CN114733546A - Preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded indium nanoparticles - Google Patents
Preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded indium nanoparticles Download PDFInfo
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- CN114733546A CN114733546A CN202210313978.8A CN202210313978A CN114733546A CN 114733546 A CN114733546 A CN 114733546A CN 202210313978 A CN202210313978 A CN 202210313978A CN 114733546 A CN114733546 A CN 114733546A
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- phthalocyanine
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 12
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011943 nanocatalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- VLDPXPPHXDGHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-dichlorophosphoryloxybenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1OP(Cl)(Cl)=O VLDPXPPHXDGHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K Indium trichloride Inorganic materials Cl[In](Cl)Cl PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005937 allylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AAMATCKFMHVIDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;1h-pyrrole Chemical compound N.C=1C=CNC=1 AAMATCKFMHVIDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLGYNVMUCSTYDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;pyridine Chemical compound N.C1=CC=NC=C1 DLGYNVMUCSTYDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000026 X-ray photoelectron spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005882 aldol condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 allyl bromides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005825 carbonyl allylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded indium nanoparticles, which is characterized by carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis on indium phthalocyanine or poly-indium phthalocyanine in an inert atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded indium nanoparticles. The invention develops an indium-based nano catalyst which is more effective for promoting organic reaction, the In nano particles are well dispersed on a nitrogen-doped carbon substrate, and the preparation method is simple, convenient and easy to implement. Compared with other existing indium-based nano-catalysts, the catalyst has higher catalytic activity and better catalytic performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of indium material preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing high-dispersion indium nanoparticles.
Background
Indium metal has many chemical properties very similar to tin and zinc, and thus indium also catalyzes some of the organic reactions that tin and zinc can catalyze. Indium metal has the following advantages over tin and zinc: (1) the first ionization potential of indium is only 5.8eV, lower than both tin and zinc; (2) indium has a very low affinity to nitrogen and oxygen containing functional groups, and facilitates the chemoselective conversion of groups in similar organic reactions.
At present, metallic indium has been widely used for catalyzing organic reactions such as allylation of carbonyl compounds, allylation of carbon-nitrogen multiple bonds, allylation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds, reaction of ketals and dimethylacetals with various allyl bromides, aldol condensation reaction, etc., i.e., metallic indium plays an important role in the formation of carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-hetero bonds. For example, in organic reaction for preparing methanol by hydrogenation, modified catalysts in a plurality of catalysts are researched and applied for a long time, and research finds that the indium-based catalyst has higher selectivity for methanol synthesis, and the methanol selectivity can reach 100% under certain reaction conditions. The design and development of more efficient indium-based nanocatalysts is essential for their industrial application in the hydrogenation to methanol.
Compared with bulk indium, the nano indium has higher catalytic activity and better catalytic performance, so the invention aims to provide a method for preparing high-dispersion indium nanoparticles for indium-promoted organic reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon-supported indium nanoparticles with high dispersibility.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon-supported indium nanoparticles is characterized in that indium phthalocyanine or poly-indium phthalocyanine is pyrolyzed at high temperature under inert atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon-supported indium nanoparticles; the structural formula of the indium phthalocyanine is shown as the following formula:
the structural formula of the poly-indium phthalocyanine is shown as the following formula:
further, the polymerization degree of the poly-indium phthalocyanine is 2-100000.
Further, the temperature of the pyrolytic indium phthalocyanine and the pyrolytic indium phthalocyanine is 600-1000 ℃, the pyrolysis time is 0.5-8 h, and the pyrolysis atmosphere is Ar or N2。
The nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) prepared by the invention are two-dimensional sheet materials, the In nanoparticles after nitrogen doping and carbon loading have good dispersion performance, and the In nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on a nitrogen-doped carbon substrate.
The invention develops an indium-based nano catalyst which is more effective in promoting organic reaction, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement. Compared with other existing indium-based nano-catalysts, the catalyst has the advantages of higher catalytic activity, better catalytic performance, low preparation cost and easy realization of industrialization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the synthesis route and partial structure of poly (indium phthalocyanine) in the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the XRD spectrum of carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows XPS survey spectra of carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows C1s spectra In XPS plots of carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the N1s spectrum In the XPS plot of carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows In3d spectra In XPS plots of carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows an SEM image of carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) In the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
In the present invention, the preparation methods are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The starting materials used are available from published commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Calcining 5g of indium phthalocyanine at 800 ℃ for 3h under the argon atmosphere, and obtaining the nitrogen-doped carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min.
The structure of the indium phthalocyanine is shown as the following formula:
example 2
1.3g of InCl31.0g ammonium chloride, 4.1g urea, 25mg (NH)4)2Mo2O7And 2.1g of pyromellitic dianhydride were sufficiently ground to obtain solid powder, which was placed in a crucible and calcined at 220 ℃ for 3 hours at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min. After cooling, ultrasonically washing the crude product with distilled water, absolute methanol, dichloromethane and absolute ethanol for multiple times respectively to obtain the poly indium phthalocyanine, and drying the poly indium phthalocyanine in vacuum at 70 ℃.
The structural formula of the poly-indium phthalocyanine is shown as the following formula:
calcining 5g of poly indium phthalocyanine at 700 ℃ for 3h under the argon atmosphere, and obtaining the nitrogen-doped carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) with the heating rate of 5 ℃/min.
Example 3
3.6g of InCl33.0g ammonium chloride, 12.3g urea, 75mg (NH)4)2Mo2O7And 6.3g of pyromellitic dianhydride were sufficiently ground to obtain solid powder, which was placed in a crucible and calcined at 230 ℃ for 4 hours at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min. After cooling, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for a plurality of times by respectively using distilled water, absolute methanol, dichloromethane and absolute ethanolWashing the crude product to obtain the poly-indium phthalocyanine, and drying the poly-indium phthalocyanine at 70 ℃ in vacuum.
Calcining 3g of poly indium phthalocyanine at 900 ℃ for 3h In a nitrogen atmosphere, and heating at a rate of 5 ℃/min to obtain In @ NC.
The preparation method of the poly indium phthalocyanine is not limited.
The structure and synthesis route of indium phthalocyanine are shown in figure 1, and the specific synthesis method is the synthesis route of poly-cobalt phthalocyanine in the reference small 31(2016) 4193-4199. The preparation method of the poly indium phthalocyanine is generally to use InCl3Urea, ammonium chloride, (NH)4)2Mo2O7Mixing and grinding the pyromellitic dianhydride and the pyromellitic dianhydride in a certain proportion, heating the mixture for 2 to 6 hours at the temperature of 200 to 300 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the heating rate of 1 to 3 ℃/min, and cooling, washing and drying the mixture to obtain the catalyst.
Figure 2 is an XRD spectrum of nitrogen doped carbon supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC). Wherein, the strong and wide diffraction peak of 2 theta near 26 degrees is attributed to the (002) crystal face of the carbon material; the more pronounced diffraction peaks of 2 θ at 33 ° and 39 °, which are assigned to the 001 and 110 crystal planes of In, respectively; in addition, diffraction peaks appeared at 31 ° and 33 ° 2 θ, which are assigned to In, respectively2O3The 211 and 222 crystal planes of (1), namely, part of the simple substance indium is oxidized into In by oxygen In the air inevitably2O3。
Fig. 3 is an XPS spectrum of carbon-supported indium nanoparticles (In @ NC) consisting essentially of C, N, O and In elements, with O derived from partially oxidized indium and partially oxidized carbon. Specifically, the spectrum of C1s (fig. 4) can be divided into three peaks, which are 288.6eV (C-O/C ═ O), 285.8eV (C-N) and 284.7eV (C ═ C/C-C), and the content of C-N and C ═ C/C-C is 2:3, which is determined by quantitative analysis through split fitting, and accounts for more than 80% of the total amount. The spectrum of N1s (FIG. 5) was divided into four peaks, 402.5eV (nitric oxide), 401.3eV (graphite nitrogen), 400.6eV (pyrrole nitrogen) and 398.4eV (pyridine nitrogen). The presence of graphitic nitrogen, pyrrole nitrogen, and pyridine nitrogen indicates the presence of nitrogen-doped carbon In @ NC.
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of In @ NC In which the In @ NC has a lamellar bulk structure and is highly dispersible In morphology.
Unless otherwise specified, any range recited herein includes any value between the endpoints and any sub-range defined by any value between the endpoints or any value between the endpoints.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon-supported indium nanoparticles is characterized in that indium phthalocyanine or poly-indium phthalocyanine is pyrolyzed at high temperature under inert atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon-supported indium nanoparticles; the structural formula of the indium phthalocyanine is shown as the following formula:
the structural formula of the poly indium phthalocyanine is shown as the following formula:
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the degree of polymerization of the indium phthalocyanine is 2 to 100000.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermolytic indium phthalocyanine and indium polyphthalocyanine are at a temperature of 600 ℃ to 1000 ℃The pyrolysis time is 0.5-8 h, and the pyrolysis atmosphere is Ar or N2。
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| CN112916009A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 合肥工业大学 | Preparation method of biomass-derived porous carbon-limited-domain monoatomic metal composite material |
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- 2022-03-28 CN CN202210313978.8A patent/CN114733546A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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