CN114732392A - Impedance measuring apparatus, system, and computer-readable storage medium - Google Patents
Impedance measuring apparatus, system, and computer-readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An impedance measurement apparatus, system, and computer-readable storage medium for measuring impedance of biological tissue between electrode contacts of an implantable medical device, the impedance measurement apparatus configured to: setting the implantable medical device to output electrical stimulation at a preset voltage value in a voltage mode, wherein the preset voltage value can enable stimulation waveforms to be normally output; measuring a measured voltage value between a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact of the implantable medical device, wherein the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are positioned on an electrode lead on the same side or an electrode lead on the different side, or respectively positioned on the electrode lead and a shell of a pulse generator; measuring a current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact; obtaining an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact based on the measured voltage value and the current value. And the communication fault of the equipment is avoided, and the reliability is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of implantable medical devices, and more particularly, to impedance measurement devices, systems, and computer readable storage media.
Background
After the electrode of the implantable medical device is implanted into the brain, the connectivity of the conductive path in the body (whether short circuit or open circuit exists or not) needs to be judged by measuring the impedance of the organism tissue between the electrode contacts; if the internal conductive path where the electrode contact is located is in a short circuit state, the electric stimulation output by the electrode contact may generate overlarge current, and the biological tissue receiving specific stimulation or the tissue directly contacting the electrode contact at the short circuit position can be damaged; if the conductive path in the body where the electrode contact is located is broken, the electric stimulation output by the electrode contact cannot be transmitted to the target area, but is directly output at the broken point, so that the target organism tissue cannot be effectively treated; in order to avoid the adverse effect of ineffective treatment caused by the occurrence of a short circuit or open circuit and other connectivity faults in a body in which an electrode contact of an implantable medical device is located, it is very important to perform impedance measurement and detection on the electrode contact of the implantable medical device.
The existing impedance measurement method of implantable medical devices adopts a constant current measurement mode, for example, an electrode circuit is enabled to fixedly output 2 milliampere (mA) current, the amplitude of voltage between electrode contacts is measured, and the ratio of the obtained voltage amplitude to the fixed current value is the impedance value of biological tissues between the electrode contacts; however, the fixed current value used in the calculation of the measuring method has deviation from the actual current value of the actual electrode circuit, and the impedance value between the electrode contacts obtained by the method has certain error; secondly, when the measurement range is small by adopting a constant current measurement mode, for example, when the measurement value of the voltage amplitude between the electrode contacts is more than 2.5 kilo-ohms (K Ω), the current value fixedly output by the electrode circuit needs to be changed to 1mA for retesting, and the measurement range of the impedance value can be increased to the measurement range of the maximum impedance value of about 6.5K Ω; therefore, the impedance value of the electrode contact is measured by adopting a constant current measurement mode, and the defects that the error exists in the impedance value and the measurement range is limited exist.
Patent CN111770774A discloses a neural interface device for stimulating nerves and measuring impedance, the system comprising: a neural interface device including a plurality of electrodes for electrically contacting the nerve; a voltage or current source operably connected to at least a subset of the electrodes, wherein the voltage or current source is configured to generate an electrical signal to be applied to the subset of the electrodes; an impedance measurement module operatively connected to at least a subset of the electrodes, wherein the impedance measurement module is configured to measure impedance between the subset of the electrodes; and a controller arranged to determine an amplitude of an action potential induced in the nerve via the electrical signal based on the measured impedance, and to adjust the electrical signal so as to induce an action potential having a target amplitude. According to the technical scheme, whether the stimulation waveform can be normally output when the electric signal is applied is not considered, so that the measured impedance value may be under the abnormal stimulation waveform and has certain deviation with the impedance value under the normal stimulation waveform.
Patent CN110325241A discloses a device and method for setting cochlear implant system stimulation parameters based on electrode impedance measurements, the device comprising: at least one physical computation component instructing a cochlear implant included within the cochlear implant system and implanted in the patient to generate an electrical stimulation current at a predetermined current level and to apply the electrical stimulation current to the patient by means of an electrode coupled with the cochlear implant; instructing the cochlear implant to measure a voltage level associated with the electrode while the electrical stimulation current is applied to the patient by way of the electrode; determining an impedance of the electrode based on the predetermined current level and the measured voltage level; identifying predetermined stimulation parameter adjustment constraints; and automatically adjusting a stimulation parameter associated with the cochlear implant system based on the impedance of the electrode and in accordance with the predetermined stimulation parameter adjustment constraint. According to the technical scheme, the impedance value is measured in a constant-current stimulation mode, more voltage modes are adopted in the actual treatment process, and certain deviation exists between the impedance value under constant-current stimulation and the impedance value under constant-voltage stimulation.
Patent CN102917639B discloses an apparatus for measuring the interface impedance between a body and a stimulation electrode, comprising: a first electrode connected to some cells within the body; a second electrode connected to other cells within the body so as to provide the current applied by the stimulator through the cells to the first electrode; a measurement unit for selectively extracting voltages loaded on the first and second electrodes depending on currents applied to the first and second electrodes; a charge storage unit to which a relative potential corresponding to a voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is stored; an a/D conversion unit for converting a signal corresponding to the relative potential into a digital signal and for outputting the digital signal; and an impedance calculation unit for calculating an interface impedance of the first electrode and the second electrode from the digital signal output from the a/D conversion unit and the current applied to the second electrode. In the technology, a voltage difference induced at both ends of each electrode implanted into a living body and a current stimulation signal applied to the pair of electrodes are utilized, so that the change of the impedance of the electrodes is measured in real time according to an implantation period and an environment, and whether a conductive path in a sample body has a short circuit or a connectivity fault such as a short circuit is not considered.
Patent CN108635669A discloses an impedance measuring device and method based on deep brain stimulator electrodes, which includes a pulse distribution circuit, a signal amplification circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a processing controller, an electrode port selection module and a plurality of deep brain stimulator electrodes, wherein the output end of the processing controller is connected with the control end of the pulse distribution circuit and the control end of the electrode port selection module, the output end of the pulse distribution circuit is connected with each deep brain stimulator electrode through the electrode port selection module, the input end of the signal amplification circuit is connected with each deep brain stimulator electrode through the electrode port selection module, and the output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected with the processing controller through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit; the processing controller controls the pulse distribution circuit to distribute current pulse signals or voltage pulse signals through the deep brain stimulator electrodes, the processing controller collects the voltage signals or the current signals on the deep brain stimulator electrodes through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and the signal amplification circuit to calculate contact impedance values between the two electrodes and brain tissues, contact impedance values between the single electrode and the brain tissues and impedance values between the brain tissues, judges the contact effect of the deep brain stimulator electrodes and the brain tissues and provides data support for the setting of stimulation parameters. However, the patent does not consider that the measurement method used has a small measurement range, and does not perform numerical division and retest on the measured impedance value.
In order to avoid adverse effects of ineffective treatment caused by connectivity faults such as short circuit or open circuit of a conductive path in the body of the implantable medical equipment, reduce errors possibly generated in the impedance measurement process and enlarge the measurement range, the invention provides the impedance measurement device, the impedance measurement method and the computer readable storage medium, so as to enhance the stability and the reliability of the implantable medical equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an impedance measuring device, an impedance measuring system and a computer readable storage medium, which can avoid bad influence of ineffective treatment caused by connectivity faults such as short circuit or open circuit of a conductive path in a body of implantable medical equipment, reduce errors possibly generated in the impedance measuring process and enlarge the measuring range.
The purpose of the application is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides an impedance measurement apparatus for measuring impedance of biological tissue between electrode contacts of an implantable medical device, the impedance measurement apparatus configured to:
setting the implantable medical device to output electrical stimulation at a preset voltage value in a voltage mode, wherein the preset voltage value can enable a stimulation waveform to be normally output;
measuring a measured voltage value between a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact of the implantable medical device, wherein the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are positioned on an electrode lead on the same side or an electrode lead on the different side, or the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are respectively positioned on the electrode lead and a shell of a pulse generator of the implantable medical device;
measuring a current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact;
obtaining an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact based on the measured voltage value and the current value, the impedance value being an impedance of biological tissue between the electrode contacts of the implantable medical device.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: adopting a fixed voltage measuring method to enable the implanted medical equipment to output electric stimulation at a fixed voltage value in a voltage mode, and measuring and feeding back the current stimulation voltage by using a stimulation chip of the implanted medical equipment, wherein the current stimulation voltage is the measured voltage value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact; measuring and feeding back the stimulation current of the stimulation circuit by using a sampling resistor and a current amplification unit, wherein the stimulation current is the current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact; further calculating to obtain an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact, namely the impedance value of the biological tissue between the electrode contacts of the implantable medical device; in the measuring method, even if fixed voltage is adopted to output electric stimulation, the stimulation voltage and the stimulation current of the implantable medical device in the current state are measured during measurement to serve as the actual measurement voltage value and the current value used in calculation, so that the error caused by the deviation of a theoretical value and the actual measurement value is reduced, and the accuracy of the calculated impedance value is ensured; whether the in-vivo conductive path where the electrode contact of the electrode lead positioned on the same side or the different side is positioned or whether the in-vivo conductive path between the electrode lead and the pulse generator shell has a short circuit or open circuit or other connectivity faults is judged through the impedance value, so that the influences that organism tissues are damaged due to overlarge current value caused by short circuit of the electrode contact or electric stimulation cannot be transmitted to a target area due to open circuit of the electrode contact to cause ineffective treatment and the like are avoided, and the stability and the reliability of the implantable medical device are further enhanced. The implantable medical device may be provided, for example, with an IPG (pulse generator) having a housing, a plurality of extension leads and a plurality of electrode leads, with one extension lead being connectable between the IPG and each electrode lead, and the plurality of electrode leads may be located on the same side or on different sides. The implantable medical device is, for example, a deep brain stimulator, and when the number of the electrode leads is greater than 1, the plurality of electrode leads may be positioned ipsilaterally (all in the left brain or all in the right brain) or heterolaterally (one in the left brain and one in the right brain). Both electrode contacts may be located on the electrode lead (whether on the same side or on opposite sides), or one may be located on the electrode lead and the other on the housing of the IPG.
In some alternative embodiments, the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are any two electrode contacts in a side electrode lead of the implantable medical device.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: the implantable medical device is provided with one or more paths of electrode leads on one side or two sides, a plurality of electrode contacts are arranged on the electrode leads, and the electrode contacts can be uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the electrode leads (for example, 4 rows and 3 columns of arrays, and 12 electrode contacts in total); when the impedance value is measured, any two electrode contacts on the electrode lead at one side can be selected for measurement, so that the electrode contacts needing impedance measurement can be measured in a targeted manner, and the measurement efficiency is improved; in addition, when the electrode contact faults are checked, regular electrode contact arrangement and combination can be selected for measurement so as to achieve the purpose of accurate checking.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
and if the measured voltage value is not in the floating range of the preset voltage value, setting the impedance value as a preset error identification value, wherein the error identification value is used for indicating that the impedance measurement is wrong.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: when the actual measurement voltage value is measured, the actual measurement voltage value is compared with the preset voltage value, if the actual measurement voltage value is not in the floating range of the preset voltage value, namely the error of the actual measurement voltage value is overlarge, the impedance value is set to be a preset error identification value to represent the current impedance measurement error, and the impedance value is not calculated, so that the error of the impedance value obtained by measurement is ensured to be in an expected error range, and the wrong judgment of the connectivity of the in-vivo conductive path caused by the impedance value with the maximum error is avoided.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
obtaining a comparison result of the impedance value and a preset impedance comparison value based on the preset impedance comparison value;
and adjusting the preset voltage value based on the comparison result, and retesting the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact corresponding to the impedance value.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: firstly, measuring an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact by using the preset voltage value, comparing the impedance value with a preset impedance contrast value, further adjusting the amplitude of the preset voltage value, and retesting the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact; therefore, by dividing the retest interval of the impedance, a sufficiently large measurement range of the impedance value can be obtained, and the short circuit or open circuit fault of the in-vivo conductive path where the electrode contact is located can be accurately and quickly judged.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
correcting the impedance value;
writing the impedance value to a memory of the implantable medical device.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: the measured impedance value comprises the part of impedance value when the electric stimulation is output through electronic components such as a switch chip and the like, so that the part of impedance value needs to be eliminated; therefore, after the measurement is finished, the impedance value is corrected to ensure the authenticity and the accuracy of the measured impedance value, and then the corrected impedance value is stored into a memory of the implanted medical equipment, wherein the memory can be a Flash register so as to be convenient for calling the impedance value when the implanted medical equipment carries out other operations.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measuring device is further configured to modify the impedance value in the following manner:
determining an impedance offset value currently corresponding to the implantable medical device;
modifying the impedance value based on the impedance offset value.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: correcting the impedance value based on a preset impedance offset value under the current impedance measurement condition of the implantable medical device; the preset impedance deviation value is, for example, a preset impedance deviation value under monopolar stimulation, a preset impedance deviation value under bipolar stimulation, or the like, so as to ensure the accuracy of the impedance value.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
and sequentially measuring the impedance values between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: the impedance measuring device can sequentially measure impedance values between a plurality of groups of first electrode contacts and second electrode contacts in one measuring operation, or can sequentially measure the impedance values for a plurality of times by setting a specific electrode contact combination sequence, wherein the combination of each group of the first electrode contacts and the second electrode contacts is different; therefore, the impedance value measuring requirements under different conditions can be met, the operation of impedance value measurement is simplified, and the measurement efficiency of the impedance measuring device is improved.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
when the implantable medical device is set with stimulation parameters, impedance measurement is carried out, and the stimulation parameters comprise the working mode of the implantable medical device and one or more corresponding working parameters; or the like, or, alternatively,
impedance measurements are taken before the implantable medical device outputs electrical stimulation.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: when the implantable medical device sets stimulation parameters (for example, the working mode of the implantable medical device and one or more corresponding working parameters thereof), the impedance measurement is performed, so that the stimulation parameters can be designed by using the impedance value while the detected electrode contact is ensured to be in a normal state; or before the implantable medical equipment outputs the electrical stimulation, impedance measurement is carried out, the fact that the in-vivo conductive path where the electrode contact is located does not have connectivity faults such as short circuit or open circuit is guaranteed, the fact that the output electrical stimulation normally reaches target organism tissues is guaranteed, and effective treatment is carried out.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an impedance measurement system for measuring impedance of biological tissue between electrode contacts of an implantable medical device, the impedance measurement system comprising:
means for setting the implantable medical device to output electrical stimulation in a voltage mode at a preset voltage value that enables a stimulation waveform to be normally output;
a device for measuring a measured voltage value between a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact of the implantable medical device, wherein the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are located on an electrode lead on the same side or an electrode lead on the different side, or the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are respectively located on the electrode lead and a housing of a pulse generator of the implantable medical device;
means for measuring a current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact;
means for obtaining an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact based on the measured voltage value and the current value, the impedance value being an impedance of biological tissue between the electrode contacts of the implantable medical device.
In some alternative embodiments, the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are any two electrode contacts in a side electrode lead of the implantable medical device.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises:
and the device is used for setting the impedance value as a preset error identification value when the actually measured voltage value is not in the floating range of the preset voltage value, wherein the error identification value is used for indicating that the current impedance measurement is wrong.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises:
means for obtaining a comparison result of the impedance value and a preset impedance comparison value based on the impedance comparison value;
and the device is used for adjusting the preset voltage value based on the comparison result and retesting the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact corresponding to the impedance value.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises:
means for correcting said impedance value;
means for writing the impedance value to a memory of the implantable medical device.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises a sub-device for correcting the impedance value:
means for determining an impedance offset value currently corresponding to the implantable medical device;
a sub-means for correcting the impedance value based on the impedance offset value.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises:
means for sequentially measuring impedance values between sets of the first electrode contacts and the second electrode contacts.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measuring device further comprises:
means for performing an impedance measurement while the implantable medical device sets stimulation parameters, the stimulation parameters including an operating mode of the implantable medical device and one or more operating parameters corresponding thereto; or the like, or, alternatively,
means for performing an impedance measurement prior to the implantable medical device outputting electrical stimulation.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the functionality of any of the above apparatus.
Drawings
The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic operation flow diagram of an impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic partial operation flowchart of an impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial operational flow diagram of another impedance measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a part of an operation flow of another impedance measuring apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process for correcting an impedance according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic partial flowchart illustrating an operation of another impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a portion of an operation flow of another impedance measuring apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance measuring apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a program product for implementing an impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments or technical features described below may be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic operation flow diagram of an impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. Embodiments of the present application provide an impedance measurement apparatus for measuring impedance of biological tissue between electrode contacts of an implantable medical device, the impedance measurement apparatus configured to:
step S101: setting the implantable medical device to output electrical stimulation at a preset voltage value in a voltage mode, wherein the preset voltage value can enable stimulation waveforms to be normally output;
step S102: measuring a measured voltage value between a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact of the implantable medical device, wherein the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are positioned on an electrode lead on the same side or an electrode lead on the different side, or the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are respectively positioned on the electrode lead and a shell of a pulse generator of the implantable medical device;
step S103: measuring a current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact;
step S104: obtaining an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact based on the measured voltage value and the current value, the impedance value being an impedance of biological tissue between the electrode contacts of the implantable medical device.
Adopting a fixed voltage measuring method to enable the implantable medical equipment to output electric stimulation at a fixed voltage value in a voltage mode, and measuring and feeding back the current stimulation voltage by using a stimulation chip of the implantable medical equipment, wherein the current stimulation voltage is the measured voltage value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact; measuring and feeding back the stimulation current of the stimulation circuit by using a sampling resistor and a current amplification unit, wherein the stimulation current is the current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact; further calculating to obtain an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact, namely the impedance value of the biological tissue between the electrode contacts of the implantable medical device; in the measuring method, even if fixed voltage is adopted to output electric stimulation, the stimulation voltage and the stimulation current of the implantable medical device in the current state are measured during measurement to serve as the actual measurement voltage value and the current value used in calculation, so that the error caused by the deviation of a theoretical value and the actual measurement value is reduced, and the accuracy of the calculated impedance value is ensured; whether the in-vivo conductive path where the electrode contact of the electrode lead positioned on the same side or the different side is positioned or whether the in-vivo conductive path between the electrode lead and the pulse generator shell has a short circuit or open circuit or other connectivity faults is judged through the impedance value, so that the influences that organism tissues are damaged due to overlarge current value caused by short circuit of the electrode contact or electric stimulation cannot be transmitted to a target area due to open circuit of the electrode contact to cause ineffective treatment and the like are avoided, and the stability and the reliability of the implantable medical device are further enhanced. The implantable medical device may be provided, for example, with an IPG (pulse generator) having a housing, a plurality of extension leads and a plurality of electrode leads, which may be on the same side or on different sides, with one extension lead connecting between the IPG and each electrode lead. The implantable medical device is, for example, a deep brain stimulator, and when the number of the electrode leads is greater than 1, the plurality of electrode leads may be positioned ipsilaterally (all in the left brain or all in the right brain) or heterolaterally (one in the left brain and one in the right brain). Both electrode contacts may be located on the electrode lead (either on the same side or on opposite sides), or one may be located on the electrode lead and the other on the housing of the IPG.
In some optional embodiments, the preset voltage value is, for example, 1 volt (V), 1.5V, 1.75V, 2V, or the like;
in a specific embodiment, the preset voltage value is, for example, 1 volt (V), and the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact is measured when the voltage value of 1V is output, so that the normal output of the stimulation waveform can be ensured, and the safety of the organism tissue receiving the electric stimulation can be ensured when the connectivity of the in-vivo conductive path is failed.
In some optional embodiments, the obtaining of the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact based on the measured voltage value and the current value may obtain the impedance value using a ratio (V/I) of the measured voltage value and the current value.
The Implantable medical device is an Implantable programmable multi-program medical device, and can be any one of an Implantable nerve electrical stimulation device, an Implantable cardiac electrical stimulation System (also called a cardiac pacemaker), an Implantable Drug Delivery System (I DDS for short) and a lead switching device. Examples of the implantable neural electrical Stimulation device include Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), Cortical Brain Stimulation (CNS), Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS), Sacral Nerve Stimulation (SNS), and Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS). The implantable medical device is, for example, a stimulator, which includes an IPG (implantable pulse generator), an extension lead and an electrode lead, the IPG is disposed in the patient, the implantable pulse generator provides controllable electrical pulse stimulation by means of a sealed battery and a circuit, and one or two controllable specific electrical pulse stimulations are provided for a specific region of the tissue of the living body through the implanted extension lead and the electrode lead. The extension lead is used in cooperation with the IPG as a pulse transmission medium for transmitting the stimulation pulse generated by the IPG to the electrode lead. The electrode lead transmits the electric stimulation generated by the IPG to a specific area of the organism tissue through a plurality of electrode contacts; the implantable medical device has one or more electrode leads on one or both sides, and a plurality of electrode contacts are disposed on the electrode leads, and the electrode contacts may be uniformly arranged or non-uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the electrode leads, for example, the electrode contacts are arranged in an array of 4 rows and 3 columns (12 electrode contacts in total) in the circumferential direction of the electrode leads.
In one embodiment of the present application, the biological tissue to be stimulated may be brain tissue of a patient, the site to be stimulated may be a specific site of the brain tissue, the site to be stimulated may generally be different when the type of disease of the patient is different, and the number of stimulation contacts (single or multiple sources), the application of one or more (single or multiple channels) specific electrical pulse stimulations, and stimulation parameter data used may also be different. The type of disease to which the present application is applicable is not limited, and may be the type of disease to which Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS), pelvic stimulation, gastric stimulation, peripheral nerve stimulation, functional electrical stimulation are applicable. Among the types of diseases that DBS may be used for treatment or management include, but are not limited to: convulsive disorders (e.g., epilepsy), pain, migraine, psychiatric disorders (e.g., Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)), manic depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), behavioral disorders, mood disorders, memory disorders, mental state disorders, movement disorders (e.g., essential tremor or parkinson's disease), huntington's disease, alzheimer's disease, drug addiction, autism, or other neurological or psychiatric diseases and injuries. When the DBS is used for treating drug addiction patients, the DBS can help drug addicts to abstain drugs and improve the happiness and the life quality of the drug addicts.
In some alternative embodiments, the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are any two electrode contacts in a side electrode lead of the implantable medical device.
Thus, the implantable medical device has one or more electrode leads on one or both sides, on which a plurality of electrode contacts are arranged, which may be, for example, arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction of the electrode lead (e.g., 4 rows and 3 columns of arrays, for a total of 12 electrode contacts); when the impedance value is measured, any two electrode contacts on the electrode lead on one side can be selected for measurement, so that the electrode contacts needing impedance measurement can be measured in a targeted manner, and the measurement efficiency is improved; in addition, when the electrode contact faults are checked, regular electrode contact arrangement and combination can be selected for measurement so as to achieve the purpose of accurate checking.
In some alternative embodiments, the first and second electrode contacts may be electrode contacts # 1 and electrode contacts # 3 in a right electrode lead of the implantable medical device; may be the electrode contact number 1 and the electrode contact number 2 in the left electrode lead of the implantable medical device; which may be the number 4 electrode contact, the number 5 electrode contact, etc. in the left second electrode lead of the implantable medical device.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic partial operation flow diagram of an impedance measuring apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
step S105: and if the measured voltage value is not in the floating range of the preset voltage value, setting the impedance value as a preset error identification value, wherein the error identification value is used for indicating that the impedance measurement is wrong.
Therefore, when the actual measurement voltage value is measured, the actual measurement voltage value is compared with the preset voltage value, if the actual measurement voltage value is not in the floating range of the preset voltage value, namely the error of the actual measurement voltage value is overlarge, the impedance value is set to be a preset error identification value to represent the current impedance measurement error, and the impedance value is not calculated, so that the error of the measured impedance value is ensured to be in an expected error range, and the wrong judgment of the connectivity of the in-vivo conductive path caused by the impedance value with the maximum error is avoided.
In some optional embodiments, if the measured voltage value is within the floating range of the preset voltage value, the steps S103 and S104 are continued.
In some optional embodiments, the floating range of the preset voltage value may be: floating up and down within 400 millivolts (mV) by taking the preset voltage value as a reference; can be as follows: taking the preset voltage value as a reference, and floating up to within 200mV or floating down to within 300 mV; the preset voltage value can be used as a reference, and the floating voltage value does not exceed 300 mV.
In a specific embodiment, the preset voltage value is 1V, and the floating range of the preset voltage value is: and floating up and down within 400 millivolts (mV) by taking the preset voltage value as a reference, if the actual measurement voltage value is 1.5V, the actual measurement voltage value is not within the floating range of the preset voltage value, and at the moment, setting the impedance value as a preset error identification value, for example, setting the impedance value as 0xeff to indicate that the impedance measurement is wrong at this time.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic partial operation flow diagram of another impedance measuring apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application. In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
step S106: obtaining a comparison result of the impedance value and a preset impedance comparison value based on the preset impedance comparison value;
step S107: and adjusting the preset voltage value based on the comparison result, and retesting the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact corresponding to the impedance value.
Therefore, the preset voltage value is used for measuring the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact, the impedance value is compared with a preset impedance contrast value, the amplitude of the preset voltage value is further adjusted, and the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact is retested; therefore, by dividing the retest interval of the impedance, a large enough measurement range of the impedance value can be obtained, and the short circuit or open circuit fault of the in-vivo conductive path where the electrode contact is located can be accurately and quickly judged.
In some alternative embodiments, the preset impedance contrast value may be 1500 ohms (Ω), 1 kilo-ohms (K Ω), 10K Ω, or the like.
In a specific embodiment, the preset impedance comparison value may be 1500 Ω, and the impedance value is compared with 1500 Ω, and the comparison result is that the impedance value is greater than 1500 Ω, or the impedance value is less than or equal to 1500 Ω; if the comparison result is that the impedance value is greater than 1500 Ω, adjusting the preset voltage value to be 3V, and retesting the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact with the impedance value greater than 1500 Ω; and if the comparison result shows that the impedance value is less than or equal to 1500 omega, adjusting the preset voltage value to be 1.5V, and retesting the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact, of which the impedance value is less than or equal to 1500 omega.
In some optional embodiments, when the preset voltage value is adjusted to be 3V, the measurable measurement range of the impedance value is 40K Ω, which is beneficial to determining whether there is a disconnected connectivity fault in the in-vivo conductive path where the electrode contact is located.
In some optional embodiments, when the preset voltage value is adjusted to be 1.5V, the measured current value is larger, which is beneficial to determining whether a short-circuit connectivity fault exists in an in-vivo conductive path where the electrode contact is located.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic partial operation flow diagram of another impedance measuring apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application. In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
step S108: correcting the impedance value;
step S109: writing the impedance value to a memory of the implantable medical device.
Therefore, the electrical stimulation is output through electronic components such as a switch chip, and the like, and the measured impedance value comprises the part of impedance value, so that the part of impedance value needs to be eliminated; therefore, after the measurement is finished, the impedance value is corrected to ensure the authenticity and the accuracy of the measured impedance value, and then the corrected impedance value is stored into a memory of the implanted medical equipment, wherein the memory can be a Flash register so as to be convenient for calling the impedance value when the implanted medical equipment carries out other operations.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a process for correcting an impedance value according to an embodiment of the present application. In some optional embodiments, the impedance measuring device is further configured to perform the operation of step S108 in the following manner:
step S201: determining an impedance offset value currently corresponding to the implantable medical device;
step S202: modifying the impedance value based on the impedance offset value.
Thereby, the impedance value is corrected based on the preset impedance deviation value under the current impedance measurement condition of the implantable medical device; the preset impedance deviation value is, for example, a preset impedance deviation value under monopolar stimulation, a preset impedance deviation value under bipolar stimulation, or the like, so as to ensure the accuracy of the impedance value.
Specifically, when the implantable medical device currently adopts monopolar stimulation, it is determined that the currently corresponding impedance offset value of the implantable medical device is the impedance offset value under preset monopolar stimulation; when the implantable medical device currently adopts bipolar stimulation, determining that the impedance offset value currently corresponding to the implantable medical device is the impedance offset value under preset bipolar stimulation.
Monopolar stimulation in this application means that one of the first and second electrode contacts is located on the electrode lead and the other is located on the housing; bipolar stimulation in this application means that both the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are located on the electrode lead.
In some alternative embodiments, the preset impedance offset values under monopolar stimulation may be 50 Ω, 60 Ω, 70 Ω, etc.; the impedance deviation value under the preset bipolar stimulation can be 80 omega, 90 omega, 100 omega and the like;
in some alternative embodiments, the corrected impedance value is the impedance value-the offset value.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic partial operation flow diagram of another impedance measuring apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application. In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
step S110: and sequentially measuring the impedance values between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact.
Thus, the impedance measuring apparatus may sequentially measure impedance values between a plurality of sets of the first electrode contacts and the second electrode contacts in one measurement operation, or may sequentially perform a plurality of measurements of the impedance values by setting a specific electrode contact combination sequence, the combination of each set of the first electrode contacts and the second electrode contacts being different; therefore, the impedance value measuring requirements under different conditions can be met, the operation of impedance value measurement is simplified, and the measurement efficiency of the impedance measuring device is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the impedance measuring device measures the impedance values between electrode contacts No. 1 and No. 2, between electrode contacts No. 1 and No. 3, and between electrode contacts No. 1 and No. 4 in one measurement operation in sequence.
In a specific embodiment, the impedance measuring device measures the impedance value between the electrode contacts No. 1 and No. 2 for the first time, measures the impedance value between the electrode contacts No. 1 and No. 3 for the second time, and measures the impedance value between the electrode contacts No. 1 and No. 4 for the third time based on a preset specific electrode contact combination sequence.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic partial operation flow diagram of another impedance measuring apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application. In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
step S111: when the implantable medical device sets stimulation parameters, impedance measurement is carried out, and the stimulation parameters comprise the working mode of the implantable medical device and one or more corresponding working parameters; or the like, or, alternatively,
step S112: impedance measurements are taken before the implantable medical device outputs electrical stimulation.
Therefore, when the implantable medical device sets stimulation parameters (such as the working mode of the implantable medical device and one or more corresponding working parameters), the impedance measurement is performed, and the stimulation parameters can be designed by using the impedance value while the detected electrode contact is ensured to be in a normal state; or before the implantable medical equipment outputs the electrical stimulation, impedance measurement is carried out, the fact that the in-vivo conductive path where the electrode contact is located does not have connectivity faults such as short circuit or open circuit is guaranteed, the fact that the output electrical stimulation normally reaches target organism tissues is guaranteed, and effective treatment is carried out.
In a specific embodiment, the implantable medical device takes an impedance measurement when the current mode is converted to the voltage mode.
In a specific embodiment, when the configuration of the switch chip is changed in the current mode of the implantable medical device, the impedance measurement is performed before the implantable medical device outputs the electrical stimulation.
In a specific embodiment, no impedance measurement is performed if the implantable medical device is switched from the current mode to the off-stimulation mode.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an impedance measuring system, and a specific implementation manner of the impedance measuring system is consistent with the implementation manner and the achieved technical effect described in the embodiment of the impedance measuring apparatus, and details are not repeated.
The present application provides an impedance measurement system for measuring impedance of biological tissue between electrode contacts of an implantable medical device, the impedance measurement system comprising:
means for setting the implantable medical device to output electrical stimulation in a voltage mode at a preset voltage value that enables a stimulation waveform to be normally output;
a device for measuring a measured voltage value between a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact of the implantable medical device, wherein the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are located on an electrode lead on the same side or an electrode lead on the different side, or the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are respectively located on the electrode lead and a housing of a pulse generator of the implantable medical device;
means for measuring a current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact;
means for obtaining an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact based on the measured voltage value and the current value, the impedance value being an impedance of biological tissue between the electrode contacts of the implantable medical device.
In some alternative embodiments, the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are any two electrode contacts in a side electrode lead of the implantable medical device.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises:
and the device is used for setting the impedance value as a preset error identification value when the actually measured voltage value is not in the floating range of the preset voltage value, wherein the error identification value is used for indicating that the current impedance measurement is wrong.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises:
means for obtaining a comparison result of the impedance value and a preset impedance comparison value based on the impedance comparison value;
and the device is used for adjusting the preset voltage value based on the comparison result and retesting the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact corresponding to the impedance value.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises:
means for correcting said impedance value;
means for writing the impedance value to a memory of the implantable medical device.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises a sub-device for correcting the impedance value:
means for determining an impedance offset value currently corresponding to the implantable medical device;
a sub-means for correcting the impedance value based on the impedance offset value.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measurement system further comprises:
means for sequentially measuring impedance values between sets of the first electrode contacts and the second electrode contacts.
In some optional embodiments, the impedance measuring device further comprises:
means for performing an impedance measurement while the implantable medical device sets stimulation parameters, the stimulation parameters including an operating mode of the implantable medical device and one or more operating parameters corresponding thereto; or the like, or, alternatively,
means for performing an impedance measurement prior to the implantable medical device outputting electrical stimulation.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance measuring apparatus 200 according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes at least one memory 210, at least one processor 220, and a bus 230 connecting different platform systems.
The memory 210 may include readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM)211 and/or cache memory 212, and may further include Read Only Memory (ROM) 213.
The memory 210 further stores a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor 220, so that the processor 220 executes the steps in the embodiment of the present application, and a specific implementation manner of the method is consistent with the implementation manner and the achieved technical effect described in the embodiment of the impedance measuring apparatus, and a part of the contents are not described again.
Accordingly, the processor 220 may execute the computer programs described above, and may execute the utility 214.
The impedance measurement apparatus 200 may also communicate with one or more external devices 240, such as a keyboard, pointing device, bluetooth device, etc., and may also communicate with one or more devices capable of interacting with the impedance measurement apparatus 200, and/or with any device (e.g., router, modem, etc.) that enables the impedance measurement apparatus 200 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may be through input-output interface 250. Also, the impedance measurement device apparatus 200 may also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the internet) via the network adapter 260. The network adapter 260 may communicate with other modules of the impedance measurement device 200 via the bus 230. It should be appreciated that although not shown in the figures, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with the impedance measuring device 200, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processors, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage platforms, to name a few.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the steps in the embodiment of the present application are implemented, and a specific implementation manner of the computer program is consistent with the implementation manner and the achieved technical effect described in the embodiment of the impedance measuring apparatus, and a part of contents are not described again.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a program product 300 for implementing an impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. The program product 300 for implementing the impedance measuring device may employ a portable compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) and include program code, and may be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the program product 300 of the present invention is not so limited, and in this application, a readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program product 300 may employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
A computer readable storage medium may include a propagated data signal with readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable storage medium may also be any readable medium that can communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the C language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on an associated device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the case of a remote computing device, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., through the internet using an internet service provider).
While the present application is described in terms of various aspects, including exemplary embodiments, the principles of the invention should not be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but are also intended to cover various modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An impedance measurement device for measuring impedance of biological tissue between electrode contacts of an implantable medical device, the impedance measurement device configured to:
setting the implantable medical device to output electrical stimulation at a preset voltage value in a voltage mode, wherein the preset voltage value can enable stimulation waveforms to be normally output;
measuring a measured voltage value between a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact of the implantable medical device, wherein the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are positioned on an electrode lead on the same side or an electrode lead on the different side, or the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are respectively positioned on the electrode lead and a shell of a pulse generator of the implantable medical device;
measuring a current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact;
obtaining an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact based on the measured voltage value and the current value, the impedance value being an impedance of biological tissue between the electrode contacts of the implantable medical device.
2. The impedance measurement device of claim 1, wherein the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are any two electrode contacts in a side electrode lead of the implantable medical device.
3. The impedance measurement device of claim 1, wherein the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
and if the measured voltage value is not in the floating range of the preset voltage value, setting the impedance value as a preset error identification value, wherein the error identification value is used for indicating that the impedance measurement is wrong.
4. The impedance measurement device of claim 1, wherein the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
obtaining a comparison result of the impedance value and a preset impedance comparison value based on the preset impedance comparison value;
and adjusting the preset voltage value based on the comparison result, and retesting the impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact corresponding to the impedance value.
5. The impedance measurement device of claim 1, wherein the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
correcting the impedance value;
writing the impedance value to a memory of the implantable medical device.
6. The impedance measurement device of claim 5, wherein the impedance measurement device is further configured to modify the impedance value by:
determining a current corresponding impedance offset value for the implantable medical device;
modifying the impedance value based on the impedance offset value.
7. The impedance measurement device of claim 1, wherein the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
and sequentially measuring the impedance values between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact.
8. The impedance measurement device of claim 1, wherein the impedance measurement device is further configured to:
when the implantable medical device sets stimulation parameters, impedance measurement is carried out, and the stimulation parameters comprise the working mode of the implantable medical device and one or more corresponding working parameters; or the like, or, alternatively,
impedance measurements are taken before the implantable medical device outputs electrical stimulation.
9. An impedance measurement system for measuring impedance of biological tissue between electrode contacts of an implantable medical device, the impedance measurement system comprising:
means for setting the implantable medical device to output electrical stimulation at a preset voltage value in a voltage mode, the preset voltage value enabling a stimulation waveform to be normally output;
a device for measuring a measured voltage value between a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact of the implantable medical device, wherein the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are located on an electrode lead on the same side or an electrode lead on the different side, or the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact are respectively located on the electrode lead and a housing of a pulse generator of the implantable medical device;
means for measuring a current value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact;
means for obtaining an impedance value between the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact based on the measured voltage value and the current value, the impedance value being an impedance of biological tissue between the electrode contacts of the implantable medical device.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the functionality of the apparatus of claims 1-8.
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| CN202210370055.6A CN114732392A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Impedance measuring apparatus, system, and computer-readable storage medium |
| PCT/CN2023/080145 WO2023193564A1 (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2023-03-07 | Impedance measurement apparatus and system and computer-readable storage medium |
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| CN202210370055.6A CN114732392A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Impedance measuring apparatus, system, and computer-readable storage medium |
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| WO2023193564A1 (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2023-10-12 | 苏州景昱医疗器械有限公司 | Impedance measurement apparatus and system and computer-readable storage medium |
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| AU2001263108A1 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-26 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Cardiac stimulation devices and methods for measuring impedances associated withthe left side of the heart |
| EP1510173B1 (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2017-04-05 | BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG | Intracardial impedance measuring device |
| US8428717B2 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2013-04-23 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring tissue fluid content for use in an implantable cardiac device |
| US9399132B2 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2016-07-26 | Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation | Method and device for acquiring physiological data during tissue stimulation procedure |
| US20120184866A1 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2012-07-19 | St. Jude Medical Ab | Implantable medical device and method for multisite measurement of intracardiac impedance |
| US20120109001A1 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | Medtronic, Inc. | Sensing in an implantable device in the presence of an interfering signal using lead impedance measurements |
| US20200306534A1 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-10-01 | Galvani Bioelectronics Limited | Neural interface device for stimulation of a nerve and measuring impedance |
| CN108635669A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-12 | 乐普医学电子仪器股份有限公司 | A kind of impedance measurement device and method based on brain depth stimulator electrode |
| CN112823740A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | 苏州景昱医疗器械有限公司 | Nerve stimulator and human body load impedance detection module and detection method thereof |
| CN114732392A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-12 | 苏州景昱医疗器械有限公司 | Impedance measuring apparatus, system, and computer-readable storage medium |
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| WO2023193564A1 (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2023-10-12 | 苏州景昱医疗器械有限公司 | Impedance measurement apparatus and system and computer-readable storage medium |
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Address after: 215000 building C16, bio nano Park, 218 Xinghu street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Jingyu Medical Technology (Suzhou) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215000 building C16, bio nano Park, 218 Xinghu street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: SCENERAY Co.,Ltd. |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information |