CN114726020A - Automatic charging and discharging device - Google Patents

Automatic charging and discharging device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114726020A
CN114726020A CN202210099250.XA CN202210099250A CN114726020A CN 114726020 A CN114726020 A CN 114726020A CN 202210099250 A CN202210099250 A CN 202210099250A CN 114726020 A CN114726020 A CN 114726020A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
main control
control board
power supply
charging
module
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Pending
Application number
CN202210099250.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李小伟
刘旭杰
赵涛
屈海涛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chaoyang Jiahua Electronics Co ltd
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Chaoyang Jiahua Electronics Co ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Chaoyang Jiahua Electronics Co ltd filed Critical Chaoyang Jiahua Electronics Co ltd
Priority to CN202210099250.XA priority Critical patent/CN114726020A/en
Publication of CN114726020A publication Critical patent/CN114726020A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of charge and discharge monitoring, in particular to an automatic charge and discharge device, which comprises a load, a charge and discharge unit, an electric storage unit and a hydrogen evolution sensor, wherein the charge and discharge unit is respectively connected with the load and a power supply, the electric storage unit is connected with the charge and discharge unit, and the hydrogen evolution sensor is respectively connected with the electric storage unit and the charge and discharge unit. The invention has a complete monitoring and guaranteeing system for the electric storage unit, the charging and discharging device can monitor the hydrogen concentration of the electric storage unit, when the hydrogen content of the cabin exceeds a set value, the charging and discharging device gives an alarm and stops charging the storage battery, and when the storage battery is in a charging state, the ventilator in the cabin is automatically started to ensure that the electric storage unit is at a proper working temperature.

Description

Automatic charging and discharging device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charge and discharge monitoring, in particular to an automatic charge and discharge device.
Background
In the ship industry at present, a charge and discharge board is necessary electrical equipment, and in the ship sailing process, if alternating current power supply is normal, a direct current 24V power supply is generated through voltage reduction and rectification and is used for equipment on a ship, and meanwhile, a storage battery is charged. Once the AC power supply fails, the storage battery is automatically switched on, and when the AC power supply is restored, the storage battery is automatically switched off.
The circuit of the charging and discharging plate is very important in the voltage reduction and rectification process of the marine charging and discharging plate, the charging and discharging plate is very frequently used, the control and monitoring of the working condition of a charging power supply are very important for a ship power distribution system, but even if workers detect the charging and discharging plate every day at present, the detection is not real-time, the diagnosis of the fault of the charging and discharging plate cannot be ensured, and the reliability of emergency power supply is low.
And at present, a special storage battery unit is generally configured to store a storage battery, the storage battery can generate hydrogen during daily operation and maintenance, if the hydrogen accumulation concentration is too high, explosion is easy to occur, but effective automatic monitoring equipment is absent in the storage battery unit at present, and hydrogen cannot be rapidly discharged when the hydrogen concentration is high, so that serious potential safety hazards exist in the storage battery unit.
Chinese utility model patent publication No. CN212726528U discloses a marine board and boats and ships distribution system of charging and discharging, wherein, marine board of charging and discharging includes: the charging device comprises a shell, a circuit board and a charger, wherein the circuit board is provided with a marine charging and discharging circuit.
Therefore, the charging and discharging board for the ship and the ship power distribution system have the following problems: the voltage and current conditions of the marine charge and discharge plate are not monitored in real time, the single loop in the charge and discharge plate is relied on, the service life of a circuit is shortened, and a complete monitoring and guaranteeing system for the electric storage unit is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an automatic charging and discharging device, which is used for solving the problem of low circuit use efficiency caused by the fact that the position of a fault actually generated in a circuit cannot be accurately judged according to the voltage and current conditions of corresponding parts in a charging and discharging circuit in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic charging and discharging device, comprising:
a load to receive electrical energy in the circuit;
the charging and discharging unit is connected with the power supply and is used for respectively transmitting the electric energy output by the power supply to the load and the electric power storage unit; the charging and discharging unit comprises a power supply module, a charging module and a main control board, wherein when the device runs, the main control board judges whether the power supply module and/or the charging module breaks down according to the running state of a corresponding component in the device, if the main control board judges that the power supply module breaks down, the main control board controls the power supply module to stop running and controls the charging module to supply power to a load, if the main control board judges that the charging module breaks down, the main control board controls the charging module to stop running and controls the power supply module to supply power to the load, and if the main control board judges that the power supply module and the charging module break down simultaneously, the main control board controls the power storage unit to supply power to the load;
the electric power storage unit is connected with the charge and discharge unit and used for storing electric energy output by the charge and discharge unit;
and the hydrogen evolution sensor is respectively connected with the power storage unit and the charging and discharging unit and used for detecting the hydrogen concentration in the device and uploading information to the main control board.
Further, the charge and discharge unit includes:
the power supply module is arranged between the load and the power supply and used for converting alternating current output by the power supply into direct current available for the load; a first contactor is arranged on a branch where the power supply module is located, the first contactor is located between the power supply module and the load, a second contactor is arranged on a branch where the charging module is located, the second contactor is located between the charging module and the load, the first contactor and the second contactor are both connected with the main control board, the first contactor and the second contactor are linked with each other, if the main control board controls the first contactor to be switched off, the second contactor is switched on, and if the main control board controls the first contactor to be switched on, the second contactor is switched off; a third contactor is arranged between the charging module and the second contactor;
the charging module is arranged between the load and the power supply and is connected with the power supply module in parallel, and is used for charging the electric power storage unit;
the main control board is externally connected to a trunk line between the power supply module and the load and used for respectively adjusting the operation parameters or the operation states of corresponding parts in the device to corresponding values according to the operation states of the corresponding parts in the device; the main control board is connected with the power supply module and the charging module through a communication line for communication;
the display is connected with the main control board and used for visually displaying the device operation data and the alarm information acquired by the main control board in an electronic screen mode, setting device operation parameters and controlling the device through the main control board;
the capacitor is arranged between the load and the main control board and used for supplying power to the main control board when the power supply module and/or the charging module fails, the capacitor discharges to supply power to the load when the main control board switches the opening and closing states of the first contactor, the second contactor and the third contactor, and the electric storage unit charges the capacitor when the main control board completes switching the opening and closing states of the contactors; and a second fuse is arranged between the capacitor and the main control board.
Furthermore, circuit protection devices are arranged at the input end and the output end of the power supply module, before the power supply module outputs direct current, the main control board controls a power supply microprocessor in the power supply module to perform feedback sampling on voltage and current and receive sampling results of the power supply microprocessor, and the main control board controls the power supply resonance controller through the power supply microprocessor so as to change a voltage conversion value of the power supply DC/DC converter; when the power supply transmits alternating current to the power supply module, the power supply module rectifies and filters the alternating current, converts the alternating current into direct current, adjusts the voltage of the direct current to a corresponding value through a power supply DC/DC converter in the power supply module, smoothes and filters the direct current after adjustment, and outputs the direct current of the corresponding voltage after smoothing and filtering;
the input end and the output end of the charging module are both provided with circuit protection devices, before the charging module outputs direct current, the main control panel controls a charging microprocessor in the charging module to perform feedback sampling on voltage and current and to charge and receive sampling results of the microprocessor, and the main control panel controls the charging resonant controller through the charging microprocessor to change a voltage conversion value of the charging DC/DC converter; when the power supply transmits the alternating current to the charging module, the charging module rectifies and filters the alternating current, converts the alternating current into direct current, adjusts the voltage of the direct current to a corresponding value through a charging DC/DC converter in the charging module, smoothes and filters the direct current after adjustment, and outputs the direct current of the corresponding voltage after smoothing and filtering.
Further, the main control board further comprises:
the first voltmeter is connected with the output end of the power supply module and used for detecting the voltage value of the output end of the power supply module;
the second voltmeter is connected with the output end of the charging module and used for detecting the voltage value of the output end of the charging module;
the main control board is internally provided with a preset voltage V0, when the device runs, the main control board controls the first voltmeter to detect the voltage value Va output by the power supply module and controls the second voltmeter to detect the voltage value Vb output by the charging module, the main control board respectively compares Va and Vb with V0 to judge whether the device runs normally according to the comparison result and preliminarily judges the position with a fault in the device when the judging device runs abnormally;
when the power supply module and the charging module are simultaneously operated,
if Va is V0 and Vb is V0, the main control board judges that the device operates normally,
if Va is V0 and Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device is abnormally operated, judges that a charging module is in fault and regulates the voltage output by the charging DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Vb is more than V0, the main control board controls the charging DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, if Vb is less than V0, the main control board controls the charging DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage,
if Va is not equal to V0 and Vb is equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device is abnormally operated, judges that a power supply module has a fault and regulates the voltage output by the power supply DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Va is more than V0, the main control board controls the power supply DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, if Va is less than V0, the main control board controls the power supply DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage,
if Va is not equal to V0 and Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device is abnormally operated, judges that both the power supply module and the charging module have faults, and compares Va and Vb to determine the specific fault position;
when the power supply module operates independently, if Va is equal to V0, the main control board judges that the device operates normally, and if Va is equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device operates abnormally, judges that the power supply module has a fault and adjusts the voltage output by the power supply DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Va is more than V0, the main control board controls the power supply DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, and if Va is less than V0, the main control board controls the power supply DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage;
when the charging module operates independently, if Vb is equal to V0, the main control board judges that the device operates normally, and if Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device operates abnormally, judges that the charging module has a fault and regulates the voltage output by the charging DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Vb is greater than V0, the main control board controls the charging DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, and if Vb is less than V0, the main control board controls the charging DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage.
Further, when the main control board completes the adjustment of the voltage output by the DC/DC converter of the power supply module, the main control board controls the first voltmeter to detect the adjusted voltage value Va 'output by the power supply module and transmits the measured data to the main control board, and the main control board compares Va' with V0 and determines whether the power supply rectifier filter, the power supply DC/DC converter and the power supply smoothing filter operate normally according to the comparison result;
if Va' ≠ V0, the main control board judges the faults of the power supply rectifying filter, the power supply DC/DC converter and the power supply smoothing filter and warns through a prompting lamp;
if Va' is V0, the main control board judges that the power supply rectifier filter, the power supply DC/DC converter and the power supply smoothing filter operate normally, and other components in the power supply module have faults and warn through a warning light, wherein the reasons of the faults include the fault of the power supply microprocessor in the power supply module, the fault of the communication connection between the power supply microprocessor and the main control board, and the fault of the power supply resonance controller in the power supply module;
when the main control board finishes adjusting the voltage output by the DC/DC converter of the charging module, the main control board controls the first voltmeter to detect the adjusted voltage value Vb 'output by the charging module and transmits the measured data to the main control board, and the main control board compares the Vb' with the V0 and judges whether the charging rectifying filter, the charging DC/DC converter and the charging smoothing filter operate normally according to the comparison result;
if Vb' ≠ V0, the main control board judges the charging rectifying filter fault, the charging DC/DC converter fault and the charging smoothing filter fault and warns through a prompting lamp;
if Vb' is equal to V0, the main control board determines that the charging rectifier filter, the charging DC/DC converter, and the charging smoothing filter are operating normally, and other components in the charging module have faults and warn through a warning light, where the reasons for the faults include a fault of the charging microprocessor in the charging module, a fault of a communication connection between the charging microprocessor and the main control board, and a fault of the charging resonance controller in the charging module;
further, a preset voltage difference value delta V0 is arranged in the main control board, when Va is not equal to V0 and Vb is not equal to V0, and the main control board preliminarily judges that the device abnormally operates and judges that the power supply module and the charging module both have faults, the main control board calculates the voltage difference value delta V of the power supply module and the charging module to determine a specific fault position, and the delta V is set to be | Va-Vb |;
if the voltage delta V is less than or equal to the voltage delta V0, the main control board judges that the voltage difference value of the power supply module and the charging module is within an allowable error range, judges that the alternating current voltage provided by the power supply is abnormal, and simultaneously warns the voltage fault of the power supply through a prompting lamp;
if DeltaV > DeltaV 0, the main control board preliminarily judges the power supply module and/or the charging module to be in fault and compares the currents of the power supply module and the charging module to further investigate the components in the power supply module and the charging module.
Further, the main control board further comprises:
the first ammeter is connected with the output end of the power supply module and used for detecting the current value of the power supply module;
the second ammeter is connected with the output end of the charging module and used for detecting the current value of the charging module;
when the device runs, the main control board controls the first ammeter to detect a current value Ia output by the power supply module and controls the second ammeter to detect a current value Ib output by the charging module and transmits measured data to the main control board, and the main control board judges whether the device runs normally according to comparison results and preliminarily judges the position of a fault in the device when the judging device runs abnormally;
when Ia (Ib) is required, the main control board judges that the device is abnormally operated and the power supply module or the charging module is in fault, compares delta V0a with delta V0b to further judge a faulty electronic element, calculates the voltage difference delta V0a between the power supply module and the preset voltage, sets delta V0a to | V0-Va |, calculates the voltage difference delta V0b between the charging module and the preset voltage, sets delta V0b to | V0-Vb |, and judges the fault of the power supply module and the fault of the resistance element in the power supply module if delta V0a is less than delta V0b, the main control board alarms the fault of the resistance element through a prompting lamp, if delta V0a is greater than delta V0b, the main control board judges the fault of the charging module and judges the fault of the resistance element in the charging module, and prompts the fault of the resistance element by the prompting lamp, if delta V0V a is greater than the power supply module, judges the fault of the charging module and judges the power supply module and the fault of the main control board b, Judging that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are both in fault, and warning the fault of the resistance elements by the main control board through a warning lamp;
when Ia is larger than Ib, if Va is larger than Vb, the main control board judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are not damaged and judges that a line in the device is in fault, and the main control board warns the line fault through a prompting lamp; if Va is less than Vb, the main control board judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are both in fault, and the main control board alarms the fault of the resistance elements through a prompting lamp;
when Ia is less than Ib, if Va is greater than Vb, the main control board judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are both in fault, and the main control board alarms the fault of the resistance elements through a prompting lamp; if Va is less than Vb, the main control board judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are not damaged and judges that a line in the device has a fault, and the main control board warns the line fault through a prompting lamp.
Further, when battery power storage is sufficient, the main control board is through adjusting the on-off state of first contactor, second contactor and third contactor so that power module and charging module supply power in turn, is equipped with power module duty cycle Fa and charging module duty cycle Fb in the main control board, works as the main control board control when power module supplies power alone, the main control board control first contactor closure, second contactor disconnection, third contactor disconnection so that power module supplies power alone to the part in the device, works as when power module's independent power supply total duration reaches Fa, the main control board switches over the on-off state of first contactor, second contactor and third contactor in proper order so that charging module supplies power alone to the part in the device, works as when charging module's independent power supply total duration reaches Fb, the main control board switches over first contactor in proper order, The opening and closing states of the second contactor and the third contactor enable the power supply module to independently supply power to components in the device;
the device comprises a main control board and a charging module, wherein the main control board is internally provided with a period ratio alpha, alpha is set to be Fa/Fb, the main control board adjusts the ratio alpha of Fa to Fb according to the running state and the fault frequency of the power supply module and the charging module when the device runs, when the fault frequency of the power supply module is higher than the fault frequency of the charging module, the main control board adjusts the period ratio alpha to reduce the use frequency of the power supply module, when the fault frequency of the charging module is higher than the fault frequency of the power supply module, the main control board adjusts the period ratio alpha to reduce the use frequency of the charging module, and when the fault frequencies of the power supply module and the charging module are the same, the main control board enables the use frequencies of the power supply module and the charging module to be equal by controlling the period ratio alpha.
Further, when the device is operated, the main control board calculates a difference value Δ Vab between the voltage of the power supply module and a preset voltage value Δ V0a and between the voltage of the charging module and a preset voltage value Δ V0b, sets Δ Vab | Δ V0a- Δ V0b |, and is further provided with a first preset voltage difference value Δ Vab1, a second preset voltage difference value Δ Vab2, a first preset period ratio α 1, a second preset period ratio α 2 and a third preset period ratio α 3, wherein Δ Vab1 is less than Δ Vab2, and α 1 < α 2 < α 3 < 1.5;
when delta V0a is less than delta V0b, the main control board increases the use frequency of the power supply module, if delta Vab is less than or equal to delta Vab1, the main control board sets the period ratio to be alpha 1, if delta Vab1 is less than or equal to delta Vab2, the main control board sets the period ratio to be alpha 2, and if delta Vab is greater than delta Vab2, the main control board sets the period ratio to be alpha 3;
when Δ V0a >/Δ V0b, the main control board sets the cycle ratio to 1;
when delta V0a is greater than delta V0b, the main control board increases the use frequency of the charging module, if delta Vab is less than or equal to delta Vab1, the main control board sets the period ratio to 1/alpha 1, if delta Vab1 is less than or equal to delta Vab2, the main control board sets the period ratio to 1/alpha 2, and if delta Vab is greater than delta Vab2, the main control board sets the period ratio to 1/alpha 3.
Further, the storage unit comprises a storage battery, a thermometer and an in-cabin ventilator, the storage battery is used for storing electric energy, and the in-cabin ventilator is used for ventilating and cooling the storage battery chamber; the main control board is connected with the cabin ventilator and used for controlling the cabin ventilator to be started and closed, the main control board is also connected with the thermometer, when the temperature measured by the thermometer exceeds a preset upper temperature limit or the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen evolution sensor exceeds a preset upper hydrogen concentration limit, the main control board controls the cabin ventilator to be started, and when the temperature measured by the thermometer is reduced to a preset lower temperature limit or the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen evolution sensor is reduced to a preset lower hydrogen concentration limit, the main control board controls the cabin ventilator to be closed;
and an interlocking contact is arranged on the cabin ventilator and is connected with the storage battery, and when the storage battery is in a charging state, the interlocking contact controls the cabin ventilator to be automatically started.
Compared with the prior art, the marine charging and discharging unit has the advantages that the voltage, current and resistance conditions of the marine charging and discharging unit are monitored in real time, when a circuit fails, a sound-light alarm can be given out, the charging and discharging unit is provided with two paths of rectifier modules, when a load is supplied with power, if a power supply module fails, the charging module is automatically connected with the electric storage unit in parallel to supply power to the load, if the power supply module and the charging module simultaneously fail, the electric storage unit supplies power to the load and sends out sound-light alarm signals, the power supply is not interrupted in the conversion process, the two loops are alternately used, and the service life of the circuit is prolonged. The invention has a complete monitoring and guaranteeing system for the electric storage unit, the charging and discharging device can monitor the hydrogen concentration of the electric storage unit, when the hydrogen content of the cabin exceeds a set value, the charging and discharging device gives an alarm and stops charging the storage battery, and when the storage battery is in a charging state, the interlocking contact can automatically start the ventilator in the cabin so as to ensure that the electric storage unit is at a proper working temperature.
Furthermore, if the main control board judges that the power supply module has a fault, the main control board controls the power supply module to stop running and controls the charging module to supply power to the load, if the main control board judges that the charging module has a fault, the main control board controls the charging module to stop running and controls the power supply module to supply power to the load, and if the main control board judges that the power supply module and the charging module have faults simultaneously, the main control board controls the power storage unit to supply power to the load.
Furthermore, the hydrogen evolution sensor is arranged, the hydrogen concentration in the device is detected in real time through the hydrogen evolution sensor, the hydrogen concentration is monitored through the central control panel, an alarm is sent out in time when the hydrogen concentration is abnormal, the hydrogen leakage is found in time at the initial stage, the cabin is prevented from exploding or generating fire, and the operation safety of the cabin is improved. The hydrogen evolution sensor provided by the invention is an explosion-proof hydrogen evolution sensor, the output and control of hydrogen concentration signals are realized through the explosion-proof hydrogen evolution sensor, the working state of each sensor and components is automatically detected when the explosion-proof hydrogen evolution sensor is started, and the explosion-proof hydrogen evolution sensor has an automatic protection function of preventing high-concentration gas impact, has the functions of factory setting recovery and misoperation prevention, has an independent gas chamber structure, is convenient to replace and does not need to be calibrated on site.
Furthermore, the first contactor, the second contactor and the third contactor are controlled by the main control board in a unified mode, so that the fast switching of the circuit flow direction is achieved, the switching speed is increased by the linkage mechanism of the first contactor and the second contactor, the working efficiency of the device is further improved, and the reliable guarantee is provided for the safe operation of the cabin.
Furthermore, the charging and discharging unit is internally provided with the capacitor, and the power supply device supplies power to the main control board for controlling the first contactor, the second contactor and the third section of contactors through the capacitor when the power supply module and/or the charging module fails, and supplies power to the load through the capacitor discharging in the switching process, so that equipment in the device is operated uninterruptedly, the safety of the equipment is further improved, and reliable logistics guarantee is provided for the operation of a ship.
Further, an in-cabin ventilator, a thermometer and a hydrogen evolution sensor are arranged in the electric power storage unit, when the temperature measured by the thermometer exceeds a preset upper temperature limit or the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen evolution sensor exceeds a preset upper hydrogen concentration limit, the main control panel is started by controlling the in-cabin ventilator, and when the temperature measured by the thermometer is reduced to a preset lower temperature limit or the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen evolution sensor is reduced to a preset lower hydrogen concentration limit, the main control panel is stopped by controlling the in-cabin ventilator; the indoor ventilator is characterized in that an interlocking contact is arranged on the indoor ventilator and connected with the storage battery, and when the storage battery is in a charging state, the interlocking contact controls the automatic opening of the indoor ventilator, so that the safety and the usability of the device are further improved, and a reliable logistics guarantee is provided for the operation of the ship.
Furthermore, a charging and discharging unit in the device is provided with a complete fault self-testing system, the running state of the device, the module running parameters and the device fault information are fed back to the display in time through the main control panel, and the equipment running parameters can be manually adjusted through the display, so that powerful guarantee is provided for safe running of the cabin, the requirements on the experience and the technology of workers are reduced, and the operability of the ship in the running process is further improved.
Furthermore, in the prior art, only one rectifying module is used for converting and reducing the current or frequently using the power supply module to supply power to equipment, the service durations of the power supply module and the charging module are periodically alternated through the main control board, so that the power supply module and the charging module supply power to the equipment in turn, the power supply module and the charging module take a rest in turn to reduce the fault rate of rectifying elements in the power supply module and the charging module, the rectifying efficiency of a charging and discharging unit is improved, the integral use efficiency of the device is further improved, and reliable logistics guarantee is provided for the operation of a ship.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic charging and discharging device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system flow diagram of the power module of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a system flowchart of the charging module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, a block diagram of an automatic charging and discharging device according to the present invention is shown, in which the automatic charging and discharging device includes:
a load 1 for receiving electrical energy in an electrical circuit; a second current divider 10 and a third circuit breaker 11 are arranged between the load 1 and the charging and discharging unit;
the charging and discharging unit 3 is connected with the power supply 6 and is used for respectively transmitting the electric energy output by the power supply 6 to the load 1 and the electric storage unit 2; the charging and discharging unit 3 comprises a power supply module 31, a charging module 32 and a main control board 34, when the main control board 34 operates, whether the power supply module 31 and/or the charging module 32 has a fault is judged according to the operation state of corresponding components in the device, if the main control board 34 judges that the power supply module 31 has a fault, the main control board 34 controls the power supply module 31 to stop operating and controls the charging module 32 to supply power to the load 1, if the main control board 34 judges that the charging module 32 has a fault, the main control board 34 controls the charging module 32 to stop operating and controls the power supply module 31 to supply power to the load 1, and if the main control board 34 judges that the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 have a fault at the same time, the main control board 34 controls the power storage unit 2 to supply power to the load 1; a first breaker 7 and a first filter 8 are arranged between the charging and discharging unit 3 and the power supply 6;
the electric storage unit 2 is connected with the charge and discharge unit 3 and used for storing electric energy output by the charge and discharge unit 3;
a hydrogen evolution sensor 4 connected to the power storage unit 2 and the charge and discharge unit 3, respectively, for detecting a hydrogen concentration in the device and uploading information to the main control board 34;
and the emergency lighting device 5 is connected with the charging and discharging unit 3 and used for providing emergency lighting when the charging and discharging unit 3 loses power and outputting an emergency discharging indication signal to the charging and discharging unit 3, and a fourth circuit breaker 52 and a third fuse 51 are arranged between the emergency lighting device 5 and the charging and discharging unit 3.
During the navigation of the ship, if the alternating current power supply is normal, the power is supplied to a load 1 on the ship through the charging and discharging unit 3, meanwhile, the charging and discharging unit 3 charges the power storage unit 2, once the alternating current power supply fails, the power supply of the power storage unit 2 is automatically switched on, the emergency lighting device 5 is switched on to provide lighting, and when the alternating current power supply is recovered, the power storage unit 2 is automatically switched off. Meanwhile, the hydrogen evolution sensor 4 monitors the hydrogen concentration in the cabin, and if the hydrogen accumulation concentration is too high, the alarm is given in time through the main control board 34
When the device runs, if the main control board 34 judges that the power supply module 31 has a fault, the main control board 34 controls the power supply module 31 to stop running and controls the charging module 32 to supply power to the load, if the main control board 34 judges that the charging module 32 has a fault, the main control board 34 controls the charging module 32 to stop running and controls the power supply module 31 to supply power to the load 1, if the main control board 34 judges that the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 have faults simultaneously, the main control board 34 controls the power storage unit 2 to supply power to the load 1, and the main control board 34 in the charging and discharging unit 3 is respectively connected with the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 through communication lines, so that the function of the main control board 34 automatic intelligent control device is realized, the fault tolerance rate of the cabin with faults is improved, and the situation that the cabin runs and stops due to circuit faults is reduced.
According to the invention, the hydrogen concentration in the device is detected in real time by the hydrogen evolution sensor 4, the hydrogen concentration is monitored by the main control board 34, an alarm is given in time when the hydrogen concentration is abnormal, the hydrogen leakage is found in time at the initial stage, the explosion or fire of the cabin is avoided, and the operation safety of the device is improved. The hydrogen evolution sensor 4 provided by the invention is an explosion-proof hydrogen evolution sensor, the output and control of a hydrogen concentration signal are realized through the explosion-proof hydrogen evolution sensor, the working state of each sensor and components is automatically detected when the explosion-proof hydrogen evolution sensor is started, the automatic protection function of preventing high-concentration gas impact is realized, the factory setting is restored, the misoperation is prevented, an independent gas chamber structure is provided, the sensor is convenient to replace, and the field calibration is not needed;
specifically, the charge/discharge unit 3 includes:
the power supply module 31 is arranged between the load 1 and the power supply 6 and is used for converting alternating current output by the power supply 6 into direct current usable by the load 1; a first contactor 311 is arranged on a branch where the power supply module 31 is located, the first contactor 311 is located between the power supply module 31 and the load 1, a second contactor 322 is arranged on a branch where the charging module 32 is located, the second contactor 322 is located between the charging module 32 and the load 1, the first contactor 311 and the second contactor 322 are both connected with the main control board 34, the first contactor 311 and the second contactor 322 are linked with each other, if the main control board 34 controls the first contactor 311 to be opened, the second contactor 322 is closed, and if the main control board 34 controls the first contactor 311 to be closed, the second contactor 322 is opened; a third contactor 321 is further arranged between the charging module 32 and the second contactor 322;
the charging module 32 is arranged between the load 1 and the power supply 6, and the charging module 32 is arranged in parallel with the power supply module 31 to charge the power storage unit 2;
the main control board 34 is externally connected to a trunk between the power supply module 31 and the load 1, and is used for adjusting the operation parameters or the operation states of corresponding components in the device to corresponding values according to the operation states of the corresponding components in the device; the main control board 34 is further connected to the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 through communication lines for communication; a DC/DC module 341, a second circuit breaker 342 and a second filter 343 are disposed between the main control board 34 and the power supply module 31;
the display 33 is connected with the main control board 34 and used for visually displaying the device operation data and alarm information and the like acquired by the main control board 34 in an electronic screen mode, setting device operation parameters and controlling the device through the main control board 34;
a capacitor 35 disposed between the load 1 and the main control board 34, for supplying power to the main control board 34 when the power supply module 31 and/or the charging module 32 fails, wherein when the main control board 34 switches the open/closed states of the first contactor 311, the second contactor 322, and the third contactor 321, the capacitor 35 is discharged to supply power to the load 1, and when the main control board 34 completes the switching of the open/closed states of the contactors, the capacitor 35 is charged by the power storage unit; a second fuse 351 is disposed between the capacitor 35 and the main control board 34. The capacitor 35 is arranged to ensure that equipment in the device can operate uninterruptedly, so that the safety of the device is further improved, and reliable logistics guarantee is provided for the operation of the ship.
The power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 provide a direct-current power supply to supply power to the load 1, the main control board 34 collects and controls the voltage and the current of the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32, the output parameters of the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 are controlled through a communication line after analysis processing is carried out, the power storage unit 2 is charged or the load 1 is supplied with power through a contactor in the control device, the charging power supply loop is switched on and off, and the situations of overcurrent, short circuit and the like are protected.
According to the invention, the main control board 34 is used for uniformly controlling the first contactor 311, the second contactor 322 and the third contactor 321 so as to realize the rapid switching of the circuit flow direction, and the linkage mechanism of the first contactor 311 and the second contactor 322 accelerates the switching speed, so that the working efficiency of the device is further improved, and the reliable guarantee is provided for the safe operation of a ship.
Referring to fig. 2, which is a system flow chart of the power supply module of the present invention, a circuit protection device is disposed at both an input end and an output end of the power supply module 31, before the power supply module 31 outputs a direct current, the main control board 34 controls a power supply microprocessor in the power supply module 31 to perform feedback sampling on a voltage and a current and receive a sampling result of the power supply microprocessor, and the main control board 34 controls a power supply resonance controller through the power supply microprocessor to change a voltage conversion value of the power supply DC/DC converter; when the power supply 6 transmits the alternating current to the power supply module 31, the power supply module 31 rectifies and filters the alternating current, converts the alternating current into direct current, adjusts the voltage of the direct current to a corresponding value through a power supply DC/DC converter in the power supply module 31, smoothes and filters the direct current after adjustment, and outputs the direct current of the corresponding voltage after smoothing and filtering;
referring to fig. 3, which is a system flow chart of the charging module according to the present invention, the input end and the output end of the charging module 32 are both provided with a circuit protection device, before the charging module 32 outputs a direct current, the main control board 34 controls the charging microprocessor in the charging module 32 to perform feedback sampling on the voltage and the current and to charge the sampled result of the charging microprocessor, and the main control board 34 controls the charging resonant controller through the charging microprocessor to change the voltage conversion value of the charging DC/DC converter; when the power supply 6 transmits the alternating current to the charging module 32, the charging module 32 rectifies and filters the alternating current, converts the alternating current into direct current, adjusts the voltage of the direct current to a corresponding value through a charging DC/DC converter in the charging module 32, smoothes and filters the direct current after adjustment, and outputs the direct current of the corresponding voltage after smoothing and filtering;
the output voltage of the power supply module 31 or the charging module 32 is adjustable, the adjusting range is 24-30V, a fixed output voltage value can be set through the main control board 34, and over-temperature protectors are arranged in the power supply module and the charging module and used for uploading alarm information such as power supply voltage, current and module fault types to the display 33; the display 33 is provided with an indicator light for indicating the power state, working state and fault state of the module, so as to display the faults of overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, overheating of the module and the like of the input power of the charge-discharge module.
The electric storage unit 2 comprises a storage battery 21, a thermometer and an in-cabin ventilator 22, the storage battery 21 is used for storing electric energy, and the in-cabin ventilator 22 is used for ventilating and cooling the storage battery chamber 2; the main control board 34 is connected with the cabin ventilator 22 and used for controlling the opening and closing of the cabin ventilator 22, the main control board 34 is also connected with a thermometer, when the temperature measured by the thermometer exceeds a preset upper temperature limit or the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen evolution sensor 4 exceeds a preset upper hydrogen concentration limit, the main control board 34 is opened by controlling the cabin ventilator 22, and when the temperature measured by the thermometer is reduced to a preset lower temperature limit or the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen evolution sensor 4 is reduced to a preset lower hydrogen concentration limit, the main control board 34 is closed by controlling the cabin ventilator 22;
the cabin ventilator 22 is provided with an interlocking contact which is connected with the storage battery 21, and when the storage battery 21 is in a charging state, the interlocking contact controls the cabin ventilator 22 to be automatically started;
a first shunt 23 and a first fuse 24 are provided between the battery 21 and the charge and discharge unit 3.
As shown in fig. 1, when the storage battery 21 has insufficient storage capacity, the main control board 34 controls the first contactor 311 to close, the second contactor 322 to open, and the third contactor 321 to close, after the ac power flows out from the power supply 6, enters a parallel circuit after passing through a first breaker 7 and a first filter 8, passes through a power supply module 32 and a first contactor 311 of a first rectifying circuit, the main control board 34 is powered after passing through the DC/DC module 341, the second breaker 342 and the second filter 343, the capacitor 35 is supplied with power through the second fuse 351, the load 1 is supplied with power after passing through the second shunt 10 and the third breaker 11, the emergency lighting device 5 is charged after passing through the fourth breaker 52 and the third fuse 51, meanwhile, after passing through the charging module 32 and the third contactor 321 of the second rectifying circuit, the battery 21 is charged after passing through the first shunt 23 and the first fuse 24;
when the storage battery 21 is fully charged with electricity,
the main control board 34 controls the first contactor 311 to be closed, the second contactor 322 to be opened and the third contactor 321 to be opened, the alternating current flows out of the 220V power supply 6, enters the parallel circuit after passing through the first breaker 7 and the first filter 8, passes through the power supply module 31 and the first contactor 311, supplies power to the main control board 34 after passing through the DC/DC module 341, the second breaker 342 and the second filter 343, supplies power to the capacitor 35 through the second fuse 351, supplies power to the load 1 after passing through the second shunt 10 and the third breaker 11, and charges the emergency lighting device 5 after passing through the fourth breaker 52 and the third fuse 51;
the main control board 34 controls the first contactor 311 to be opened, the second contactor 322 to be closed and the third contactor 321 to be closed, the alternating current flows out of the 220V power supply 6, enters the parallel circuit after passing through the first breaker 7 and the first filter 8, passes through the charging module 32, the second contactor 322 and the third contactor 321, supplies power to the main control board 34 after passing through the DC/DC module 341, the second breaker 342 and the second filter 343, supplies power to the capacitor 35 through the second fuse 351, supplies power to the load 1 through the second shunt 10 and the third breaker 11, and charges the emergency lighting device 5 through the fourth breaker 52 and the third fuse 51;
when the power supply 6 is powered off, the storage battery 21 supplies power to the load 1, the capacitor 35 supplies power to the main control board 34, the main control board 34 controls the first contactor 311 to be disconnected, the second contactor 322 to be closed and the third contactor 321 to be disconnected, after the alternating current flows out of the storage battery 21, the alternating current passes through the first fuse 24, the first shunt 23 and the second contactor 322, the alternating current passes through the DC/DC module 341, the second circuit breaker 342 and the second filter 343 and then supplies power to the main control board 34, the second fuse 351 supplies power to the capacitor 35, the alternating current passes through the second shunt 10 and the third circuit breaker 11 and then supplies power to the load 1, and meanwhile, the emergency lighting device 5 provides emergency lighting for the ship.
The main control board 34 further includes:
a first voltmeter connected to the output end of the power supply module 31 for detecting the voltage value at the output end of the power supply module 31
A second voltmeter connected to the output terminal of the charging module 32 for detecting the voltage value at the output terminal of the charging module 32
A preset voltage V0 is set in the main control board 34, when the device is in operation, the first voltmeter detects a voltage value Va output by the power supply module 31 and transmits the detected data to the main control board 34, meanwhile, the second voltmeter detects a voltage value Vb output by the charging module 32 and transmits the detected data to the main control board 34, and the main control board 34 respectively compares Va and Vb with V0 to determine whether the device is in normal operation according to the comparison result and preliminarily determines the position of the device with a fault when the determination device is in abnormal operation;
when the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 operate simultaneously,
if Va is V0 and Vb is V0, the main control board 34 determines that the device is operating normally,
if Va is equal to V0 and Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board 34 preliminarily determines that the device is not operating normally, determines that the charging module 32 is in a fault state, and adjusts the voltage output by the charging DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Vb > V0, the main control board 34 controls the charging DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, if Vb < V0, the main control board 34 controls the charging DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage,
if Va ≠ V0 and Vb ═ V0, the main control board 34 preliminarily determines that the device is abnormally operated, determines that the power supply module 31 is in fault, and regulates the voltage output by the power supply DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Va is more than V0, the main control board 34 controls the power supply DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, if Va is less than V0, the main control board 34 controls the power supply DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage,
if Va ≠ V0 and Vb ≠ V0, the main control board 34 preliminarily determines that the device is abnormally operated, determines that both the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 have faults, and compares Va and Vb to determine the specific fault position;
when the power supply module 31 operates alone, if Va ≠ V0, the main control board 34 determines that the device operates normally, and if Va ≠ V0, the main control board 34 primarily determines that the device operates abnormally, determines that the power supply module 31 has a fault, and adjusts the voltage output by the power supply DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Va is more than V0, the main control board 34 controls the power supply DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, and if Va is less than V0, the main control board 34 controls the power supply DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage;
when the charging module 32 operates alone, if Vb is equal to V0, the main control board 34 determines that the device operates normally, and if Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board 34 preliminarily determines that the device operates abnormally, determines that the charging module 32 has a fault, and adjusts the voltage output by the charging DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Vb > V0, the main control board 34 controls the charging DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, and if Vb < V0, the main control board 34 controls the charging DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage.
When the main control board 34 completes the adjustment of the voltage output by the DC/DC converter of the power supply module 31, the main control board 34 controls the first voltmeter to detect the adjusted voltage value Va 'output by the power supply module 31 and transmits the measured data to the main control board 34, and the main control board 34 compares Va' with V0 and determines whether the power supply rectifying filter, the power supply DC/DC converter and the power supply smoothing filter operate normally according to the comparison result;
if Va' ≠ V0, the main control board 34 judges the power supply rectifier filter fault, the power supply DC/DC converter fault and the power supply smoothing filter fault and warns through a warning lamp;
if Va' is V0, the main control board 34 determines that the power supply rectification filter, the power supply DC/DC converter, and the power supply smoothing filter operate normally, and other components in the power supply module 31 have faults, and warns through a warning light, where the reasons of the faults include a fault of the power supply microprocessor in the power supply module 31, a fault of a communication connection between the power supply microprocessor and the main control board 34, and a fault of the power supply resonance controller in the power supply module 31;
when the main control board 34 completes the adjustment of the voltage output by the DC/DC converter of the charging module 32, the main control board 34 controls the first voltmeter to detect the adjusted voltage value Vb 'output by the charging module 32 and transmit the measured data to the main control board 34, and the main control board 34 compares Vb' with V0 and determines whether the charging rectifying filter, the charging DC/DC converter and the charging smoothing filter operate normally according to the comparison result;
if Vb' ≠ V0, the main control board 34 judges the charging rectifying filter fault, the charging DC/DC converter fault and the charging smoothing filter fault and warns through a prompting lamp;
if Vb' is V0, the main control board 34 determines that the charging rectifier filter, the charging DC/DC converter, and the charging smoothing filter are operating normally, and other components in the charging module 32 have faults, and warns through a warning light, where the reasons of the faults include a fault of the charging microprocessor in the charging module 32, a fault of a communication connection between the charging microprocessor and the main control board 34, and a fault of the charging resonance controller in the charging module 32;
the main control board 34 is provided with a preset voltage difference value delta V0, when Va is not equal to V0 and Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board 34 preliminarily judges that the device abnormally operates and judges that both the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 have faults, the main control board 34 calculates the voltage difference value delta V of the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 to determine the specific fault position, and the voltage difference value delta V is set to be | Va-Vb |;
if the voltage delta V is less than or equal to the voltage delta V0, the main control board 34 judges that the voltage difference value between the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 is within an allowable error range, judges that the alternating current voltage provided by the power supply is abnormal, and simultaneously warns the power supply voltage fault through a warning lamp by the main control board 34;
if Δ V > [ Δ V0 ], the main control board 34 preliminarily determines that the power supply module 31 and/or the charging module 32 are faulty and compares the currents of the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 to further investigate the components in the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32.
The main control board 34 further includes:
the first ammeter is connected with the output end of the power supply module 31 and used for detecting the current value of the power supply module 31;
the second ammeter is connected with the output end of the charging module 32 and used for detecting the current value of the charging module 32;
when the device is operated, the main control board 34 controls the first ammeter to detect the current value Ia output by the power supply module 31 and controls the second ammeter to detect the current value Ib output by the charging module 32, and transmits the detected data to the main control board 34, and the main control board 34 determines whether the device is operated normally according to the comparison result and preliminarily determines the position of the device where a fault occurs when the determination device is operated abnormally;
when Ia is Ib, the main control board 34 determines that the device is abnormally operated, the power supply module 31 or the charging module 32 has a fault, and compares Δ V0a with Δ V0b to further determine the faulty electronic component, the main control board 34 calculates a difference Δ V0a between the voltage of the power supply module 31 and a preset voltage, sets Δ V0a to | V0 to Va |, the main control board 34 calculates a difference Δ V0b between the voltage of the charging module 32 and the preset voltage, sets Δ V0b to | V0 to Vb |, if Δ V0a is less than Δ V0b, the main control board 34 determines that the power supply module 31 has a fault and determines that the resistive element in the power supply module 31 has a fault, the main control board 34 warns the resistive element fault by a warning lamp, if Δ V0a is greater than Δ V0 to Δ b, the main control board 34 determines that the charging Δ module 32 has a fault and determines that the resistive element in the charging module 32 has a fault, and prompts the resistive element 7370 and the warning lamp 34 by a warning resistor 7370, the main control board 34 judges that both the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 have faults and judges that both the resistance elements in the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 have faults, and the main control board 34 warns the faults of the resistance elements through a warning light;
when Ia is greater than Ib, if Va is greater than Vb, the main control board 34 determines that the resistive elements in the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 are not damaged, and determines that a line in the device has a fault, and the main control board 34 warns the line fault through a warning light; if Va is less than Vb, the main control board 34 determines that the resistive elements in the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 both have faults, and the main control board 34 warns the fault of the resistive elements through a warning light;
when Ia is less than Ib, if Va is greater than Vb, the main control board 34 judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 are both in fault, and the main control board 34 warns the fault of the resistance elements through a prompting lamp; if Va is less than Vb, the main control board 34 determines that the resistance elements in the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 are not damaged, and determines that a line in the device has a fault, and the main control board 34 warns the line fault through a warning light.
When battery 21 reserve of electricity is sufficient, main control board 34 is through adjusting the on-off state of first contactor, second contactor and third contactor so that power module 31 and charging module 32 supply power in turn, is equipped with power module 31 duty cycle Fa and charging module 32 duty cycle Fb in the main control board 34, works as main control board 34 control when power module 31 carries out independent power supply, main control board 34 controls first contactor 311 closure, second contactor 322 disconnection, third contactor 321 disconnection so that power module 31 carries out independent power supply to the part in the device, when the total length of independent power supply of power module 31 reaches Fa, main control board 34 switches the on-off state of first contactor 311, second contactor 322 and third contactor 321 in proper order so that charging module 32 carries out independent power supply to the part in the device, works as when the total length of independent power supply of charging module 32 reaches Fb, the main control board 34 sequentially switches the open/close states of the first contactor 311, the second contactor 322, and the third contactor 321 to enable the power supply module 31 to independently supply power to the components in the device;
the main control board 34 is provided with a period ratio α, α is set to Fa/Fb, the main control board 34 adjusts the ratio α between Fa and Fb according to the running state and the fault frequency of the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 when the device runs, when the fault frequency of the power supply module 31 is higher than the fault frequency of the charging module 32, the main control board 34 adjusts the period ratio α to reduce the use frequency of the power supply module 31, when the fault frequency of the charging module 32 is higher than the fault frequency of the power supply module 31, the main control board 34 adjusts the period ratio α to reduce the use frequency of the charging module 32, and when the fault frequencies of the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 are the same, the main control board 34 controls the period ratio α to enable the use frequencies of the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 to be equal;
when the device is operated, the main control board 34 calculates a difference value Δ V0a between the voltage of the power supply module and the preset voltage and a difference value Δ Vab between the voltage of the charging module and the preset voltage, Δ V0b, and sets Δ Vab | Δ V0a- Δ V0b |, and the main control board 34 is further provided with a first preset voltage difference value Δ Vab1, a second preset voltage difference value Δ Vab2, a first preset period ratio α 1, a second preset period ratio α 2, and a third preset period ratio α 3, wherein Δ Vab1 is smaller than Δ Vab2, and α 1 < α 2 < α 3 < 1.5;
when Δ V0a is less than Δ V0b, the main control board 34 increases the frequency of the power supply module 31, if Δ Vab is less than or equal to Δ Vab1, the main control board 34 sets the period ratio to α 1, if Δ Vab1 is less than or equal to Δ Vab2, the main control board 34 sets the period ratio to α 2, if Δ Vab is greater than Δ Vab2, the main control board 34 sets the period ratio to α 3;
when Δ V0a >/Δ V0b, the main control board 34 sets the cycle ratio to 1;
when Δ V0a > - Δ V0b, the main control board 34 increases the frequency of the charging module 32, if Δ Vab ≦ Δ Vab1, the main control board 34 sets the period ratio to 1/α 1, if Δ Vab1 ≦ Δ Vab2, the main control board 34 sets the period ratio to 1/α 2, and if Δ Vab ≦ Δ Vab2, the main control board 34 sets the period ratio to 1/α 3.
In the prior art, only one rectifying module is used for converting and reducing the current or frequently using the power supply module 31 to supply power to equipment, the service durations of the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 are periodically alternated through the main control board 34, so that the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 supply power to the equipment in turn, the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32 take a rest in turn to reduce the failure rate of rectifying elements in the power supply module 31 and the charging module 32, the rectifying efficiency of a charging and discharging unit is improved, the use efficiency of the whole device is further improved, and reliable logistics are provided for the operation of a ship.
The charging and discharging unit in the device is provided with a complete fault self-testing system, the running state of the device, the module running parameters and the device fault information are fed back to the display in time through the main control board 34, and the equipment running parameters can be manually adjusted through the display, so that powerful guarantee is provided for safe running of a cabin, the requirements on the experience and the technology of workers are reduced, and the operability of the ship in the running process is further improved.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic charge and discharge device, characterized by comprising:
a load to receive electrical energy in the circuit;
the charging and discharging unit is connected with the power supply and is used for respectively transmitting the electric energy output by the power supply to the load and the electric power storage unit; the charging and discharging unit comprises a power supply module, a charging module and a main control board, wherein when the device runs, the main control board judges whether the power supply module and/or the charging module breaks down according to the running state of a corresponding component in the device, if the main control board judges that the power supply module breaks down, the main control board controls the power supply module to stop running and controls the charging module to supply power to a load, if the main control board judges that the charging module breaks down, the main control board controls the charging module to stop running and controls the power supply module to supply power to the load, and if the main control board judges that the power supply module and the charging module break down simultaneously, the main control board controls the power storage unit to supply power to the load;
the electric power storage unit is connected with the charge and discharge unit and used for storing electric energy output by the charge and discharge unit;
and the hydrogen evolution sensor is respectively connected with the power storage unit and the charging and discharging unit and used for detecting the hydrogen concentration in the device and uploading information to the main control board.
2. An automatic charging and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein said charging and discharging unit comprises:
the power supply module is arranged between the load and the power supply and used for converting alternating current output by the power supply into direct current available for the load; a first contactor is arranged on a branch where the power supply module is located, the first contactor is located between the power supply module and the load, a second contactor is arranged on a branch where the charging module is located, the second contactor is located between the charging module and the load, the first contactor and the second contactor are both connected with the main control board, the first contactor and the second contactor are linked with each other, if the main control board controls the first contactor to be switched off, the second contactor is switched on, and if the main control board controls the first contactor to be switched on, the second contactor is switched off; a third contactor is arranged between the charging module and the second contactor;
the charging module is arranged between the load and the power supply and is connected with the power supply module in parallel, and is used for charging the electric storage unit;
the main control board is externally connected to a trunk line between the power supply module and the load and used for respectively adjusting the operation parameters or the operation states of corresponding parts in the device to corresponding values according to the operation states of the corresponding parts in the device; the main control board is connected with the power supply module and the charging module through communication lines for communication;
the display is connected with the main control board and used for visually displaying the device operation data and the alarm information acquired by the main control board in an electronic screen mode, setting device operation parameters and controlling the device through the main control board;
the capacitor is arranged between the load and the main control board and used for supplying power to the main control board when the power supply module and/or the charging module fails, the capacitor discharges to supply power to the load when the main control board switches the opening and closing states of the first contactor, the second contactor and the third contactor, and the electric storage unit charges the capacitor when the main control board completes switching the opening and closing states of the contactors; and a second fuse is arranged between the capacitor and the main control board.
3. The automatic charging and discharging device according to claim 2, wherein the input and output terminals of the power supply module are provided with circuit protection devices, before the power supply module outputs the direct current, the main control board controls the power supply microprocessor in the power supply module to perform feedback sampling on the voltage and the current and receive a sampling result of the power supply microprocessor, and the main control board controls the power supply resonance controller through the power supply microprocessor to change a voltage conversion value of the power supply DC/DC converter; when the power supply transmits alternating current to the power supply module, the power supply module rectifies and filters the alternating current, converts the alternating current into direct current, adjusts the voltage of the direct current to a corresponding value through a power supply DC/DC converter in the power supply module, smoothes and filters the direct current after adjustment, and outputs the direct current of the corresponding voltage after smoothing and filtering;
the input end and the output end of the charging module are respectively provided with a circuit protection device, before the charging module outputs direct current, the main control board controls a charging microprocessor in the charging module to perform feedback sampling on voltage and current and charge a sampling result of the charging receiving microprocessor, and the main control board controls the charging resonance controller through the charging microprocessor to change a voltage conversion value of the charging DC/DC converter; when the power supply transmits the alternating current to the charging module, the charging module rectifies and filters the alternating current, converts the alternating current into direct current, adjusts the voltage of the direct current to a corresponding value through a charging DC/DC converter in the charging module, smoothes and filters the direct current after adjustment, and outputs the direct current of the corresponding voltage after smoothing and filtering.
4. The automatic charging and discharging device according to claim 3, wherein the main control board further comprises:
the first voltmeter is connected with the output end of the power supply module and used for detecting the voltage value of the output end of the power supply module;
the second voltmeter is connected with the output end of the charging module and used for detecting the voltage value of the output end of the charging module;
the main control board is internally provided with a preset voltage V0, when the device runs, the main control board controls the first voltmeter to detect the voltage value Va output by the power supply module and controls the second voltmeter to detect the voltage value Vb output by the charging module, the main control board respectively compares Va and Vb with V0 to judge whether the device runs normally according to the comparison result and preliminarily judges the position with a fault in the device when the judging device runs abnormally;
when the power supply module and the charging module are simultaneously operated,
if Va is V0 and Vb is V0, the main control board judges that the device operates normally,
if Va is V0 and Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device is abnormally operated, judges that a charging module is in fault and regulates the voltage output by the charging DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Vb is more than V0, the main control board controls the charging DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, if Vb is less than V0, the main control board controls the charging DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage,
if Va is not equal to V0 and Vb is equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device does not normally operate, judges that a power supply module has a fault and regulates the voltage output by the power supply DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Va is more than V0, the main control board controls the power supply DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, if Va is less than V0, the main control board controls the power supply DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage,
if Va is not equal to V0 and Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device is abnormally operated, judges that both the power supply module and the charging module have faults, and compares Va and Vb to determine the specific fault position;
when the power supply module operates independently, if Va is equal to V0, the main control board judges that the device operates normally, and if Va is equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device operates abnormally, judges that the power supply module has a fault and adjusts the voltage output by the power supply DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Va is more than V0, the main control board controls the power supply DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, and if Va is less than V0, the main control board controls the power supply DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage;
when the charging module operates independently, if Vb is equal to V0, the main control board judges that the device operates normally, and if Vb is not equal to V0, the main control board preliminarily judges that the device operates abnormally, judges that the charging module has a fault and regulates the voltage output by the charging DC/DC converter according to a preset voltage V0; if Vb is larger than V0, the main control board controls the charging DC/DC converter to reduce the output voltage, and if Vb is smaller than V0, the main control board controls the charging DC/DC converter to increase the output voltage.
5. The automatic charging and discharging device according to claim 4, wherein when the main control board completes the adjustment of the voltage output by the DC/DC converter of the power supply module, the main control board controls the first voltmeter to detect the voltage value Va 'output by the adjusted power supply module and transmits the measured data to the main control board, and the main control board compares Va' with V0 and determines whether the power supply rectifying filter, the power supply DC/DC converter and the power supply smoothing filter operate normally according to the comparison result;
if Va' ≠ V0, the main control board judges the faults of the power supply rectifying filter, the power supply DC/DC converter and the power supply smoothing filter and warns through a prompting lamp;
if Va' is V0, the main control board judges that the power supply rectifier filter, the power supply DC/DC converter and the power supply smoothing filter operate normally, and other components in the power supply module have faults and warn through a warning light, wherein the reasons of the faults include the fault of the power supply microprocessor in the power supply module, the fault of the communication connection between the power supply microprocessor and the main control board, and the fault of the power supply resonance controller in the power supply module;
when the main control board finishes adjusting the voltage output by the DC/DC converter of the charging module, the main control board controls the first voltmeter to detect the voltage value Vb 'output by the adjusted charging module and transmits the measured data to the main control board, and the main control board compares the voltage value Vb' with the voltage value V0 and judges whether the charging rectifying filter, the charging DC/DC converter and the charging smoothing filter operate normally or not according to the comparison result;
if Vb' ≠ V0, the main control board judges the charging rectifier filter fault, the charging DC/DC converter fault and the charging smoothing filter fault and warns through a prompting lamp;
if Vb' is V0, the main control board judges that the charging rectifier filter, the charging DC/DC converter and the charging smoothing filter operate normally, other components in the charging module have faults and are warned through a warning light, and the reasons of the faults include faults of the charging microprocessor in the charging module, communication connection faults between the charging microprocessor and the main control board and faults of the charging resonance controller in the charging module.
6. The automatic charging and discharging device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the main control board is provided with a preset voltage difference Δ V0, when Va ≠ V0 and Vb ≠ V0, the main control board preliminarily determines that the device is abnormally operated, and determines that both the power supply module and the charging module are in fault, the main control board calculates the voltage difference Δ V between the power supply module and the charging module to determine the specific fault position, and sets Δ V | Va-Vb |;
if the voltage delta V is less than or equal to the voltage delta V0, the main control board judges that the voltage difference value of the power supply module and the charging module is within an allowable error range, judges that the alternating current voltage provided by the power supply is abnormal, and simultaneously warns the voltage fault of the power supply through a prompting lamp;
if DeltaV > DeltaV 0, the main control board preliminarily judges the power supply module and/or the charging module to be in fault and compares the currents of the power supply module and the charging module to further investigate the components in the power supply module and the charging module.
7. The automatic charging and discharging device according to claim 6, wherein the main control board further comprises:
the first ammeter is connected with the output end of the power supply module and used for detecting the current value of the power supply module;
the second ammeter is connected with the output end of the charging module and used for detecting the current value of the charging module;
when the device runs, the main control board controls the first ammeter to detect a current value Ia output by the power supply module and controls the second ammeter to detect a current value Ib output by the charging module and transmits measured data to the main control board, and the main control board judges whether the device runs normally according to comparison results and preliminarily judges the position of a fault in the device when the judging device runs abnormally;
when Ia (Ib) is required, the main control board judges that the device is abnormally operated and the power supply module or the charging module is in fault, compares delta V0a with delta V0b to further judge the faulty electronic element, calculates the voltage difference between the power supply module and the preset voltage, namely delta V0a, sets delta V0a to | V0-Va |, calculates the voltage difference between the charging module and the preset voltage, namely delta V0b, sets delta V0b to | V0-Vb |, and judges the fault of the power supply module and the fault of the resistance element in the power supply module if delta V0a is less than delta V0b, the main control board alarms the fault of the resistance element through a prompting lamp, if delta V0a is greater than delta V0b, the main control board judges the fault of the charging module and judges the fault of the resistance element in the charging module, and prompts the fault of the resistance element by the prompting lamp, and alarms the fault of the resistance element when delta V0a is greater than delta V0, the charging module and the fault of the main control board 0b and judges the fault of the power supply module and the power supply module, Judging that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are both in fault, and warning the fault of the resistance elements by the main control board through a warning lamp;
when Ia is larger than Ib, if Va is larger than Vb, the main control board judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are not damaged and judges that a line in the device is in fault, and the main control board warns the line fault through a prompting lamp; if Va is less than Vb, the main control board judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are both in fault, and the main control board alarms the fault of the resistance elements through a prompting lamp;
when Ia is less than Ib, if Va is more than Vb, the main control board judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are in fault, and the main control board warns the fault of the resistance elements through a warning lamp; if Va is less than Vb, the main control board judges that the resistance elements in the power supply module and the charging module are not damaged and judges that a line in the device has a fault, and the main control board warns the line fault through a prompting lamp.
8. The automatic charging and discharging device as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the storage battery has sufficient storage capacity, the main control board adjusts the open/close states of the first contactor, the second contactor and the third contactor to enable the power supply module and the charging module to supply power in turn, a power supply module duty cycle Fa and a charging module duty cycle Fb are provided in the main control board, when the main control board controls the power supply module to supply power alone, the main control board controls the first contactor to be closed, the second contactor to be opened, and the third contactor to be opened to enable the power supply module to supply power alone to the components in the device, when the total individual power supply duration of the power supply module reaches Fa, the main control board sequentially switches the open/close states of the first contactor, the second contactor and the third contactor to enable the charging module to supply power alone to the components in the device, when the total independent power supply duration of the charging module reaches Fb, the main control board sequentially switches the opening and closing states of the first contactor, the second contactor and the third contactor so that the power supply module can independently supply power to the components in the device;
the device comprises a main control board and a charging module, wherein the main control board is provided with a period ratio alpha Fa/Fb, the main control board adjusts the ratio alpha of Fa to Fb according to the running state and the fault frequency of the power supply module and the charging module when the device runs, when the fault frequency of the power supply module is higher than the fault frequency of the charging module, the main control board adjusts the period ratio alpha to reduce the use frequency of the power supply module, when the fault frequency of the charging module is higher than the fault frequency of the power supply module, the main control board adjusts the period ratio alpha to reduce the use frequency of the charging module, and when the fault frequencies of the power supply module and the charging module are the same, the main control board enables the use frequencies of the power supply module and the charging module to be equal through the control period ratio alpha.
9. The automatic charging and discharging device according to claim 8, wherein when the device is operated, the main control board calculates a difference Δ Vab between the voltage of the power supply module and a preset voltage Δ V0a and between the voltage of the charging module and a preset voltage Δ V0b, sets Δ Vab | Δ V0a- Δ V0b |, and is further provided with a first preset voltage difference Δ Vab1, a second preset voltage difference Δ Vab2, a first preset period ratio α 1, a second preset period ratio α 2, and a third preset period ratio α 3, wherein Δ Vab1 is less than Δ Vab2, and 1 < α 2 < α 3 < 1.5;
when delta V0a is less than delta V0b, the main control board increases the use frequency of the power supply module, if delta Vab is less than or equal to delta Vab1, the main control board sets the period ratio to be alpha 1, if delta Vab1 is less than or equal to delta Vab2, the main control board sets the period ratio to be alpha 2, and if delta Vab is greater than delta Vab2, the main control board sets the period ratio to be alpha 3;
when Δ V0a >/Δ V0b, the main control board sets the cycle ratio to 1;
when delta V0a is greater than delta V0b, the main control board increases the use frequency of the charging module, if delta Vab is less than or equal to delta Vab1, the main control board sets the period ratio to 1/alpha 1, if delta Vab1 is less than or equal to delta Vab2, the main control board sets the period ratio to 1/alpha 2, and if delta Vab is greater than delta Vab2, the main control board sets the period ratio to 1/alpha 3.
10. The automatic charging and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the power storage unit comprises a storage battery for storing electric energy, a thermometer, and an in-cabin ventilator for ventilating and cooling the storage battery compartment; the main control board is connected with the cabin ventilator and used for controlling the cabin ventilator to be started and closed, the main control board is also connected with the thermometer, when the temperature measured by the thermometer exceeds a preset upper temperature limit or the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen evolution sensor exceeds a preset upper hydrogen concentration limit, the main control board controls the cabin ventilator to be started, and when the temperature measured by the thermometer is reduced to a preset lower temperature limit or the hydrogen concentration measured by the hydrogen evolution sensor is reduced to a preset lower hydrogen concentration limit, the main control board controls the cabin ventilator to be closed;
and the cabin ventilator is provided with an interlocking contact which is connected with the storage battery, and the interlocking contact controls the cabin ventilator to be automatically started when the storage battery is in a charging state.
CN202210099250.XA 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Automatic charging and discharging device Pending CN114726020A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210099250.XA CN114726020A (en) 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Automatic charging and discharging device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210099250.XA CN114726020A (en) 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Automatic charging and discharging device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114726020A true CN114726020A (en) 2022-07-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210099250.XA Pending CN114726020A (en) 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Automatic charging and discharging device

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Country Link
CN (1) CN114726020A (en)

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