CN114718674B - State reconfiguration type turbine unit and operation method thereof - Google Patents
State reconfiguration type turbine unit and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114718674B CN114718674B CN202210227108.9A CN202210227108A CN114718674B CN 114718674 B CN114718674 B CN 114718674B CN 202210227108 A CN202210227108 A CN 202210227108A CN 114718674 B CN114718674 B CN 114718674B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/105—Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a state reconstruction type turbine unit and an operation method thereof, wherein the turbine unit comprises a boiler and at least one reconstruction pressure cylinder group, the boiler is used for directly or indirectly supplying steam to the reconstruction pressure cylinder group, the reconstruction pressure cylinder group comprises at least two working pressure cylinders, the at least two working pressure cylinders are connected in parallel, a steam inlet end of each working pressure cylinder is provided with a control valve assembly for controlling the on-off of steam, and the working pressure cylinders are one or more of a high pressure cylinder, a medium pressure cylinder, a secondary high pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder. One or more working pressure cylinders in the reconstruction pressure cylinder group are purposefully selected to be put into operation to form different flow areas, larger steam flow areas are put into operation under high-load working conditions according to actual operation loads, and smaller steam flow areas are put into operation under medium-low-load working conditions, so that the high-efficiency operation under different working conditions is met by reconstructing the turbine group in different states, and the adjustment flexibility during deep peak shaving is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal conversion, and particularly relates to a state reconfiguration type turbine unit and an operation method thereof.
Background
At present, along with the transformation of energy sources in China, a new power system taking new energy sources as a main body is constructed by the strategy of double carbon, and large-scale strong-fluctuation and uncertainty renewable energy power grid connection is forced to fully participate in deep peak shaving of basic power taking coal-fired thermal power as a main body. The design of the coal-fired thermal power generating unit mainly considers the operation efficiency under the rated load working condition, and in the deep peak shaving process, the coal-fired thermal power generating unit is in a 30% -100% wide load operation state for a long time, so that the power generation efficiency of the unit under the medium-low load working condition is rapidly deteriorated, the conventional turbine unit cannot exert the advantage of high efficiency under the rated working condition under the medium-low load working condition in the peak shaving process, and the direct reason is that the main steam pressure is greatly reduced under the medium-low load working mode under the main steam pressure 'fixed-sliding-fixed' working mode, and the circulation efficiency of a thermodynamic system is directly causedLowering and increasing the through flow of the turbine bodyThe standard coal consumption of the unit under different load working conditions is shown in figure 1.
In the prior art, the structural state of the turbine unit cannot be changed and can only be operated according to a shaping state, and each pressure cylinder of the turbine unit is designed according to a full-load working condition, so that the pressure cylinder can exert higher advantages under high load, but under medium and low load working conditions, the structure of the turbine unit cannot be reconfigured according to actual load conditions due to the fact that the main steam operating pressure is reduced, the turbine unit cannot meet the requirements under the medium and low load working conditions, the energy efficiency is rapidly deteriorated in the deep peak shaving process, and the flexibility is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a state reconstruction type turbine unit and an operation method thereof, which are mainly used for solving the problems of low energy efficiency, poor adjustment flexibility and the like caused by the fact that the turbine unit cannot reconstruct the corresponding state according to the actual operation condition in the prior art.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a state reconstruction type turbine unit, which comprises a boiler and at least one reconstruction pressure cylinder group, wherein the boiler is used for directly or indirectly supplying steam to the reconstruction pressure cylinder group, the reconstruction pressure cylinder group comprises at least two working pressure cylinders, the at least two working pressure cylinders are connected in parallel, a steam inlet end of each working pressure cylinder is provided with a control valve adjusting assembly for controlling the on-off of steam, and the working pressure cylinders are one or more of a high pressure cylinder, a secondary high pressure cylinder, a medium pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder.
As a possible embodiment, the working pressure cylinders are high pressure cylinders, at least two steam inlet ends of the high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with a main steam pipe of the boiler, and at least two steam outlet ends of the high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with a reheating steam inlet pipe of the boiler.
As a possible embodiment, the acting pressure cylinders are medium pressure cylinders, at least two steam inlet ends of the medium pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with a reheat steam outlet pipe of the boiler, and at least two steam outlet ends of the medium pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with the low pressure cylinder.
As a possible embodiment, the acting pressure cylinders are secondary high pressure cylinders, at least two steam inlet ends of the secondary high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with a primary reheating pipe of the boiler, and at least two steam outlet ends of the secondary high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with a secondary reheating steam inlet pipe of the boiler.
As a possible embodiment, the working pressure cylinders are low pressure cylinders, every two low pressure cylinders are connected in parallel to form a low pressure cylinder group, the low pressure cylinder groups are connected in parallel to form the reconstruction pressure cylinder group, the steam inlet ends of at least two low pressure cylinder groups are connected in parallel and then connected with the medium pressure cylinder exhaust pipe, and the steam outlet ends of at least two low pressure cylinder groups are connected in parallel and then connected with downstream components.
As a possible embodiment, the control valve assembly comprises a control unit for controlling the opening of the valve unit and a valve unit for adjusting the steam flow of the pipe to which it is connected.
As a possible embodiment, the working pressure cylinder further comprises a nozzle channel, a convergent-divergent nozzle group and/or a convergent-divergent nozzle group are arranged in the nozzle channel, and a control valve is arranged between the gate adjusting unit and the convergent-divergent nozzle group.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for operating a state reconfiguration turbine unit, where the turbine unit includes N working cylinders in the same reconfiguration cylinder set, including the following steps:
determining the operation state points of N working pressure cylinders, wherein each operation state point corresponds to one control gate regulating assembly opening mode, and the number of the operation state points is M;
determining the state point pressure cylinder capacity corresponding to each operation state point;
determining a load factor point L corresponding to each running state point according to the ratio of the state point pressure cylinder capacity to the total capacity of the corresponding reconstruction pressure cylinder group x (1≤x≤M)；
When the unit operates at (L x-1 ,L x ]And in the load rate interval, operating the control gate regulating assembly opening mode corresponding to the xth operating state point.
As a possible embodiment, when determining the operating state points of the N working cylinders, the method specifically includes the following steps:
according to the number of the acting pressure cylinders and/or the combined operation number of the nozzle groups in the nozzle channel, M results are selected according to the capacity size arrangement relation;
and determining an adjusting load zone corresponding to the reconstruction pressure cylinder group, and dividing the adjusting load zone into M running state points by using M results.
As a possible embodiment, when there are a plurality of the reconstruction cylinder groups, the adjustment load sections corresponding to each reconstruction cylinder group do not overlap each other and together constitute (L) 0 Full load of]Load interval, wherein 0 is less than or equal to L 0 ≤20％。
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
one or more than one reconstruction pressure cylinder group is established in the turbine group, one or more than one working pressure cylinder in the reconstruction pressure cylinder group can be purposefully selected to be put into operation, so that the combination of the flow areas of different working pressure cylinders is realized, according to the actual operation load, the larger steam flow area is put into under the high-load working condition, the smaller steam flow area is put into under the medium-low-load working condition, the turbine group in different states is reconstructed, the efficient operation under different working conditions is met, the adjustment flexibility during the deep peak shaving is improved, and the economy of the unit operation is ensured.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort from the following drawings.
FIG. 1 is a graph of standard coal consumption versus load for a conventional unit of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a state reconfiguration type turbine unit provided by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing standard coal consumption of a state reconfiguration turbine unit provided by the invention with that of a conventional unit under the same load condition.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of operating a state reconfiguration turbine unit in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a boiler; 2. a main steam pipe; 3. a high-pressure cylinder group; 310. a first high-pressure cylinder door adjusting unit; 320. A second high-pressure cylinder door adjusting unit; 31. a first high-pressure cylinder; 32. a second high-pressure cylinder; 4. a medium pressure cylinder group; 410. A third medium pressure cylinder door adjusting unit; 420. a fourth medium pressure cylinder door adjusting unit; 41. a first medium pressure cylinder; 42. a second medium pressure cylinder; 5. a low pressure cylinder group; 510. a fifth low pressure cylinder door adjusting unit; 520. a sixth low pressure cylinder door adjusting unit; 530. a seventh low pressure cylinder door adjusting unit; 540. an eighth low-pressure cylinder door adjusting unit; 51. a first low pressure cylinder; 52. a second low pressure cylinder; 53. a third low pressure cylinder; 54. a fourth low pressure cylinder; 6. a condenser; 7. reheat the steam outlet pipe; 8. a water pump; arrows indicate the flow direction of the steam.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, when it is described that a specific device is located between a first device and a second device, an intervening device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When it is described that a particular device is connected to other devices, the particular device may be directly connected to the other devices without intervening devices, or may be directly connected to the other devices without intervening devices.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In a first aspect, referring to fig. 2, a state reconstruction type turbine unit is disclosed in this embodiment, including a boiler 1 and at least one reconstruction pressure cylinder group, where the boiler 1 is configured to directly or indirectly supply steam to the reconstruction pressure cylinder group, the reconstruction pressure cylinder group is composed of at least two working pressure cylinders, at least two working pressure cylinders are connected in parallel, the reconstruction pressure cylinder group composed of a plurality of working pressure cylinders has only one steam inlet pipe and one steam outlet pipe, one air inlet pipe is subdivided into branch pipes corresponding to the number of working pressure cylinders, one working pressure cylinder corresponds to one branch pipe, a control valve assembly for controlling steam on-off is disposed at a steam inlet end of each working pressure cylinder, each branch pipe is provided with a control valve assembly, the control valve assembly is in a one-to-one correspondence with the working pressure cylinders, and the working pressure cylinders are one or more of high pressure cylinders, secondary high pressure cylinders, medium pressure cylinders and low pressure cylinders.
In more detail, the present embodiment can implement the state reconstruction of any one of the high pressure cylinder, the sub-high pressure cylinder, the medium pressure cylinder, and the low pressure cylinder, and of course, may also be a combination thereof, that is, the high pressure cylinder and the medium pressure cylinder are all established as a reconstruction pressure cylinder group, or the high pressure cylinder, the medium pressure cylinder, and the low pressure cylinder are all established as a reconstruction pressure cylinder group, and the specific number of the reconstruction pressure cylinder group and the working pressure cylinder may be determined according to factors such as a load adjusting range, an adjusting precision, and the like, which is not limited herein.
When the reconstruction pressure cylinder group is a high pressure cylinder, the boiler 1 directly supplies steam to the reconstruction pressure cylinder group; when the reconstruction cylinder group is a low pressure cylinder, the boiler 1 indirectly supplies steam to the reconstruction cylinder group, since there will still be other intermediate parts between the boiler 1 and the low pressure cylinder, but the air source is only one place of the boiler 1.
The steam flow area of the working pressure cylinders in the same reconstruction pressure cylinder group can be the same or different, when the load change fluctuation of the unit is large, the steam flow area of the working pressure cylinders can be designed to be different, for example, in a plurality of high pressure cylinders, the flow area of a first high pressure cylinder is 100%, the flow area of a second high pressure cylinder is 90%, the flow area of a third high pressure cylinder is 80%, and when the working pressure is under a high load condition, the working pressure cylinders still have larger fluctuation, but in general, in a high load region, different high pressure cylinders can be switched to adapt to different high loads better, and different steam flow areas are utilized to adapt to different high load conditions. Similarly, the middle pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder can also be provided with working pressure cylinders with the same or different steam flow areas in the above mode.
In some embodiments, the working pressure cylinders are high pressure cylinders, the steam inlet ends of at least two high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with the main steam pipe 2 of the boiler 1, the steam outlet ends of at least two high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with the reheating steam inlet pipe of the boiler 1, taking a reconstruction pressure cylinder group with two high pressure cylinders as an example, the main steam pipe 2 of the boiler 1 is divided into two parts, and the two high pressure cylinders are respectively connected with the steam inlet ends of the two high pressure cylinders, and the steam outlet ends of the two high pressure cylinders are connected with the boiler 1 after being converged through pipelines so as to complete reheating steam inlet. Of course, the number of high-pressure cylinders may be plural.
In some embodiments, the working pressure cylinders are intermediate pressure cylinders, the steam inlet ends of at least two intermediate pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with the reheat steam outlet pipe 7 of the boiler 1, the steam outlet ends of at least two intermediate pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with the low pressure cylinder, taking a reconstruction pressure cylinder group with two intermediate pressure cylinders as an example, the reheat steam outlet pipe 7 of the boiler 1 is divided into two parts and respectively connected with the steam inlet ends of the two intermediate pressure cylinders, the steam outlet ends of the two intermediate pressure cylinders are connected with the low pressure cylinders after being converged through pipelines, and it is noted that the number of the low pressure cylinders can be one or more, no matter how many the number of the low pressure cylinders is, the exhaust gas of the intermediate pressure cylinders needs to be converged into one path of steam first and then dispersed according to the number of the low pressure cylinders. Of course, the number of medium pressure cylinders may be plural.
In some embodiments, the working pressure cylinders are secondary high pressure cylinders, the steam inlet ends of at least two secondary high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with the primary reheating pipe of the boiler 1, the steam outlet ends of at least two secondary high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with the secondary reheating steam inlet pipe of the boiler 1, taking a reconstruction pressure cylinder group with two secondary high pressure cylinders as an example, the primary reheating pipe of the boiler 1 is divided into two parts, the primary reheating pipe is respectively connected with the steam inlet ends of the two secondary high pressure cylinders, and the steam outlet ends of the two secondary high pressure cylinders are connected with the secondary reheating steam inlet pipe of the boiler 1 after being converged through pipelines, so as to finish secondary reheating. Of course, the number of the sub-high pressure cylinders may be plural.
In some embodiments, the working pressure cylinders are low pressure cylinders, every two low pressure cylinders are connected in parallel to form one low pressure cylinder group, the number of the low pressure cylinder groups can be one or more, the low pressure cylinder groups are connected in parallel to form the reconstruction pressure cylinder group, at least two steam inlet ends of the low pressure cylinder groups are connected in parallel and then connected with the medium pressure cylinder exhaust steam pipe, at least two steam outlet ends of the low pressure cylinder groups are connected in parallel and then connected with a downstream component, taking the reconstruction pressure cylinder group with four low pressure cylinders as an example, two low pressure cylinders are connected in parallel to form one low pressure cylinder group, the steam inlet end of each low pressure cylinder is provided with a control valve adjusting assembly, the total number of the low pressure cylinder groups is four, the two low pressure cylinder groups are connected in parallel to form one reconstruction pressure cylinder group, and then connected between the medium pressure cylinder and the downstream component, wherein the downstream component can be a condenser 6, and water is conveyed to the boiler 1 through the water pump 8 to complete the circulation.
In some embodiments, two high pressure cylinders and two medium pressure cylinders are provided, and four low pressure cylinders are provided, i.e. a reconstruction cylinder group is established in each of the high pressure cylinders, the medium pressure cylinders and the low pressure cylinders, and three reconstruction cylinder groups are present in one turbine group.
In some embodiments, the control valve adjusting assembly comprises a control unit and a valve adjusting unit, the control unit is used for controlling the opening of the valve adjusting unit, the valve adjusting unit is used for adjusting the steam flow flux of a pipeline connected with the valve adjusting unit, the steam inlet end of each acting pressure cylinder is provided with the valve adjusting unit, the opening of the corresponding valve adjusting unit can be controlled by the control unit, and the valve adjusting unit has different flow cross sections at different openings and can realize flow on-off control of the pipeline where the valve adjusting unit is located.
In some embodiments, the working pressure cylinder further includes a nozzle channel, especially a high pressure cylinder, each high pressure cylinder has a corresponding nozzle channel, a tapered and/or scaled nozzle group is provided in the nozzle channel, a control valve is provided between the gate adjusting unit and the tapered and scaled nozzle groups, for example, when four nozzle groups, two tapered nozzle groups and two scaled nozzle groups are provided in the nozzle channel of one high pressure cylinder, the two tapered nozzle groups are used for high load working conditions, the two scaled nozzle groups are used for low load working conditions, the speed of steam is increased to supersonic speed by utilizing the scaling characteristic of the two scaled nozzle groups to improve efficiency under low load working conditions and improve adaptability, and after the gate adjusting unit, each nozzle group is provided with a control valve, namely four control valves, which are respectively used for controlling on-off of the corresponding nozzle groups.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment provides a method for operating a state reconfiguration turbine unit, where the turbine unit includes N working cylinders in the same reconfiguration cylinder unit, it should be noted that the number of reconfiguration cylinder units may be more than one, and the number of working cylinders included in each reconfiguration cylinder unit is different, and in the following description, one reconfiguration cylinder unit is taken as an illustration, and other reconfiguration cylinder units are similar, and the method for operating the state reconfiguration turbine unit includes the following steps:
determining the operation state points of N working pressure cylinders, wherein each operation state point corresponds to one control gate regulating assembly opening mode, and the number of the operation state points is M;
determining the state point pressure cylinder capacity corresponding to each operation state point;
determining a load factor point L corresponding to each running state point according to the ratio of the state point pressure cylinder capacity to the total capacity of the corresponding reconstruction pressure cylinder group x (x is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M), and the larger the value of x is, the larger the capacity ratio is represented;
when the unit operates at (L x-1 ,L x ]And in the load rate interval, operating the control gate regulating assembly opening mode corresponding to the xth operating state point.
It should be noted that when determining the operating state point, the number of operating state points may be 2, because only one operating cylinder is turned on and two operating cylinders are turned on, i.e., m=2, if n=2, i.e., only two operating cylinders are provided, and the number of operating state points is 2; the two working cylinders are assumed to have different capacities, and there is a difference in size, and at this time, there are three states of opening the working cylinder with large capacity, opening the working cylinder with small capacity, and opening the two working cylinders, i.e., m=3, so the number of operating state points is 3.
After the operation state points are determined, the state point pressure cylinder capacity corresponding to each operation state point can be naturally determined, and the load rate point L corresponding to each operation state point can be calculated according to the ratio of the total capacity of the first-stage reconstruction pressure cylinder group x When m=2, L 1 ＝50％，L 2 =100%, optionally 0.ltoreq.L 0 Less than or equal to 20 percent when the unit operates at (50 percent, 100 percent)]When the load rate is in the interval, the two working pressure cylinders with the same capacity are both opened, namely the door regulating assembly is controlled to be opened; when the unit operates at (0, 50%]And in the load rate interval, one of the acting pressure cylinders is started, namely a control door regulating assembly is opened. The larger the load is, the larger the capacity of the opened acting pressure cylinder is, the smaller the load is, the smaller the capacity of the opened acting pressure cylinder is, and under different load working conditions, the corresponding control valve adjusting assembly is opened to reconstruct the corresponding capacity of the acting pressure cylinder, so that each operating state point operates in a more reasonable and proper unit state.
As one embodiment, when determining the operating state points of the N working pressure cylinders, the method specifically includes the following steps:
according to the number of the acting pressure cylinders and/or the combined operation number of the nozzle groups in the nozzle channel, M results are selected according to the capacity size arrangement relation;
and determining an adjusting load zone corresponding to the reconstruction pressure cylinder group, and dividing the adjusting load zone into M running state points by using M results.
It should be noted that, first, the adjustment load intervals corresponding to different reconfiguration pressure cylinder groups may be different, for example, the adjustment load interval of the high pressure cylinder is (60%, 100% ], the adjustment load interval of the medium pressure cylinder is (40%, 80% ], the adjustment load interval of the medium pressure cylinder is (20%, 60% ], when exceeding the adjustment load interval, the adjustment capability of the corresponding reconfiguration pressure cylinder group becomes smaller, and compared with other reconfiguration pressure cylinder groups, the adjustment load interval is not enough to have an influence, so that for better control, the adjustment operation is convenient, the high pressure cylinder, the medium pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder are divided into adjustment load intervals, in each reconfiguration pressure cylinder group, M results arranged according to the number of specific acting pressure cylinders and/or the combined operation number of the nozzle groups in the nozzle channel are selected, note that the above selected results are not necessarily all the full selection of all combination conditions, only partial several possible results can be selected, the corresponding adjustment load intervals are divided into M operation conditions by using the M results, and the valve opening conditions are not used in the other combinations, and the opening conditions are different from each other high pressure cylinder groups.
As one embodiment, when there are a plurality of the reconstruction cylinder groups, the adjustment load sections corresponding to each reconstruction cylinder group do not overlap each other, and together constitute (L) 0 Full load of]Load interval, wherein 0 is less than or equal to L 0 Less than or equal to 20 percent, for example, if the unit is provided with a high pressure cylinder reconstruction pressure cylinder group, a medium pressure cylinder reconstruction pressure cylinder group and a low pressure cylinder reconstruction pressure cylinder group, the adjustment load interval of the high pressure cylinder is (80 percent, 100 percent)]The load adjusting section of the medium pressure cylinder is (50%, 80%)]The load adjusting section of the medium pressure cylinder is (20, 50)]Three reconstruction cylinder groups formed (20%, 100%)]Load section, L' at this time 0 =20%, of course, in other embodiments, L' 0 Other values are possible.
Example 1:
taking a certain 16.67/543/543 330MW steam turbine set as an example, adopting a conventional fixed-sliding-fixed operation mode, wherein the main steam flow m1 of the steam turbine set is 1005t/h, the main steam pressure is 16.67MPa, the medium pressure cylinder steam inlet flow m2 is 833t/h, the steam inlet pressure is 3.54MPa, the low pressure cylinder steam inlet flow m3 is 745t/h, and the steam inlet pressure is 0.84MPa under the rated working condition; when the load of the turbine unit is reduced, the standard coal consumption of the turbine unit power supply is increased from 311g/kWh to 328g/kWh under 50% load condition, and is increased to 366g/kWh under 20% load condition.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, based on the turbine unit after the state reconstruction, three reconstruction cylinder groups, that is, a high-pressure reconstruction cylinder group, a medium-pressure reconstruction cylinder group, and a low-pressure reconstruction cylinder group, are built in total, wherein the number of the high-pressure cylinders, the medium-pressure cylinders, and the low-pressure cylinders is 2, 4, respectively; the specific operation method is as follows:
when the steam turbine set operates in a load region of 75% -100%, a first high-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 310 and a second high-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 320 of the high-pressure cylinder set 3 are opened, a third medium-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 410 and a fourth medium-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 420 of the medium-pressure cylinder set 4 are opened, a fifth low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 510, a sixth low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 520, a seventh low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 530 and an eighth low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 540 of the low-pressure cylinder set 5 are opened, namely all valve regulating units are opened, so that main steam in a main steam pipe 2 of the boiler 1 is divided into 2 strands by the 2-group high-pressure cylinder valve regulating units to flow into a first high-pressure cylinder 31 and a second high-pressure cylinder 32 respectively, after the exhaust steam of the high-pressure cylinders in the high-pressure cylinder set flows into the boiler 1 after being collected, the 2-strand medium flows into the first medium-pressure cylinder 41 and the second medium-pressure cylinder 42 respectively, and the medium-pressure cylinder flows into the second low-pressure cylinder valve regulating units 4 and the third low-pressure cylinder 52 respectively after the medium-pressure cylinder flows into the 2-group medium-pressure cylinder valve regulating units to the medium-pressure cylinders in the high-pressure cylinder set 4; the turbine unit now corresponds to normal operation.
When the steam turbine set operates in a load region of 50% -75%, the first high-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 310 and the second high-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 320 of the high-pressure cylinder set 3 are opened, the third medium-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 410 and the fourth medium-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 420 of the medium-pressure cylinder set 4 are opened, the fifth low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 510, the sixth low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 520 and the seventh low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 530 of the low-pressure cylinder set 5 are opened, the eighth low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 540 is closed, so that main steam in the main steam pipe 2 of the boiler 1 flows into the first high-pressure cylinder 31 and the second high-pressure cylinder 32 respectively after being divided into 2 by the 2-set high-pressure cylinder valve regulating units, after the exhaust steam of the high-pressure cylinders in the high-pressure cylinder set flows into the first medium-pressure cylinder 41 and the second medium-pressure cylinder 42 respectively after being gathered, the exhaust steam flows into the first low-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 3 and the third medium-pressure cylinder 52 after being gathered into the 2-set medium-pressure cylinder valve regulating units, and the medium-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 3 flows into the third low-pressure cylinder valve cylinder 52 and the third medium-pressure cylinder valve regulating unit 54 after being gathered, and the medium-pressure cylinder regulating unit is turned off. Compared with the conventional turbine unit, the low-pressure cylinder in the low-pressure cylinder group 5 has the advantages that the steam flow rate is reduced, the number of through-flow cylinders is changed from 4 to 3, the effect is equivalent to reducing the steam flow area of the low-pressure cylinder, the inlet steam pressure of the low-pressure cylinder is increased from 0.65Mpa to 0.9Mpa, the back pressure of the regulating stage is increased from 9.22Mpa to 9.27Mpa, the corresponding main steam pressure is increased from 13.92Mpa to 14Mpa, the standard coal consumption of power supply is reduced from 317.2g/kWh to 316.7g/kWh, and the thermodynamic cycle efficiency is improved.
When the steam turbine set operates in the 25% -50% load zone, the first high pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 310 of the high pressure cylinder set 3, the third medium pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 410 of the medium pressure cylinder set 4, and the fifth low pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 510 and the sixth low pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 520 of the low pressure cylinder set 5 are opened, the second high pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 320 of the high pressure cylinder set 3, the fourth medium pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 420 of the medium pressure cylinder set 4, and the seventh low pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 530 and the eighth low pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 540 of the low pressure cylinder set 5 are closed. The main steam in the main steam pipe 2 of the boiler 1 flows to the first high-pressure cylinder 31 in a through-flow state through the main steam pipe 2, the exhaust steam of the high-pressure cylinder flows to the first medium-pressure cylinder 41 in the through-flow state after being converged and flowing into the reheating section inlet pipe of the boiler 1 for reheating, and the exhaust steam of the medium-pressure cylinder is divided into two strands of working media after being converged and flows to the first low-pressure cylinder 51 and the second low-pressure cylinder 52 in the through-flow state respectively. Compared with a conventional steam turbine unit, the low-pressure cylinder through-flow quantity is changed from 4 to 2, the medium-pressure cylinder through-flow quantity is changed from 2 to 1, the high-pressure cylinder through-flow quantity is changed from 2 to 1, the steam through-flow quantity of the low-pressure cylinder is reduced by half, the steam through-flow quantity of the medium-pressure cylinder and the high-pressure cylinder is also reduced by half, the effect is equivalent to reducing the steam through-flow area of a half of the steam turbine unit, the low-pressure cylinder inlet steam pressure is increased from 0.44MPa to 0.83MPa, the medium-pressure cylinder inlet pressure is increased from 1.64MPa to 3.17MPa, the regulating-stage back pressure is increased from 6.18MPa to 13.2MPa, the corresponding main steam pressure is increased from 13.92MPa to 16.67MPa, the steam pressure is transferred to the main steam pressure through the medium-pressure cylinder and the high-pressure cylinder, the power supply standard coal consumption is reduced from 329.64 g/kWh to 311.7g/kWh, and the thermodynamic cycle efficiency is remarkably improved.
When the steam turbine set operates in the load zone of 0% -25%, the first high-pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 310, the third medium-pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 410, and the fifth low-pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 510 of the medium-pressure cylinder set 4 and the low-pressure cylinder set 5 of the high-pressure cylinder set 3 are opened, and the second high-pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 320, the fourth medium-pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 420, and the sixth low-pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 520, the seventh low-pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 530, and the eighth low-pressure cylinder gate regulating unit 540 of the medium-pressure cylinder set 4 and the low-pressure cylinder set 5 of the high-pressure cylinder set 3 are closed. Main steam is led from the boiler 11 to the first high-pressure cylinder 31 in a through-flow state in the high-pressure cylinder group through the main steam pipeline 2, the high-pressure cylinder exhaust gas is collected and reheated and then flows to the first medium-pressure cylinder 41 in the through-flow state, and the medium-pressure cylinder exhaust gas is collected and then flows to the first low-pressure cylinder 51 in an open state. Compared with a conventional steam turbine unit, the low-pressure cylinder through-flow quantity is changed from 4 to 1, the medium-pressure cylinder through-flow quantity is changed from 2 to 1, the high-pressure cylinder through-flow quantity is changed from 2 to 1, the low-pressure cylinder inlet steam pressure is increased from 0.21MPa to 0.9MPa, the medium-pressure cylinder inlet pressure is increased from 0.78MPa to 1.78MPa, the regulating-stage backpressure is increased from 2.86MPa to 6.13MPa, the corresponding main steam pressure is increased from 7.51MPa to 11.17MPa, and the standard coal consumption of power supply is reduced from 349.29g/kWh to 317.7g/kWh. The effect of the state reconfiguration type turbine unit of the invention by adopting the operation method can be obviously obtained from the attached figure 3, when the load of the turbine unit is in a high load zone, the turbine unit of the invention is basically consistent with the standard coal consumption curve of the conventional unit, and when the load rate is reduced to below 50%, the standard coal consumption of the state reconfiguration type turbine unit of the invention is obviously reduced compared with the standard coal consumption of the conventional unit, and the invention proves that the state reconfiguration type turbine unit has higher energy efficiency ratio.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the embodiment provides a state reconfiguration type turbine unit and an operation method thereof, wherein one or more reconfiguration pressure cylinder groups are established in the turbine unit, one or more working pressure cylinders in the reconfiguration pressure cylinder groups can be purposefully selected to be put into operation, so that the combination of the flow areas of different working pressure cylinders is realized, according to the actual operation load, a larger steam flow area is put into under a high-load working condition, a smaller steam flow area is put into under a medium-low-load working condition, the high-efficiency operation under different working conditions is met by reconfiguration of the turbine unit in different states, the adjustment flexibility during deep peak regulation is improved, and the economy of the unit operation is ensured.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The operation method of the state reconfiguration type turbine unit, the turbine unit includes N acting pressure cylinders in a same reconfiguration pressure cylinder group, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the operation state points of N working pressure cylinders, wherein each operation state point corresponds to one control gate regulating assembly opening mode, and the number of the operation state points is M;
determining the state point pressure cylinder capacity corresponding to each operation state point;
determining a load rate point Lx (x is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M) corresponding to each running state point according to the ratio of the state point pressure cylinder capacity to the total capacity of the corresponding reconstruction pressure cylinder group;
and when the unit operates in the (Lx-1, lx) load rate interval, operating the control gate regulating assembly opening mode corresponding to the x-th operating state point.
2. The method for operating a state reconfiguration turbine unit according to claim 1, wherein when determining the operating state points of the N working cylinders, the method specifically comprises the steps of:
according to the number of the acting pressure cylinders and/or the combined operation number of the nozzle groups in the nozzle channel, M results are selected according to the capacity size arrangement relation;
and determining an adjusting load zone corresponding to the reconstruction pressure cylinder group, and dividing the adjusting load zone into M running state points by using M results.
3. A method of operating a state reconfiguration turbine unit according to claim 2, wherein when there are a plurality of reconfiguration cylinder groups, the adjustment load intervals corresponding to each reconfiguration cylinder group do not overlap each other and together constitute an (L '0, full load) load interval, where 0 is equal to or less than L' 0 is equal to or less than 20%.
4. A state reconfiguration type turbine unit applying the operation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising a boiler and at least one reconfiguration pressure cylinder group, wherein the boiler is used for directly or indirectly supplying steam to the reconfiguration pressure cylinder group, the reconfiguration pressure cylinder group is composed of at least two working pressure cylinders, the at least two working pressure cylinders are connected in parallel, a steam inlet end of each working pressure cylinder is provided with a control valve adjusting assembly for controlling the on-off of steam, and the working pressure cylinders are more than one of a high pressure cylinder, a medium pressure cylinder, a secondary high pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder.
5. The steam turbine set of claim 4, wherein the working pressure cylinders are high pressure cylinders, at least two of which are connected in parallel with steam inlet ends and then connected with main steam pipes of the boiler, and at least two of which are connected in parallel with steam outlet ends and then connected with reheat steam inlet pipes of the boiler.
6. The steam turbine set of claim 4, wherein the working cylinders are medium pressure cylinders, at least two of which have steam inlet ends connected in parallel and then connected to the reheat steam outlet pipe of the boiler, and at least two of which have steam outlet ends connected in parallel and then connected to the low pressure cylinder.
7. The steam turbine set of claim 4, wherein the working cylinders are secondary high pressure cylinders, at least two of the steam inlet ends of the secondary high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with a primary reheating pipe of the boiler, and at least two of the steam outlet ends of the secondary high pressure cylinders are connected in parallel and then connected with a secondary reheating pipe of the boiler.
8. The state reconstruction turbine set according to claim 4, wherein said working cylinders are low pressure cylinders, each two of said low pressure cylinders are connected in parallel to form a low pressure cylinder set, said low pressure cylinder sets are connected in parallel to form said reconstruction cylinder set, at least two of said low pressure cylinder sets have their steam inlet ends connected in parallel and then connected to said intermediate pressure cylinder, at least two of said low pressure cylinder sets have their steam outlet ends connected in parallel and then connected to downstream components.
9. A state reconfiguration turbine unit according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the control valve assembly includes a control unit for controlling the opening of the valve unit and a valve unit for regulating the steam flow of the pipe to which it is connected.
10. A state reconfiguration turbine unit according to claim 9, wherein the working cylinder further comprises a nozzle channel, a convergent and/or convergent nozzle group is provided in the nozzle channel, and a control valve is provided between the valve adjusting unit and the convergent and convergent nozzle group.
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| CN205477780U (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-17 | 西安交通大学 | A low pressure bypass turbine system for high load condition of large -scale steam turbine |
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| CN112832879A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-25 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Steam turbine power generation system capable of switching high-pressure cylinder |
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| CN205477780U (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-17 | 西安交通大学 | A low pressure bypass turbine system for high load condition of large -scale steam turbine |
| CN107246286A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-13 | 上海汽轮机厂有限公司 | A kind of single reheat steam turbine of parallel high voltage cylinder |
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