CN114717411A - Method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore as raw material instead of iron-rich ore - Google Patents
Method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore as raw material instead of iron-rich ore Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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Abstract
A method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore to replace rich iron ore as a raw material comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that waste low-grade ore is used as a raw material to replace traditional rich iron ore, and the waste low-grade ore comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-49.5% of TFe, 0.7-2.2% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Ni, and Al2O3 4.5～9％，SiO2 4～37％，CaO 0.18～1.4％，MgO 0.8～23％，MnO 0.5‑2.3％，S 0.01～0.3％，P 0.008～0.05 percent of water and 8 to 40 percent of water; sintering the raw materials to obtain a sintered ore; adding coke to perform blast furnace smelting on the sintered ore to obtain chromium-nickel-iron-containing water and a byproduct slag; smelting in an electric arc furnace or a converter, and directly obtaining the chromium-nickel-containing steel billet after decarburization, dephosphorization, deoxidation and desulfurization. The steps of adding silicomanganese alloy and nickel-chromium alloy in the traditional iron ore-rich molten iron to meet the requirements of finished steel products in the steel-making process are omitted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel production, and particularly relates to a method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore to replace rich iron ore as a raw material.
Background
At present, the price of rich iron ore (TFe content is more than or equal to 60%) from international iron ore is higher and higher, the production cost of iron and steel enterprises is greatly increased, and the profit margin is relatively low, so that the development of the iron and steel enterprises, particularly small and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises is greatly influenced.
For low-grade ores with a TFe content of less than 60%, particularly less than 50%, the low-grade ores are discarded or abandoned as waste ores for a long time due to the low TFe (total iron) content, and an unusable technical bias is formed in the steel industry, so that on one hand, the mine environment is polluted, on the other hand, resources are greatly wasted, and the waste ores are accumulated along with the exploitation of iron mines.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages and drawbacks of the prior art, it is necessary to develop a method for producing steel using waste low-grade ore as a raw material instead of rich iron ore.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of at least one of the above problems. The applicant discovers that on one hand, in the traditional smelting process of rich iron ore, after sintering raw materials, adding coke to carry out blast furnace smelting, decarbonizing, dephosphorizing, deoxidizing and desulfurizing in steel making, the strength of steel must be increased by adding silicomanganese or chrome-nickel alloy to meet the national strength requirement; on the other hand, if the raw material regarded as the "waste ore" can be made into steel meeting the national standard strength in a low-cost manner through a series of smelting processes, the technical prejudice that the waste ore formed in the steel industry cannot be utilized is overcome, the production cost of steel enterprises is greatly reduced, and even the excessive dependence on the traditional rich ore is restrained/reduced, and the rich iron ore price of three international mines is reduced.
Based on the long-term research of the applicant, the invention designs a brand-new method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ores to replace rich iron ores as raw materials, the waste low-grade ores can be used for completely replacing the traditional rich iron ores, steel with higher strength and quality is provided by less process steps than the smelting cost of the rich iron ores, the reutilization of waste resources is realized, the mine environment is protected, the technical bias that waste ores formed in the steel industry cannot be utilized is overcome, and the production cost of steel enterprises can be greatly reduced.
Specifically, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing steel using waste low-grade ore as a raw material instead of iron-rich ore, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the method is characterized in that waste low-grade ore is used as a raw material to replace traditional rich iron ore, and the waste low-grade ore comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-49.5% of TFe, 0.7-2.2% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Ni, and Al2O3 4.5～9％，SiO24-37%, CaO 0.18-1.4%, MgO 0.8-23%, MnO 0.5-2.3%, S0.01-0.3%, P0.008-0.05%, and water 8-40%;
sintering the raw materials to obtain a sintered ore, wherein the sintered ore comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27-48% of TFe, 0.6-2.0% of Cr, 0.6-1.4% of Ni, and Al2O3 4.5～9％，SiO2 5～30％，CaO 5～13.5％，MgO 1.5～13％，MnO 0.5-2.3％，S 0.01～0.3％，P 0.008～0.05％；
Adding coke to carry out blast furnace smelting on the sinter to obtain molten iron and a byproduct slag, wherein the molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.5-4.5% of C, 2-4% of Cr, 1-3.5% of Ni, 0.5-5% of Si, 0.5-2% of Mn, 0.02-0.3% of S and 0.008-0.15% of P; al in the sintered ore2O3CaO and MgO are separated in the form of a by-product slag;
smelting and decarbonizing, dephosphorizing, deoxidizing and desulfurizing in an electric arc furnace or a converter to obtain the chromium-nickel-containing steel billet directly, wherein the chromium-nickel-containing steel billet comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.5% of C, 0.5-1.3% of Cr, 1-4% of Ni, 0.05-0.50% of Si, 0.20-1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, and the balance of Fe.
According to another aspect of the invention, the steps of adding silicomanganese and adding nickel-chromium alloy in the traditional iron-rich ore smelting are omitted.
According to a further aspect of the invention, part of the chromium is removed with the phosphorus while dephosphorizing.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the chromium-nickel steel slab is used for producing G20Cr2Ni4, 37CrNi3, 30CrNi3, 20CrNi3, 34CrNi3Mo, 34Cr2Ni4MoV, 34CrNi3Mo6, 12CrNi3, 25Cr2Ni4Mo, 30Cr2Ni4Mo, 18Cr2Ni4W, 34CrNi3M07-2, 25Cr2Ni4MoV, 12Cr2Ni4, 30Cr2Ni4MoV, 24CrNi3MoV, Ni2024, or NAK80, 40CrNi, 45CrNi, G20CrNi2Mo, 20CrNiMo, 32CrNi, 20CrNi, GCr15 Mo, 17CrNiMo Mo (H), 17Cr2Ni Mo, 14CN Mo, 19CN 4, 30Cr2Ni2Mo Mo, 40CrNi Mo, GCR 12, Mo, 6856 CrNi Mo, 6856 CrMo Mo, 6856 CrNi Mo, 6856 CrMo, Mo, 6856 CrNi Mo, 6856 CrMo, Mo, 6856 CrMo, Mo, 6856, Mo, 6856, Mo, 6856 CrMo, Mo, 6856, Mo, 6856 CrMo, Mo, 6856 CrMo, Mo, 6856, Mo, 6856, Mo, 18NiCrMo14-6, SNCM439, JS05-2, JS05-2A, JS15G1, JS011-1, XC522A, XC592A, XC582A, NAK80, 50CrNi, Q235B, Q275B, Q355B, Q390B, Q420B, Q460C, Q460E, Q500E, Q550E, Q620E, Q690E, Q800E, Q890E, Q960E
According to another aspect of the invention, the silicomanganese and the nickel and chromium in the chrome-nickel billet are from the raw materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has one or more of the following beneficial effects:
1. the waste low-grade ore is used for completely replacing the traditional rich iron ore, and steel with higher strength and quality is provided by less process steps and lower smelting cost than the rich iron ore, so that the reutilization of waste resources is realized, and the mine environment is protected;
2. the steel conforming to the national standard strength is prepared from the waste ore by a series of smelting processes in a low-cost mode, the technical bias that the waste ore formed in the steel industry cannot be utilized is overcome, the production cost of steel enterprises is greatly reduced, and the restriction/reduction of excessive dependence on traditional rich ore and the reduction of the rich iron ore price of three international mines are facilitated;
3. manganese, nickel and chromium in the chromium-nickel billet come from the raw materials, and a silicon-manganese alloy does not need to be added to increase the strength of steel, so that the process is shortened, and the cost is reduced;
4. and the nickel-chromium alloy is not required to be added, so that the production cost is further reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for producing steel using waste low-grade ore instead of iron-rich ore as a raw material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the detailed description is for the purpose of illustrating the invention in detail, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, as various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, which are intended to be encompassed within the appended claims.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for producing steel using waste low-grade ore as a raw material instead of rich iron ore, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the method is characterized in that waste low-grade ore is used as a raw material to replace traditional rich iron ore, and the waste low-grade ore comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35.0% of TFe, 1.07% of Cr, 1.47% of Ni, and Al2O3 5.22％，SiO219.01%, CaO 1.06%, MgO 11.36%, MnO 1.12%, S0.087%, P0.013%, and water 28.94%;
sintering the raw materials to obtain a sintered ore, wherein the sintered ore comprises the following components in percentage by weight: TFe33.01%, Cr 0.89%, Ni 1.29%, Al2O3 4.88％，SiO2 17.98％，CaO 13.5％，MgO 12.11％，MnO 0.82％，S 0.019％，P 0.025％；
Adding coke to perform blast furnace smelting on the sintered ore to obtain molten iron and a byproduct slag, wherein the molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.58 percent of C, 2.70 percent of Cr, 3.30 percent of Ni, 2.35 percent of Si, 0.55 percent of Mn, 0.18 percent of S and 0.088 percent of P; al in the sintered ore2O3CaO and MgO are separated in the form of a by-product slag;
smelting in an electric arc furnace or a converter, and directly obtaining a chromium-nickel-containing steel billet G20Cr2Ni4 after decarburization, deoxidation, desulfurization and dephosphorization, wherein the chromium-nickel-containing steel billet comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.21% of C, 1.28% of Cr1, 3.55% of Ni, 0.32% of Si, 0.55% of Mn, 0.018% of S, 0.015% of P and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of adding silicomanganese and the step of adding nichrome in the conventional rich iron ore smelting are omitted.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention part of the chromium is removed together with the phosphorus while dephosphorizing.
Example 2
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discarded low-grade ore comprises the following components in parts by weight: 49.02% of TFe, 1.53% of Cr1, 0.70% of Ni, and Al2O3 6.45％，SiO26.80 percent, CaO 0.69 percent, MgO 2.92 percent, MnO 1.22 percent, S0.20 percent, P0.011 percent and water 32.20 percent.
According to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sintered ore comprises the following components in weight ratio: 47% of TFe, 0.89% of Cr0, 0.68% of Ni0, and Al2O3 8.22％，SiO2 7.72％，CaO 8.05％，MgO 2.20％，MnO 2.24％，S0.02％，P 0.048％；
Adding coke to perform blast furnace smelting on the sintered ore to obtain molten iron and a byproduct slag, wherein the molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4.35% of C, 2.70% of Cr, 1.25% of Ni, 1.35% of Si, 0.55% of Mn, 0.17% of S, 0.075% of P and the balance of Fe; al in the sintered ore2O3CaO and MgO are separated as a by-product slag.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chrome-nickel billet 20CrNi comprises the following components by weight: 0.19% of C, 0.59% of Cr, 0.35% of Ni1, 0.30% of Si, 0.53% of Mn, 0.013% of S, 0.012% of P and the balance of Fe.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of adding silicomanganese and the step of adding nichrome in the conventional rich iron ore smelting are omitted.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention part of the chromium is removed together with the phosphorus while dephosphorizing.
Example 3
According to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discarded low-grade ore comprises the following components by weight: 49.0 percent of TFe, 1.03 percent of Cr1, 0.70 percent of Ni, and Al2O3 5.85％，SiO26.18 percent, CaO 0.63 percent, MgO 2.85 percent, MnO 1.17 percent, S0.18 percent, P0.019 percent and water 30.21 percent.
According to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sintered ore comprises the following components in weight ratio: 47% of TFe, 0.90% of Cr0, 0.68% of Ni, and Al2O3 8.01％，SiO2 8.02％，CaO 7.91％，MgO 2.18％，MnO 2.09％，S0.016％，P 0.041％；
According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the chrome nickel billet Q960 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.18% of C, 0.54% of Cr0.54% of Ni1.32%, 0.27% of Si, 0.84% of Mn, 0.015% of S, 0.010% of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silicomanganese, nickel and chromium in the chrome-nickel steel billet are derived from the raw materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has one or more of the following beneficial effects:
1. the waste low-grade ore is used for completely replacing the traditional rich iron ore, and steel with higher strength and quality is provided by less process steps and lower smelting cost than the rich iron ore, so that the reutilization of waste resources is realized, and the mine environment is protected;
2. the steel conforming to the national standard strength is prepared from the waste ore by a series of smelting processes in a low-cost mode, the technical bias that the waste ore formed in the steel industry cannot be utilized is overcome, the production cost of steel enterprises is greatly reduced, and the excessive dependence on the traditional rich ore is restrained/reduced, and the rich iron ore prices of three international mines are reduced;
3. silicon, manganese, nickel and chromium in the chromium-nickel steel billet come from the raw materials, and a silicon-manganese alloy does not need to be added to increase the strength of steel, so that the process is shortened and the cost is reduced;
4. and the nickel-chromium alloy is not required to be added, so that the production cost is further reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. It will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore to replace rich iron ore as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method is characterized in that waste low-grade ore is used as a raw material to replace traditional rich iron ore, and the waste low-grade ore comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-49.5% of TFe, 0.7-2.2% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Ni, and Al2O3 4.5～9％，SiO24-37%, CaO 0.18-1.4%, MgO 0.8-23%, MnO 0.5-2.3%, S0.01-0.3%, P0.008-0.05%, and water 8-40%;
sintering the raw materials to obtain a sintered ore, wherein the sintered ore comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27-48% of TFe, 0.6-2.0% of Cr, 0.6-1.4% of Ni, and Al2O3 4.5～9％，SiO2 5～30％，CaO 5～13.5％，MgO 1.5～13％，MnO 0.5-2.3％，S 0.01～0.3％，P 0.008～0.05％；
Adding coke to perform blast furnace smelting on the sintered ore to obtain molten chrome-nickel iron and a byproduct slag, wherein the molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.5-4.5% of C, 2-4% of Cr, 1-3.5% of Ni, 0.5-5% of Si, 0.5-2% of Mn, 0.02-0.3% of S and 0.008-0.15% of P; al in the sintered ore2O3CaO and MgO are separated in the form of a by-product slag;
smelting in an electric arc furnace or a converter, and directly obtaining a chromium-nickel-containing steel billet after decarburization, dephosphorization, deoxidation and desulfurization, wherein the chromium-nickel-containing steel billet comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.5% of C, 0.5-1.3% of Cr, 1-4% of Ni, 0.05-0.50% of Si, 0.20-1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The method for producing steel using waste low-grade ore instead of iron-rich ore as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the step of adding silicomanganese and nickel-chromium alloy to the conventional iron-rich molten iron in the steel-making process to meet the demand of finished steel products is omitted.
3. The method for producing steel using waste low-grade ore as a raw material instead of iron-rich ore as claimed in claim 2, wherein part of chromium is removed together with phosphorus while removing phosphorus.
4. The method for producing steel using waste low-grade ore instead of iron-rich ore as a raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that G20Cr2Ni4, 37CrNi3, 30CrNi3, 20CrNi3, 34CrNi3Mo, 34Cr2Ni4MoV, 34CrNi3Mo6, 12CrNi3, 25Cr2Ni4Mo, 30Cr2Ni4Mo, 18Cr2Ni4W, 34CrNi3Mo7-2, 25Cr2Ni4MoV, 12Cr2Ni4, 30Cr2Ni4MoV, 24CrNi3MoV, Ni2024, or NAK80 is produced using the chrome-nickel slab. 40CrNi, 45CrNi, G20CrNi2Mo, 20CrNiMo, 32CrNi, 20CrNi, GCr15Ni, 17CrNiMo6(H), 17Cr2Ni2H, 14CN5, 19CN5, 30Cr2Ni2Mo, 40CrNiMo (A), 12CrNi2, 20CrNi2, 8620H, 20CrNi2Mo, 34CrNiMo6(34CrNiMo), 40CrNi2Mo, 17CrNi6, 5CrNiMo, 36CrNi2Mo4, 25CrNiMo, 60CrNiMo, 17Cr2Ni2Mo, 09MnNiD, 17CrNiMo6-4, 13CrNiMoV, 3Cr2NiMo, 4340, 136, 18CrNi6-6H, 17CrNi 6-6856H, 18CrNi6-6H, 18 CrNiCrNi 6-6856, 6-6, 6 CrNiC 6, 6 CrNiCr 2 NiCl 6-6, NCK 6, 3Cr2, 6, K6, 6853 Cr2 CrNiCZ-6, 6853, K6, K6, 6853 CrNiCZ-6, K6, 6853 CrNiCZ-6853 CrNi2Mo, 6, K6, K6853, K6, K6853 CrNi2Mo, K6, K6853 CrNi2Mo, K6, K6853 CrNi2Mo, K6, K6853 CrNi2Mo, K6853 CrNi 2K 6, K6853 CrNi2Mo, K6853 CrNi2Mo, K6, K6853 CrNi 2K 6, K6853 CrNi 2K 6, K6853 CrNi 2K.
5. The method for producing steel using waste low-grade ore as a raw material instead of iron-rich ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the alloying elements of Si, Mn, Ni and Cr in the steel slab are derived from the raw material in addition to other alloying elements required by the steel type.
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| CN202210339048.XA CN114717411A (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | Method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore as raw material instead of iron-rich ore |
| PCT/CN2022/109556 WO2023184811A1 (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-01 | Method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore instead of rich iron ore as raw material |
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| WO2023184811A1 (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-10-05 | 巩义市董氏模板有限公司 | Method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore instead of rich iron ore as raw material |
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| CN114717411A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-08 | 巩义市董氏模板有限公司 | Method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore as raw material instead of iron-rich ore |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023184811A1 (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-10-05 | 巩义市董氏模板有限公司 | Method for producing steel by using waste low-grade ore instead of rich iron ore as raw material |
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