CN114717040B - 一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物 - Google Patents
一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114717040B CN114717040B CN202110011725.0A CN202110011725A CN114717040B CN 114717040 B CN114717040 B CN 114717040B CN 202110011725 A CN202110011725 A CN 202110011725A CN 114717040 B CN114717040 B CN 114717040B
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- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 56
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 claims description 36
- -1 amide boric acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP([O-])OCCCC BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LXCYSACZTOKNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCO[P+](=O)OCC LXCYSACZTOKNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- TZGPACAKMCUCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CO TZGPACAKMCUCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- HDIBKVVPMJKRGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)OCC(CC)CCCC HDIBKVVPMJKRGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QBCOASQOMILNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO[P+](=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC QBCOASQOMILNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BAKDLAFAVHBXHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP([O-])OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BAKDLAFAVHBXHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005040 tridecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005065 undecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
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- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
- C08F8/32—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups by reaction with amines
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- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/40—Introducing phosphorus atoms or phosphorus-containing groups
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- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其包含以下组分:(A)抗磨型复合无灰分散剂:0.5~5重量份;(B)复合节能添加剂:1~5重量份;(C)车辆齿轮油复合剂:1~10重量份;(D)黏度指数改进剂:1~15重量份;(E)降凝剂:0.1~2重量份;(F)基础油:75~95重量份。本发明提供的车辆齿轮油组合物摩擦系数较低,具有优良的极压抗磨性,热氧化安定性和较好的节能效果,与普通车辆齿轮油相比,寿命明显延长,传动效率明显提升,实现了节能环保的目标。本发明还涉及一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物的制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于润滑油及润滑油添加剂技术领域,具体涉及一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物。
背景技术
在节能减排的大趋势下,汽车行业将研究的重点放在发动机总成上,但随着发动机节能潜力的不断挖掘,继续提升的难度和成本日趋增加。因此,对传动***的节油性能研究提上了日程,成为整车开发环节的重要一环。
目前,市场上主流车辆传动***采用的齿轮油依然强调性能需求,对节能方面还未引起较大关注。随着节能环保、燃油经济性等方面要求的不断提高,对驱动桥油品都提出了更高的要求。通过减少换挡齿轮和轴承齿轮传动的摩擦损失,进而能提高齿轮***的传动效率。车辆齿轮油的节能效果往往与配方体系的设计特别是添加剂的选择有很大关系。
发明内容
基于以上所述,本发明的目的在于提供一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物。相对于普通GL-5规格的重负荷车辆齿轮油,本发明提供的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,具有更好的极压抗磨性、热氧化稳定性和节能性能,并且,与普通产品相比,寿命明显延长,传动效率明显提升。
为此,本发明提供一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,包含以下组分:
(A)抗磨型复合无灰分散剂:0.5~5重量份;
(B)复合节能添加剂:1~5重量份;
(C)车辆齿轮油复合剂:1~10重量份;
(D)黏度指数改进剂:1~15重量份;
(E)降凝剂:0.1~2重量份;
(F)基础油:75~95重量份。
2、根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,包含以下组分:
(A)抗磨型复合无灰分散剂:1~5重量份;
(B)复合节能添加剂:2~5重量份;
(C)车辆齿轮油复合剂:2~10重量份;
(D)黏度指数改进剂:5~15重量份;
(E)降凝剂:0.3~2重量份;
(F)基础油:80~95重量份。
3、根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述组分(A)为聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺和磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺复合而成,且聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺和磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺的质量之比为3~5:1。
4、根据权利要求3所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所选聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺为高分子单挂聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺,其结构式为:
式中PIB为聚异丁烯,聚异丁烯的分子量为1500~3000,n是大于4的正整数。
5、根据权利要求3所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺为单挂或双挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺,优选单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺。
6、根据权利要求5所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺由以下方法制得:
(1)将基础油和低分子聚异丁烯马来酸酐在反应釜中搅拌均匀后,缓慢加入四乙烯五胺,随后升温到130~140℃后反应2~4小时,降温;
(2)随后依次加入硼酸、含磷化合物搅拌均匀后升温到150~160℃后反应4~6小时后过滤,得到单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺;
其中,所述含磷化合物选自磷酸、亚磷酸、五氧化二磷、磷酸酯和亚磷酸酯中的至少一种,优选亚磷酸、亚磷酸二丁酯或亚磷酸二乙酯。
7、根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述组分(B)为烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼、烷基酸性亚磷酸酯和酰胺硼酸酯复合而成,且烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼、烷基亚磷酸酯与酰胺硼酸酯的质量之比为2~4:1~2:1;优选的,所述烷基酸性亚磷酸酯选自亚磷酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、亚磷酸二月桂醇酯和亚磷酸二(十八烯基)酯中的至少一种。
8、根据权利要求7所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼为二烷基二硫代甲酸钼与脂肪胺的络合物,其结构如下:
式中R1、R2、R3、R4分别独立地为C4~C14直链或支链烷基,R1和R2相同或不同,优选的,R1和R2分别为正乙基、正丁基、正己基、正辛基、异辛基或十二烷基,R3和R3相同或不同,优选的,R3和R3分别为正辛基、异辛基、十二烷基或十三烷基。
9、根据权利要求7所述的酰胺硼酸酯,其特征在于,所述酰胺硼酸酯为烷(烯)基乙二醇酰胺硼酸酯,其结构如下:
式中R为C11~C18的烷基或烯烃基,优选地,R为十一烷基、十三烷基、十五烷基、十七烷基、十一烯基、十三烯基、十五烯基或十七烯基。
10、根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述组分(C)为满足GB13895-2018 GL-5重负荷车辆齿轮油规格的齿轮油复合剂,优选所述组分(D)为分散型聚甲基丙烯酸酯,优选所述组分(E)为聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯或蜡裂解的聚α-烯烃。
为此,本发明还提供一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:依次将组分(A)、组分(B)、组分(C)、组分(D)、组分(E)和组分(F)加入调和釜,加热至60~70℃,充分搅拌至少2~3小时,至组合物全部溶解,即得节能型车辆齿轮油。
本发明的有益效果如下:
(1)本发明的抗磨型复合无灰分散剂采用聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺和磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺按一定比例复合而成,保证油品具有良好的高温清净性的同时具有良好的极压抗磨性。
(2)本发明的复合节能添加剂采用烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼、烷基酸性亚磷酸酯和酰胺硼酸酯按一定比例复合而成,低温工况下酰胺硼酸酯的减摩性能较好,高温工况下烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼的减摩性能较好,高速重载工况下烷基酸性亚磷酸酯的减摩性能较好,三种添加剂复配确保油品在各种工况条件下均具有持久的节能减摩效果。
(3)本发明中抗磨型复合无灰分散剂和复合节能添加剂的协同,使得油品具有更好的极压抗磨性、热氧化稳定性和节能性能,寿命明显延长,传动效率明显提升,实现了节能环保的目标。
综上所述,相对于普通GL-5规格的重负荷车辆齿轮油,本发明提供的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物中抗磨型复合无灰分散剂采用聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺和磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺复合而成,保证油品具有良好极压抗磨性的同时具有良好的高温清净性。组合物中复合节能添加剂采用烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼、烷基酸性亚磷酸酯和酰胺硼酸酯复合而成,降低了油品的摩擦系数,低温工况下酰胺硼酸酯的减摩性能较好,高温工况下烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼的减摩性能较好,高速重载工况下烷基酸性亚磷酸酯的减摩性能较好,三种添加剂复配确保油品在各种工况条件下均具有持久的节能减摩效果。抗磨型复合无灰分散剂和复合节能添加剂的协同,使得油品具有更好的极压抗磨性、热氧化稳定性和节能性能,与普通产品相比,寿命明显延长,传动效率明显提升。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的实施例作详细说明:本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例,下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件。
(一)测试方法:
GB/T 5906《石油产品铜片腐蚀试验法》
NB SH/T 0518《车辆齿轮油承载能力的评定L-37法》
NB SH/T 0519《车辆齿轮油抗擦伤性能评定法(L-42法)》
NB SH/T 0517《车辆齿轮油防锈性能的评定L-33-1法》
SH/T 0755《手动变速箱油和后桥用油的热氧化安定性评定法(L-60-1法)》
SRV4高频往复线性振动试验机试验
采用SRV4高频往复线性振动试验机,使用面-面接触的上下试验件铜盘在恒定条件下试验,测量油品的摩擦因数。试验条件为:负荷300N,频率50HZ,时间2h,温度50℃,行程1mm。
FZG齿轮机温升试验
采用FZG齿轮机温升试验,将FZG试验机设置为最高载荷、最低转速,即齿轮转速100r/min,齿面载荷为15826N,齿面接触应力为1841N/mm2,起始油温为40℃,时间为10小时,试验结束后测试油温。
FZG传动效率试验。
在FZG效率试验台上采用FVA345试验方法进行传动效率试验,FZG试验台用于测量在空载、承载及极限摩擦损耗工况下齿轮油功率损耗及对齿轮油的效率评价,并且可以进行试验油与参比油传动效率的比较分析。
(二)参比油
参比油1(GL-5 80W-90)为中国石油润滑油分公司生产的重负荷车辆齿轮油,参比油2(GL-5 80W-90)为壳牌的重负荷车辆齿轮油,上述油品均为市售产品。
(三)具体实施例和对比例
实施例1
该实施例的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,按质量份数计算,包含以下组分:
表1
其中,高分子单挂聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(组分A1)的结构式为:
式中PIB为聚异丁烯,聚异丁烯的分子量为2700,n是大于4的正整数。
其中,单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(组分A2)由以下方法制得:
(1)将VHVI4基础油和数均分子量为1350的聚异丁烯马来酸酐在反应釜中搅拌均匀后,缓慢加入四乙烯五胺,随后升温到140℃后反应2小时,降温;
(2)随后依次加入硼酸、含磷化合物搅拌均匀后升温到150℃后反应5小时后过滤,得到单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺;
其中,所述含磷化合物为亚磷酸二丁酯。
依次将组分(A1)、组分(A2)、组分(B1)、组分(B2)、组分(B3)、组分(C)、组分(D)、组分(E)和组分(F)加入调和釜,加热至60℃,充分搅拌至少2小时,至组合物全部溶解,即得节能型车辆齿轮油。
实施例2
该实施例的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,按质量份数计算,包含以下组分:
表2
其中,高分子单挂聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(组分A1)的结构式为:
式中PIB为聚异丁烯,聚异丁烯的分子量为2700,n是大于4的正整数。
其中,单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(组分A2)由以下方法制得:
(1)将HVIP6基础油和数均分子量为1100的聚异丁烯马来酸酐在反应釜中搅拌均匀后,缓慢加入四乙烯五胺,随后升温到140℃后反应2小时,降温;
(2)随后依次加入硼酸、含磷化合物搅拌均匀后升温到160℃后反应4小时后过滤,得到单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺;
其中,所述含磷化合物为亚磷酸二乙酯。
依次将组分(A1)、组分(A2)、组分(B1)、组分(B2)、组分(B3)、组分(C)、组分(D)、组分(E)和组分(F)加入调和釜,加热至65℃,充分搅拌至少2小时,至组合物全部溶解,即得节能型车辆齿轮油。
实施例3
该实施例的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,按质量份数计算,其原料的组成及含量如下:
表3
其中,高分子单挂聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(组分A1)的结构式为:
式中PIB为聚异丁烯,聚异丁烯的分子量为2700,n是大于4的正整数。
其中,单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(组分A2)由以下方法制得:
(1)将HVIH6基础油和数均分子量为900的聚异丁烯马来酸酐在反应釜中搅拌均匀后,缓慢加入四乙烯五胺,随后升温到135℃后反应2小时,降温;
(2)随后依次加入硼酸、含磷化合物搅拌均匀后升温到155℃后反应6小时后过滤,得到单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺;
其中,所述含磷化合物为亚磷酸二丁酯。
依次将组分(A1)、组分(A2)、组分(B1)、组分(B2)、组分(B3)、组分(C)、组分(D)、组分(E)和组分(F)加入调和釜,加热至65℃,充分搅拌至少2小时,至组合物全部溶解,即得节能型车辆齿轮油。
实施例4
将实施例1、实施例2、实施例3以及对比例1(参比油1)、对比例2(参比油2)然后进行抗氧化性能测试。采用SH/T 0755《手动变速箱油和后桥用油的热氧化安定性评定法(L-60-1法)》,标准试验时间是50小时,本试验时间强化为200h,结果见表4。
表4实施例1、实施例2、实施例3与对比例抗氧化性能测试结果(SH/T 0755)
表4中,其他条件按照SH/T 0755,试验时间延长至200小时。
从表4的可以看出,本发明的节能齿轮油抗抗氧化能力优于参比油,具有很好的抗氧化性能,有助于减少驱动桥内沉积物的形成,具有比参比油更长的使用寿命,可延长换油周期。
实施例5
将实施例1、实施例2、实施例3以及对比例1、对比例2然后进行节能性能测试,包括SRV4高频往复线性振动试验机试验、FZG齿轮机温升试验、FZG传动效率试验。
表5实施例1、实施例2、实施例3与对比例节能性能测试
从表5中SRV摩擦系数结果看出,本发明的实施例1-3制得的节能车辆齿轮油与对比例的参比油相比,具有更低的SRV摩擦系数,说明油品具有良好的节能特性。
从表5中FZG温升结果显示,本发明的实施例1-3制得的节能车辆齿轮油与对比例的参比油相比,在试验结束时具有更低的油温,表明油品具有更高的传动效率,能降低工作温度,减小车辆驱动桥面的摩擦损失。
从表5中FZG传动效率试验显示,本发明的实施例1-3制得的节能车辆齿轮油与对比例的参比油相比,具有更高的传动效率,能延长油品使用寿命。
实施例6
将实施例3进行油品性能测试,结果如下表:
表6实施例3的性能测试结果
由表6结果表明,本发明的节能车辆齿轮油通过了GB13895-2018 GL-5规格要求的L-37、L-42、L-33-1台架,具有优异的极压抗磨性。
当然,本发明还可有其它多种实施例,在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下,熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形,但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (13)
1.一种节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,由以下组分组成:
(A)抗磨型复合无灰分散剂:0.5~5重量份;
(B)复合节能添加剂:1~5重量份;
(C)车辆齿轮油复合剂:1~10重量份;
(D)黏度指数改进剂:1~15重量份;
(E)降凝剂:0.1~2重量份;
(F)基础油:75~95重量份;
所述组分(A)为聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺和磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺复合而成,且聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺和磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺的质量之比为3~5:1;
所述组分(B)为烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼、烷基酸性亚磷酸酯和酰胺硼酸酯复合而成,且烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼、烷基亚磷酸酯与酰胺硼酸酯的质量之比为2~4:1~2:1;
所述烷基酸性亚磷酸酯选自亚磷酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、亚磷酸二月桂醇酯和亚磷酸二(十八烯基)酯中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,由以下组分组成:
(A)抗磨型复合无灰分散剂:1~5重量份;
(B)复合节能添加剂:2~5重量份;
(C)车辆齿轮油复合剂:2~10重量份;
(D)黏度指数改进剂:5~15重量份;
(E)降凝剂:0.3~2重量份;
(F)基础油:80~95重量份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所选聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺为高分子单挂聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺,其结构式为:
式中PIB为聚异丁烯,聚异丁烯的分子量为1500~3000,n是大于4的正整数。
4.根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺为单挂或双挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺。
5.根据权利要求4所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺为单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺。
6.根据权利要求4所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺由以下方法制得:
(1)将基础油和低分子聚异丁烯马来酸酐在反应釜中搅拌均匀后,缓慢加入四乙烯五胺,随后升温到130~140℃后反应2~4小时,降温;
(2)随后依次加入硼酸、含磷化合物搅拌均匀后升温到150~160℃后反应4~6小时后过滤,得到单挂磷硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺;
其中,所述含磷化合物选自磷酸、亚磷酸、五氧化二磷、磷酸酯和亚磷酸酯中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求6所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述含磷化合物为亚磷酸、亚磷酸二丁酯或亚磷酸二乙酯。
8.根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼为二烷基二硫代甲酸钼与脂肪胺的络合物,其结构如下:
式中R1、R2、R3、R4分别独立地为C4~C14直链或支链烷基,R1和R2相同或不同,R3和R4相同或不同。
9.根据权利要求8所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,R1和R2分别为正乙基、正丁基、正己基、正辛基、异辛基或十二烷基;R3和R4分别为正辛基、异辛基、十二烷基或十三烷基。
10.根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述酰胺硼酸酯为烷(烯)基乙二醇酰胺硼酸酯,其结构如下:
式中R为C11~C18的烷基或烯烃基。
11.根据权利要求10所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,R为十一烷基、十三烷基、十五烷基、十七烷基、十一烯基、十三烯基、十五烯基或十七烯基。
12.根据权利要求1所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物,其特征在于,所述组分(C)为满足GB13895-2018 GL-5重负荷车辆齿轮油规格的齿轮油复合剂,所述组分(D)为分散型聚甲基丙烯酸酯,所述组分(E)为聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯或蜡裂解的聚α-烯烃。
13.一种权利要求1-12中任一项所述的节能型车辆齿轮油组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:依次将组分(A)、组分(B)、组分(C)、组分(D)、组分(E)和组分(F)加入调和釜,加热至60~70℃,充分搅拌至少2~3小时,至组合物全部溶解,即得节能型车辆齿轮油。
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