CN114716840A - Preparation method of fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
- C08K2003/387—Borates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, and relates to the field of preparation of composite materials. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing wood-plastic composite material is difficult to simultaneously have the performances of easy degradation, antibiosis and aging resistance. The method comprises the following steps: processing biomass fibers, mixing with a degradable thermoplastic polymer, extruding and molding, and compounding with an antibacterial agent and an anti-aging auxiliary agent. The product of the invention uses degradable plastics, can be completely degraded and is environment-friendly; the antibacterial agent is added to inhibit the growth of bacteria or has sterilization capability and good antibacterial performance; the anti-aging auxiliary agent is added to inhibit and eliminate the harm of ultraviolet rays, so that the damage of external factors such as illumination and the like to the performance of the wood-plastic composite material can be reduced, the phenomenon that the surface of the wood-plastic composite material is easy to generate yellowing or fading is improved, and the anti-aging performance is excellent. The method is used for preparing the full-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite material preparation.
Background
The wood-Plastic Composite (WPC) is a novel Composite material with high performance and high added value, which is prepared by crushing waste wood, crop straws and the like to prepare powder, then taking the powder together with plastics as a raw material, adding various auxiliaries, and carrying out processing technologies such as hot-pressing compounding or melt extrusion. The wood-plastic composite material has the advantages of good elastic modulus, compression resistance, bending resistance, durability and the like, and has the characteristics of raw material recycling, cost economy, product plasticity, environmental protection in use, recycling and biochemical treatment and the like. Therefore, the wood-plastic composite material is widely applied to industries such as building materials, furniture, logistics packaging and the like.
However, most of the wood-plastic composite materials adopt petroleum-based polymer materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride, however, with the increasing decrease of petroleum reserves, the petroleum price is continuously increased, and the difficulty of solid waste treatment is increased, thereby causing environmental and economic problems, so that people begin to hope to relieve the current environmental and economic crisis caused by plastic products by preparing biodegradable polymer materials. Therefore, the biodegradable wood-plastic composite material used for replacing the traditional wood-plastic composite material becomes a new research direction. The WPC is completely degradable, is obtained by compounding the degradable resin serving as a matrix and the natural fiber serving as a reinforcing material, overcomes the defects of the traditional WPC, and realizes percent degradability. But also has the problems of poor resistance to microorganisms, easy degradation and poor aging resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material, aiming at solving the technical problem that the existing wood-plastic composite material is difficult to have the performances of easy degradation, antibacterial property and aging resistance.
A preparation method of a fully-degradable antibacterial wood-plastic composite material specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying the biomass fibers, and controlling the water content to be lower than 3%;
step two: treating the biomass fibers dried in the step one by using a coupling agent solution, and then drying;
step three: mixing the degradable thermoplastic polymer and the biomass fiber treated in the second step in a high-speed mixer to obtain a degradable wood-plastic base material mixture; the mass percentage of the biomass fibers in the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture is 50-80%;
step four: putting the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture obtained in the third step into a double-screw extruder, performing extrusion molding, cooling, and then putting into a crusher for crushing to obtain degradable wood-plastic composite master batches;
step five: extruding and molding the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch obtained in the step four to obtain a degradable wood-plastic composite profile;
step six: and (4) compounding the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite material section obtained in the fifth step to obtain a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, and finishing the preparation.
Further, in the third step, the degradable thermoplastic polymer is PBAT particles, PPC particles, PBS particles or PLA particles.
And further, mixing for 5-7 min by using a high-speed mixer in the third step, wherein the rotating speed is 1000 r/min.
Further, the extrusion molding process in the fifth step is as follows: putting the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch into a charging barrel of an extrusion molding machine, heating to 160-180 ℃, and melting uniformly; and forming the melt through a die in front of the charging barrel, and obtaining the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile through gradient cooling, cooling shaping and traction.
The antibacterial agent can be selected from chlorothalonil, silver-loaded chitosan, zinc borate, quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial agent, nano zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antibacterial agent, silver-loaded zeolite antibacterial agent and the like.
The anti-aging auxiliary agent can be ultraviolet absorbent, hindered amine light stabilizer, inorganic pigment and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the product of the invention uses degradable plastics, can be completely degraded and is environment-friendly; the antibacterial agent is added to inhibit the growth of bacteria or has the sterilization capability, so that the antibacterial performance is good; the anti-aging auxiliary agent is added to inhibit and eliminate the harm of ultraviolet rays, so that the damage of external factors such as illumination and the like to the performance of the wood-plastic composite material can be reduced, the phenomenon that the surface of the wood-plastic composite material is easy to generate yellowing or fading is improved, and the anti-aging performance is excellent; the surface is polished and treated by plasma, so that the bonding strength of the surface decorative material and the wood-plastic base material is improved; the plastic film on the surface can protect the lower decorative sheet and prolong the service life of the material.
The method is used for preparing the full-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material prepared in example two, wherein 1 represents an antibacterial aging-resistant surface decoration material, 2 represents an adhesive, and 3 represents a degradable wood-plastic composite material profile.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying the biomass fibers, and controlling the water content to be lower than 3%;
step two: treating the biomass fibers dried in the step one by using a coupling agent solution, and then drying;
step three: putting the degradable thermoplastic polymer and the biomass fiber treated in the step two into a high-speed mixer for mixing to obtain a degradable wood-plastic base material mixture; the mass percentage of the biomass fibers in the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture is 50-80%;
step four: putting the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture obtained in the step three into a double-screw extruder, performing extrusion molding, cooling, and then putting into a crusher for crushing to obtain degradable wood-plastic composite master batches; the grain size of the master batch is 3-6 mm;
step five: extruding and molding the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch obtained in the step four to obtain a degradable wood-plastic composite profile;
step six: and (4) compounding the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite material section obtained in the fifth step to obtain a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, and finishing the preparation.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and step two, the coupling agent is KH550, KH560, E44, an aluminate coupling agent or a titanate coupling agent, and the mass concentration of the coupling agent solution is 1-2%. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the first or second difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and step two, the coupling agent solution treatment comprises the following steps: the coupling agent solution was sprayed on the biomass fibers and then left for 2 h. The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to third embodiments is: and step three, the degradable thermoplastic polymer is PBAT particles, PPC particles, PBS particles or PLA particles. The others are the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: and step three, mixing for 5-7 min by using a high-speed mixer at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min. The other is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: the extrusion molding temperature of the fourth step is 130-180 ℃. The other is the same as one of the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: step five the extrusion molding process is as follows: putting the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch into a charging barrel of an extrusion molding machine, heating to 160-180 ℃, and melting uniformly; and forming the melt through a die in front of the charging barrel, and obtaining the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile through gradient cooling, cooling shaping and traction. The other is the same as one of the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: sixthly, the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite sectional material comprises the following steps:
mechanically polishing the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile, then carrying out jet plasma treatment, brushing a mixed solution of an antibacterial agent and an anti-aging auxiliary agent on the surface of the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile subjected to plasma treatment, then rolling and rubbing textures;
the jet plasma treatment process comprises the following steps: the plasma jet height was 30mm, the treatment time was 20s, and the treatment atmosphere was air. The other is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: sixthly, the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite sectional material comprises the following steps:
under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure, soaking the decorative material in a mixed solution of an antibacterial agent and an anti-aging auxiliary agent for 1-1.5 hours, taking out and airing to prepare an antibacterial anti-aging surface decorative material;
mechanically polishing the surface of the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile, then coating an adhesive, laying an antibacterial aging-resistant surface decorative material, placing for 10-15min, and performing hot pressing treatment;
controlling the hot-pressing pressure to be 0.4-1MPa, the temperature to be 80-110 ℃ and the time to be 15-50 s. The rest is the same as the first to eighth embodiments.
The decorative material is decorative cloth or veneer.
The adhesive is thermosetting resin or normal-temperature curing resin; such as urea formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, isocyanate modified opal glue or protein glue.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to ninth embodiments in that: sixthly, the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite sectional material comprises the following steps:
mixing the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the plastic, preparing an antibacterial anti-aging plastic film by adopting a hot pressing process, stacking the decorative material and the antibacterial anti-aging plastic film, and performing hot pressing compounding to prepare a decorative sheet with one surface covered with the plastic film;
carrying out plasma treatment on the degradable wood-plastic composite material section, and controlling the plasma treatment speed to be 3m/min and the discharge power to be 3 kW; and then coating an adhesive on the degradable wood-plastic composite material section, covering a decorative sheet, placing for 10-15min with one side of a plastic film facing outwards, performing hot-pressing treatment, and controlling the hot-pressing pressure to be 0.4-1MPa, the temperature to be 80-150 ℃ and the time to be 15-50 s. The other is the same as one of the first to ninth embodiments.
The decorative material is decorative cloth or veneer.
The adhesive is thermosetting resin or normal-temperature curing resin; such as urea formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, isocyanate modified opal glue or protein glue.
The following examples and comparative experiments were used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying the biomass fibers at 105 ℃, wherein the moisture content of the dried biomass fibers is lower than 3%;
the biomass fiber is wood fiber;
step two: spraying a coupling agent solution on the biomass fibers dried in the step one, standing for 2 hours, and then performing drying treatment, wherein the drying temperature is 105 ℃, and the drying time is 8 hours;
the coupling agent is KH550, and the mass concentration of the coupling agent solution is 1-2%;
step three: mixing the degradable thermoplastic polymer and the biomass fiber treated in the step two in a high-speed mixer for 5min at the rotating speed of 1000r/min to obtain a degradable wood-plastic base material mixture; wherein the mass percentage content of the biomass fiber in the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture is 50 percent;
the degradable thermoplastic polymer is PBAT particles;
step four: putting the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture obtained in the step three into a double-screw extruder, controlling the temperature to be 130 ℃, performing extrusion molding, cooling, and then putting into a crusher for crushing to obtain degradable wood-plastic composite master batches; the grain size of the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch is 6 mm;
step five: extruding and molding the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch obtained in the fourth step to obtain a degradable wood-plastic composite section;
the extrusion molding process comprises the following steps: putting the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch into a charging barrel of an extrusion molding machine, heating to 160 ℃, and melting uniformly; forming the melt through a mouth die in front of the charging barrel, and obtaining the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile through gradient cooling, cooling shaping and traction;
step six: and (4) compounding the antibacterial agent, the ageing-resistant additive and the degradable wood-plastic composite section obtained in the fifth step to obtain a fully-degradable antibacterial ageing-resistant wood-plastic composite material, and completing preparation.
Sixthly, the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite sectional material comprises the following steps:
mechanically polishing the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile, then carrying out jet plasma treatment, brushing a mixed solution of an antibacterial agent and an anti-aging auxiliary agent on the surface of the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile subjected to plasma treatment, then rolling and rubbing textures;
the jet plasma treatment process comprises the following steps: the plasma jet height was 30mm, the treatment time was 20s, and the treatment atmosphere was air.
The antibacterial agent and the anti-aging auxiliary agent are both commercially available commodities, and the antibacterial agent is silver-loaded chitosan; the anti-aging auxiliary agent is an ultraviolet absorbent UV326 (C)17H18N3OCl). The mass ratio of the antibacterial agent to the anti-aging auxiliary agent is 1: 1.
example two:
the embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying the biomass fibers at 105 ℃, wherein the moisture content of the dried biomass fibers is lower than 3%;
the biomass fibers are straw fibers;
step two: spraying a coupling agent solution on the biomass fibers dried in the step one, standing for 2 hours, and then performing drying treatment, wherein the drying temperature is 105 ℃, and the drying time is 8 hours;
the coupling agent is KH560, and the mass concentration of the coupling agent solution is 1-2%;
step three: mixing the degradable thermoplastic polymer and the biomass fiber treated in the step two in a high-speed mixer for 6min at the rotating speed of 1000r/min to obtain a degradable wood-plastic base material mixture; wherein the mass percentage of the biomass fiber in the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture is 55 percent;
the degradable thermoplastic polymer is PBS particles;
step four: putting the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture obtained in the step three into a double-screw extruder, controlling the temperature to be 140 ℃, performing extrusion molding, cooling, and then putting into a crusher for crushing to obtain degradable wood-plastic composite master batches; the grain size of the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch is 6 mm;
step five: extruding and molding the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch obtained in the step four to obtain a degradable wood-plastic composite profile;
the extrusion molding process comprises the following steps: putting the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch into a charging barrel of an extrusion molding machine, heating to 160 ℃, and melting uniformly; forming the melt through a mouth die in front of the charging barrel, and obtaining the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile through gradient cooling, cooling shaping and traction;
step six: and (4) compounding the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite material section obtained in the fifth step to obtain a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, and finishing the preparation.
Sixthly, the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite sectional material comprises the following steps:
under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure, soaking the decorative material in a mixed solution of an antibacterial agent and an anti-aging auxiliary agent for 1.5 hours, taking out and airing to prepare an antibacterial anti-aging type surface decorative material with the water content of 8 percent;
mechanically polishing the surface of the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile, then coating an adhesive, laying an antibacterial aging-resistant surface decorative material, standing for 15min, and performing hot pressing treatment;
controlling the hot-pressing pressure to be 0.5MPa, the temperature to be 80 ℃ and the time to be 30 s.
The decorative material is decorative cloth.
The adhesive is isocyanate modified milky white adhesive.
The antibacterial agent is zinc borate; the anti-aging auxiliary agent is hindered amine light stabilizer L-944 (C)35H64N8)n。
The mass ratio of the antibacterial agent to the anti-aging auxiliary agent is 1: 1.
Example three:
the preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial wood-plastic composite material comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying the biomass fibers at 105 ℃, wherein the moisture content of the dried biomass fibers is lower than 3%;
the biomass fiber is wood fiber;
step two: spraying a coupling agent solution on the biomass fibers dried in the step one, standing for 2 hours, and then performing drying treatment, wherein the drying temperature is 105 ℃, and the drying time is 8 hours;
the coupling agent is an aluminate coupling agent, and the mass concentration of the coupling agent solution is 1-2%;
step three: mixing the degradable thermoplastic polymer and the biomass fiber treated in the step two in a high-speed mixer for 7min at the rotating speed of 1000r/min to obtain a degradable wood-plastic base material mixture; wherein the mass percentage content of the biomass fiber in the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture is 60%;
the degradable thermoplastic polymer is PLA particles;
step four: putting the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture obtained in the step three into a double-screw extruder, controlling the temperature to be 170 ℃, performing extrusion molding, cooling, and then putting into a crusher for crushing to obtain degradable wood-plastic composite master batches; the grain size of the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch is 6 mm;
step five: extruding and molding the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch obtained in the step four to obtain a degradable wood-plastic composite profile;
the extrusion molding process comprises the following steps: putting the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch into a charging barrel of an extrusion molding machine, heating to 180 ℃, and melting uniformly; forming the melt through a mouth die in front of the charging barrel, and obtaining the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile through gradient cooling, cooling shaping and traction;
step six: and (4) compounding the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite material section obtained in the fifth step to obtain a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, and finishing the preparation.
Sixthly, the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite sectional material comprises the following steps:
mixing the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the plastic, preparing an antibacterial anti-aging plastic film by adopting a hot pressing process, stacking the decorative material and the antibacterial anti-aging plastic film, compounding by hot pressing, and controlling the hot pressing pressure to be 1.6MPa, the temperature to be 180 ℃ and the time to be 150s to prepare a decorative sheet with one surface covered with the plastic film;
carrying out plasma treatment on the degradable wood-plastic composite material section, and controlling the plasma treatment speed to be 3m/min and the discharge power to be 3 kW; and then coating an adhesive on the degradable wood-plastic composite section, covering the decorative sheet, wherein one side of the plastic film faces outwards, placing for 15min, performing hot-pressing treatment, and controlling the hot-pressing pressure to be 1.0MPa, the temperature to be 150 ℃ and the time to be 40 s.
The decorative material is veneer;
the adhesive is urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive.
The antibacterial agent is a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial agent; the anti-aging auxiliary agent is inorganic pigment carbon black, and the mass ratio of the antibacterial agent to the anti-aging auxiliary agent is 1: 1.
The fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material prepared in the example is subjected to a performance test, and the result is as follows:
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties and discoloration
TABLE 2 influence of the amount of antimicrobial agent on the bacteriostatic effect of the composite
It can be seen from tables 1 and 2 that the mechanical properties of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite materials prepared in the examples are slowly reduced, and the fading degree is reduced.
Aging resistance: the prepared decorative plate has the advantages of low brightness value change, small fading degree, slow reduction of mechanical strength and strong aging resistance when being aged. Compared with the processing process without adding the anti-aging agent, the samples of the first, second and third embodiments added with the anti-aging agent have higher mechanical property retention rates of 95.1%, 94.9% and 93.7% after aging for 1000 hours; the mechanical property retention rate of the test material without the aging inhibitor is only 88.2 percent. Meanwhile, the lightness change values of the fading amplitude of the characterization test material are smaller than 14 of the control group, which indicates that the fading degree is slight. The method of the invention has the function of aging resistance.
Antibacterial property: the antibacterial agent of the wood-plastic composite material prepared by the invention can gradually enter a cell body by combining with anions on the surface of a microbial cell membrane, and can react with certain groups on the surface of the cell to prevent the generation of protein and the cell membrane, thereby inhibiting the growth and the propagation of Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus and achieving better antibacterial effect.
Full degradability: the test material without the antibacterial agent basically does not generate a bacteriostatic circle, but the diameter of the bacteriostatic circle of the third embodiment is obviously enlarged, and the bacteriostatic action on the Escherichia coli is especially obvious.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying the biomass fibers, and controlling the water content to be lower than 3%;
step two: treating the biomass fibers dried in the step one by using a coupling agent solution, and then drying;
step three: putting the degradable thermoplastic polymer and the biomass fiber treated in the step two into a high-speed mixer for mixing to obtain a degradable wood-plastic base material mixture; the mass percentage of the biomass fibers in the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture is 50-80%;
step four: putting the degradable wood-plastic base material mixture obtained in the step three into a double-screw extruder, performing extrusion molding, cooling, and then putting into a crusher for crushing to obtain degradable wood-plastic composite master batches; the grain diameter of the master batch is 3-6 mm;
step five: extruding and molding the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch obtained in the step four to obtain a degradable wood-plastic composite profile;
step six: and (4) compounding the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the degradable wood-plastic composite material section obtained in the fifth step to obtain a fully-degradable antibacterial anti-aging wood-plastic composite material, and finishing the preparation.
2. The preparation method of the fully degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coupling agent in the second step is KH550, KH560, E44, an aluminate coupling agent or a titanate coupling agent, and the mass concentration of the coupling agent solution is 1-2%.
3. The preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coupling agent solution treatment in step two is: the coupling agent solution was sprayed on the biomass fibers and then left for 2 h.
4. The preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degradable thermoplastic polymer in step three is PBAT particles, PPC particles, PBS particles or PLA particles.
5. The preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the third step is carried out by mixing for 5-7 min with a high-speed mixer at a rotation speed of 1000 r/min.
6. The preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extrusion molding temperature in the fourth step is 130 ℃ to 180 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extrusion molding process of step five is as follows: putting the degradable wood-plastic composite master batch into a charging barrel of an extrusion molding machine, heating to 160-180 ℃, and melting uniformly; and forming the melt through a die in front of the charging barrel, and obtaining the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile through gradient cooling, cooling shaping and traction.
8. The preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the aging-resistant additive and the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile in step six is as follows:
mechanically polishing the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile, then carrying out jet plasma treatment, brushing a mixed solution of an antibacterial agent and an anti-aging auxiliary agent on the surface of the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile subjected to plasma treatment, then rolling and rubbing textures;
the jet plasma treatment process comprises the following steps: the plasma jet height was 30mm, the treatment time was 20s, and the treatment atmosphere was air.
9. The preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the aging-resistant additive and the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile in step six is as follows:
under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure, soaking the decorative material in a mixed solution of an antibacterial agent and an anti-aging auxiliary agent for 1-1.5 hours, taking out and airing to prepare an antibacterial anti-aging surface decorative material;
mechanically polishing the surface of the degradable wood-plastic composite material section, then coating an adhesive, laying an antibacterial aging-resistant surface decorative material, placing for 10-15min, and performing hot pressing treatment;
controlling the hot-pressing pressure to be 0.4-1MPa, the temperature to be 80-110 ℃ and the time to be 15-50 s.
10. The preparation method of the fully-degradable antibacterial aging-resistant wood-plastic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compounding method of the antibacterial agent, the aging-resistant additive and the degradable wood-plastic composite material profile in step six is as follows:
mixing the antibacterial agent, the anti-aging auxiliary agent and the plastic, preparing an antibacterial anti-aging plastic film by adopting a hot pressing process, stacking the decorative material and the antibacterial anti-aging plastic film, and performing hot pressing compounding to prepare a decorative sheet with one surface covered with the plastic film;
carrying out plasma treatment on the degradable wood-plastic composite material section, and controlling the plasma treatment speed to be 3m/min and the discharge power to be 3 kW; and then coating an adhesive on the degradable wood-plastic composite material section, covering a decorative sheet, placing for 10-15min with one side of a plastic film facing outwards, performing hot-pressing treatment, and controlling the hot-pressing pressure to be 0.4-1MPa, the temperature to be 80-150 ℃ and the time to be 15-50 s.
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