CN114716202B - Anti-crack mortar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-crack mortar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114716202B CN114716202B CN202210264064.7A CN202210264064A CN114716202B CN 114716202 B CN114716202 B CN 114716202B CN 202210264064 A CN202210264064 A CN 202210264064A CN 114716202 B CN114716202 B CN 114716202B
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- polyvinyl alcohol
- basalt
- crack mortar
- alcohol hydrogel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses anti-crack mortar and a preparation method thereof. The anti-crack mortar comprises the following components in parts by mass: and (3) cementing materials: 100 parts of (A); the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell type composite particle comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 to 20 portions; sand: 80-370 parts of a stabilizer; water: 25 to 60 portions. The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the cementing material, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles, sand and water to obtain the anti-crack mortar. The basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite particles are added into the anti-crack mortar, so that the anti-crack mortar has high compression resistance and high anti-crack performance, is good in durability, small in environmental load of the whole life cycle, simple in preparation process and low in cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to anti-crack mortar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cement-based material refers to an engineering material taking cement as a cementing material, and common cement-based materials comprise concrete, mortar and the like. The cement-based material has the advantages of high compressive strength, convenient and quick manufacture and construction, high cost performance and the like, but has high brittleness and poor crack resistance, is easy to crack under the action of stress and is easy to be corroded by external media. The cement-based building generally needs to be repaired for many times in the whole service process, and even the situation that the building has to be dismantled under the condition of not reaching the designed service life because the performance of the cement-based building material is seriously deteriorated can occur, so that the resource and energy consumption of the whole life cycle of the building structure can be greatly increased, and the environmental load can be increased.
At present, fiber materials, super Absorbent Polymers (SAP), auxiliary gelling materials and the like are mainly introduced into cement-based materials to improve the crack resistance to a certain extent. The fiber toughening mainly acts on cracks of tens of microns or even millimeters, so that the formation and initial expansion of microcracks are difficult to effectively avoid, and even the migration of external ions can be further accelerated due to a multi-crack cracking effect. The SAP can rapidly release water to supplement the water in the cement-based material, thereby reducing the self-shrinkage of the cement-based material and solving the problem of early shrinkage and cracking of the cement-based material, but the strength of the cement-based material is reduced because the holes left by the SAP after dehydration are too much and too large. The simple introduction of the auxiliary cementing material can not change the brittle nature of slurry, and the improvement range of the crack resistance of the cement-based material is small. In conclusion, the existing methods can not obviously improve the crack resistance of the cement-based material on the premise of ensuring that the strength of the cement-based material is basically unchanged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide anti-crack mortar and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the anti-crack mortar comprises the following components in parts by mass:
and (3) cementing materials: 100 parts of (A);
the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell type composite particle comprises the following components: 0.4 to 20 portions;
sand: 80-370 parts of a stabilizer;
water: 25 to 60 portions.
Preferably, the cementitious material is portland cement.
Further preferably, the cementing material is selected from at least one of ordinary portland cement and composite portland cement.
Preferably, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles comprise basalt particles and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel coated with the basalt particles.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the basalt particles to the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel in the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles is 1.
Preferably, the particle size of the basalt particles is less than 50 μm, and the median particle size is 25 μm to 40 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles is 30-80 μm.
Preferably, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particle is prepared by the following method: dispersing polyvinyl alcohol, a cross-linking agent and an initiator in water to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution, coating the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution on the surface of the basalt particle in an atomizing and spraying manner, and performing freezing-unfreezing cycle to obtain the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particle.
Further preferably, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particle is prepared by the following method: stirring and dispersing polyvinyl alcohol in water, adding a cross-linking agent and an initiator to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution, carrying out acid washing and water washing on basalt particles until washing liquid is neutral and dry, coating the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution on the surfaces of basalt particles in an atomizing and spraying manner, and carrying out freezing-unfreezing circulation to obtain the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the water, the cross-linking agent and the initiator in the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution is 1.
Preferably, the crosslinking agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, dicyclopentadiene acrylate, and polyester acrylate.
Preferably, the initiator is at least one selected from potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, sodium bisulfite, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate.
Preferably, the stirring and dispersing are carried out at 60-95 ℃, and the dispersing time is 2-4 h.
Preferably, the acid washing is carried out in hydrochloric acid solution with the temperature of 20-60 ℃ and the concentration of 0.5-3.0 mol/L, and the acid washing time is 5-100 min.
Preferably, the freeze-thaw cycle is specifically operated as follows: freezing at the temperature of minus 25 ℃ to minus 5 ℃ for 12h to 16h, and unfreezing at the temperature of 15 ℃ to 25 ℃ for 4h to 12h as 1 cycle, and circulating for 2 times to 6 times.
Preferably, the sand is selected from at least one of river sand, quartz sand and standard sand.
Preferably, the sand has a particle size of 30 to 140 mesh.
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the cementing material, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles, sand and water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite particles are added into the anti-crack mortar, so that the anti-crack mortar has high compression resistance and high anti-crack performance, is good in durability, small in environmental load of the whole life cycle, simple in preparation process and low in cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1) The method adopts the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite particles with the particle size of 30-80 mu m to replace part of the cementing material to prepare the anti-crack mortar, so that the initial cracking time of the anti-crack mortar is increased by 30-200%, the fracture energy is increased by 50-200%, and the crack width is reduced by 20-90%;
2) The basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite particles added into the anti-crack mortar can participate in the formation of a stable skeleton structure of a hardened body, and meanwhile, the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel has strong hydrophilicity and is stably combined with a hydrated product matrix, so that the formation and expansion of microcracks can be effectively reduced;
3) The basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite particles added into the anti-crack mortar have high compatibility with cement-based materials, can keep the structure stabilization effect under a high-alkaline environment, cannot generate depolymerization products to cover the surface of the active gelling component to inhibit hydration, has obvious hydrogel flexible deformation energy absorption effect, and can effectively improve the anti-crack capability of the cement-based materials;
4) The basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite particles added into the anti-crack mortar have the advantages of high tensile strength and high ductility of polymers, and meanwhile, the rigid supporting effect of the basalt particles can be utilized to reduce the volume shrinkage of the composite particles, ensure the continuous transmission of internal stress, fully utilize the intrinsic flexible dissipation effect of the hydrogel, and remarkably improve the anti-crack performance of the cement-based material.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to specific examples.
The basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles in examples 1 to 5 were prepared by the following method:
1) Adding 10 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol into 10 parts by mass of deionized water, stirring at a constant temperature of 70 ℃ for 2 hours, and then adding 0.2 part by mass of dicyclopentadienyl acrylate and 0.03 part by mass of potassium persulfate to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution;
2) Adding 10 parts by mass of basalt particles (the particle size is less than 50 mu m, and the median particle size is 35 mu m) into 30mL of 1.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring at the constant temperature of 38 ℃ for 20min, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing the filtered solid with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, and drying to constant weight;
3) Coating 10 parts by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution on the surface of 10 parts by mass of the basalt particles treated in the step 2) in an atomizing and spraying manner, and performing 2 times of freezing-unfreezing cycles, namely freezing for 16 hours at-20 ℃ and unfreezing for 8 hours at 18 ℃ as 1 time of cycles to obtain the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles (the particle size is 30-80 mu m).
Example 1:
an anti-crack mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 composition table of anti-crack mortar
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the portland cement, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles, the standard sand and the water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
Example 2:
an anti-crack mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 composition table of anti-crack mortar
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the portland cement, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles, the standard sand and water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
Example 3:
an anti-crack mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 3 composition table of anti-crack mortar
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the portland cement, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles, the standard sand and the water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
Example 4:
an anti-crack mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 4 composition table of anti-crack mortar
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the portland cement, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles, the river sand and the water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
Example 5:
an anti-crack mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 5 composition table of anti-crack mortar
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the portland cement, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles, the quartz sand and water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
Comparative example 1:
an anti-crack mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 6 composition table of anti-crack mortar
| Starting materials | Parts by mass |
| Portland cement (strength grade 42.5R) | 450 |
| Standard sand | 1350 |
| Water (W) | 225 |
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the silicate cement, the standard sand and the water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
Comparative example 2:
an anti-crack mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 7 composition table of anti-crack mortar
| Starting materials | Parts by mass |
| Portland cement (strength grade 42.5R) | 400 |
| Fly ash (C type II level) | 50 |
| Standard sand | 450 |
| Water (I) | 202.5 |
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the portland cement, the fly ash, the standard sand and the water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
Comparative example 3:
an anti-crack mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 8 composition table of anti-crack mortar
| Starting materials | Parts by mass |
| Portland cement (strength grade 42.5R) | 400 |
| Mineral powder (grain size 10-30 μm) | 50 |
| Standard sand | 450 |
| Water (W) | 200 |
The preparation method of the anti-crack mortar comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the portland cement, the mineral powder, the standard sand and the water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
And (4) performance testing:
the anti-crack mortar of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for mechanical properties and anti-crack properties with reference to "GB/T17671-1999 Cement mortar Strength test method (ISO method)" and "Standard test method for measuring crack aging and induced tensile stress characteristics of mortar and concrete under restrained shrinkage" ASTM C1581/C1581M-2009a, and the test results are shown in the following Table:
TABLE 9 test results of mechanical properties and crack resistance of the crack resistant mortars of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from Table 9:
1) Compared with the comparative example 1, the fracture-resistant mortar in the example 1 has the advantages that the breaking strength and the compressive strength are reduced by 7% and 4%, the initial crack time is remarkably increased, the crack width is reduced by 50%, the fracture energy is improved by 72%, and the crack resistance is greatly improved;
2) Compared with the comparative example 2, the anti-crack mortar prepared by only using 4% of basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles to replace the cementing material portland cement achieves the same anti-crack performance as the anti-crack mortar prepared by using 10% of fly ash to replace the cementing material portland cement;
3) The anti-crack mortar prepared in comparative example 3 and example 3 each used 10% of the anti-crack component instead of portland cement, which is a cementitious material, whereas the anti-crack mortar of example 3 had a crack width reduced by 22% and an energy to break increased by 40% as compared to the anti-crack mortar of comparative example 3.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The anti-crack mortar is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:
and (3) cementing materials: 100 parts of (A);
the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell type composite particle comprises the following components: 0.4 to 20 portions;
sand: 80-370 parts of a stabilizer;
water: 25-60 parts;
the cementing material is portland cement;
the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell type composite particles comprise basalt particles and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel coated with the basalt particles;
the particle size of the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell type composite particles is 30-80 mu m.
2. The anti-crack mortar according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the basalt particles to the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel in the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell type composite particles is 1.08-3.00.
3. The anti-crack mortar according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the basalt particles is less than 50 mu m, and the median particle size is 25-40 mu m.
4. The anti-crack mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particle is prepared by the following method: dispersing polyvinyl alcohol, a cross-linking agent and an initiator in water to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution, coating the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel precursor solution on the surface of the basalt particle in an atomizing and spraying manner, and performing freezing-unfreezing circulation to obtain the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particle.
5. The anti-crack mortar according to claim 1, wherein: the sand is selected from at least one of river sand, quartz sand and standard sand.
6. The anti-crack mortar according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the grain size of the sand is 30-140 meshes.
7. The method for preparing the anti-crack mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: and uniformly mixing the cementing material, the basalt-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel core-shell composite particles, sand and water to obtain the anti-crack mortar.
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