CN114713334B - Intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and intelligent coal slime crushing method - Google Patents
Intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and intelligent coal slime crushing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114713334B CN114713334B CN202110753240.9A CN202110753240A CN114713334B CN 114713334 B CN114713334 B CN 114713334B CN 202110753240 A CN202110753240 A CN 202110753240A CN 114713334 B CN114713334 B CN 114713334B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012106 screening analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
- B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
- B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C13/2804—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements being rigidly connected to the rotor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
- B02C13/284—Built-in screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/50—Cleaning
- B07B1/55—Cleaning with fluid jets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and an intelligent coal slime crushing method, belongs to the technical field of coal slime crushing treatment, and solves the problems that coal slime is difficult to crush, the crusher is severely worn, material blockage is easy, and overhaul is inconvenient in the prior art. The invention comprises a first crushing component, a relaxation sieve and a second crushing component, wherein the first crushing component is used for forcedly crushing coal slime, the relaxation sieve is used for screening the forcedly crushed coal slime, and oversize materials are secondarily crushed by the second crushing component. The two-time crushing is dynamically coordinated, so that the crushing efficiency is improved, the blocking is avoided, and the device is easy to overhaul and maintain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal slime crushing treatment, in particular to an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and an intelligent coal slime crushing method.
Background
The basic characteristics of the energy resources in China are rich coal, lean oil and less gas, and coal is used as a main energy prop in China and still occupies a main position in the development of a period of time in the future. Along with the increasingly reduced coal resources in China, the coal mining mechanization level is continuously improved, the heavy medium coal separation technology is gradually perfected, and the content of coal slime in a separation system is continuously increased. The coal slime is separated and recovered, has the characteristics of large moisture, high viscosity, high ash content, easy caking and the like, is unfavorable for loading and transportation and subsequent blending, and has higher requirements on a coal slime crusher.
The common crusher is difficult to crush and blend coal slime with larger moisture and viscosity, and phenomena such as sticking teeth and blocking easily occur, so that the coal slime treatment efficiency of a coal preparation plant is greatly influenced. So the existing crusher on the market has the problems of serious abrasion, untimely equipment operation feedback, inconvenient maintenance and the like. Therefore, according to the problems that the yield of the coal slime is increased and the common crusher is difficult to meet the crushing requirement of the coal slime, the novel crusher is researched and developed in a targeted manner, so that the novel crusher has great significance and has a considerable prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the invention aims to provide an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and an intelligent coal slime crushing method, which are used for solving the problems of difficult crushing of coal slime, serious crusher abrasion, easy blockage and inconvenient maintenance in the prior art.
In one aspect, the invention provides an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher, which comprises a first crushing assembly, a Zhang Chishai crushing assembly and a second crushing assembly, wherein the first crushing assembly is used for forcedly crushing coal slime, a relaxation sieve is used for screening the forcedly crushed coal slime, and oversize materials are secondarily crushed by the second crushing assembly.
Further, the first crushing assembly comprises a first rotor and a first hammer head, and the first hammer head is uniformly arranged at the circumferential edge of the first rotor; the first rotor is provided with a plurality of rotors.
Further, the first crushing assembly comprises a first crushing plate and a second crushing plate which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first rotor.
Further, the upper ends of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are connected with the inner wall of the intelligent reversible coal slime crusher, and the lower ends are free ends.
Further, the free ends of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are respectively connected with a first hydraulic mechanism and a second hydraulic mechanism.
Further, the first and second hydraulic mechanisms are used to adjust the spacing of the first and second crushing plates from the first rotor, respectively.
Further, the second crushing assembly comprises a second rotor and a second hammer head, and the second hammer head is uniformly arranged at the circumferential edge of the second rotor; the second rotor is provided with a plurality of.
Further, the second crushing assembly further comprises a counterattack plate disposed on the same side as the second crushing plate.
Further, the relaxation sieve is obliquely arranged and is positioned between the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly.
On the other hand, the invention provides a method for crushing intelligent coal slime, which adopts the intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the first rotor rotates clockwise to crush the coal slime for the first time;
step 2: the relaxation sieve screens the coal slime crushed at one time, the undersize is directly discharged, and the oversize is conveyed to the second crushing component;
step 3: the second crushing component is used for carrying out secondary crushing on the oversize products;
when the load of the second rotor exceeds a set threshold value, the first hydraulic mechanism is controlled to enable the first crushing plate to be close to the first rotor, and the gap between the first hammer head and the first crushing plate is reduced;
when the load of the second rotor falls back to the normal interval, the first hydraulic mechanism returns to the initial position, and intelligent adjustment of the load of two sections of crushing is realized.
Step 4: when the abrasion of the first hammer reaches a set threshold value, the first rotor is reversed to crush the coal slime once.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The coal slime crusher is provided with the screening transition area and the secondary crushing area, the screening transition area screens coal slime crushed by the forced crushing area, small-particle coal slime is directly discharged, large-particle coal slime is discharged after secondary crushing, and the situation that the forced crushed coal slime enters the secondary crushing area for crushing is avoided, so that the work load of the secondary crushing area is reduced, and the coal slime crushing efficiency is improved.
(2) According to the coal slime crusher, the secondary crushing area dynamically adjusts the crushing granularity of the forced crushing area according to the work load of the secondary crushing area, so that not only can the granularity strictly meeting the requirement be obtained, but also the coal slime with higher moisture content can be effectively crushed by fully utilizing the energy of the crushing area, meanwhile, the secondary crushing area and the dynamic adjustment of the forced crushing area can enable the two areas to cooperatively work, high-strength work of one crushing area is avoided, and the two crushing areas are dynamically balanced according to the crushing granularity of the coal slime and the crushing work load.
(3) The invention is provided with the back-blowing device for cleaning the sieve holes of the relaxation sieve, and the back-blowing device works according to the set time or works when the load of the secondary crushing area is large, thereby avoiding the blockage of the relaxation sieve.
(4) According to the coal slime crusher, the first rotor can rotate bidirectionally, when one side of the hammer head is severely worn, the replaceable surface is crushed, the maximum utilization of equipment is realized, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to an embodiment.
Reference numerals:
1-a feed inlet; 2-a discharge hole; 3-a first crushing assembly; 31-a first rotor; 32-a first hammer head; 33-a first breaker plate; 34-a second breaker plate; 35-a first hydraulic mechanism; 36-a second hydraulic mechanism; 4-Zhang Chishai; 5-a second crushing assembly; 51-a first rotor; 52-a second hammer; 53-strike plate; 6-a back-blowing device;
100-forced crushing zone; 200-screening the transition zone; 300-secondary crushing zone.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the invention, are used to explain the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the term "coupled" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as being fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, integrally coupled, mechanically coupled, electrically coupled, directly coupled, or indirectly coupled via an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" are used throughout the description to refer to the relative positions of components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are versatile, irrespective of their orientation in space.
Example 1
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher is disclosed, which comprises a forced crushing zone 100, a screening transition zone 200 and a secondary crushing zone 300, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the screening transition zone 200 screens coal slime particles crushed in the forced crushing zone 100, undersize is directly discharged from a discharge hole, oversize is fed into the secondary crushing zone 300 for re-crushing, and the secondary crushing zone 300 can regulate the crushing granularity of the forced crushing zone 100 according to self-crushing load.
During implementation, the coal slime crusher provided by the embodiment comprises a forced crushing area 100, a screening transition area 200 and a secondary crushing area 300, wherein the forced crushing area 100, the screening transition area 200 and the secondary crushing area 300 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, coal slime firstly enters the forced crushing area 100 for crushing, crushed coal slime enters the screening transition area 200 for screening, small-particle coal slime (undersize) can directly pass through a screen mesh due to small particles, meets the requirement of crushing granularity, is directly discharged through a discharge hole, large-particle coal slime (oversize) is required to be crushed secondarily due to larger particles, enters the secondary crushing area 300, crushed coal slime passing through the secondary crushing area 300 meets the requirement of crushing granularity, is discharged through the discharge hole, the crushed coal slime is screened through the screening transition area 200, the large-particle coal slime is crushed secondarily, and the small-particle coal slime is directly discharged, so that the workload of the secondary crushing area 300 is reduced, and meanwhile, the crushed materials strictly meet the requirement of granularity through secondary crushing, and the crushed coal slime with higher moisture content can be crushed effectively.
The secondary crushing zone 300 adjusts the crushing granularity of the forced crushing zone 100 according to the crushing load of the secondary crushing zone 300, when the crushing load of the secondary crushing zone 300 is larger than a set threshold value, the forced crushing zone 100 outputs small-granularity materials to slow down the working load of the secondary crushing zone 300, when the crushing load of the secondary crushing zone 300 returns to the set threshold value, the forced crushing zone 100 outputs larger-granularity materials, the secondary crushing zone 300 assists the forced crushing zone 100 in crushing, the working intensity of the forced crushing zone 100 is lightened, the forced crushing zone 100 and the secondary crushing zone 300 are regulated dynamically, so that the materials meeting the granularity requirement can be obtained, the energy of the crushing zone can be fully utilized, and the coal slime with higher moisture content can be effectively crushed.
Compared with the prior art, the coal slime crusher provided by the embodiment is provided with the screening transition area and the secondary crushing area, the screening transition area screens coal slime crushed in the forced crushing area, small-particle coal slime is directly discharged, large-particle coal slime is discharged after secondary crushing, the forced crushed coal slime is prevented from entering the secondary crushing area to be crushed, further the working load of the secondary crushing area is reduced, the coal slime crushing efficiency is improved, the secondary crushing area dynamically adjusts the crushing granularity of the forced crushing area according to the working load of the secondary crushing area, the granularity strictly meeting the requirement can be obtained, the energy of the crushing area can be fully utilized to effectively crush the coal slime with higher moisture content, meanwhile, the dynamic adjustment of the secondary crushing area and the forced crushing area can enable the two areas to cooperatively work, the high-strength work of one crushing area is avoided, and the two crushing areas are dynamically balanced according to the crushing granularity of the coal slime and the crushing working load.
The coal slime crusher is provided with a feed inlet 1 and a discharge outlet 2, the feed inlet 1 is arranged at the top of the coal slime crusher, the discharge outlet 2 is provided with the bottom of the coal slime crusher, and coal slime enters the coal slime crusher from the feed inlet 1, is crushed in the forced crushing area 100 and screened in the screening transition area 200, is discharged through the discharge outlet 2 or is discharged through the discharge outlet 2 after being crushed in the secondary crushing area 300.
In this embodiment, the coal slime breaker sets gradually into feed inlet 1, compulsory crushing district 100, screening transition district 200, secondary crushing district 300 and discharge gate 2 from top to bottom, and the coal slime gets into the order from the upper end of coal slime breaker and passes through its inside region and discharges from the bottom, and this structure fully utilizes the dead weight of coal slime, and the coal slime smoothly passes through each region in proper order, need not to set up other conveying structures and can realize the transportation of coal slime, and complete machine compact structure, setting are simple.
The slime crusher further comprises a first crushing assembly 3, wherein the first crushing assembly 3 is arranged in the forced crushing area 100 and is used for forcedly crushing the large-sized slime just entering the slime crusher.
In this embodiment, the large-sized coal slime entering the slime crusher is forcedly crushed by the first crushing assembly 3 to form small-sized coal slime particles, wherein the coal slime is directly discharged out of the slime crusher, and the coal slime which does not meet the granularity requirement enters the secondary crushing area 300 for crushing.
The first crushing assembly 3 comprises a first rotor 31 and a first hammer 32, the first rotor 31 is arranged on a first rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged, two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively arranged in the coal slime crusher through bearings, one end of the first rotating shaft penetrates through the coal slime crusher and then is connected with a first power unit which is arranged outside, and the first power unit provides power for the movement of the first rotor 31. Preferentially, the first power unit comprises a first motor, a first belt pulley group and a first belt, the first belt pulley group comprises two belt pulleys, the two belt pulleys are respectively arranged on an output shaft and a first rotating shaft of the first motor, the two belt pulleys are connected through the first belt, and the power of the first motor is transmitted to the first rotating shaft so as to drive the first rotor 31 to rotate.
Further, the first hammerhead 32 is provided on the first rotor 31, and specifically, the first hammerhead 32 is uniformly provided at the circumferential edge of the first rotor 31.
In order to improve the crushing efficiency of the forced crushing area 100, a plurality of first rotors 31 are uniformly distributed on the first main shaft, a plurality of first hammerheads 32 are arranged at the outer edges of the first rotors 31, specifically, mounting holes are formed at the outer side edges of the first rotors 31, grooves matched with the mounting parts of the first hammerheads 32 are formed in the cylindrical surface of the first rotors 31, one end of each mounting part of the first hammerhead 32 is arranged in each groove, the first hammerheads 32 are limited through the walls of the grooves, and the mounting parts of the first hammerheads 32 are placed on the mounting holes of the first rotors 31 through connecting pieces.
In the embodiment, the coal slime is crushed by adopting a hammer crushing mode, and the hammer crushing is characterized by strong crushing capacity, less blocking phenomenon of a crushing hammer, high crushing product quality and thorough crushing, the coal slime enters from a feeding hole, is repeatedly impacted, sheared and crushed between a crushing plate and a hammer head, and flows into the next working procedure; the crushing plate replaces the grate bars in the general crusher, so that not only is the equipment prevented from being blocked by materials, but also the efficiency of crushing the coal slime is improved, the crushing effect of the coal slime is greatly enhanced, and the efficient operation of the equipment is realized.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the first rotor 31 with the first hammers 32 is mounted on the first shaft in two mounting manners, the first mounting manner is that the first hammers 32 on the adjacent first rotor 31 are aligned, and the second mounting manner is that the first hammers 32 on the adjacent first rotor 31 are staggered.
The first crushing assembly 3 further comprises a first crushing plate 33 and a second crushing plate 34, the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 are arranged on the inner wall of the coal slime crusher, specifically, the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first rotor 31, coal slime entering the coal slime crusher from the feed inlet 1 is directly crushed or thrown up by the first hammer 32 to impact the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 to be crushed, and the crushed coal slime enters the next stage to be processed.
In this embodiment, the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 cooperate with the first hammer 32 and the first rotor 31 to crush the coal slurry entering the forced crushing area 100, after the coal slurry enters the forced crushing area 100, the coal slurry is knocked by the first hammer 32, under the action of the first rotor 31 rotating at a high speed, part of the coal slurry is thrown up and hit the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 and then bounced back, and when passing through a gap between the first hammer 32 and the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34, the coal slurry is further crushed by the acting force of the first hammer 32 and the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 and then enters the screening transition area 200.
The first crushing plate 33 includes a first supporting portion and a first crushing portion, the first crushing portion is disposed on the first supporting portion, one end of the first supporting portion is fixedly connected with the upper portion of the coal slime crusher, and the other end is a free end. The first supporting part is an elastic plate with certain rigidity, and the first crushing part is diamond-shaped bulges uniformly distributed on the first supporting part. The coal slime is impacted and crushed on the first crushing part under the action of the first rotor 31 and the first hammer 32.
In order to fully utilize the mechanical energy of the forced crushing zone 100 and the secondary crushing zone 300 and achieve the purpose of adjusting the gap between the first crushing plate 33 and the first rotor 31, the lower end, i.e. the free end, of the first crushing plate 33 is connected with a first hydraulic mechanism 35, and the first hydraulic mechanism 35 is provided with a first remote control switch. The lower end of the first crushing plate 33 may be moved closer to or farther from the first rotor 31 by the first hydraulic mechanism 35, thereby changing the gap between the first crushing plate 33 and the first rotor 31.
In this embodiment, the expansion and contraction of the first hydraulic mechanism 35 is controlled by controlling the first remote control switch, and thus the gap between the first crushing plate 33 and the first rotor 31 is adjusted, thereby controlling the crushing granularity and the workload of the forced crushing zone 100.
The second crushing plate 34 includes a second supporting portion and a second crushing portion, the second crushing portion is disposed on the second supporting portion, one end of the second supporting portion is fixedly connected with the upper portion of the coal slime crusher, and the other end is a free end. The second supporting part is an elastic plate with certain rigidity, and the second crushing part is diamond-shaped bulges uniformly distributed on the second supporting part. The coal slime is impacted and crushed on the second crushing part under the action of the first rotor 31 and the first hammer 32.
Considering that the crushing effect is reduced after the breaking hammer is worn, the first rotor 31 can be reversed after the first hammer head 32 is ground to a certain extent, and simultaneously, in order to fully utilize the mechanical energy of the forced crushing zone 100 and the secondary crushing zone 300 and achieve the purpose of adjusting the gap between the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31, the lower end, i.e. the free end, of the second crushing plate 34 is connected with the second hydraulic mechanism 36, and the second hydraulic mechanism 36 is provided with a second remote control switch. The lower end of the second crushing plate 34 may be moved closer to or farther from the first rotor 31 by the second hydraulic mechanism 36, thereby changing the gap between the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31.
In this embodiment, the second remote control switch is controlled to control the expansion and contraction of the second hydraulic mechanism 36, so as to adjust the gap between the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31, thereby controlling the crushing granularity and the workload of the forced crushing zone 100.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, under the action of the first hydraulic mechanism 35 and the second hydraulic mechanism 36, the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 are arc-shaped, the first rotor 31 is located in an arc-shaped space enclosed by the two crushing plates, and the first rotor 31 is disposed near the lower end of the crushing plates, and this structure makes the coal slime thrown by the first rotor 21 or the first hammer 32 strike against the arc-shaped crushing plates and then receive the impact force towards the first rotor 31, which is helpful for multiple throwing, collision and crushing of the coal slime.
In this embodiment, the upper half portion of the crushing plate is fixed, and the lower half portion can be bent under the action of the hydraulic mechanism, so that the distance between the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31 can be adjusted under the condition of forward rotation or reverse rotation of the first rotor 31, materials meeting the granularity requirement can be obtained, the energy of the crushing area can be fully utilized, and the coal slime with high moisture content can be effectively crushed.
The coal slime crusher further comprises a relaxation sieve 4, wherein the relaxation sieve 4 is fixedly arranged in the crusher and is used for screening materials crushed in the forced crushing area 100. The undersize is directly discharged from the discharge port 2, and the undersize is fed into the secondary crushing zone 300 for crushing again.
In this embodiment, the screen mesh blocking condition in the production process can be reduced by adopting the relaxation screen surface, and the crushed materials in the forced crushing zone 100 are inspected and screened, and the undersize is directly discharged out of the slime crusher through the discharge port 2, so that the phenomenon that the crushed slime in the forced crushing zone 100 enters the secondary crushing zone 300 for crushing is avoided, the crushing workload of the secondary crushing zone 300 is reduced, and meanwhile, the slime crushing efficiency is also improved.
It should be noted that, since the first rotor 31 can be reversed, so that the coal slurry can fall from the gap between the first rotor 31 and the first crushing plate 33, or from the gap between the first rotor 31 and the second crushing plate 34, the relaxation sieve 4 is long enough so that the coal slurry crushed from the forced crushing zone 100 can get enough travel on the relaxation sieve to screen out the coal slurry meeting the granularity requirement, avoiding that the coal slurry meeting the requirement also enters the secondary crushing zone 300 due to insufficient travel, thereby increasing the work load of the secondary crushing zone 300 and reducing the coal slurry crushing efficiency.
Specifically, the gap between the first crushing plate 33 and the first rotor 31 corresponds to the head of the relaxation sieve 4, the gap between the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31 corresponds to the middle of the relaxation sieve 4, and the tail of the relaxation sieve 4 corresponds to the gap between the second rotor 51 and the counter plate 53, so that the relaxation sieve 4 is obliquely arranged, and the head of the relaxation sieve 4 is higher than the tail for facilitating the screening of the coal slime. The structure ensures that the coal slime falling from the forced crushing area 100 has enough moving travel on the relaxation sieve 4, and the coal slime meeting the granularity requirement can directly fall from the relaxation sieve 4.
The slime crusher further comprises a second crushing assembly 5, the second crushing assembly 5 being arranged in the secondary crushing zone 300 for crushing oversize products of the relaxation screen 4.
In this embodiment, the oversize materials entering the secondary crushing zone 300 are crushed by the second crushing assembly 5, the coal slime which does not meet the granularity requirement is further crushed, and the coal slime is discharged out of the coal slime crusher after meeting the requirement.
The second crushing assembly 5 comprises a second rotor 51 and a second hammer 52, the second rotor 51 is arranged on a second rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged, two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively arranged in the coal slime crusher through bearings, one end of the second rotating shaft penetrates through the coal slime crusher and then is connected with a second power unit which is arranged outside, and the second power unit provides power for the movement of the second rotor 51. Preferably, the second power unit comprises a second motor, a second belt pulley set and a second belt, the second belt pulley set comprises two belt pulleys, the two belt pulleys are respectively arranged on an output shaft and a second rotating shaft of the second motor, the two belt pulleys are connected through the second belt, and the power of the second motor is transmitted to the second rotating shaft so as to drive the second rotor 51 to rotate.
Further, the second hammers 52 are provided on the second rotor 51, and specifically, the second hammers 52 are uniformly provided at the circumferential edge of the second rotor 51.
The second rotor 51 is disposed at one side below the relaxation sieve 4, and enough space is flowed out below the relaxation sieve 4 so that the coal slime meeting the granularity requirement does not pass through the second rotor 51 after falling from the relaxation sieve 4 but directly enters the discharge port 2.
In order to improve the crushing efficiency of the secondary crushing zone 300, a plurality of second rotors 51 are uniformly distributed on the second main shaft, a plurality of second hammerheads 52 are respectively arranged at the outer edges of the second rotors 51, specifically, mounting holes are formed at the outer side edges of the second rotors 51, grooves matched with the mounting parts of the second hammerheads 52 are formed in the cylindrical surface of the second rotors 51, one ends of the mounting parts of the second hammerheads 52 are arranged in the grooves, the second hammerheads 52 are limited through the walls of the grooves, and the mounting parts of the second hammerheads 52 are placed on the mounting holes of the second rotors 51 through connecting pieces.
In the embodiment, the hammer type crushing mode is adopted to crush the coal slime, and the hammer type crushing mode has the characteristics of strong crushing capacity, less blocking phenomenon of the crushing hammer, high crushing product quality and thorough crushing, and the coal slime enters from the feeding hole, is repeatedly impacted, sheared and crushed between the impact plate and the hammer head, and flows into the next working procedure; the impact plate replaces the grate bar in the general crusher, so that not only is the equipment prevented from being blocked by materials, but also the coal slime crushing efficiency is improved, the coal slime crushing effect is greatly enhanced, and the efficient operation of the equipment is realized.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the second rotor 51 with the second hammers 52 mounted thereon has two mounting manners on the second shaft, the first mounting manner is that the second hammers 52 on the adjacent second rotor 51 are aligned, and the second mounting manner is that the second hammers 52 on the adjacent second rotor 51 are staggered.
The second crushing assembly 5 further comprises a reaction plate 53, and the reaction plate 53 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the coal slime crusher.
It should be noted that the impact plate 53 is disposed on the rotation direction side of the second rotor 51, specifically, the impact plate 53 is disposed on the opposite side of the first crushing plate 33 and on the same side of the second crushing plate 34, the impact plate 53 is disposed on the obliquely upper side of the second rotor 51, in this embodiment, the impact plate 53 is disposed on the upper left side of the second rotor 51, and the coal slurry is crushed by the second hammer head 52 and the impact plate 53.
In order to fully utilize the mechanical energy of the forced crushing area 100 and the secondary crushing area 300 and achieve the purpose of adjusting the gaps between the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31, a load sensing device is arranged on the second rotor 51, the load of the second rotor 51 is monitored in real time, when excessive materials exist on the screen, the load of the second rotor 51 exceeds a set threshold value, the load sensing device senses and sends a signal to a remote control switch, the first remote control switch or the second remote control switch in the embodiment controls a hydraulic mechanism, the first hydraulic mechanism 35 or the second hydraulic mechanism 36 in the embodiment enables the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 to be close to the first rotor 31, the gap between the first hammer head 32 and the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 is reduced, the load of the secondary crushing area 300 is lightened, and after the load sensing device senses that the load falls back to a normal area, the load is sent to the remote control switch to enable the hydraulic mechanism to recover to an initial position, and intelligent adjustment of the load of two-stage crushing is realized.
It is worth noting that the first hammer 32 is provided with a wear detector, and when the first hammer 32 is ground to a certain degree, the control unit controls the first rotor 31 to rotate reversely, so that the maximum utilization of equipment is realized, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. The first rotor 31 and the second rotor 51 are further provided with a rotation speed monitor and a temperature monitor, when the rotation speed or the temperature of the first rotor 31 or the second rotor 51 is abnormal, the control unit controls the coal slime grinder to stop, so that the omnibearing and multi-scale real-time monitoring of equipment is realized, the phenomenon that abnormal operation of the equipment is found out untimely is avoided, and the stable operation of the crusher is maintained.
In order to avoid the blockage of the relaxation sieve 4, the slime crusher further comprises a back blowing device 6, wherein the back blowing device 6 is arranged below the side of the relaxation sieve 4 and used for cleaning the sieve holes of the relaxation sieve 4, and the back blowing device is controlled by a remote control timing switch. The working state of the back blowing device 6 is set to be started every twenty minutes by a remote control timing switch, and each blowing is performed for ten seconds; and the back-blowing device 6 is also activated when the remote-control timing switch receives a signal from the load sensing device.
In order to facilitate maintenance of the coal slime crusher, the coal slime crusher adopts a hydraulic cover-opening type shell, equipment parts are required to be overhauled or replaced when equipment is in failure, and covers at two sides of the equipment are opened through a hydraulic device, so that the aim of timely overhauling is fulfilled.
According to the coal slime crusher, the hammer head and the crushing plate can be detached independently, so that the time delay when large-scale components are replaced is avoided, and the equipment maintenance efficiency is improved.
Example 2
The invention discloses an intelligent coal slime crushing method, which adopts the intelligent reversible coal slime crusher of the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the first rotor 31 rotates forward and the forced crushing zone 100 crushes the coal slurry once;
step 2: screening transition zone 200 screens the coal slime crushed at first time, the undersize is discharged from discharge port 2, and the oversize enters secondary crushing zone 300; the back blowing device 6 is started every twenty minutes for ten seconds;
step 3: the secondary crushing zone 300 performs secondary crushing on the oversize material; when the load of the second rotor 51 exceeds a set threshold value, the load sensing device senses and sends a signal to the first remote control switch to control the first hydraulic mechanism 35 to enable the first crushing plate 33 to be close to the first rotor 31, reduce the gap between the first hammer head 32 and the first crushing plate 33, lighten the load of the secondary crushing zone 300 and start the back blowing device 6;
when the load sensing device senses that the load falls back to the normal interval, a signal is sent to the first remote control switch, so that the first hydraulic mechanism 35 is restored to the initial position, and intelligent adjustment of the two-section broken load is realized.
The power consumption required to crush a mineral of mass m from D to D is a 3 The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: k (K) 3 For the integrated proportionality coefficient, m is the mass of the ore to be crushed, D is the average diameter of the narrow fraction obtained by screening analysis before crushing, D is the arithmetic average of the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter in the fraction, D is the average diameter of the narrow fraction obtained by screening analysis after crushing, i is the crushing ratio.
Through A 3 And calculating the power of the motor of the second rotor 51, further obtaining a working load critical value K of a second section of the two-section intelligent slime crusher, when the load of the second section is higher than K, sending out a signal to control the first crushing plate to reduce the distance between the first crushing plate and the hammer, and when the load falls below the K value for a period of time, recovering the gap between the first crushing plate and the hammer.
In this embodiment, the load critical value of the second rotor 51 is calculated by using the above formula and is set as the load threshold value of the second rotor 51, the load of the second rotor 51 is sensed by the load sensing device and compared with the load threshold value, so as to dynamically adjust the gap between the first hammer 32 and the first crushing plate 33, thereby improving the precision control of 300 of the forced crushing zone 100 and the secondary crushing zone on the crushing of the coal slime particles, and simultaneously improving the capacity utilization efficiency, so that the forced crushing zone 100 and the secondary crushing zone reach dynamic balance.
Step 4: when the abrasion of the first hammer head 32 reaches a set threshold value, the first rotor 31 reversely crushes the coal slime once, and the steps 2-3 are repeated.
When the maximum wear value k is set, the motor is reversed to reverse the first rotor 31, and the unworn surface of the first hammer head 32 becomes the working surface.
It is noted that in step 4, when repeating to step 3, the second breaker plate 34, the second hydraulic mechanism 36 and the second remote switch are adjusted accordingly.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The intelligent reversible coal slime crusher is characterized by comprising a first crushing assembly (3), a Zhang Chishai (4), a second crushing assembly (5), a back-blowing device (6), a forced crushing area (100), a screening transition area (200) and a secondary crushing area (300) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the first crushing assembly (3) is arranged in the forced crushing area (100), the second crushing assembly (5) is arranged in the secondary crushing area (300), the back-blowing device (6) is arranged below Zhang Chishai (4), the first crushing assembly (3) is used for forcedly crushing coal slime, zhang Chishai (4) is used for screening the forcedly crushed coal slime, and oversize materials are secondarily crushed by the second crushing assembly (5); the screening transition zone (200) screens the coal slime particles crushed in the forced crushing zone (100), the undersize is directly discharged from the discharge port, the oversize is fed into the secondary crushing zone (300) for secondary crushing, and the secondary crushing zone (300) can regulate and control the crushing granularity of the forced crushing zone (100) according to the crushing load of the secondary crushing zone; the second crushing assembly (5) comprises a second rotor (51), a load sensing device is arranged on the second rotor (51), and the load sensing device monitors the load of the second rotor (51) in real time;
the first crushing assembly (3) comprises a first rotor (31), a first hammer head (32), and a first crushing plate (33) and a second crushing plate (34) which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first rotor (31); the free ends of the first crushing plate (33) and the second crushing plate (34) are respectively connected with a first hydraulic mechanism (35) and a second hydraulic mechanism (36); the first hydraulic mechanism (35) and the second hydraulic mechanism (36) are respectively used for adjusting the distance between the first crushing plate (33) and the distance between the second crushing plate (34) and the first rotor (31), the first hydraulic mechanism (35) is provided with a first remote control switch, the expansion and contraction of the first hydraulic mechanism (35) are controlled by controlling the first remote control switch, the second hydraulic mechanism (36) is provided with a second remote control switch, and the expansion and contraction of the second hydraulic mechanism (36) are controlled by controlling the second remote control switch;
when the load of the second rotor (51) exceeds a set threshold value, a load sensing device senses and sends a signal to the first remote control switch or the second remote control switch, the first hydraulic mechanism (35) or the second hydraulic mechanism (36) is controlled, the first crushing plate (33) or the second crushing plate (34) is close to the first rotor (31), the gap between the first hammer head (32) and the first crushing plate (33) or the second crushing plate (34) is reduced, and the load of the secondary crushing area (300) is reduced; when the load sensing device senses that the load falls back to a normal interval, a signal is sent to the first remote control switch or the second remote control switch, so that the first hydraulic mechanism (35) or the second hydraulic mechanism (36) is restored to the initial position, and intelligent adjustment of the load of two sections of crushing is realized.
2. The intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the first hammer head (32) is evenly arranged at the circumferential edge of the first rotor (31); the first rotor (31) is provided with a plurality of rotors.
3. The intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper ends of the first crushing plate (33) and the second crushing plate (34) are connected with the inner wall of the intelligent reversible coal slime crusher, and the lower ends are free ends.
4. The intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the second crushing assembly (5) further comprises a second hammer head (52), the second hammer head (52) being evenly arranged at the circumferential edge of the second rotor (51); the second rotor (51) is provided with a plurality of rotors.
5. The intelligent reversible coal slime crusher as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the second crushing assembly (5) further comprises a counter plate (53), the counter plate (53) being arranged on the same side as the second crushing plate (34).
6. The intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the relaxation screen (4) is arranged obliquely and between the first crushing assembly (3) and the second crushing assembly (5).
7. An intelligent coal slime crushing method, which is characterized in that an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher as claimed in any one of claims 1-6 is adopted, and the steps comprise:
step 1: the first rotor (31) rotates clockwise to crush the coal slime for the first time;
step 2: zhang Chishai (4) screening the coal slime crushed at one time, directly discharging undersize materials, and conveying the oversize materials to a second crushing assembly (5);
step 3: the second crushing component (5) is used for secondarily crushing the oversize materials;
when the load of the second rotor (51) exceeds a set threshold value, controlling the first hydraulic mechanism (35) to enable the first crushing plate (33) to be close to the first rotor (31) so as to reduce a gap between the first hammer head (32) and the first crushing plate (33);
when the load of the second rotor (51) falls back to a normal interval, the first hydraulic mechanism (35) is restored to an initial position, so that intelligent adjustment of the load of two sections of crushing is realized;
step 4: when the abrasion of the first hammer head (32) reaches a set threshold value, the first rotor (31) reversely breaks the coal slime once.
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