CN114709629A - High-integration-level circularly polarized reconfigurable trunk detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and communication integrated phased array antenna, which realizes the compatible functions of same-frequency-band radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference through the antenna circular polarization reconfigurable design, the radio frequency channel compatible design and the receiving and transmitting quick switching design, and realizes the low-cost high-integration phased array antenna design by combining the high-integration design of vertical interconnection through a multilayer high-frequency mixed-pressing printed board process.

Description

High-integration-level circularly polarized reconfigurable trunk detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of active phased array antennas, can be used for communication, radar and electronic countermeasure direction, and particularly relates to a high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable trunk detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna.

Background

With the continuous updating and upgrading of equipment, the equipment is continuously developed towards multifunctional and integrated design in order to meet the requirements of modern war on the comprehensive performance of the equipment. In the fields of radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference, the requirement of radio frequency comprehensive integrated design is more and more urgent, and if the functions of radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference can realize respective functions by multiplexing the same antenna array surface, the equipment cost can be effectively reduced, the number of antenna openings can be reduced, and the equipment combat efficiency can be expanded.

For an active phased array antenna which is widely applied to the fields of radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference, the design difficulty of radio frequency comprehensive integration is that the antenna and a radio frequency channel need to meet different performance requirements of radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference, for example, a circularly polarized antenna is mostly used for communication to improve communication stability, and the circularly polarized antenna can also be used for electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference to reduce polarization mismatch of a target radiation source signal so as to improve interception probability, but the circularly polarized radar cannot receive the target echo due to polarization derotation. Meanwhile, the antenna is used as an active phased array antenna with the highest cost and large size and weight in radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference equipment, and is also important for miniaturization and low-cost design.

The invention provides a high-integration-level circularly polarized reconfigurable stem probing and communicating integrated phased array antenna, which aims to solve the problems that the traditional phased array antenna does not have the capacity of being compatible with radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference and the high cost and low integration level caused by a common micro-assembly process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable trunk detection and communication integrated phased array antenna, which can realize the function expansion of an active phased array antenna at lower cost and size and has the receiving and transmitting functions of compatible same-frequency-band radars, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference.

The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a high integration circular polarization reconfigurable is listened futilely and is visited integrative phased array antenna, adopts the receiving and dispatching sharing system, and array scale M line is N row, phased array antenna includes antenna house, receiving and dispatching antenna array face, integrated function circuit board, cold drawing, bottom plate, supplies liquid connector, external electric connector, blind plug connector, and the integrated function circuit board adopts multilayer high frequency to mix presses printing board technology, separates through the cold drawing and dispels the heat through the cold drawing between integrated function circuit board and the receiving and dispatching antenna array face, and signal interconnection is realized through blind plug connector, and the bottom surface of integrated function circuit board sets up on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is equipped with external electric connector, is equipped with the antenna house on the receiving and dispatching antenna array face and protects.

The invention realizes the compatible functions of the same-frequency-band radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference through the antenna circular polarization reconfigurable design, the radio frequency channel compatibility design and the receiving and transmitting quick switching design, and realizes the low-cost high-integration phased array antenna design through the multilayer high-frequency mixed-pressing printed board process and the high-integration design of vertical interconnection.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:

the process of the multilayer high-frequency mixed-pressing printed board with lower cost is adopted, and the micro-assembly process with higher cost is not adopted, so that the hardware cost can be obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the wiring space of the process of the multilayer high-frequency mixed-pressing printed board is larger, the wiring freedom is higher, and the circuit integration level is more favorably improved; the modules are designed by vertical interconnection on the structural layout, so that the space utilization rate can be effectively utilized, and the equipment integration level is improved; the design of a radio frequency channel adopts a broadband design, and the radio frequency channel comprises a multi-stage strip line power divider, so that the radio frequency channel not only meets the requirements of radar and communication on the quality of a narrowband signal, but also can meet the requirements of electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference on the receiving and transmitting of a broadband signal; the antenna adopts circular polarization reconfigurable and transceiving common design, can adjust transceiving polarization according to the polarization mode of a communication object, can also switch polarization rotation direction in a pulse radar transceiving gap, and has smaller polarization mismatch compared with linear polarization under certain conditions in electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural layout diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a printed board laminate of the present invention.

Fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of an antenna layer layout according to the present invention.

Fig. 3b is a layout diagram of the feeding circuit layer of the present invention.

Fig. 3c is a schematic diagram of a layer layout of a transceiver circuit according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a polarization switching module circuit according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a transceiver circuit module according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "secured" may be fixedly connected, releasably connected, or integral; "connected" may be mechanically or electrically connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the scope of the claimed invention.

The following further introduces specific embodiments, technical difficulties and inventions of the present invention with reference to the design examples.

The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable trunk detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna disclosed by the invention is shared in receiving and transmitting, and the array scale is M rows multiplied by N columns.

The phased array antenna has a receiving and transmitting homorotation mode, namely, the transmitting signals and the receiving signals are both left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization; the phased array antenna has a transmit-receive derotation mode, that is, the transmit signal and the receive signal are both circularly polarized but have opposite rotation directions, for example, the transmit signal is right-hand circularly polarized, the receive signal is left-hand circularly polarized, or the transmit signal is left-hand circularly polarized, and the receive signal is right-hand circularly polarized.

The phased array antenna is operable in an electronic reconnaissance mode, an electronic interference mode, an active probing mode, and a two-way communication mode.

Referring to fig. 1, the phased array antenna includes an antenna housing, a transmitting/receiving antenna array, a comprehensive function circuit board, a cold plate, a bottom plate, a liquid supply connector, an external electrical connector, and a blind plug connector, wherein a bottom surface of the comprehensive function circuit board is disposed on the bottom plate, and a top surface of the comprehensive function circuit board is connected to a bottom surface of the cold plate. The base plate is provided with an external electric connector, the cold plate is provided with a liquid supply connector and a blind plug connector, the receiving and transmitting antenna array surface is arranged on the top surface of the cold plate, and the receiving and transmitting antenna array surface is provided with an antenna housing for protection.

The receiving and transmitting antenna array surface comprises M rows multiplied by N columns of receiving and transmitting antenna units (such as double-fed circularly polarized antenna units), the receiving and transmitting antenna units adopt double-fed circularly polarized antennas, left-hand/right-hand circularly polarized switching is realized by adjusting phase lead/lag of 2 feeding points by 90 degrees, and the circularly polarized axial ratio of the phased array antenna can be improved by every 4 adjacent receiving and transmitting antenna units in a rotating feeding mode.

With reference to fig. 2, the integrated functional circuit board is a 12-layer high-frequency hybrid-printed board formed by laminating 4 layers of high-frequency double-sided copper-clad plates, 2 layers of common double-sided copper-clad plates, 3 sheets of high-frequency prepregs and 2 sheets of common prepregs, and 1-12 layers of via holes, 1-6 layers of first blind holes and 7-12 layers of second blind holes are used, so that the process flow is simple, and the material and manufacturing cost is low.

The comprehensive function circuit board adopts 12 layers of high-frequency mixed-pressing manufacturing boards, and comprises a 1 st layer from top to bottom: feeder circuit layer, layer 2: feed ground layer, layer 3: receive combiner network layer, layer 4: receive power division ground plane, layer 5: transmit power split network layer, layer 6: transmission power division ground layer, layer 7: digital isolation formation, layer 8: digital circuit layer, layer 9: power isolation formation, layer 10: power supply circuit layer, layer 11: ground plane for transceiving, layer 12: and a transceiver circuit layer.

With reference to fig. 3a, 3b and 3c, the layer 1 feeding circuit layer in the integrated functional circuit board is connected to the transmitting/receiving antenna array plane through a blind-mate connector, and the layer 1 feeding circuit layer and the transmitting/receiving antenna array plane are separated by a cold plate and provide heat dissipation, and the layer 1: the feed circuit layer mainly comprises M rows multiplied by N columns of polarization switching modules, each polarization switching module is provided with 2 antenna feed ports called F1 and F2, the polarization switching modules are directly connected with the 2 feed ports of the corresponding transceiving antenna units through blind-mate connectors, each polarization switching module is additionally provided with 2 circuit ports including D1 and D2, the D1 port is a transmitting feed port, and the D2 port is a receiving feed port. And 2 circuit ports (D1 and D2) and 2 antenna feed ports (F1 and F2) are switched by the polarization switching module to realize input and output of the transmitting and receiving signals.

The layer 2 feed grounding layer in the comprehensive function circuit board is a complete ground plane and has the following functions: and a reference ground is provided for the microstrip line of the feed circuit layer on the 1 st layer, an upper reference ground is provided for the strip line of the receiving and combining network layer on the 3 rd layer, and the interference signal of the inner layer of the comprehensive function circuit board is shielded.

The layer 3 receiving combination network layer in the comprehensive function circuit board is a combination network for receiving signals, a strip line T-shaped combination parallel connection combination is adopted, for example, the typical combination topology is 16-8-4-2-1, each branch port is from a receiving feed port of a receiving and sending circuit module in the layer 12 receiving and sending circuit layer in the comprehensive function circuit board, and the common port is connected with a receiving common end in the layer 12 receiving and sending circuit layer in the comprehensive function circuit board through a through hole.

The 4 th layer receiving power dividing grounding layer in the comprehensive function circuit board is a complete ground plane, provides a lower reference ground for the strip line of the 3 rd layer receiving combining network layer, and provides an upper reference ground for the 5 th layer transmitting power dividing network layer.

The 5 th layer of the transmitting power division network layer in the comprehensive function circuit board is a power division network for transmitting excitation signals, a strip line T-shaped junction parallel combination is adopted, for example, a typical shunt topology is 1 minute 2-2 minutes 4-4 minutes 8-8 minutes 16, each shunt port is from a transmitting feed port of a transmitting and receiving circuit module in the 12 th layer of the transmitting and receiving circuit layer in the comprehensive function circuit board, and a common port is connected with a transmitting common end in the 12 th layer of the transmitting and receiving circuit layer in the comprehensive function circuit board through a via hole.

The 6 th layer of the transmitting power division grounding layer in the comprehensive function circuit board is a complete ground plane and is used as a shrimp: and providing a lower reference ground for the strip line of the 5 th transmission power dividing network layer.

The 7 th digital isolation stratum in the comprehensive function circuit board is a complete ground plane and is used for shielding interference caused by digital signal routing in the 8 th digital circuit layer.

And the 8 th digital circuit layer in the comprehensive function circuit board is used for controlling signal routing and is interconnected with corresponding component control pins of the 1 st feed circuit layer and the 12 th transceiving circuit layer through second blind holes and via holes.

And the 10 th power supply circuit layer in the comprehensive function circuit board is used for supplying power and routing wires and is connected with the power supply pins of corresponding components of the 1 st feed circuit layer and the 12 th transceiving circuit layer through second blind holes and via holes.

The ground layer of the transmitting and receiving circuit of the 11 th layer in the comprehensive function circuit board is a complete ground plane and provides a reference ground for the microstrip line of the transmitting and receiving circuit layer of the 12 th layer.

With reference to fig. 5, the 12 th transceiver circuit layer in the integrated functional circuit board integrates the most main functional circuits of the phased array antenna, and includes M rows × N columns of transceiver circuit modules, 1 power supply circuit module, 1 beam control module, 1 power supply connector, 1 control connector, 1 transmitting common terminal, and 1 receiving common terminal. The transceiver circuit module is used for performing phase shifting, power amplification and filtering processing on the transmitting excitation signal or performing filtering, low-noise amplification and phase shifting processing on the receiving signal; the power supply circuit module is used for converting input high-voltage power supply into low-voltage direct current required by each component of the comprehensive function circuit board and performing power supply filtering processing on the input power supply; the beam control module consists of control units such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array), an MCU (micro control unit), storage units such as a Flash, an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) and corresponding peripheral circuits, and is used for storing and issuing beam control codes, and controlling, switching and managing the working state of the whole machine; the power supply connector is used for being interconnected with an external power supply input; the control connector is used for interacting with external control; the transmitting public end is used for being connected with an external radio frequency signal source; the receiving common is used for connecting with an external digital receiver.

With reference to fig. 4, the polarization switching module of the feed circuit layer of the phased array antenna includes 1 Lange bridge, 2 circulators, 2 double-pole double-throw switches, 2 single-pole single-throw switches, 2 narrow-band filters, and 2 wide-band filters.

The single-pole single-throw switch is provided with 3 ports, wherein the port 3 is a public end, the ports 1 and 2 are gating ends, and 3-1 or 3-2 can be gated in the single-pole single-throw switch.

The double-pole double-throw switch has 4 ports, and 1-4+2-3 or 1-3+2-4 can be gated in the double-pole double-throw switch.

The circulator has 3 ports, wherein the port 1 is a public end, the port 2 is a receiving end, and the port 3 is a transmitting end, and in the circulator, 3 → 1, 1 → 2 can be conducted, and 3 → 2 can be isolated.

The Lange bridge is provided with 4 ports, if the port 1 is a public end, the port 4 is an isolation end, the port 2 is a straight-through end, the port 3 is a coupling end, a transmitting signal of the port 1 is equally divided into 2 paths through the Lange bridge and is output through the port 2 and the port 3, wherein the phase of an output signal of the port 3 lags behind that of an output signal of the port 2 by 90 degrees, and meanwhile, no signal is output from the port 4.

When transmitting signals, transmitting excitation signals are input to the corresponding polarization switching module from a port D1 of a certain transceiver circuit module in the transceiver circuit layer, the first broadband filter or the first narrow-band filter is switched and gated through the first single-pole double-throw switch, a port 1 of the first single-pole single-throw switch corresponds to the first broadband filter, a port 2 of the first single-pole single-throw switch corresponds to the first narrow-band filter, an output end of the first broadband filter is connected with a port 4 of the first double-pole double-throw switch, an output end of the first narrow-band filter is connected with a port 3 of the first double-pole double-throw switch, a port 1 of the first double-pole double-throw switch is connected with a port 3 of the first circulator, a port 2 of the first double-pole double-throw switch is connected with a port 3 of the second circulator, a port 1 of the first circulator is connected with a port 1 of the Lange bridge, port 2 of the Lange bridge is connected to port F2 of the transceiver antenna element, and port 3 of the Lange bridge is connected to port F1 of the transceiver antenna element.

When receiving signals, the receiving signals enter the port 2 and the port 3 of the Lange bridge through the port F2 and the port F1 of the transmitting and receiving antenna unit respectively, if left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are received, the signal at the port F1 lags behind the signal at the port F2 by 90 degrees, the Lange bridge port 1 outputs a signal which enters the port 1 of the second double-pole double-throw switch through the 1 → 2 transmission path of the first circulator, and is output through the port 3 or the port 4 of the second double-pole double-throw switch after being gated by the switch, if the signal is output through the port 4 and the second single-pole double-throw switch is switched to be conductive at 3-1, and inputting the received signal to a receiving circuit at the rear end through the second broadband filter, and if the received signal is output through the port 3 and the second single-pole double-throw switch is switched to be switched to 3-2 to be conducted, inputting the received signal to the receiving circuit at the rear end through the second narrowband filter.

If the right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave is received, a port signal of the F2 lags behind the F1 by 90 °, the Lange bridge port 4 outputs a signal, the signal enters the port 2 of the second double-pole double-throw switch through a 1 → 2 transmission path of the second circulator, the signal is output through the port 3 or the port 4 of the second double-pole double-throw switch after being gated by the switch, if the signal is output through the port 4 and the second single-pole double-throw switch is switched to be 3-1 to be conducted, the received signal is input to a receiving circuit at the rear end through the second broadband filter, and if the signal is output through the port 3 and the second single-pole double-throw switch is switched to be 3-2 to be conducted, the received signal is input to the receiving circuit at the rear end through the second narrowband filter.

When the first single-pole single-throw switch of the polarization switching module is switched to be conducted at 3-1, and the first double-pole double-throw switch is switched to be conducted at 1-4+2-3, a transmission signal is input into the first broadband filter through the port 1 of the first single-pole single-throw switch, then is input into the port 3 of the first circulator through the conduction path of the double-pole double-throw switch 4-1, is input into the port 1 of the Lange bridge through the conduction path of 3 → 1, and power division 2 paths respectively enter the ports F2 and F1 of the transmitting and receiving antenna unit from the ports 2 and 3, and at the moment, a signal of the input port F1 lags behind by 90 degrees compared with F2 to form left-handed circularly polarized broadband transmission.

When the first single-pole single-throw switch of the polarization switching module is switched to be conducted at 3-1, and the first double-pole double-throw switch is switched to be conducted at 1-3+2-4, a transmission signal is input into the first broadband filter through the port 1 of the first single-pole single-throw switch, then is input into the port 3 of the second circulator through the conduction path of the double-pole double-throw switch 4-2, and is input into the port 4 of the Lange bridge through the conduction path of 3 → 1, power division 2 paths respectively enter the ports F2 and F1 of the transmitting and receiving antenna unit from the ports 2 and 3, and at the moment, a signal of the input port F2 lags behind by 90 degrees compared with F1, so that right-hand circularly polarized broadband transmission is formed.

When the first single-pole single-throw switch of the polarization switching module is switched to be conducted 3-2, and the first double-pole double-throw switch is switched to be conducted 1-3+2-4, a transmission signal is input into the first narrow-band filter through the port 1 of the first single-pole single-throw switch, then is input into the port 3 of the first circulator through the conduction path of the double-pole double-throw switch 3-1, is input into the port 1 of the Lange bridge through the conduction path 3 → 1, and is divided into 2 paths from the ports 2 and 3 to enter the ports F2 and F1 of the transmitting and receiving antenna unit respectively, at this time, a signal of the input port F1 lags behind F2 by 90 degrees, so that left-hand circularly polarized narrow-band transmission is formed.

When the first single-pole single-throw switch of the polarization switching module is switched to be conducted by 3-2, and the first double-pole double-throw switch is switched to be conducted by 1-4+2-3, a transmission signal is input into the first narrow-band filter through the port 1 of the first single-pole single-throw switch, then is input into the port 3 of the second circulator through the conduction path of the double-pole double-throw switch 3-2, and is input into the port 4 of the Lange bridge through the conduction path of 3 → 1, power is divided into 2 paths from the ports 2 and 3 to enter the ports F2 and F1 of the transmitting and receiving antenna unit respectively, and at the moment, the signal of the input port F2 lags behind the F1 by 90 degrees, so that right-hand circularly polarized narrow-band transmission is formed.

When the transmitting and receiving antenna unit receives the left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, the second double-pole double-throw switch of the polarization switching module is switched to 1-4+2-3 to be conducted, the second single-pole single-throw switch is switched to 3-1 to be conducted, the receiving signal of the transmitting and receiving antenna is input from ports F1 and F2 to ports 3 and 2 of the Lange bridge, because the signal of the port 3 lags behind the port 2 by 90 degrees, the combined signal is input from the port 1 of the Lange bridge to the port 1 of the first circulator and is input to the port 1 of the second double-pole double-throw switch through a conduction path of 1 → 2, the combined signal is input to the second broadband filter through a conduction path of 1-4, and the combined signal enters a receiving circuit at the rear end through a conduction path of 1-3 of the second single-pole double-throw switch, so that left-hand circularly polarized broadband receiving is formed.

When the transmitting and receiving antenna unit receives the left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, the second double-pole double-throw switch of the polarization switching module is switched to be conducted in a range of 1-3+2-4, the second single-pole single-throw switch is switched to be conducted in a range of 2-1, receiving signals of the transmitting and receiving antenna are input from ports F1 and F2 through ports 3 and 2 of the Lange bridge, because the signal of the port 3 lags behind the port 2 by 90 degrees, a combined signal is input from the port 1 of the Lange bridge to the port 1 of the first circulator, a combined signal is input to the port 1 of the second double-pole double-throw switch through a conduction path of 1 → 2, the combined signal is input to the second narrow-band filter through a conduction path of 1-3, and the combined signal enters a receiving circuit at the rear end through a conduction path of 2-3 of the second single-pole double-throw switch, so that left-hand circularly polarized narrow-band receiving is formed.

When the receiving and transmitting antenna unit receives the right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, the second double-pole double-throw switch of the polarization switching module is switched to 1-3+2-4 to be conducted, the second single-pole single-throw switch is switched to 3-1 to be conducted, the receiving signal of the receiving and transmitting antenna is input from ports F1 and F2 to pass through ports 3 and 2 of the Lange bridge, because the signal of the port 2 lags behind the port 3 by 90 degrees, the combined signal is input into the port 1 of the second circulator from the port 4 of the Lange bridge, is input into the port 2 of the second double-pole double-throw switch through the conduction path of 1 → 2, is input into the second broadband filter through the conduction path of 2-4, and enters a receiving circuit at the rear end through the conduction path of 1-3 of the second single-pole double-throw switch to form right-hand circularly polarized broadband receiving.

When the transmitting and receiving antenna unit receives right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, the second double-pole double-throw switch of the polarization switching module is switched to 1-4+2-3 to be conducted, the second single-pole single-throw switch is switched to 3-2 to be conducted, receiving signals of the transmitting and receiving antenna are input from ports F1 and F2 to ports 3 and 2 of the Lange bridge, because the signal of the port 2 lags behind the port 3 by 90 degrees, a combined signal is input from the port 4 of the Lange bridge to the port 1 of the second circulator and is input to the port 2 of the second double-pole double-throw switch through a conduction path of 1 → 2, the combined signal is input to the second narrow-band filter through a conduction path of 2-3 of the second single-pole double-throw switch, and enters a receiving circuit at the rear end through the conduction path of 2-3 of the second single-pole double-throw switch, and right-hand circularly polarized narrow-band receiving is formed.

The receiving and transmitting circuit module of the phased array antenna receiving and transmitting circuit layer comprises 3 driving amplifiers, 2 numerical control attenuators, 2 numerical control phase shifters, 1 power amplifier and 1 low noise amplifier. When transmitting signals, the excitation signals are transmitted through the port F_TAnd the signal enters a transmitting channel, is amplified by the first driving amplifier, then passes through the amplitude and phase control of the first numerical control attenuator and the first numerical control phase shifter, enters a second driving amplifier, and is fed into a port D1, corresponding to the polarization switch, of the feed circuit layer through a power amplifier. The feed circuit layers correspond when receiving signals

When the phased array antenna works in an electronic reconnaissance mode, the transmitting-receiving antenna array surface is arranged in a polarization state of receiving left-handed rotation or right-handed rotation through the polarization switching module, and the receiving channel is connected with the broadband filter to realize left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized broadband receiving.

When the phased array antenna works in an electronic interference mode, the receiving and transmitting antenna array surface is arranged in a polarization state of receiving left-handed rotation and transmitting left-handed rotation or receiving right-handed rotation and transmitting right-handed rotation through the polarization switching module, and the receiving and transmitting channel is connected with the broadband filter to realize the transmission and the reception of the left-handed circular polarization broadband or the transmission and the reception of the right-handed circular polarization broadband.

When the phased array antenna works in an active detection mode, the transmitting and receiving antenna array surface is arranged in a polarization state of transmitting left-handed rotation and receiving right-handed rotation or transmitting right-handed rotation and receiving left-handed rotation through the polarization switching module, and the transmitting and receiving channel is communicated with a narrow band filter to realize left-handed circular polarization narrow band transmission and right-handed circular polarization narrow band reception or right-handed circular polarization narrow band transmission and left-handed circular polarization narrow band reception.

When the phased array antenna works in a two-way communication mode, according to different polarization requirements of a communication system, the receiving and transmitting antenna array surface is arranged in states of transmitting left-handed polarization plus receiving right-handed polarization, transmitting right-handed polarization plus receiving left-handed polarization, transmitting left-handed polarization plus receiving left-handed polarization or transmitting right-handed polarization plus receiving right-handed polarization through the polarization switching module, and the receiving and transmitting channel is communicated with the narrow-band filter, so that left-handed circular polarization narrow-band transmitting and right-handed circular polarization narrow-band receiving, right-handed circular polarization narrow-band transmitting and left-handed circular polarization narrow-band receiving, left-handed circular polarization narrow-band transmitting and receiving or right-handed circular polarization narrow-band transmitting and receiving are realized.

Preferably, the phased array antenna has the advantages that other circuits except the transceiving antenna array surface are integrated in the comprehensive function circuit board, the transceiving antenna array surface and the comprehensive function circuit board are separated through the cold plate, a heat dissipation channel is provided for a main heating device in the comprehensive function circuit board, the integration level of the phased array antenna is effectively improved, the structure is simplified, and the cost is reduced.

Preferably, the invention has the advantages that the receiving and transmitting antenna unit of the receiving and transmitting antenna array surface adopts a double-fed circular polarization antenna, the polarization switching module in the feed circuit layer adjusts the phase lead/lag of two feed point excitation signals by 90 degrees to adjust the circular polarization rotation direction of the receiving and transmitting array surface, and can realize the purposes of transmitting right-hand circular polarization, receiving left-hand circular polarization, transmitting right-hand circular polarization, receiving right-hand circular polarization, transmitting left-hand circular polarization and receiving left-hand circular polarization.

Preferably, the polarization switching module of the present invention is advantageous in that the narrow band filter can be gated to meet the requirements of the active probing function and the bidirectional communication function for narrow bandwidth, low signal spurious and high out-of-band rejection of the transceiving signal, and the wide band filter can be gated to meet the requirements of electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference for wide-band coverage of the transceiving signal.

Compared with the prior art, the phased array antenna design method applicable to electronic reconnaissance, electronic interference, active detection and two-way communication use requirements is provided, broadband circular polarization transmitting and receiving can be achieved for the electronic reconnaissance and the electronic interference, narrow-band circular polarization transmitting and orthogonal circular polarization receiving can be achieved for the active detection, and narrow-band circular polarization transmitting and orthogonal circular polarization receiving can be set to work in narrow-band circular polarization receiving and transmitting or narrow-band circular polarization transmitting and orthogonal circular polarization receiving according to different requirements of a communication system for the two-way communication. According to the scheme, the antenna feed and polarization switching circuit, the transmitting and receiving power dividing and combining network, the radio frequency transmitting and receiving circuit, the beam control circuit, the power supply circuit and the like are integrated in 1 high-frequency hybrid pressing plate with 12 layers, so that the integration level of the phased array antenna is greatly improved, the structure composition is simplified, and the cost is reduced.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a high integration circular polarization reconfigurable is listened futilely and is visited integrative phased array antenna, adopts the receiving and dispatching sharing system, array scale M line N row, phased array antenna includes antenna house, receiving and dispatching antenna array face, comprehensive function circuit board, cold drawing, bottom plate, supplies liquid connector, external electric connector, blind plug connector, its characterized in that, comprehensive function circuit board adopts multilayer high frequency mixed compression printing board technology, separates through the cold drawing and dispels the heat between comprehensive function circuit board and the receiving and dispatching antenna array face, and signal interconnection is realized through blind plug connector, and the bottom surface of comprehensive function circuit board sets up on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is equipped with external electric connector, is equipped with the antenna house on the receiving and dispatching antenna array face and protects.

2. The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the transceiving antenna array comprises M × N transceiving antenna units, so as to realize interconversion between radio frequency signals and electromagnetic radiation; the comprehensive function circuit board integrates the functions of antenna feed and polarization switching, power transmitting and receiving dividing and combining network, radio frequency signal transmitting and receiving and phase shifting, beam control and power supply conversion.

3. The high-integration circular polarization reconfigurable trunk detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the comprehensive function circuit board is divided into a feed circuit layer on the upper surface layer, a receiving and transmitting circuit layer on the lower surface layer, a power supply circuit layer in the inner layer, a digital circuit layer, a transmitting power dividing network layer, a receiving combining network layer, a multi-layer reference stratum and an isolation stratum.

4. The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein: the feed circuit layer is composed of M multiplied by N polarization switching modules, each polarization switching module is connected with a corresponding receiving and transmitting antenna unit through a blind-mate connector so as to realize left-hand or right-hand circular polarization transmission of transmitted signals and left-hand or right-hand circular polarization reception of received signals, and simultaneously, narrow-band or broadband signal transmission and narrow-band or broadband signal reception are realized by gating a corresponding filter through a switch.

5. The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 4, wherein: the polarization switching module in the feed circuit layer comprises a Lange bridge, a first circulator, a second circulator, a first double-pole double-throw switch, a second double-pole double-throw switch, a first narrow-band filter, a second narrow-band filter, a first wide-band filter, a second wide-band filter, a first single-pole double-throw switch and a second single-pole double-throw switch;

the polarization switching module is directly connected with the transceiving antenna unit, and can realize narrow-band right-hand circular polarization transmission and narrow-band left-hand circular polarization reception, narrow-band right-hand circular polarization transmission and narrow-band right-hand circular polarization reception, narrow-band left-hand circular polarization transmission and narrow-band left-hand circular polarization reception, narrow-band right-hand circular polarization transmission and narrow-band right-hand circular polarization reception, wide-band right-hand circular polarization transmission and wide-band left-hand circular polarization reception, wide-band right-hand circular polarization transmission and wide-band right-hand circular polarization reception, wide-band left-hand circular polarization transmission and wide-band right-hand circular polarization reception, wide-band right-hand circular polarization transmission and wide-band right-hand circular polarization reception through switching and combination of the first double-pole double-throw switch, the second double-pole double-throw switch, the first single-pole single-throw switch and the second single-pole single-throw switch.

6. The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein: the receiving and transmitting circuit layer comprises M multiplied by N receiving and transmitting circuit modules, 1 wave beam control circuit module, 1 power supply circuit module, 1 control interface, 1 power supply interface, 1 radio frequency signal input port and 1 radio frequency signal output port; wherein the radio frequency signal input port is the general input of the phased array antenna for transmitting the excitation signal; the radio frequency signal output port is the total output port of the phased array antenna for receiving signals; a power interface is a total power input port of the phased array antenna; the control interface is an external interaction interface for the control signal of the phased array antenna and is used for receiving an external control command and returning state information; the power supply circuit module converts externally input power supply into low-voltage direct current required by the work of each circuit module of the phased array antenna, and integrates a power filter to filter external interference; the wave beam control module is the master control of the phased array antenna and is responsible for data and instruction interaction with external control, controlling other circuit modules of the phased array antenna to work and carrying out health management; the receiving and transmitting circuit module comprises a transmitting channel and a receiving channel, the transmitting channel comprises a driving amplifier, a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter, a temperature compensation attenuator, an equalizer and a power amplifier, and is responsible for carrying out power amplification and phase shift processing on a fed-in transmitting excitation signal, and feeding the signal into a corresponding receiving and transmitting antenna unit through the feed circuit layer to be transmitted to a free space; the receiving channel of the transmitting circuit module comprises a low noise amplifier, a driving amplifier, a numerical control attenuator, a numerical control phase shifter, a temperature compensation attenuator and an equalizer and is responsible for carrying out low noise amplification and phase shift processing on the received radio frequency signals which are received by the transmitting and receiving antenna unit and input through the feed circuit layer.

7. The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein: the transmitting power dividing network layer and the receiving combining network layer are both strip line T-shaped combining and feeding networks, the transmitting power dividing network layer is used for equally dividing 1 path of transmitting excitation signals into M multiplied by N signals to be fed into each transmitting channel of the receiving and transmitting circuit layer, and the receiving combining network layer is used for combining and outputting the M multiplied by N signals of each receiving channel of the receiving and transmitting circuit layer in a similar way.

8. The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein: the power supply circuit layer is used for distributing low-voltage direct current output by the power supply circuit module in the transceiving circuit layer and transmitting the low-voltage direct current to each electric component of the transceiving circuit layer and the feed circuit layer through the through hole/the blind hole.

9. The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein: and the digital circuit layer is used for distributing control signals of the beam control circuit module in the transceiver circuit layer and transmitting the control signals to control pins of each component of the transceiver circuit layer and the feed circuit layer through via holes/blind holes.

10. The high-integration circularly polarized reconfigurable interference detection and sounding integrated phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein: the reference stratum is used for providing a reference ground for the microstrip circuit or the stripline circuit and is used for isolating signal crosstalk between circuits of different layers together with the isolation stratum.

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