CN114709535B - Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric automobile - Google Patents

Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114709535B
CN114709535B CN202210408873.0A CN202210408873A CN114709535B CN 114709535 B CN114709535 B CN 114709535B CN 202210408873 A CN202210408873 A CN 202210408873A CN 114709535 B CN114709535 B CN 114709535B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
shell
battery pack
upper cover
energy
battery
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CN202210408873.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114709535A (en
Inventor
田贵
寇里恺
丁钊
张磊
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Wanxiang A123 Systems Asia Co Ltd
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Wanxiang A123 Systems Asia Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210408873.0A priority Critical patent/CN114709535B/en
Publication of CN114709535A publication Critical patent/CN114709535A/en
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183Sealing members
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack shell, which comprises: the device comprises a first shell, a second shell, an upper cover, a tab bracket and a first partition plate; the outer surface of the second shell is provided with a puncture preventing structure and an extrusion preventing structure; a sealing ring is arranged between the upper cover and the first shell; according to the invention, the second shell for placing the battery cell module is arranged in the first shell, and the puncture-preventing structure and the extrusion-preventing structure are arranged on the second shell, so that the structural strength of the battery pack shell is improved, short circuit fire faults and the like caused by extrusion or puncture of the battery pack in collision or other special environments are prevented, and the battery pack is ensured to be safer in use; through the sealing ring, the first shell and the inner part of the upper cover can form a sealing space, so that the short circuit caused by water penetrating into the shell of the battery pack is avoided when the battery pack is used, and the use safety is ensured; the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the plurality of battery cell modules in the battery pack are connected through the lug support, so that the series-parallel connection effect of the battery cell modules in the battery pack is realized.

Description

Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a battery pack shell, a battery pack and an electric automobile.
Background
With the popularization and development of electric vehicles and the wide-range use of electric vehicles, the problems encountered by the electric vehicles in the running process are gradually increased, and the battery system is taken as one of important parts on the new energy vehicles, so that the use effect of the electric vehicles is directly affected by the advantages and disadvantages of the battery system.
A battery pack in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series or in parallel as a battery pack and are housed in a case is used for an electric vehicle or the like. The prior battery packs in the market have no supporting structure, when the battery shell is impacted by external force, the impact force is quickly transferred to the battery core, and the battery core is directly stressed, so that the internal battery core is particularly easy to deform or short-circuit, the normal service life of the battery pack is influenced, or the internal battery is damaged, and even serious safety accidents such as fire, explosion and the like occur.
In the vehicle that is equipped with the battery package, if the outside of battery package does not be equipped with effectual protection energy-absorbing structure, when the vehicle received the striking, the battery package can receive the extrusion and lead to the inside spare part of battery package to receive the extrusion force and impale the battery module to the vehicle is liable to take place the danger of burning.
The prior art proposal is mainly that a starting battery lithium iron phosphate battery core is wrapped by a plastic shell, the extrusion-proof and collision-proof performances of the existing 12V lithium iron phosphate starting battery pack are mainly realized by the structure of the plastic shell, but found in the use process,
1. the plastic shell has low strength and poor anti-collision and anti-extrusion performance; the existing lithium iron phosphate starting battery basically takes a plastic shell as a main structure, and the protection effect of the structure on a battery core under the conditions of high-speed collision and extrusion is not fully considered;
2. the plastic shell has complex structure, difficult molding and high cost; the existing plastic shell meets the basic strength requirement, the structural design of the shell is complex, the molding difficulty is high, and the cost is increased;
3. the assembly is complex, and the modularization design is not facilitated; traditional lithium iron phosphate battery cell realizes the battery package requirement of different demands through the series-parallel connection assembly among a plurality of battery cells. The battery cell is difficult to assemble after the plastic shell is molded, if the size of the battery pack is slightly changed, the shell structure needs to be redesigned, and the modularization design is not facilitated.
Based on the above situation, the invention provides a battery pack shell, a battery pack and an electric automobile, which can effectively solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery pack shell, a battery pack and an electric automobile, which have high structural strength and modularized design and have extrusion and puncture preventing functions.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a battery pack case, comprising:
the first shell is internally provided with a first groove body;
the second shell is embedded in the first groove body, and an anti-puncture structure and an anti-extrusion structure are arranged on the outer surface of the second shell; a second groove body is formed in the second shell;
the upper cover is connected to the first shell, and a sealing ring is arranged between the upper cover and the first shell;
the tab support is clamped on the second shell;
the first partition plate is arranged between the tab bracket and the upper cover.
Preferably, the materials of the second shell and the first partition plate are steel, and the materials of the first shell, the upper cover and the lug support are plastics; the first shell and the second shell are both non-cover boxes with rectangular bottom surfaces.
Preferably, a plurality of puncture preventing structures are arranged on four outer side surfaces of the second shell, and the puncture preventing structures are first reinforcing ribs.
Preferably, a second partition plate which equally divides the second groove body into a plurality of accommodating cavities is arranged in the second groove body of the second shell.
Preferably, two outer side surfaces of the second shell, which are parallel to the second partition plate, are respectively provided with an anti-extrusion structure, and the anti-extrusion structures are energy absorption ribs welded on the second shell.
Preferably, each energy-absorbing rib is extruded with a plurality of energy-absorbing bulges by a steel plate at equal intervals, the width of each energy-absorbing bulge is a, and the distance between two adjacent energy-absorbing bulges is b, and a is greater than b.
Preferably, the convex surface of each energy-absorbing bulge is provided with a second reinforcing rib.
Preferably, a reinforcing structure is arranged in the upper cover; the upper cover is also provided with an anode interface, a cathode interface, an exhaust hole and a communication interface; the exhaust hole is horizontally arranged on the upper cover and is positioned at the highest point of the upper cover.
A battery pack comprises a battery cell module and the battery pack shell, wherein the battery cell module is embedded into the accommodating cavity.
An electric automobile comprises the battery pack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the battery pack shell, the battery pack and the electric automobile, the second shell for placing the battery core module is arranged in the first shell, and the puncture-preventing structure and the extrusion-preventing structure are arranged on the second shell, so that the structural strength of the battery pack shell is improved, short circuit fire and other faults caused by extrusion or puncture of the battery pack in collision or other special environments are prevented, and the battery pack is ensured to be safer in use; through the sealing ring, the first shell and the inner part of the upper cover can form a sealing space, so that the short circuit caused by water penetrating into the shell of the battery pack is avoided when the battery pack is used, and the use safety is ensured; the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of a plurality of battery cell modules in the battery pack are connected through the lug support, so that the series-parallel connection effect of the battery cell modules in the battery pack is realized; through the first baffle, the effect of isolating a plurality of parallel battery cells is achieved, and the mutual influence among a plurality of battery cells is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the second housing according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the reinforcing rib according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second housing and the battery cell module according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of the second housing and the battery cell module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but it should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationship depicted in the drawings is for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a battery pack case includes:
the first shell 1 is internally provided with a first groove body;
the second shell 2 is embedded in the first groove body, and an anti-puncture structure and an anti-extrusion structure are arranged on the outer surface of the second shell 2; a second groove body is formed in the second shell 2;
the upper cover 3 is connected to the first shell 1, and a sealing ring 31 is arranged between the upper cover 3 and the first shell 1;
the tab support 4 is clamped on the second shell 2;
the first partition board 5 is arranged between the tab bracket 4 and the upper cover 3.
According to the invention, the second shell 2 for placing the battery cell module is arranged in the first shell 1, and the puncture-preventing structure and the extrusion-preventing structure are arranged on the second shell 2, so that the structural strength of the battery pack shell is improved, short circuit fire and other faults caused by extrusion or puncture of the battery pack in collision or other special environments are prevented, and the battery pack is ensured to be safer in use; through the sealing ring 31, a sealing space can be formed inside the first shell 1 and the upper cover 3, so that the situation that water permeates into the shell of the battery pack to cause short circuit is avoided when the battery pack is used, and the use safety is ensured; the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of a plurality of battery cell modules in the battery pack are connected through the tab bracket 4, so that the series-parallel connection effect of the battery cell modules in the battery pack is realized; through the first baffle 5, the function of isolating a plurality of parallel battery cells is achieved, and the mutual influence among a plurality of battery cells is avoided.
Through will tab support 4 joint is in on the second casing 2, can also play better fixed action to the electric core module in the second casing 2, guarantee the stability when using.
Further, in another embodiment, the materials of the second housing 2 and the first partition 5 are steel, the structural strength of the steel is relatively high, the anti-extrusion strength is high, and aluminum alloy can be used, but the anti-extrusion strength is low; the first shell 1, the upper cover 3 and the tab support 4 are made of plastic, wherein the plastic is PP, PE, SMC or ABS, PP is optimized according to specific analysis of the whole vehicle strength requirement, and the impact resistance is good; the first shell 1 and the second shell 2 are both non-covered boxes with rectangular bottom surfaces.
The cell module can be better protected by the second shell 2 and the first baffle 5; by the first housing 1 and the upper cover 3, a battery pack case is ensured to have good sealing performance.
Since the second housing 2 can provide sufficient protection capability for the cell module, no special design is required for the first housing 1, and sufficient sealing performance of the battery pack case can be ensured.
Further, in another embodiment, a plurality of puncture preventing structures are disposed on four outer sides of the second housing 2, and the puncture preventing structures are first reinforcing ribs 21.
Adopt first strengthening rib 21, thicken to the weak position of second casing 2 lateral wall, strengthen holistic structural strength, prevent short circuit that causes under collision or other special environment or puncture and break out such as fire, guarantee that the battery package is safer when using.
Further, in another embodiment, a second partition 23 is provided in the second tank of the second housing 2 to equally divide the second tank into a plurality of accommodating chambers 22.
Through the second partition plate 23, and the second partition plate 23 is made of steel or aluminum alloy, each cell module is placed in an independent accommodating cavity, and electromagnetic isolation effect is achieved on each cell module, so that the cell modules are prevented from being affected; the second separator 23 made of steel or aluminum alloy can conduct heat generated by the battery cell module when in use, prevent heat accumulation from causing performance degradation of the battery cell module, and further ensure that the battery pack has better performance.
Further, in another embodiment, two outer sides of the second shell 2 parallel to the second partition 23 are provided with anti-extrusion structures, and the anti-extrusion structures are energy absorbing ribs 24 welded on the second shell 2.
The energy absorption ribs 24 can absorb impact received under impact or other special environments well, so that faults such as short circuit fire and the like caused by extrusion of the battery cell module are avoided, and the battery pack is safer in use.
The energy-absorbing rib 24 is fixed to the second shell 2 in a welding mode, so that the energy-absorbing rib 24 and the second shell 2 are approximately integrated, the received impact can be absorbed better, and a better impact resistance effect is ensured.
The two outer sides of the second shell 2 parallel to the second partition 23 are provided with energy absorbing ribs 24, and the two sides have weak impact resistance effect, so that only the two sides are provided.
Further, in another embodiment, each energy-absorbing rib 24 is formed by extruding a plurality of energy-absorbing protrusions 241 from a steel plate at equal intervals, and each energy-absorbing protrusion 241 has a width a, and a distance between two adjacent energy-absorbing protrusions 241 is b, a > b.
The larger a is, the smaller the contact area between the energy-absorbing rib 24 and the second shell 2 is, the smaller the force transmitted to the second shell 2 by the energy-absorbing rib 24 is, and the smaller the impact on the battery cell module is; however, in order to ensure that the energy-absorbing rib 24 has a sufficient energy-absorbing effect, a sufficient contact area between the energy-absorbing rib 24 and the second casing 2 is required; in summary, the optimum size of a is 2b to 3b.
Further, in another embodiment, the convex surface of each energy-absorbing convex 241 is provided with a second reinforcing rib 242.
The structural strength of the energy-absorbing rib 24 is enhanced through the second reinforcing rib 242, so that the energy-absorbing rib 24 has better energy-absorbing effect; moreover, the second reinforcing rib 242 can provide better puncture preventing effect for the reinforcing rib 24, so as to better protect the cell module.
Further, in another embodiment, a reinforcing structure is provided in the upper cover 3.
Through the reinforced structure, the structural strength of the upper cover 3 is enhanced, and the extrusion resistance and puncture resistance of the upper cover 3 and the battery pack shell are improved.
The upper cover 3 is also provided with a positive electrode interface 32, a negative electrode interface 33, an exhaust hole 34 and a communication interface; the vent hole 34 is horizontally provided on the upper cover 3, and the vent hole 34 is located at the highest point of the upper cover 3.
The battery pack is used for a long time, and a small amount of gas in the battery pack needs to be discharged through the exhaust hole 34; the communication interface is used for the communication interactive connection between the BMS in the battery pack and the whole vehicle.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a battery pack includes a battery cell module 6 and the battery pack case described in embodiment 1, the battery cell module 6 being embedded in a receiving chamber 22.
The invention adopts the unified cell module 6 which is assembled with the cells, and has the advantages of modularized installation and high adaptation degree.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, an electric vehicle includes the battery pack described in embodiment 2.
The battery pack case, the battery pack, and the electric vehicle of the present invention can be easily manufactured or used by those skilled in the art based on the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, and the positive effects described in the present invention can be produced.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, in the present invention, if there are terms such as "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the positional relationship indicated is based on the positional relationship indicated in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it is not necessary to indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the present invention are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limitations of the present patent, and it is possible for those skilled in the art to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in conjunction with the drawings and according to the specific circumstances.
Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" herein are to be construed broadly, e.g., they may be fixed, removable, or integral; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation, etc. of the above embodiment according to the technical matter of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A battery pack housing, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
the device comprises a first shell (1), wherein a first groove body is arranged in the first shell (1);
the second shell (2) is embedded in the first groove body, and an anti-puncture structure and an anti-extrusion structure are arranged on the outer surface of the second shell (2); a second groove body is formed in the second shell (2);
the upper cover (3), the upper cover (3) is connected to the first shell (1), and a sealing ring (31) is arranged between the upper cover (3) and the first shell (1);
the tab support (4) is clamped on the second shell (2);
the first clapboard (5) is arranged between the lug support (4) and the upper cover (3);
the four outer side surfaces of the second shell (2) are respectively provided with a plurality of puncture preventing structures, and the puncture preventing structures are first reinforcing ribs (21); a second partition plate (23) which equally divides the second groove body into a plurality of accommodating cavities (22) is arranged in the second groove body of the second shell (2); two outer side surfaces of the second shell (2) parallel to the second partition plate (23) are respectively provided with an anti-extrusion structure, and the anti-extrusion structures are energy absorption ribs (24) welded on the second shell (2); each energy-absorbing rib (24) is formed by extruding a plurality of energy-absorbing bulges (241) from a steel plate at equal intervals, the width of each energy-absorbing bulge (241) is a, the distance between two adjacent energy-absorbing bulges (241) is b, a is more than b, and a is 2 b-3 b; the convex surface of each energy-absorbing bulge (241) is provided with a second reinforcing rib (242).
2. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein: the second shell (2) and the first partition plate (5) are made of steel or aluminum alloy, and the first shell (1), the upper cover (3) and the lug support (4) are made of plastic; the first shell (1) and the second shell (2) are both non-covered boxes with rectangular bottom surfaces.
3. The battery pack case according to claim 2, wherein: a reinforcing structure is arranged in the upper cover (3); the upper cover (3) is also provided with a positive electrode interface (32), a negative electrode interface (33), an exhaust hole (34) and a communication interface; the exhaust hole (34) is horizontally arranged on the upper cover (3), and the exhaust hole (34) is positioned at the highest point of the upper cover (3).
4. A battery pack, characterized in that: comprising a cell module (6) and a battery pack housing according to any of claims 1 to 3, the cell module (6) being embedded in a receiving cavity (22).
5. An electric automobile, characterized in that: a battery pack comprising the battery pack of claim 4.
CN202210408873.0A 2022-04-19 2022-04-19 Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric automobile Active CN114709535B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN114709535B true CN114709535B (en) 2024-02-02

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CN114122577A (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-01 湖南三合新能源有限责任公司 Battery case with externally-coated battery pack

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003086217A (en) * 2001-09-07 2003-03-20 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Frame structure to mount fuel cell system of fuel cell vehicle
JP2008094309A (en) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-24 Press Kogyo Co Ltd Shock absorbing structure for vehicle frame
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CN112490554A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-12 安徽瓯鹏动力科技有限公司 Battery pack for portable electric vehicle
CN214227075U (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-09-17 深圳市赛德电源技术有限公司 Trade battery package mounting structure convenient to stable installation
CN113506942A (en) * 2021-04-09 2021-10-15 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 Plastic support and battery pack
CN114122577A (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-01 湖南三合新能源有限责任公司 Battery case with externally-coated battery pack

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