Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to design and develop an intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nanometer infrared spectrum detector to realize the detection of multiband infrared spectrums. The inherent defects of low detection precision, narrow detection wave band, difficult optical signal-electric signal conversion and the like of the traditional sensor are overcome; and at the external end of the detector, machine learning is used for carrying out light splitting instead of a light splitting grating. The GeSe two-dimensional nano material is matched with a silicon-based circuit, so that the detector has high integration level, and the cost of the sensor is reduced. The application further aims to provide a preparation method of the GeSe two-dimensional nanometer infrared spectrum detector with intelligent sensing.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nanometer infrared spectrum detector comprises a gate electrode, an insulating layer, a source electrode, a drain electrode, a two-dimensional nanometer material photosensitive layer and a semiconductor active layer which are formed on a substrate, wherein the gate electrode is arranged on a bottom layer, and the insulating layer, the source electrode, the drain electrode, the two-dimensional nanometer material photosensitive layer and the semiconductor active layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The spectrum detector is driven by a certain voltage, and the GeSe two-dimensional nanomaterial photosensitive layer can convert the optical signal of the infrared light source into an electric signal. The role of the semiconductor active layer is to increase the conductivity of the device.
The insulating layer can be solid insulating layer such as silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, etc. by chemical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition or magnetron sputtering, or sol-gel organic gate insulating layer such as PMMA, su8, etc. manufactured by spin coating, printing or dispensing method.
The two-dimensional nanomaterial photosensitive layer is composed of two-dimensional nanomaterial GeSe.
The thickness of the insulating layer is 100-120nm, the thickness of the two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer is 1-30nm, the thickness of the semiconductor active layer is 60-80nm, a unique unilateral nano heterojunction is constructed, the electrical property of the device is improved, and the photosensitive efficiency of the photoelectric detector is enhanced.
The material used for the semiconductor active layer can be one of cadmium selenide, lead sulfide, lead oxide and the like.
The spectroscopic uses infrared spectrum current reconstruction to replace the traditional grating spectroscopic, and comprises three steps of learning, sampling and reconstruction, wherein an n multiplied by n matrix is generated in the learning process; decomposing the sample into a matrix equation by discretization in the sampling step; and solving a matrix equation in the reconstruction process, namely reconstructing the spectrum of the incident light.
The preparation method of the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nanometer infrared spectrum detector comprises the following steps:
1) Manufacturing a gate electrode of the sensor on transparent glass using inkjet printing, and annealing at a temperature of 150 ℃ for 30 minutes;
2) Manufacturing a sol-gel organic gate insulating layer such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and Su8 by using a spin coating, printing or dispensing method, and covering the organic gate insulating layer on a gate electrode;
3) After alignment by the electrode, continuously manufacturing a source electrode and a drain electrode by using ink-jet printing on the insulating layer, and setting a step temperature on a temperature-regulating heat table for annealing for 30 minutes;
4) The GeSe two-dimensional nano material is uniformly distributed on the device by utilizing spin coating, and the photosensitivity and the absorption coefficient of the GeSe two-dimensional nano layer can be improved after the GeSe two-dimensional nano material is repeated for 2 to 3 times, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the detector is improved; 5) And finally, covering the semiconductor material on the two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer by utilizing magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the semiconductor layer is controlled to be 60-80nm.
The beneficial effects are that: the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nano infrared spectrum detector provided by the application uses a sensor array target surface designed by the detector to replace a complex and expensive integrated circuit process to construct a detection target surface of a linear array. Meanwhile, geSe is used as a two-dimensional nano material for the sensor, so that the detection efficiency of the detector in an infrared band is improved, and the problem that the target surface of the sensor formed by other infrared materials is not matched with a silicon-based circuit is solved. Finally, in the aspect of light splitting, the method for splitting the grating used by the traditional sensor is not used any more, and the reconstruction of the optical signals of different wave bands is realized by using machine learning instead, so that the manufacturing cost of the sensor device is reduced. The starting voltage of the device is 3.3v, the detection wave band is infrared, the detection efficiency has stability along with the voltage change, and the detection wavelength range is 650-860nm; the power consumption is as low as 1nw; the detection efficiency EQE is more than 700%.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the present application is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments, it being understood that these embodiments are meant to be illustrative of the application and not limiting the scope of the application, and that modifications of the application, which are equivalent to those skilled in the art to which the application pertains, fall within the scope of the application defined in the appended claims after reading the application.
Example 1:
the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nano infrared spectrum detector device is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a grid electrode 1, an insulating layer 2, a source-drain electrode 3, a GeSe two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer 4, a semiconductor active layer 5 and a grid electrode which are arranged on a bottom layer, wherein the insulating layer, the source-drain electrode, the GeSe two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer and the semiconductor active layer are respectively arranged from bottom to top. The grid electrode and the source electrode and the drain electrode can be formed on the substrate by silver ion ink-jet printing or laser etching; the insulating layer can be a solid insulating layer such as silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide and the like which are deposited by chemical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition or magnetron sputtering, or can be a sol-gel organic gate insulating layer such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), su8 and the like which are manufactured by a spin coating, printing or dispensing method; the photosensitive layer adopts a novel two-dimensional nano material GeSe, so that the infrared detection efficiency of the detector is improved; the semiconductor active layer may be one of cadmium selenide, lead sulfide, lead oxide, etc., in order to improve the conductivity of the device. The thickness of the insulating layer is 100nm, the thickness of the two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer is 60nm, the thickness of the semiconductor active layer is 10nm, and the starting voltage of the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nano infrared spectrum detector device is 3.3v; the power consumption is as low as 1nw; the detection efficiency EQE is more than 700%.
The preparation method of the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nanometer infrared spectrum detector device comprises the following steps:
1) Manufacturing a gate electrode of the sensor on transparent glass using inkjet printing, and annealing at a temperature of 150 ℃ for 30 minutes;
2) Manufacturing a sol-gel organic gate insulating layer such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and Su8 by using a spin coating, printing or dispensing method, and covering the organic gate insulating layer on a gate electrode;
3) After passing the calibration, continuously manufacturing a source electrode and a drain electrode on the insulating layer by using ink-jet printing, and setting a step temperature on a temperature-regulating heat table for annealing for 30 minutes;
4) The GeSe two-dimensional nano material is uniformly distributed on the device by utilizing spin coating, and the photosensitivity and the absorption coefficient of the GeSe two-dimensional nano layer can be improved after the GeSe two-dimensional nano material is repeated for 2 to 3 times, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the detector is improved; 5) And finally, covering the semiconductor material on the two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer by utilizing magnetron sputtering.
The turn-on voltage is 3.3v; the power consumption is as low as 1nw; the detection efficiency EQE is more than 700%.
Example 2:
the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nano infrared spectrum detector device is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a grid electrode 1, an insulating layer 2, a source-drain electrode 3, a GeSe two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer 4, a semiconductor active layer 5 and a grid electrode which are arranged on a bottom layer, wherein the insulating layer, the source-drain electrode, the GeSe two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer and the semiconductor active layer are respectively arranged from bottom to top. The thickness of the insulating layer is 120nm, the thickness of the two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer is 80nm, the thickness of the semiconductor active layer is 20nm, and the starting voltage of the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nano infrared spectrum detector device is 3.3v; the power consumption is as low as 1nw; the detection efficiency EQE is more than 700%.
The preparation method of the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nanometer infrared spectrum detector device comprises the following steps:
1) Manufacturing a gate electrode of the sensor on transparent glass using inkjet printing, and annealing at a temperature of 150 ℃ for 30 minutes;
2) Manufacturing a sol-gel organic gate insulating layer such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and Su8 by using a spin coating, printing or dispensing method, and covering the organic gate insulating layer on a gate electrode;
3) After passing the calibration, continuously manufacturing a source electrode and a drain electrode on the insulating layer by using ink-jet printing, and setting a step temperature on a temperature-regulating heat table for annealing for 30 minutes;
4) The GeSe two-dimensional nano material is uniformly distributed on the device by utilizing spin coating, and after repeating for 2-3 times, the sensitization and absorption coefficient of the GeSe two-dimensional nano layer can be improved after repeating for 2-3 times, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the detector is further improved;
5) And finally, covering the semiconductor material on the two-dimensional nano material photosensitive layer by utilizing magnetron sputtering.
The turn-on voltage is 3.3v; the power consumption is as low as 1nw; the detection efficiency EQE is more than 700%.
Furthermore, the intelligent sensing GeSe two-dimensional nanometer infrared spectrum detector device uses an infrared spectrum current reconstruction method to replace a traditional spectrum detector light splitting method by using a grating, and the working scheme comprises three steps of learning, sampling and reconstructing.
The optical properties of GeSe can be tuned by an external bias displacement field (D) controlled by a voltage applied to the gate electrode. The light response rate (R) may be a function and matrix of the wavelength of the incident light (λ) and the external bias displacement field D.
In the learning process, the continuous response function R (D, lambda) can be discretized into a matrix R D,λ 。R D,λ In response row vectorsBy being displaced in each electric displacement field D i The optical response of a plurality of known incident spectra is measured. And (3) completing the learning process of all n displacement fields to generate a complete n multiplied by n matrix.
In the sampling step, the phase difference between n different displacement fields (D 1 ~D n ) Measuring the photocurrent response of incident light to unknown spectrum to obtain response vector I D . And since the photocurrent (I) depends on the blackbody source temperature T and the spectral response R (λ), at a given displacement D i The photocurrent I (T) is the incident spectral power density and lambda 1 ~λ n The integral of the product of the entire wavelength response,wherein t=t 1 ,T 2 ,…T n The incident power density P (T, λ) depends on the wavelength λ and the temperature T, which can be calculated according to planck's law. When the temperature is highFrom the degrees T1 to Tn, n integral equations can be obtained, which are decomposed into a matrix equation by discretization as follows (1), abbreviated as RXP T,λ =I T 。
In the reconstruction process, the response vector ID measured in the sampling step is brought into RxP T,λ =I T In the matrix equation (P T,λ From planck's law), the R matrix can be solved, and the spectrum of the incident light can be reconstructed by comparing the response matrix R (D, λ) generated by the learning process.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present application, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined in the appended claims.