CN114705126B

CN114705126B - Deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device, process and full stratum monitoring method

Info

Publication number: CN114705126B
Application number: CN202210093874.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李建文; 赵文; 邵红旗; 董大凯; 陈海恩; 何骞; 黄拓; 王庆涛; 晁康; 张超; 闫凯凯; 侯成科; 李永华; 张明银; 赵冬; 徐小兵; 王兵强; 李凡
Original assignee: China Coal Science And Industry Recycling Industry Research Institute Shandong Co ltd; China Coal Technology Industry Xinrong Technology Innovation Development Co ltd; China Coal Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: China Coal Science And Industry Recycling Industry Research Institute Shandong Co ltd; China Coal Technology Industry Xinrong Technology Innovation Development Co ltd; China Coal Science And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-26
Filing date: 2022-01-26
Publication date: 2023-07-25
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-26
Also published as: CN114705126A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deep rock stratum deformation monitoring, in particular to a deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device, a deep goaf optical fiber construction technology and a full-stratum monitoring method, wherein the deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device comprises a guiding column, a movable traction buckle and a self-tensioning type anti-drop mechanism, the movable traction buckle is coaxially connected with the upper part of the guiding column, a boosting structure is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper part of the guiding column from top to bottom, and a plurality of self-tensioning type anti-drop mechanisms are arranged on the outer side wall of the lower part of the guiding column from top to bottom at intervals; the upper part of the movable traction buckle is used for connecting a steel wire rope and an optical fiber when in use. The guiding device can ensure the fluency of light emission when in process construction of ultra-deep near-horizontal directional optical fiber installation, and can ensure the positioning of the tail part after emission, thereby solving the problems that the optical fiber cannot be sent in place, the survival rate of the optical fiber is low and the optical fiber cannot be fixed after being sent in place in the existing method.

Description

Deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device, process and full stratum monitoring method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of deep rock stratum deformation monitoring, in particular to a deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device, a deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding process and a full stratum monitoring method.

Background

With the long-term mass exploitation of coal resources, ground subsidence caused by exploitation has become a geological disaster which commonly occurs worldwide. Ground subsidence is one of 5 geological problems facing the current urban development in China, however, the problem is particularly prominent in economically developed and densely populated cities, and the scheme is used as an important component part of urban homeland space development geological suitability evaluation work and requires technical innovation for reinforcing ground subsidence investigation.

And along with exploitation and utilization of coal resources, a large-scale coal mining subsidence area is formed in China, particularly in a yellow river middle-downstream area with shortage of land resources, urban development is severely restricted by the coal mining subsidence area, and engineering construction can be carried out only after treatment is qualified. After grouting and filling, the goaf of the coal mine still has certain residual deformation for a long time, and in order to ensure the safety of a planned building (construction), 3.0.15 requirements of the technical Specification for the foundation treatment of the building (construction) of the goaf of the coal mine (GB 51180-2016) are met, and the building (construction) on the foundation of the goaf should be subjected to long-term deformation monitoring.

In recent years, the optical fiber monitoring technology has been widely used in a plurality of fields, and the optical fiber monitoring can realize real-time on-line monitoring; the optical sensing and optical transmission are not electrified and are not interfered by electromagnetic waves; the working temperature is high and can reach more than 350 ℃ at most; high temperature and high pressure resistance and corrosion resistance; the measuring precision is high, and the response speed is high; can be connected in series to realize layered measurement; the transmission distance is long and can reach tens of kilometers.

Because the optical fiber has the defects of small diameter, low strength, easy damage and the like, the optical fiber is particularly bound and arranged in a long-distance near-horizontal section of a deep stratum without effective means. The conventional implantation method comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the counterweight guide hammer with the optical cable and the lead wire fixed into the drill hole, and taking the optical cable and the sensor into the deep part of the drill hole by means of gravity. The implantation method can only be used for vertical wells with small depth, can not be applied to long-distance near-horizontal sections of deep rock formations by means of gravity, and can not be used for ultra-deep working conditions.

In addition, the current technology for monitoring the deformation of the deep rock stratum mainly relies on methods such as ground level monitoring, space satellite monitoring, vertical drilling hole monitoring and the like, and monitoring data obtained by the method are disturbed by the ground surface, the subsidence deformation of a fourth-system loose layer is greatly disturbed, and the deformation of the overlying rock stratum of the deep goaf cannot be accurately observed. In addition, the planned engineering site is generally affected by ground engineering construction, does not have ground long-term monitoring conditions, and the conventional monitoring technology needs more ground monitoring points to achieve the monitoring purpose.

Therefore, the invention provides an ultra-deep near-horizontal directional optical fiber guiding device and a process method and a method for realizing deformation distributed optical fiber monitoring, analysis and prediction of a deep goaf rock stratum by using the device, so as to better solve the problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems that the prior method is difficult to implant optical fibers in ultra-deep near horizontal sections, the survival rate is low after the optical fibers are implanted, the optical fiber implantation cost is high, the deformation effect of rock formations in a deep goaf is poor, the precision is low, and the like, and the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device comprises a guiding column, a movable traction buckle and a self-tensioning anti-drop mechanism, wherein the movable traction buckle is coaxially connected with the upper part of the guiding column through a connecting bolt and a latch piece at the bottom of the movable traction buckle; the upper part of the movable traction buckle is used for connecting a steel wire rope and an optical fiber when in use.

In any of the above aspects, preferably, the self-expanding type anti-disengagement mechanism has an outer diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the guide post in the storage state, has an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guide post in the open state, and achieves anti-disengagement positioning in the open state;

in any of the above aspects, preferably, a bottom end of the guide post is provided with an elliptical end.

In any of the above solutions, preferably, the self-tensioning anti-disengaging mechanism includes a plurality of self-tensioning anti-disengaging members respectively mounted in mounting storage cavities on the outer side wall of the guide column at corresponding positions, each mounting storage cavity is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the guide column, and each self-tensioning anti-disengaging member is uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the guide column.

In any of the above schemes, preferably, the self-tensioning anti-falling piece comprises an anti-falling barb, the bottom of the anti-falling barb is movably hinged to be installed in the corresponding installation storage cavity, the middle part of the anti-falling barb is connected with the guide post through a spring, and the upper part of the anti-falling barb is provided with a wedge-shaped barb structure.

In any of the above solutions, it is preferable that the boosting structure includes a spiral guide groove provided on an outer sidewall of an upper portion of the guide post.

In any of the above schemes, preferably, the boosting structure comprises a plurality of metal rings fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the upper part of the guiding column from top to bottom at intervals, a rubber plug is respectively arranged on the outer side wall of the guiding column between the metal rings, the upper end and the lower end of the rubber plug are respectively abutted against the corresponding ends of the metal rings, the guiding column at the bottom of the lowest rubber plug is set to be a thick diameter section, and the guiding columns at the other parts are set to be thin diameter sections; the outer diameter of the thick-diameter section is larger than the outer diameter of the self-expanding anti-drop mechanism in the accommodating state, and the outer diameter of the thick-diameter section is smaller than the outer diameter of the self-expanding anti-drop mechanism in the expanding state.

In any of the above solutions, preferably, the self-tensioning anti-disengaging mechanism includes a plurality of self-tensioning anti-disengaging members respectively mounted on the outer side wall of the guide column at corresponding positions, and each of the self-tensioning anti-disengaging members is uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the guide column.

In any of the above schemes, preferably, the self-tensioning anti-falling piece comprises an anti-falling barb, the bottom of the anti-falling barb is movably hinged on the outer side wall of the guide post at the corresponding position, the middle part of the anti-falling barb is connected with the guide post through a spring, and the upper part of the anti-falling barb is provided with a wedge-shaped barb structure.

In any of the above aspects, preferably, the method for manufacturing and assembling the guide post specifically includes:

the guide post is made of hard plastic, is cylindrical, can be one of copper alloy and iron alloy, and has a length of about 80cm-140cm, and has a maximum middle diameter of about 5-10cm, and the length and the diameter are selected according to the material and application scene of the guide post. The diameter of the guide post is 1-2cm thinner than the maximum position from the extreme end of the guide post to the middle position of about 30-50cm, and the diameter of the guide post is 1-2cm thinner than the maximum position from the extreme end of the guide post to the middle position of about 50-70 cm. The foremost end of the guide post is about 5 cm to 10cm and is one of ellipse and cone.

In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the guiding post end is used for carrying the optical fiber, and the fixing manner is divided into two ways, as follows: in the first mode, the tail end is provided with a screw thread hole, a high-strength bolt is connected, the diameter of the bolt is determined according to an actual guide post, the bolt is about 4-8cm higher than the tail end, the position about 1-2cm outside the tail end of the guide post is fixed with a nut. In the second mode, the tail end of the guide post is provided with a screw thread hole, the high-strength bolt and nut is about 5mm lower than the tail end face of the guide post, a cylindrical iron plate with the height of about 1cm is welded on the nut, and the top end of the iron plate is welded with a nut head. On the basis of the first mode or the second mode, a connecting ring is fixed between the nut and the end face of the guide post, and the connecting ring can rotate 360 degrees.

The distance between the tail end of the guide column and the guide column is 30-50cm, 0-6 water stopping devices are fixed, the water stopping devices are round table type water stopping rings, the thickness is about 5mm-1.2cm, the materials are rubber, plastic-rubber mixtures and the like, and when the guide column is placed in a pipeline due to the round table shape, water flow can be effectively sealed above the guide column, so that reasonable water pressure can continuously push the guide column.

The front end of the guide column is 50-70cm away, two groups of steel or iron barbs are embedded, each group of barbs is 3, the barbs are arranged in a regular triangle on the round surface, the distance between the two groups of barbs is about 3-6cm, the length of the barbs is about 10-20cm, the thickness is about 6mm-1.2cm, and the width is 1-2cm. The barb mounting mode is as follows: two groups of rectangular grooves are formed in the guide post, the groove depth is equal to the width of the barbs, a circle with the diameter slightly larger than the thickness of the barbs is expanded in the middle of each groove, a reinforcing bar with the length of 1cm is welded in the middle of each barb, a spring is connected with the reinforcing bar, the barbs are integrally pressed into the grooves, and the diameter of the spring is equal to the diameter of the circular holes in the grooves.

The invention also provides a process method for realizing the guiding and installing of the ultra-deep near-horizontal directional optical fiber by using the guiding device, wherein the guiding device is the guiding device, and the specific steps of the process method for realizing the guiding and installing of the ultra-deep near-horizontal directional optical fiber by using the guiding device comprise the following steps:

s1: early preparation:

the preliminary preparation detailed steps include:

(a) The formation is to be monitored. The monitoring technology can be widely applied to monitoring deformation of the subsidence stratum in coal mining, and can also be applied to monitoring deformation of the whole stratum after filling and managing the coal mining subsidence area.

Forming holes, namely constructing ultra-deep near-horizontal directional drilling holes according to a monitoring scheme and a purpose, wherein the drilling track and the drilling diameter are determined according to a design and a target horizon to be monitored actually, and the drilling structure is divided into a two-opening structure or a three-opening structure;

(b) And (5) drilling at one time.

Ultra-deep near-horizontal fiber optic installations first require the formation of holes in the goaf formation by directional drilling equipment. The directional drilling structure may be divided into a two-split or a three-split structure.

(c) A protective wall.

In order to prevent the upper loose layer hole wall from collapsing, the stratum coupling material is utilized to protect the wall and prevent the borehole from collapsing.

(d) And drilling in a two-way vertical section.

Directional drilling is generally divided into vertical, deflecting, stabilizing, horizontal, etc. In order to reduce the difficulty of drilling holes in broken formations, the length of the vertical section of the drill holes is preferably controlled within a reasonable range.

(e) And drilling in the second deflecting section.

The deflecting section belongs to a key layer section of directional drilling, and the curvature radius is influenced by the technical level of drilling equipment and operators and the stratum condition. Directional drilling is guided on site by directional technicians throughout the process.

(f) And drilling at a horizontal section near the second opening.

After entering the monitoring main target layer, the directional drilling is performed at a large inclination angle and is performed in a near horizontal drilling mode, and grouting and plugging are needed for sectional drilling when the drilling meets the leakage stratum.

After the directional drilling hole is drilled to a target point, kong Hubi slurry (the slurry contains bentonite, cellulose, graphite, sodium hydroxide and other special materials) is filled into the drilling hole by using a drilling tool, so that the hole collapse accident of the drilling hole during the installation of the optical fiber is prevented.

(g) And (5) grouting a mud wall.

After the directional drilling is performed to form holes, cement slurry is poured to fix the holes, wherein the slurry is cement-based slurry with the same strength as the poured layer;

hole sweeping is carried out after the solidification of the slurry is completed through hole fixing;

in order to prevent the hole from collapsing during the installation of the optical fiber, the hole is filled with wall protection slurry with a lubricating function, wherein the wall protection slurry consists of one or more of graphite powder, light sodium carbonate, polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like, and the slurry is not limited to the materials;

The method also comprises the steps of 1, special fiber channel tubular column approach; determining the sleeve approach time;

2. checking a special fiber channel tubular column; checking the number of special fiber channel pipe columns, removing damaged and incomplete threaded sleeves, and requiring smooth inner walls and consistent inner diameters;

3. performing a ground test of an installation process; and (3) performing field test on the special fiber channel pipe column and the guide head, and judging whether the special fiber channel pipe column is matched with the guide head or not, wherein improvement is required.

Drilling construction requirements are as follows:

1. checking and accepting the drilling and re-checking the drilling track;

2. it is confirmed whether the borehole Kong Naqing condition meets the casing running requirements.

Reducing installation requirements;

connecting the directional drilling machine with a special fiber channel tubular column;

preparation of the main materials is required to be completed before the materials are put down, and the specific preparation materials are as follows:

1. a drift diameter gauge;

2. the male buckle of the drill rig connected with the driving drill rod is changed in diameter;

3. orifice sealing means (ensuring water tightness);

4. guide post (check barb out of sleeve after deployment status);

5. electronic tensiometers, pulleys, waterproof tapes, and the like.

S2: lowering a special fiber channel pipe column into an ultra-deep near-horizontal formed by ultra-deep near-horizontal directional drilling;

(h) The auxiliary equipment is used for installing a special fiber channel pipe column for the fiber conveying channel,

After the well bottom is lowered, the mud is positively circulated by a mud pump, and the rock powder at the well bottom is carried out of the drilled hole.

(i) And after positive circulation to the bottom of the hole and no sediment, lifting the special fiber channel pipe column for 2m.

When the special fiber channel pipe column is put down, after the slurry replacement is finished, the special fiber channel pipe column for the fiber is put down in the whole hole;

the special fiber channel pipe column is a high-strength seamless circular pipe and has strength and toughness.

The diameter of the special fiber channel pipe column meets two conditions that the drilling can be smoothly carried out and the guide column can be put in, a centralizer is arranged on the first pipe column of the special fiber channel pipe column, namely, the pipe orifice is 40cm-150cm away, 2-3 groups of long strip steel plates are welded, and each group is 3-4;

the length of the steel plate is 8cm-15cm, the width of the steel plate is 3 cm-6 cm, the thickness of the steel plate is 2 cm-3.5 cm, the front end and the tail end of the steel plate are respectively processed into slopes, and the steel plate is used for being conveniently and better lowered and pulled out, so that the resistance is reduced.

The steel plate is used for supporting and righting the special fiber channel pipe column, preventing the special fiber channel pipe column from being difficult to drop when being inserted into the horizontal section and preventing rock scraps in the holes from entering the special fiber channel pipe column.

And a slurry pump is started in the pipe discharging process, so that lubricating wall-protecting slurry is continuously circulated.

S3: the installation of the guide column, the connection of the optical fiber and the guide column and the installation of the device at the upper part of the special optical fiber channel pipe column;

(j) The optical fiber passes through the orifice sealing device and is connected with the guide post, the guide post is lowered from the orifice, and the orifice sealing device is connected with the special optical fiber channel pipe column in a threaded manner.

S4: binding the steel wire rope and the optical fiber, and carrying out pressure releasing and conveying the optical fiber under the guiding action of the guiding post;

when the optical fiber is conveyed by pressure, the conveying flow is required to be calculated, the pump pressure is observed, the tension is measured by a dynamometer, the installation length is calculated, and the optical fiber signal is tested;

(k) And conveying the guide post to the bottom of the special fiber channel tubular column through pressure. The optical fiber tension is monitored in real time through the tension meter in the conveying process, and the optical fiber is uniformly stressed in the lowering process by adjusting the conveying pressure, so that the optical fiber is ensured not to be damaged in the installation process. (the delivery pressure can be achieved by adjusting the mud pump/air compressor flow rate)

After the optical fiber installation length reaches the target length, the rapid increase of the consumption of the conveying medium or the rapid decrease of the conveying pressure is observed, the fact that the guide column is punched out of the sleeve is confirmed, and the pressure conveying is stopped.

The pressure delivery medium may be circulated mud (mud pump pumping) or air (air compressor supply).

Specifically, the specific operation steps of lowering the delivery fiber in S4 are as follows:

Connecting a steel wire rope and an optical fiber with a connecting ring at the front end of the guide post, wherein the steel wire rope and the optical fiber respectively pass through a pulley guide hole;

the pulley connected with the steel wire rope is a main pulley, namely a bearing pulley, and the height of the pulley is lower than that of the pulley connected with the optical fiber.

And a chest expander is connected above the main pulley, and the tension of the steel wire rope in the releasing process is observed in real time.

1-4 optical fibers can be put into the optical fiber, and the optical fibers are determined according to functions and requirements;

the diameter of the steel wire rope is not too thick or too heavy except meeting the bearing capacity, and the diameter is required to be calculated and determined in advance.

The steel wire rope and the optical fiber penetrate through the cover plate and the sealing ring to be connected with the orifice device, the cover plate and the sealing ring are perforated with a plurality of small holes in advance, the sealing ring is positioned between the cover plate and the orifice device and is connected by bolts, and the steel wire rope and the optical fiber are made of rubber, natural rubber, silicon rubber and the like.

And (3) slowly lowering the guide column into the drilled hole with the optical fiber and the steel wire rope, and when the vertical section is lowered as dead weight as much as possible and the dead weight cannot be lowered, opening the pump hole to circularly press in the wall-protecting slurry, and pushing the guide column to advance by water pressure to obtain the required slurry amount, and performing ground test and related theoretical calculation in advance.

The lowering process is suspended once every 20m-30m, the orifice sealing device is opened, the sealing rubber pad is used for lowering the steel wire rope and the optical fiber together, the orifice sealing device is assembled, the reciprocating circulation is carried out until the distance from the hole bottom is 10-20m, the pumping mud amount is increased at the moment, and the pressure is increased to push the guide pillar to punch out the special optical fiber channel pipe column.

After the guide post punches out the special fiber channel pipe column, the barb of the guide post bounces off and is clamped into the hole, the steel wire rope is pulled up forcefully, and after the steel wire rope is ensured to be straight, the reaction force enables the barb to be clamped in the hole tightly.

In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the present invention also makes various innovative improvements in carrying out the above construction:

(1) The guide post is processed by a nylon rod, and the bottom of the guide post is processed into an oval shape so as to be beneficial to the guide post to continuously move forward for a certain distance in the drilled hole after the special fiber channel pipe column is punched out; a spring anti-falling device is arranged at the position of the guide column close to the bottom end;

the guide post can be automatically opened after the guide post enters the bottom of the hole and exits the special fiber channel pipe column, so that the guide post is prevented from shifting along with the special fiber channel pipe column when the special fiber channel pipe column is lifted; a rubber ring is arranged at the position, close to the top end, of the guide column, the diameter of the rubber ring is 1mm larger than the inner diameter of the special fiber channel column after the rubber ring is arranged, and stable pressure can be formed in the special fiber channel column along with pumping mud in the special fiber channel column, so that the guide column is pushed to move to the bottom of the hole; the optical fiber connecting device is arranged at the top end of the guide post, so that the optical fiber and the steel wire rope can be firmly connected.

(2) In order to prevent the damage of the optical fiber caused by the excessive tensile force generated during the operation of the guide post, the invention adopts a 5mm steel wire rope as a main tension member.

The steel wire rope and the optical fiber are connected to the guide post by adopting a buckle, and the optical fiber is loosely bound on the steel wire rope, so that the optical fiber is ensured not to be pulled in the advancing process of the guide post.

(3) The orifice sealing device is connected with the special fiber channel pipe column by screw threads.

The top end of the orifice sealing device is welded with a cover plate flange, a thickened rubber pad matched with the cover plate is processed, and then a blind plate flange with the same specification is selected to fix the rubber pad through screws so as to achieve the sealing and waterproof effects.

A plurality of holes with proper size are cut at the center positions of the blind flange and the rubber pad, so that a steel wire rope and optical fibers penetrate through the cover plate to enter the special optical fiber channel pipe column, the diameters of the holes are matched with those of the steel wire rope and the optical fibers for guaranteeing the sealing effect, and the holes are too large to easily cause leakage slurry and unstable operation of the guide column.

A port is provided in the orifice sealing device, which port is connected to the pressure pumping device to provide the delivery pressure to the guide column.

(4) And a centralizer is welded at the bottom of the special fiber channel pipe column to prevent the special fiber channel pipe column from clinging to the well wall after entering the hole bottom, so that sediment in the well enters the special fiber channel pipe column to prevent the guide pillar from entering the hole bottom.

(5) The mud pumping equipment adopts a variable-frequency mud pump, and can control the pumping pressure in the special fiber channel pipe column by adopting different pumping quantities, thereby playing a role in controlling the running speed of the guide post.

In the optical fiber lowering process, the slurry pumping quantity, the pumping pressure and the optical fiber lowering speed are recorded in detail, so that whether the guide post enters the hole bottom is judged according to the pumping quantity and the pumping pressure.

(6) In the process of lowering, the steel wire rope is ensured to be used as a stressed main body, so that the tensile damage of the optical fiber is prevented.

And when the optical fiber is put down for 20 meters, the sealing cover plate and the rubber pad at the top end of the orifice device are detached, the optical fiber and the steel wire rope are fixed together, and the optical fiber is prevented from being knotted and damaged in the hole.

In the optical fiber lowering process, the survival condition of the optical cable and the sensor is checked every 100 meters, and the optical cable in the drilled hole is pre-tensioned according to the detected strain condition, so that a good monitoring effect is ensured.

(7) In the optical fiber lowering process, the steel wire rope is connected with the dynamometer, the change of the dynamometer is observed at any time, and the pump pressure and the output flow are adjusted according to the numerical value of the dynamometer so as to prevent the optical fiber from being damaged due to overlarge pulling force.

(8) When the guide post approaches the hole bottom, the pump pressure is increased, the lowering speed of the guide post is accelerated, and the guide post is ensured to enter the hole bottom once.

In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the required precautions in the optical fiber lowering step include:

1. the connection mode of the guide post and the optical fiber as well as the steel wire rope;

2. the two optical fibers and the steel wire rope are put down and are connected together;

3. guiding the sealing condition of the rubber plug at the top of the column;

4. when the optical fiber is put down, the same scale positions of the two optical fibers are arranged together;

5. the specific gravity of the injected medium, the rate of the injected medium and the pumping pressure are recorded;

6. monitoring the tension count value in real time, and testing the optical fiber signal;

7. controlling the mode and the speed of the optical fiber in the sleeve;

8. it is determined whether the guide post is cannulated.

In any of the above aspects, preferably, the technical matters of the method for implementing the guiding installation of the ultra-deep near-horizontal oriented optical fiber by using the guiding device include:

the instrument used in the technical method for realizing ultra-deep near-horizontal directional optical fiber guiding and installing by utilizing the guiding device comprises a guiding column, a hole device, a connector, a dynamometer, a drill rod, a special optical fiber channel column, mud pumping equipment, a special optical fiber channel column bottom centralizer and a steel wire rope, and is characterized in that: the optical fiber and the steel wire rope are connected to the guide column; the special fiber channel pipe column is lowered into a drill hole, and the smooth inner wall and the tightness of the special fiber channel pipe column are used as a track for guiding the pipe column to run; the mud pumping equipment pumps mud into the special fiber channel pipe column through the orifice device, and the mud pushes the guide post to be sent to the bottom of the hole;

During construction, it is first ensured that the wall-protecting slurry fills the borehole and the dedicated fibre channel pipe string.

1. The optical fiber and the steel rope are fixed.

2. The hole device, the rubber pad and the flange plate penetrate through the optical fiber and the steel rope, and the protection of the optical fiber is paid attention to in the process of penetrating the optical fiber.

3. The optical fiber and the steel rope are connected with the guide column interface, so that firm connection is ensured.

4. The guide post is placed in the special fiber channel pipe column, the special fiber channel pipe column is connected with the orifice device, the steel rope and the optical fiber are fixed by the pulley, so that the optical fiber is prevented from bending, and the pulley is connected with the tension meter.

5. The pumping pressure medium pushes the guide post to drop the optical fiber, the steel rope is guaranteed to be stressed in the pumping process, the optical fiber is not stressed, the pumping flow is stable with the dropping speed, the flow is uniform, and the pumping flow, the time and the dropping depth are synchronously recorded.

6. The optical fibers and the steel ropes are fixed every 20 meters (the flange plate is opened for fixing, guan Beng is pressed back to avoid potential safety hazards), and the optical fibers and the steel ropes are prevented from being wound in the holes. Optical fiber monitoring is carried out every 100 meters, so that smooth optical fiber signals in the descending process are ensured, and if a problem occurs, the optical fibers are lifted in time.

7. Repeating the operation, recording the optical fiber lowering depth in time, and flushing the guide post by adopting a large pump quantity until the last 10 meters, so as to ensure that the guide post is sent out of the special optical fiber channel pipe column, and the barb of the guide post clamps the hole wall.

8. And (3) observing pumping flow consumption and a tension count value, and after confirming that the guide post is out of the special fiber channel pipe column, pulling out the special fiber channel pipe column from the drill hole by using auxiliary equipment, and testing whether the optical fiber signal is smooth or not again.

9. And (3) detaching the orifice sealing device, installing the high-pressure grouting device, fixing the steel rope, and grouting and sealing the hole by high-pressure grouting of the stratum coupling agent.

10. And after grouting is finished, measuring whether the optical fiber signal is smooth again, recording tension data in time in the grouting process and after grouting is finished, and primarily judging the stress condition of the steel rope in the grouting process and after grouting is finished in the initial final setting period of the grout according to the tension data.

11. The optical fiber exposed on the ground is well protected, and the correct measurement and acquisition of the data in the next time are ensured.

S5: confirming that the optical fiber is put in place and guiding the column to go out of the sleeve;

s6: extracting a sleeve and synchronously sealing holes and grouting;

(m) after the fiber optic installation reaches the predetermined location, injecting formation couplant into the borehole from the dedicated fiber channel tubing string through the orifice sealing device.

The couplant is cement-based slurry doped with an additive in a certain proportion, so that the couplant and the rock stratum are ensured to be deformed in a coordinated way.

And (n) in the pouring process, the special fiber channel pipe column is lifted synchronously, so that the slurry in the drilling hole is ensured to be fully replaced by the stratum coupling agent.

While priming the couplant, care was taken to see if the mud returned from the orifice has been replaced with couplant.

And (o) after the special fiber channel pipe column is completely extracted from the drill hole, replacing the orifice sealing device with a drill hole high-pressure grouting device, continuing to perform pressure grouting on the coupling agent, and finishing the grouting by the design of the final hole pressure so as to ensure that the whole stratum in the drill hole is fully coupled with the optical fiber. (the drilling vertical depth is not more than 600m and the final hole pressure is 4MPa when the water head height is less than 100m calculated by a manager.)

And (p) after grouting is finished, monitoring an orifice tension meter in real time, removing an orifice traction device and a drilling high-pressure grouting device after the numerical value is stable, testing the integrity of the optical fiber, and measuring the background value of the optical fiber.

After confirming that the guide column punches out the special fiber channel column into the bottom of the hole, pulling up the special fiber channel column: when the optical fiber is successfully put into the hole, the special optical fiber channel pipe column is pulled up, and the guide column and the optical fiber cannot be pulled out together with the special optical fiber channel pipe column due to the reaction force of the barbs;

pulling out the special fiber channel pipe column from the drill hole, and synchronously pouring a coupling agent for hole sealing;

measures are taken to ensure the safety of the optical fiber when the sleeve is lifted, and the tension count value is concerned in real time, so that the damage of the optical fiber caused by overlarge tension when the sleeve is lifted is avoided;

Grouting and hole sealing, in the process of pulling up the special fiber channel pipe column, synchronously carrying out in-hole grouting, and pouring a couplant while lifting the special fiber channel pipe column to ensure that the couplant fixes the optical fiber and is tightly coupled with the rock stratum in the hole.

S7: and (5) completion acceptance.

In any of the above schemes, preferably, a method for monitoring the deformation of the deep strata in the goaf by using a guiding device is realized, the method relates to a three-dimensional net deformation monitoring method for the deep strata in the goaf, the method can construct a three-dimensional monitoring net by only adopting a small amount of long-distance horizontal directional drilling holes, the deformation of each layer of the deep strata in different directions can be accurately monitored, a construction method for three-dimensional net three-dimensional advanced prediction of the deformation of the earth surface is provided, three-dimensional net-shaped monitoring data can be formed in the stratum at the upper part of the goaf, the monitoring data is transmitted to a monitoring platform in real time, and the monitoring platform predicts the deformation of the earth surface in advance according to the change condition of each layer, and the method comprises the following steps: the guiding device is a guiding device as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, and the specific steps of the method for realizing the full formation deformation monitoring of the deep goaf rock stratum by using the guiding device include:

T1: arranging drilling holes in a stratum to be monitored by utilizing a directional drilling technology, so that the directional drilling holes are distributed along the coal seam inclination direction, the length of each directional drilling hole needs to pass through a goaf to reach 10m displacement in a coal pillar, and the arrangement width of the stratum position of each directional drilling hole is reasonably set according to the stratum thickness;

t2: forming mesh monitoring points on stratum with different depths;

the specific structure of the mesh monitoring points is shown in the corresponding drawing.

T3: the optical fiber is conveyed to the bottom of the drilling hole through the guide post, the optical fiber is distributed into a net structure as shown in the figure, and one side of the special optical fiber channel pipe column is withdrawn for grouting, so that the optical fiber is fixed in the stratum;

t4: arranging displacement real-time monitoring optical fibers from bottom to top, and finally realizing a three-dimensional net-shaped monitoring structure of directional drilling arrangement in goaf overlying strata;

the three-dimensional net-shaped monitoring structure is shown in the corresponding figure.

T5: according to the inclination angle of the directional drilling and the optical fiber monitoring data, converting the vertical displacement of the rock stratum movement change, and according to the optical fiber monitoring data in the net surface of different stratum layers, establishing a real-time goaf cover rock displacement change three-dimensional monitoring system;

t6: according to the time-varying condition of stratum displacement in the real-time monitoring system, the earth surface deformation is deduced, so that the earth surface subsidence condition near the existing building can be predicted, and intervention treatment or personnel evacuation can be performed before dangerous conditions are met; but also can evaluate the site stability of the building to be built and provide scientific basis for the subsequent ground engineering construction.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the guiding device can ensure the fluency of the optical fiber descending when in process construction of ultra-deep near-horizontal directional optical fiber installation, and can ensure the positioning of the tail part after descending, thereby solving the problems that the optical fiber cannot be sent in place, the survival rate of the optical fiber is low and the optical fiber cannot be fixed after being sent in place in the existing method.

2. The construction of the whole process method for installing the ultra-deep near-horizontal directional optical fiber can ensure the smoothness of the installation of the optical fiber and has good construction effect, and the effect of protecting the optical fiber in place is effectively achieved.

In addition, the three-dimensional mesh three-dimensional advanced prediction earth surface deformation method related in the method for realizing the full stratum deformation monitoring of the rock stratum in the deep goaf by utilizing the guiding device has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

the three-dimensional netlike three-dimensional deformation monitoring system constructed by using the directional optical fiber layout can monitor the deformation conditions of stratum with different depths in an omnibearing manner, has higher monitoring precision and is more accurate in surface deformation prediction.

Meanwhile, the whole construction process can bypass the existing buildings on the ground surface, and has the advantages of low cost, low engineering quantity and short construction period.

When the existing building structure exists on the ground surface, the method has more obvious advantages, and can bypass building construction without dismantling the building.

The method has the effects and effects of analysis and prediction:

during analysis:

and analyzing the deformation data of the whole stratum of the monitoring area by using the distributed optical fiber monitoring data.

When predicting, the following steps are:

and (3) summarizing formation deformation rules by analyzing different formation deformation values, constructing a calculation formula of all formation deformation of the region, and predicting the deformation of the earth surface and deep rock stratum of the unmonitored region. And the residual deformation of the deep rock stratum of the goaf can be predicted by combining the long-term monitoring data.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or features are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings, the elements or components are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the guide device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the guide device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of the guiding device of the present invention for connecting a wire rope and an optical fiber.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the self-expanding type release mechanism of the guide device of the present invention when opened.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a construction flow before the optical fiber is released.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the present invention from the fiber down to the completion of the construction.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the installation state before the optical fiber is released.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical fiber of the present invention after completion of the construction.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a conventional optical fiber monitoring technique.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a directional fiber arrangement of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a directional fiber optic layout of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a directional fiber arrangement of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a graph 1 of the change of rope tension with grouting according to the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a graph 2 of the change in tension during setting of a slurry according to the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a chart 3 of the change in tension during setting of the slurry of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a chart 4 of the change in tension during setting of the slurry of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a guide post; 2. a movable traction buckle; 3. a connecting bolt; 4. a wire rope; 5. an optical fiber; 6. an oval end; 7. an anti-falling barb; 8. a spring; 9. a metal ring; 10. a rubber plug; 11. a dedicated fibre channel pipe string; 12. a tension meter; 13. a pressure gauge; 14. spiral diversion trenches; 15. a sealing device; 16. and (3) a pulley.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The specific structure of the present invention is shown in fig. 1-16.

The deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device comprises a guiding column, a movable traction buckle and a self-tensioning anti-drop mechanism, wherein the movable traction buckle is coaxially connected with the upper part of the guiding column through a connecting bolt and a latch piece at the bottom of the movable traction buckle; the upper part of the movable traction buckle is used for connecting a steel wire rope and an optical fiber when in use.

The movable traction buckle adopts an annular metal buckle, the upper part is connected with the optical fiber and the steel wire rope, and the lower part is connected with the guide post through a bolt.

The main function is to connect the optical fiber, the steel wire rope and the guiding post. The device can move in parallel along the axial direction of the bolt, can also rotate freely at 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction, and prevents a plurality of optical fibers connected with the traction buckle from being intertwined with the steel wire rope when the guide post rotates.

The part close to the screw cap is smoothly arranged, so that the traction buckle can move along the axial direction conveniently, and the front end is provided with a wire and is tightly connected with the main body structure of the guide post.

The bolt piece adopts a metal round rod piece, and transversely passes through the bolt and the main body structure through the prefabricated small holes.

The main function is to fix the bolt on the main structure.

The main function is to connect the traction buckle with the main structure.

The steel wire rope plays a role of bearing the dead weight of the optical fiber in the process of lowering and preventing the optical fiber from being damaged due to overlarge conveying pressure.

The oval end head can ensure that the guide post continues to move forward along the hole wall after the special fiber channel pipe column is punched out until the guide post is completely conveyed out of the sleeve. The guide post can be effectively prevented from being blocked by the hole wall.

The guide post is provided with a plurality of self-tensioning anti-falling pieces, each self-tensioning anti-falling piece comprises four anti-falling barbs, each barb is connected with the guide post through a spring, and in the special fiber channel pipe column, the barbs are compressed by the sleeve wall and are tightened in the corresponding installation cavity of the guide post. After the guide post is punched out of the sleeve, the barbs are stretched in an umbrella shape (the stretching angle can be freely set according to the length of the spring) in a natural state, and the wall of the drilling hole is firmly clamped, so that the optical fiber is prevented from being lifted out of the drilling hole together with the guide post in the process of lifting the special optical fiber channel pipe column.

The spring provided herein connects the barb with the body member providing flexibility to the barb.

The spiral guide groove adopts a bidirectional spiral groove, and in the process of pressure conveying of the optical fibers, the fluid medium drives the guide post to rotate and advance through the spiral groove, so that the guide post is prevented from being blocked and blocked in the special optical fiber channel pipe column.

S1: early preparation:

formulating an optical fiber monitoring scheme;

1. a special fiber channel pipe column enters the field; determining the sleeve approach time;

technical standard of special fiber channel pipe column: the inner wall is smooth, the inner diameter and the outer diameter are consistent, no dislocation exists, the wall thickness is not less than 6mm, the material grade is not less than N80, the inner diameter is more than 75mm, a single section is preferably about 10m, and the single section is connected by screw threads, so that the disassembly is convenient.

The function of the special fiber channel pipe column: a special conveying channel is provided for the guide post to advance.

Drilling construction:

1. checking and accepting the drilling and re-checking the drilling track;

Reducing installation;

1. a drift diameter gauge;

3. orifice sealing means (ensuring water tightness);

4. guide post (check barb out of sleeve after deployment status);

5. electronic tensiometers, pulleys, waterproof tapes, and the like.

when the optical fiber is conveyed under pressure, the conveying flow is required to be calculated, the pump pressure is observed through a pressure gauge, the tension is measured through a dynamometer, the installation length is calculated, and the optical fiber signal is tested;

in any of the above schemes, preferably, the specific operation steps of lowering the delivery fiber in S4 are as follows:

The lowering process is suspended once every 20m-30m, the orifice sealing device is opened, the steel wire rope and the optical fiber below the sealing rubber cushion are fixed together, the orifice sealing device is assembled, the reciprocating circulation is carried out until the distance from the bottom of the hole is 10-20m, the pumping mud amount is increased at the moment, and the pressure is increased to push the guide pillar to punch out the special optical fiber channel pipe column.

the guide post can be automatically opened after the guide post enters the bottom of the hole and exits the special fiber channel pipe column, so that the guide post is prevented from shifting along with the special fiber channel pipe column when the special fiber channel pipe column is lifted; a rubber ring is arranged at the position, close to the top end, of the guide column, the diameter of the rubber ring is 1mm larger than the inner diameter of the special fiber channel column after the rubber ring is arranged, the upper end of a sleeve at the top forms a seal and can be used for a steel wire rope to move downwards, and stable pressure can be formed in the special fiber channel column along with pumping mud in the special fiber channel column to push the guide column to move to the bottom of a hole; the optical fiber connecting device is arranged at the top end of the guide post, so that the optical fiber and the steel wire rope can be firmly connected.

3. guiding the sealing condition of the rubber plug at the top of the column;

7. controlling the mode and the speed of the optical fiber in the sleeve;

8. it is determined whether the guide post is cannulated.

1. The optical fiber and the steel rope are fixed.

s6: extracting a sleeve and synchronously sealing holes and grouting;

grouting and hole sealing, in the process of pulling up the special fiber channel pipe column, synchronously carrying out in-hole grouting, and pouring a coupling agent while lifting the special fiber channel pipe column to ensure that the coupling agent fixes the optical fiber and is tightly coupled with the rock stratum in the hole;

and after hole sealing is finished, testing whether the optical fiber is good or not, and measuring a background value.

S7: and (5) completion acceptance.

t2: forming mesh monitoring points on stratum with different depths;

the calculation formula is as follows:

Y=m1y1cosa1+m2y2cosa2+m3y3cosa3+……+mnyncosan。

wherein Y is the ground surface settlement, Y1 is the deformation of the stratum 1 along the axial direction of the optical fiber, an is the average included angle between the stratum n and the vertical direction, n is the stratum number, and m is the stratum adjustment coefficient.

And (3) injection: the deformation of the overlying strata of the goaf is transferred from bottom to top layer by layer, and the ground surface deformation root is caused by the fact that the goaf is formed after the exploitation of the underlying coal seam and the collapse deformation of the deep goaf is transferred upwards. The optical fiber monitoring deformation is a relative deformation value between monitoring points and is not an absolute subsidence deformation value of a certain rock stratum, so that the earth surface deformation value can be calculated by superposition of the subsidence deformation values of each stratum monitored by the optical fiber.

Optical fiber monitoring and analysis:

1. the change in the tension count value during grouting is shown in graph 1 of fig. 13.

The upper curve in graph 1 is the tensile force of the steel rope and the optical fiber, and the lower curve is the grouting pressure. From the figure, the optical fiber tension has no obvious change at the beginning of the grouting stage, the optical fiber tension gradually decreases after grouting for a few hours, and the tension rises again after grouting and pressing are finished.

2. The change in tension during setting of the slurry is shown in fig. 14, fig. 2, fig. 15, fig. 3, and fig. 16, fig. 4.

It can be found from graph 2 that after the grouting is stopped, the tension changes during the initial setting of the slurry, the tension begins to increase after 18 hours, the tension decreases after 8 hours, which indicates that the couplant has an effect on the optical fiber in the setting process, and graphs 3 and 4 can show that the tension fluctuates in a certain range, gradually tends to be stable over time, and the tension of the optical fiber obviously decreases in the final stage of graph 4, which indicates that the couplant has completed setting. In the whole process, the tensile force of the optical fiber is monitored in real time in the whole process, so that the optical fiber is prevented from being damaged during the solidification of the couplant.

And the sensing optical cable is pre-installed in the hole bottom through drilling, and the strain distribution of the sensing optical cable can be collected as an initial value after the drilling coupling slurry is solidified. The strain distribution of the fiber optic cable within the borehole is then monitored periodically. And the change condition of the strain distribution of the mining stratum in the whole process can be obtained by comparing the strain initial value with the strain initial value, so that the deformation distribution of the mining stratum and the change rule thereof are analyzed.

The coupling among the stratum, the drilling hole sealing material and the sensing optical cable is a key factor for determining the monitoring precision of the distributed optical fiber of the full section of the ground subsidence drilling hole. The coupling agent is prepared by mixing cement-based slurry with an additive, and can be deformed in coordination with a stratum through field test, so that the coupling agent has good coupling property.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims and description; any alternative modifications or variations to the embodiments of the present invention will fall within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. Deep goaf optic fibre construction guiding device, its characterized in that: the self-tensioning type anti-drop device comprises a guide post, a movable traction buckle and a self-tensioning type anti-drop mechanism, wherein the movable traction buckle is coaxially connected with the upper part of the guide post, a boosting structure is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper part of the guide post from top to bottom, and a plurality of self-tensioning type anti-drop mechanisms are arranged on the outer side wall of the lower part of the guide post from top to bottom at intervals; the upper part of the movable traction buckle is used for connecting a steel wire rope and an optical fiber when in use;

the outer diameter of the self-expanding type anti-disengaging mechanism in the accommodating state is smaller than that of the guide column, the outer diameter of the self-expanding type anti-disengaging mechanism in the expanding state is larger than that of the guide column, and anti-disengaging positioning is realized in the expanding state;

the bottom end part of the guide post is provided with an oval end head;

the self-tensioning anti-disengaging mechanism comprises a plurality of self-tensioning anti-disengaging pieces which are respectively arranged in installation storage cavities on the outer side wall of the guide column at corresponding positions, wherein the installation storage cavities are respectively and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the guide column, and the self-tensioning anti-disengaging pieces are respectively and uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the guide column;

the boosting structure comprises a plurality of metal rings which are fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the upper part of the guide post from top to bottom at intervals, rubber plugs are respectively arranged on the outer side wall of the guide post between the metal rings, the upper end and the lower end of each rubber plug are respectively abutted against the corresponding ends of the metal rings, the guide posts at the bottom of each rubber plug are arranged into a thick-diameter section, and the guide posts at the other parts are arranged into thin-diameter sections; the outer diameter of the thick-diameter section is larger than the outer diameter of the self-expanding anti-drop mechanism in the accommodating state, and the outer diameter of the thick-diameter section is smaller than the outer diameter of the self-expanding anti-drop mechanism in the expanding state.

2. The deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the self-tensioning anti-falling piece comprises an anti-falling barb, the bottom of the anti-falling barb is movably hinged to be installed in a corresponding installation storage cavity, the middle part of the anti-falling barb is connected with the guide post through a spring, and the upper part of the anti-falling barb is provided with a wedge-shaped barb structure.

3. The technical method for realizing the guiding and mounting of the ultra-deep nearly horizontal directional optical fiber by utilizing the guiding device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the guiding device is the guiding device as claimed in claim 2, and the specific steps of the technical method for realizing the guiding and mounting of the ultra-deep near-horizontal oriented optical fiber by using the guiding device comprise the following steps:

s1: early preparation:

after directional drilling and pore forming, pouring cement slurry to fix pores, wherein the slurry is cement-based slurry with the same strength as a pouring layer;

in order to prevent the borehole from collapsing during the installation of the optical fiber, the borehole is filled with wall protection slurry with a lubricating function;

the mud pump is started in the pipe discharging process, so that lubricating wall-protecting mud is continuously circulated;

the specific operation steps of lowering and conveying the optical fiber in the S4 are as follows:

connecting a steel wire rope and an optical fiber with a connecting ring at the front end of a guide post, and respectively passing through a pulley guide hole;

the pulley connected with the steel wire rope is a main pulley, namely a bearing pulley, and the height of the pulley is lower than that of the pulley connected with the optical fiber;

the upper part of the main pulley is connected with a chest expander, and the tension of the steel wire rope in the process of releasing is observed in real time;

1-4 optical fibers are put down, and the optical fibers are determined according to functions and requirements;

the diameter of the steel wire rope is not too thick or too heavy except meeting the bearing force, and needs to be calculated and determined in advance;

the steel wire rope and the optical fiber penetrate through the cover plate and the sealing ring to be connected with the orifice device, a plurality of small holes are perforated in advance on the cover plate and the sealing ring, the sealing ring is positioned between the cover plate and the orifice device and is connected with the steel wire rope through bolts, and the optical fiber holes and the steel wire rope holes are compacted after compression to prevent high-pressure liquid from being sprayed out;

Slowly lowering the guide column into the drill hole with the optical fiber and the steel wire rope, and when the vertical section is lowered as dead weight as much as possible and the dead weight cannot be lowered, opening the pump hole to circularly press in the wall-protecting slurry, and pushing the guide column to advance by water pressure to obtain the required slurry amount, and performing ground test and related theoretical calculation in advance; the stress of the steel wire rope is strictly controlled within the tensile strength range in the process of lowering;

stopping the descending process once every 20-30 m, opening the orifice sealing device, fixing the steel wire rope and the optical fiber below the sealing rubber cushion together, and then, arranging the orifice sealing device, and repeatedly circulating until the distance from the bottom of the hole is 10-20m, at the moment, increasing the pumping mud quantity, and increasing the pressure to push the guide pillar to punch out the special optical fiber channel pipe column;

after the guide post punches out the special fiber channel pipe column, the barb of the guide post bounces off and is clamped into the hole, the steel wire rope is pulled up forcefully, and after the steel wire rope is straightened, the reaction force enables the barb to be clamped in the hole tightly;

s6: extracting a sleeve and synchronously sealing holes and grouting;

after hole sealing is finished, testing whether the optical fiber is intact or not, and measuring a background value;

s7: and (5) completion acceptance.

4. The method for realizing the full stratum deformation monitoring of the rock stratum of the deep goaf by using the guiding device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the guiding device is a guiding device as claimed in claim 2, and the specific steps of the method for realizing the full stratum deformation monitoring of the rock stratum of the deep goaf by using the guiding device comprise the following steps:

t1: arranging drilling holes in a stratum to be monitored by using a directional drilling technology, arranging the directional drilling holes along the coal seam inclination direction, enabling the length to pass through a goaf to reach 10m displacement in a coal pillar, and setting the arrangement width of a directional drilling rock layer according to the stratum thickness;

t2: forming mesh monitoring points on stratum with different depths;

T3: the optical fiber is conveyed to the bottom of a drilling hole through a guide post, the optical fiber is laid into a net structure, and one side of a special optical fiber channel pipe column is withdrawn for grouting, so that the optical fiber is fixed in a stratum;

t4: arranging displacement real-time monitoring optical fibers from bottom to top to realize a three-dimensional net-shaped monitoring structure of directional drilling arrangement in goaf overlying strata;