CN114696693A - Intelligent capacity-regulating transformer - Google Patents

Intelligent capacity-regulating transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114696693A
CN114696693A CN202210611531.9A CN202210611531A CN114696693A CN 114696693 A CN114696693 A CN 114696693A CN 202210611531 A CN202210611531 A CN 202210611531A CN 114696693 A CN114696693 A CN 114696693A
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China
Prior art keywords
phase
low
voltage
voltage coil
transformer
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CN202210611531.9A
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CN114696693B (en
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毛宁宁
耿滨滨
张栋
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Shandong Dongchen Energy Saving Power Equipment Co ltd
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Shandong Dongchen Energy Saving Power Equipment Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P13/00—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P13/06—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by tap-changing; by rearranging interconnections of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent capacity-regulating transformer, which belongs to the technical field of power transformation and comprises a main control module, a transformer and a load; the main control module is connected with a transformer capacity regulating module, a load monitoring module and a database; supplying power to a low-voltage side load of the transformer; the main control module monitors load current and voltage through the load monitoring module, calculates load real-time load power and stores the real-time load power into a database; the main control module calculates a load power trend according to each real-time load power in the database, judges whether the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted or not according to the real-time load power and the load power trend, and adjusts the capacity of the transformer through the transformer capacity adjusting module when the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted. When the load power consumption demand is large, the invention adopts the large capacity of the transformer to meet the power consumption demand, and when the load power consumption is small, the small capacity of the transformer is adopted to reduce the no-load of the transformer and improve the power consumption efficiency.

Description

Intelligent capacity-regulating transformer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power transformation, and particularly relates to an intelligent capacity regulating transformer.
Background
Along with the development of industry, the demand of electric energy is more and more big, and current generated energy can not satisfy the power consumption demand, except developing new forms of energy and increasing the generated energy, improves electric energy utilization ratio, is the important measure of solving the power consumption demand. When the capacity of the transformer is selected improperly, if the capacity of the transformer is selected too much and the actual load is too small, the transformer is lightly loaded, the power transformation efficiency is reduced, and the electric energy is wasted.
The transformer can be damaged by light load of the transformer, and economic loss is caused. In order to pursue energy utilization rate, the capacity of the transformer is selected to be too small, and the power consumption demand can not be met frequently, so that industrial production and resident life are influenced. How to reasonably select the capacity of the transformer, reduce the electric energy loss and ensure the power consumption requirement at the same time becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Therefore, it is very necessary to provide an intelligent capacitance-regulating transformer for overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent capacity-regulating transformer, aiming at the defects that in the prior art, the capacity of the transformer is too large to cause electric energy waste, and the capacity of the transformer is too small to influence the electricity utilization requirement.
The invention provides an intelligent capacity regulating transformer, which comprises a main control module, a transformer and a load, wherein the transformer is connected with the main control module;
the main control module is connected with a transformer capacity regulating module, a load monitoring module and a database;
the transformer low-voltage side load supplies power;
the main control module monitors load current and voltage through the load monitoring module, calculates load real-time load power and stores the real-time load power into a database;
the main control module calculates a load power trend according to each real-time load power in the database, judges whether the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted or not according to the real-time load power and the load power trend, and adjusts the capacity of the transformer through the transformer capacity adjusting module when the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted.
Further, the load monitoring module comprises a voltage monitoring unit and a current monitoring unit;
the voltage monitoring unit adopts a voltage transformer and is used for collecting the voltage of the low-voltage side of the transformer;
the current monitoring unit adopts a current transformer and is used for collecting the current of the low-voltage side of the transformer. The voltage transformer sampling coil is connected in parallel at the output voltage end of the load, and the current transformer sampling coil is sleeved in the load circuit.
Further, the main control module calculates real-time load power of the load according to the voltage collected by the voltage monitoring unit and the current collected by the current monitoring unit, and stores the real-time load power into a database;
the main control module analyzes and predicts the load power value of each sampling time point, generates predicted load power, judges whether the real-time load power and the predicted load power reach a switching threshold value, and adjusts the starting capacity of the transformer when the two values reach the switching threshold value. When the real-time load power reaches the switching threshold, it is also necessary to judge whether the predicted load power also reaches the switching threshold, so as to prevent erroneous judgment of voltage and current which suddenly change in the circuit, thereby performing erroneous operation of capacity adjustment.
Further, if the transformer is in a high-capacity state at present, the main control module judges whether the real-time load power reaches a low-capacity switching threshold value;
if not, continuing to monitor the real-time load power of the transformer;
if the current sampling time period reaches the preset value, the main control module counts the load power value change rate within the current set time period, and predicts the next sampling time point according to the load power change rate to generate predicted load power;
and if the real-time load power and the predicted load power are both smaller than the small-capacity switching threshold value, the main control module switches the transformer to a small-capacity state through the transformer capacity regulating module.
Further, if the transformer is in a low-capacity state at present, the main control module judges whether the real-time load power reaches a high-capacity switching threshold value;
if not, continuing to monitor the real-time load power of the transformer;
if the current sampling time period reaches the preset value, the main control module counts the load power value change rate within the current set time period, and predicts the next sampling time point according to the load power change rate to generate predicted load power;
and if the real-time load power and the predicted load power are both larger than the high-capacity switching threshold value, the main control module switches the transformer to a high-capacity state through the transformer capacity regulating module. The small-capacity switching threshold is smaller than the large-capacity switching threshold, and the difference value between the small-capacity switching threshold and the large-capacity switching threshold is larger than a set value, so that the transformer is prevented from entering an oscillation cycle of capacity switching, and the transformer cannot normally work.
Further, historical load power is also stored in the database;
the main control module analyzes the historical load power and counts the content switching time points in the historical time period;
the main control module is matched with the capacity switching time point to predict the load power. The historical load power stored in the database is a reference for capacity switching, for example, the power consumption of an air conditioner increases in summer every year, a transformer corresponding to summer adopts a high-capacity state, and for example, the power consumption peak of a household is at 18:00 hours in the evening every day, and the power consumption peak is switched to the high-capacity state of the transformer 18:00 hours in the day.
Further, the transformer includes a high-voltage side coil and a low-voltage side coil;
the high-voltage side coil comprises an A-phase high-voltage coil, a B-phase high-voltage coil and a C-phase high-voltage coil;
the first end of the A-phase high-voltage coil is connected with an A-phase voltage input terminal, the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil is connected with a B-phase voltage input terminal, and the first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil is connected with a C-phase voltage input terminal;
the A-phase voltage input terminal is connected with a first high-voltage side change-over switch, and the fixed end of the first high-voltage side change-over switch is connected with the A-phase voltage input terminal;
the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil is connected with a second high-voltage side change-over switch, and the fixed end of the second high-voltage side change-over switch is connected with the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil;
and the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil is connected with a third high-voltage side change-over switch, and the fixed end of the third high-voltage side change-over switch is connected with the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil.
Further, the low-voltage side coil comprises a first A-phase low-voltage coil, a second A-phase low-voltage coil, a third A-phase low-voltage coil, a first B-phase low-voltage coil, a second B-phase low-voltage coil, a third B-phase low-voltage coil, a first C-phase low-voltage coil, a second C-phase low-voltage coil and a third C-phase low-voltage coil;
the first end of the phase A first low-voltage coil is connected with the first end of the phase B first low-voltage coil and the first end of the phase C first low-voltage coil;
the second end of the A-phase first low-voltage coil is connected with the first end of the A-phase second low-voltage coil, and the second end of the A-phase first low-voltage coil is also connected with a low-voltage side A-phase first switch;
the fixed end of the first switch of the phase A at the low-voltage side is connected with the first end of the third low-voltage coil of the phase A;
the second end of the A-phase second low-voltage coil is connected with a low-voltage side A-phase second switch;
the fixed end of the second switch of the phase A at the low-voltage side is connected with the second end of the second low-voltage coil of the phase A;
the second end of the A-phase third low-voltage coil is connected with an A-phase voltage output terminal;
the second end of the B-phase first low-voltage coil is connected with the first end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil, and the second end of the B-phase first low-voltage coil is also connected with a low-voltage side B-phase first switch;
the low-voltage side B phase first switch fixing end is connected with a B phase third low-voltage coil first end;
the second end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil is connected with a low-voltage side B-phase second switch;
the fixed end of a second switch at the low-voltage side B phase is connected with the second end of a second low-voltage coil at the B phase;
the second end of the B-phase third low-voltage coil is connected with a B-phase voltage output terminal;
the second end of the C-phase first low-voltage coil is connected with the first end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil, and the second end of the C-phase first low-voltage coil is also connected with a low-voltage side C-phase first switch;
the low-voltage side C-phase first switch fixing end is connected with the C-phase third low-voltage coil first end;
the second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil is connected with a low-voltage side C-phase second switch;
the fixed end of the low-voltage side phase C second switch is connected with the second end of the phase C second low-voltage coil;
and the second end of the C-phase third low-voltage coil is connected with a C-phase voltage output terminal. The phase A high-voltage coil, the phase B high-voltage coil and the phase C high-voltage coil are controlled to be in triangular connection when the capacity is large, and are in star connection when the capacity is small, when the capacity of the transformer is controlled, the phase A second low-voltage coil and the phase A third low-voltage coil are connected in parallel and then are connected in series with the phase A first low-voltage coil, and the phase B is similar to the phase C low-voltage coil; and when the transformer has small capacity, the A-phase first low-voltage coil, the A-phase second low-voltage coil and the A-phase third low-voltage coil are connected in series, and the B-phase is similar to the C-phase low-voltage coil.
Further, the transformer capacity regulating module comprises a high-voltage side capacity regulating unit and a low-voltage side capacity regulating unit;
when the main control module judges that the transformer needs to be switched from a large-capacity state to a small-capacity state, the high-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module controls the movable end of the first high-voltage side change-over switch to be disconnected with the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil, controls the movable end of the second high-voltage side change-over switch to be switched from the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil to the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil, and controls the movable end of the third high-voltage side change-over switch to be switched from the first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil to the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil;
a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module controls the movable end of a first switch of a low-voltage side phase A to be switched from a first end of a second low-voltage coil of the phase A to a second end of a second low-voltage coil of the phase A, and controls the movable end of a second switch of the low-voltage side phase A to be disconnected from a second end of a third low-voltage coil of the phase A;
a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module controls the movable end of a low-voltage side B-phase first switch to be switched from a first end of a B-phase second low-voltage coil to a second end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil, and controls the movable end of a low-voltage side B-phase second switch to be disconnected from a second end of a B-phase third low-voltage coil;
and a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module controls the movable end of the low-voltage side C-phase first switch to be switched from the first end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil to the second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil, and controls the movable end of the low-voltage side C-phase second switch to be disconnected from the second end of the C-phase third low-voltage coil.
Further, when the main control module judges that the transformer needs to be switched from a large-capacity state to a small-capacity state, the high-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module controls the movable end of the first high-voltage side change-over switch to be closed with the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil, controls the movable end of the second high-voltage side change-over switch to be switched from the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil to the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil, and controls the movable end of the third high-voltage side change-over switch to be switched from the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil to the first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil;
a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module controls the movable end of a first switch of a low-voltage side phase A to be switched from the second end of a second low-voltage coil of the phase A to the first end of a second low-voltage coil of the phase A, and controls the movable end of the second switch of the low-voltage side phase A to be closed with the second end of a third low-voltage coil of the phase A;
a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module controls the movable end of a low-voltage side B-phase first switch to be switched from the second end of a B-phase second low-voltage coil to the first end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil, and controls the movable end of the low-voltage side B-phase second switch and the second end of a B-phase third low-voltage coil to be closed;
and a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module controls the movable end of the low-voltage side C-phase first switch to be switched from the second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil to the first end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil, and controls the movable end of the low-voltage side C-phase second switch and the second end of the C-phase third low-voltage coil to be closed.
Further, the high-side capacity adjustment unit includes a K1 control subunit, a K2 control subunit, and a K3 control subunit;
the low-pressure side capacity adjustment unit comprises a K11 control subunit, a K12 control subunit, a K21 control subunit, a K22 control subunit, a K31 control subunit and a K32 control subunit;
the K1 control subunit comprises a thyristor, a first triode, a first resistor and a second resistor;
the cathode of the thyristor is connected with a first terminal, the anode of the thyristor is connected with a second terminal, the control electrode of the thyristor is connected with a first resistor and the collector of a first triode, the other end of the first resistor is connected with a direct-current power supply, the emitter of the first triode is grounded, the base of the first triode is connected with a second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with a first input terminal;
the K2 control subunit comprises a first optocoupler, a second optocoupler, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a second triode and a first diode;
the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler respectively comprise a light-emitting anode, a light-emitting cathode, a photosensitive end and a photosensitive end;
the light-emitting cathode of the first optical coupler is connected with the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode is grounded, the light-emitting anode of the first optical coupler is connected with the third resistor and the light-emitting anode of the second optical coupler, the light-sensitive end of the first optical coupler is connected with the third terminal, the light-sensitive end of the first optical coupler is connected with the fifth terminal, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the direct-current power supply;
the light-emitting negative electrode of the second optocoupler is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode, one photosensitive end of the second optocoupler is connected with the third terminal, the two photosensitive ends of the second optocoupler are connected with the fourth terminal, the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the second input terminal, and the emitter electrode of the second triode is connected with the other end of the fifth resistor and grounded;
the first input terminal is connected with the main control module, the first terminal is connected with the first end of the A-phase high-voltage coil, and the second terminal is connected with the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil;
the second input terminal is connected with the main control module, the third terminal is connected with the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil, the fourth terminal is connected with the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil, and the fifth terminal is connected with the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil;
the K3 control subunit, the K11 control subunit, the K12 control subunit, the K21 control subunit, the K22 control subunit, the K31 control subunit, and the K32 control subunit are the same in structure as the K2 control subunit. When the first diode ensures that the main control module inputs a positive signal through the second input terminal, the second optical coupler is conducted, the first optical coupler is not conducted, and then the third terminal and the fifth terminal are disconnected and communicated.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
the intelligent capacity-regulating transformer provided by the invention realizes the capacity regulation of the transformer, meets the power consumption requirement by adopting the large capacity of the transformer when the power consumption requirement of the load is large, and reduces the no-load of the transformer and improves the power consumption efficiency by adopting the small capacity of the transformer when the power consumption of the load is small.
In addition, the invention has reliable design principle, simple structure and very wide application prospect.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has prominent substantive features and remarkable progress, and the beneficial effects of the implementation are also obvious.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the control of the intelligent capacity regulating transformer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the high-capacity state of the intelligent capacity regulating transformer of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a connection diagram of the small capacity state of the intelligent capacity regulating transformer of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the K1 control subunit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the K2 control subunit of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 — the main control module; 2-a transformer; 3-loading; 4-a transformer capacitance regulating module; 5-a load monitoring module; 6-a database; L1-A phase high voltage coil; L2-B phase high voltage coil; L3-C phase high voltage coil; A0-A phase voltage input terminal; B0-B phase voltage input terminal; a C0-C phase voltage input terminal; k1 — first high side diverter switch; k2 — second high side diverter switch; k3 — third high-side diverter switch; a 111-A phase first low voltage coil; 112-A phase second low-voltage coil; a 113-A phase third low-voltage coil; a 121-B phase first low voltage coil; a 122-B phase second low voltage coil; a 123-B phase third low-voltage coil; 131-C phase first low-voltage coil; a 132-C phase second low voltage coil; a 133-C phase third low voltage coil; k11-first switch of phase A of low pressure side; K12-Low Voltage side A phase second switch; a K13-A phase third low voltage coil; k21-first switch of low side phase B; k22-low side B phase second switch; K31-Low Voltage side phase C first switch; k32-low side C phase second switch; a0-A phase voltage output terminal; B0-B phase voltage output terminal; C0-C phase voltage output terminals; t1-thyristor; q1-first triode; q2-second transistor; r1 — first resistance; r2 — second resistance; r3 — third resistance; r4-fourth resistor; r5-fifth resistor; OC1 — first optocoupler; OC 2-second optocoupler; d1 — first diode; p1 — first terminal; p2 — second terminal; p3-third terminal; p4-fourth terminal; p5-fifth terminal; VCC-DC power supply; IN1 — first input terminal; IN 2-second input terminal.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an intelligent capacitance-regulating transformer, which includes a main control module 1, a transformer 2 and a load 3;
the main control module 1 is connected with a transformer capacity regulating module 4, a load monitoring module 5 and a database 6;
the transformer 2 supplies power to the low-voltage side load 3;
the main control module 1 monitors the current and the voltage of the load 3 through the load monitoring module 5, calculates the real-time load power of the load 3 and stores the real-time load power into the database 6;
the main control module 1 calculates a load power trend according to each real-time load power in the database 6, judges whether the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted according to the real-time load power and the load power trend, and adjusts the capacity of the transformer 2 through the transformer capacity adjusting module 4 when the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an intelligent capacitance-regulating transformer, which includes a main control module 1, a transformer 2 and a load 3;
the main control module 1 is connected with a transformer capacity regulating module 4, a load monitoring module 5 and a database 6;
the transformer 2 supplies power to the low-voltage side load 3;
the main control module 1 monitors the current and the voltage of the load 3 through the load monitoring module 5, calculates the real-time load power of the load 3 and stores the real-time load power into the database 6;
the main control module 1 calculates a load power trend according to each real-time load power in the database 6, judges whether the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted according to the real-time load power and the load power trend, and adjusts the capacity of the transformer 2 through the transformer capacity adjusting module 4 when the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted;
the load monitoring module 5 comprises a voltage monitoring unit and a current monitoring unit;
the voltage monitoring unit adopts a voltage transformer and is used for collecting the voltage of the low-voltage side of the transformer 2;
the current monitoring unit adopts a current transformer and is used for collecting the current of the low-voltage side of the transformer 2;
the main control module 1 calculates the real-time load power of the load 3 according to the voltage collected by the voltage monitoring unit and the current collected by the current monitoring unit, and stores the real-time load power into the database 6;
the main control module 1 analyzes and predicts the load power value of each sampling time point, generates predicted load power, judges whether the real-time load power and the predicted load power reach a switching threshold value, and starts capacity adjustment on the transformer 2 when the two values reach the switching threshold value;
if the transformer 2 is in a high-capacity state at present, the main control module 1 judges whether the real-time load power reaches a low-capacity switching threshold value;
if not, continuing to monitor the real-time load power of the transformer 2;
if the current sampling time period reaches the preset value, the main control module 1 counts the load power value change rate within the current set time period, and predicts the next sampling time point according to the load power change rate to generate predicted load power;
if the real-time load power and the predicted load power are both smaller than the small-capacity switching threshold, the main control module 1 switches the transformer 2 to a small-capacity state through the transformer capacity regulating module 4;
if the transformer 2 is in a low-capacity state at present, the main control module 1 judges whether the real-time load power reaches a high-capacity switching threshold value;
if not, continuing to monitor the real-time load power of the transformer 2;
if the current sampling time period reaches the preset value, the main control module 1 counts the load power value change rate within the current set time period, and predicts the next sampling time point according to the load power change rate to generate predicted load power;
if the real-time load power and the predicted load power are both larger than the high-capacity switching threshold value, the main control module 1 switches the transformer 2 to a high-capacity state through the transformer capacity regulating module 4;
the database 6 also stores historical load power;
the main control module 1 analyzes the historical load power and counts the content switching time points in the historical time period;
the main control module 1 predicts the load power together with the capacity switching time point.
In certain embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the transformer 2 includes a high side winding and a low side winding;
the high-voltage side coil comprises an A-phase high-voltage coil L1, a B-phase high-voltage coil L2 and a C-phase high-voltage coil L3;
a first end of the A-phase high-voltage coil L1 is connected with an A-phase voltage input terminal A0, a first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2 is connected with a B-phase voltage input terminal B0, and a first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil L3 is connected with a C-phase voltage input terminal C0;
a first high-voltage side change-over switch K1 is connected to an a-phase voltage input terminal a0, and the fixed end of the first high-voltage side change-over switch K1 is connected to an a-phase voltage input terminal a 0;
the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil L1 is connected with a second high-voltage side change-over switch K2, and the fixed end of the second high-voltage side change-over switch K2 is connected with the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil L1;
the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2 is connected with a third high-voltage side change-over switch K3, and the fixed end of the third high-voltage side change-over switch K3 is connected with the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2;
the low-voltage side coils include an a-phase first low-voltage coil 111, an a-phase second low-voltage coil 112, an a-phase third low-voltage coil 113, a B-phase first low-voltage coil 121, a B-phase second low-voltage coil 122, a B-phase third low-voltage coil 123, a C-phase first low-voltage coil 131, a C-phase second low-voltage coil 132, and a C-phase third low-voltage coil 133;
the first end of the phase A first low-voltage coil 111 is connected with the first end of the phase B first low-voltage coil 121 and the first end of the phase C first low-voltage coil 131;
the second end of the phase a first low-voltage coil 111 is connected with the first end of the phase a second low-voltage coil 112, and the second end of the phase a first low-voltage coil 111 is further connected with a low-voltage side phase a first switch K11;
the fixed end of a low-voltage side phase A first switch K11 is connected with the first end of a phase A third low-voltage coil 113;
a second end of the a-phase second low-voltage coil 112 is connected to a low-voltage side a-phase second switch K12;
the fixed end of a low-voltage side phase A second switch K12 is connected with the second end of a phase A second low-voltage coil 112;
a second end of the a-phase third low-voltage coil 113 is connected to an a-phase voltage output terminal a 0;
the second end of the phase B first low-voltage coil 121 is connected to the first end of the phase B second low-voltage coil 122, and the second end of the phase B first low-voltage coil 121 is further connected to a low-voltage side phase B first switch K21;
the fixed end of a low-voltage side B-phase first switch K21 is connected with the first end of a B-phase third low-voltage coil 123;
a second end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil 122 is connected with a low-voltage side B-phase second switch K22;
the fixed end of a low-voltage side B-phase second switch K22 is connected with the second end of a B-phase second low-voltage coil 122;
a second end of the B-phase third low-voltage coil 123 is connected to a B-phase voltage output terminal B0;
the second end of the C-phase first low-voltage coil 131 is connected with the first end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil 132, and the second end of the C-phase first low-voltage coil 131 is further connected with a low-voltage side C-phase first switch K31;
the fixed end of a low-voltage side C-phase first switch K31 is connected with the first end of a C-phase third low-voltage coil 133;
a second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil 132 is connected with a low-voltage side C-phase second switch K32;
the fixed end of a low-voltage side C-phase second switch K32 is connected with the second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil 132;
a second end of the C-phase third low-voltage coil 133 is connected to a C-phase voltage output terminal C0;
the transformer capacity regulating module 4 comprises a high-voltage side capacity regulating unit and a low-voltage side capacity regulating unit;
when the main control module 1 determines that the transformer 2 needs to be switched from the high-capacity state to the low-capacity state, the high-voltage side capacity adjustment unit of the transformer capacity adjustment module 4 controls the movable end of the first high-voltage side switch K1 to be disconnected from the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil L3, controls the movable end of the second high-voltage side switch K2 to be switched from the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2 to the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2, and controls the movable end of the third high-voltage side switch K3 to be switched from the first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil L3 to the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil L3;
the low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module 4 controls the active end of the low-voltage side a-phase first switch K11 to switch from the first end of the a-phase second low-voltage coil 112 to the second end of the a-phase second low-voltage coil 112, and controls the active end of the low-voltage side a-phase second switch K12 to be disconnected from the second end of the a-phase third low-voltage coil 113;
the low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module 4 controls the active end of the low-voltage side B-phase first switch K21 to switch from the first end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil 122 to the second end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil 122, and controls the active end of the low-voltage side B-phase second switch K22 to be disconnected from the second end of the B-phase third low-voltage coil 123;
the low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module 4 controls the active end of the low-voltage side C-phase first switch K31 to be switched from the first end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil 132 to the second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil 132, and controls the active end of the low-voltage side C-phase second switch K32 to be disconnected from the second end of the C-phase third low-voltage coil 133;
when the main control module 1 determines that the transformer 2 needs to be switched from the high-capacity state to the low-capacity state, the high-voltage side capacity adjustment unit of the transformer capacity adjustment module 4 controls the movable end of the first high-voltage side switch K1 and the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil L3 to be closed, controls the movable end of the second high-voltage side switch K2 to be switched from the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2 to the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2, and controls the movable end of the third high-voltage side switch K3 to be switched from the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil L3 to the first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil L3;
the low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module 4 controls the active end of the first switch K11 on the low-voltage side a phase to be switched from the second end of the second low-voltage coil 112 on the a phase to the first end of the second low-voltage coil 112 on the a phase, and controls the active end of the second switch K12 on the low-voltage side a phase to be closed with the second end of the third low-voltage coil 113 on the a phase;
the low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module 4 controls the active end of the low-voltage side B-phase first switch K21 to switch from the second end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil 122 to the first end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil 122, and controls the active end of the low-voltage side B-phase second switch K22 and the second end of the B-phase third low-voltage coil 123 to be closed;
the low-voltage side capacity adjustment unit of the transformer capacity adjustment module 4 controls the active end of the low-voltage side C-phase first switch K31 to switch from the second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil 132 to the first end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil 132, and controls the active end of the low-voltage side C-phase second switch K32 and the second end of the C-phase third low-voltage coil 133 to be closed.
In certain embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the high side capacity adjustment unit includes a K1 control subunit, a K2 control subunit, and a K3 control subunit;
the low-pressure side capacity adjustment unit comprises a K11 control subunit, a K12 control subunit, a K21 control subunit, a K22 control subunit, a K31 control subunit and a K32 control subunit;
the K1 control subunit comprises a thyristor T1, a first triode Q1, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2;
the cathode of the thyristor T1 is connected with a first terminal P1, the anode of the thyristor T1 is connected with a second terminal P2, the control electrode of the thyristor T1 is connected with a first resistor R1 and the collector of a first triode Q1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a direct current power supply VCC, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is grounded, the base of the first triode Q1 is connected with a second resistor R2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with a first input terminal IN 1;
the K2 control subunit comprises a first optical coupler OC1, a second optical coupler OC2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a second triode Q2 and a first diode D1;
the first optical coupler OC1 and the second optical coupler OC2 respectively comprise a light-emitting positive electrode, a light-emitting negative electrode, a photosensitive one end and a photosensitive two end;
a light-emitting cathode of the first optical coupler OC1 is connected with an anode of the first diode D1, a cathode of the first diode D1 is grounded, a light-emitting anode of the first optical coupler OC1 is connected with a light-emitting anode of the third resistor R3 and the second optical coupler OC2, a light-sensitive end of the first optical coupler 0C1 is connected with a third terminal P3, a light-sensitive end of the first optical coupler OC1 is connected with a fifth terminal P5, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a direct-current power supply VCC;
a light-emitting negative electrode of the second optocoupler OC2 is connected with a collector of a second triode Q2, a photosensitive end of the second optocoupler OC2 is connected with a third terminal P3, a photosensitive end of the second optocoupler OC2 is connected with a fourth terminal P4, a base of the second triode Q2 is connected with a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with a second input terminal IN2, and an emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected with the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and grounded;
a first input terminal IN1 is connected to the main control module 1, a first terminal P1 is connected to a first end of an a-phase high-voltage coil L1, and a second terminal P2 is connected to a second end of an a-phase high-voltage coil L2;
the second input terminal IN2 is connected with the main control module 1, the third terminal P3 is connected with the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil L1, the fourth terminal P4 is connected with the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2, and the fifth terminal P5 is connected with the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil L2;
the K3 control subunit, the K11 control subunit, the K12 control subunit, the K21 control subunit, the K22 control subunit, the K31 control subunit and the K32 control subunit have the same structure as the K2 control subunit, and are all single-pole double-throw switches.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the drawings in connection with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. An intelligent capacity-regulating transformer is characterized by comprising a main control module (1), a transformer (2) and a load (3);
the main control module (1) is connected with a transformer capacity regulating module (4), a load monitoring module (5) and a database (6);
the transformer (2) supplies power to the low-voltage side load (3);
the main control module (1) monitors the current and the voltage of the load (3) through the load monitoring module (5), calculates the real-time load power of the load (3), and stores the real-time load power into the database (6);
the main control module (1) calculates a load power trend according to each real-time load power in the database (6), judges whether the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted or not according to the real-time load power and the load power trend, and adjusts the capacity of the transformer (2) through the transformer capacity adjusting module (4) when the capacity of the transformer needs to be adjusted;
the load monitoring module (5) comprises a voltage monitoring unit and a current monitoring unit;
the voltage monitoring unit adopts a voltage transformer and is used for collecting the voltage of the low-voltage side of the transformer (2);
the current monitoring unit adopts a current transformer and is used for collecting the current of the low-voltage side of the transformer (2);
the main control module (1) calculates the real-time load power of the load (3) according to the voltage collected by the voltage monitoring unit and the current collected by the current monitoring unit, and stores the real-time load power into the database (6);
the main control module (1) analyzes and predicts the load power value of each sampling time point, generates predicted load power, judges whether the real-time load power and the predicted load power reach a switching threshold value, and starts capacity adjustment on the transformer (2) when the two values reach the switching threshold value.
2. The intelligent capacity-regulating transformer according to claim 1, wherein if the transformer (2) is currently in a high-capacity state, the main control module (1) judges whether the real-time load power reaches a low-capacity switching threshold value;
if not, continuously monitoring the real-time load power of the transformer (2);
if the load power reaches the preset value, the main control module (1) counts the load power value change rate within the current set time period, and predicts the next sampling time point according to the load power change rate to generate predicted load power;
if the real-time load power and the predicted load power are both smaller than the small-capacity switching threshold value, the main control module (1) switches the transformer (2) to a small-capacity state through the transformer capacity regulating module (4).
3. The intelligent capacity-regulating transformer according to claim 2, wherein if the transformer (2) is currently in a low-capacity state, the main control module (1) judges whether the real-time load power reaches a high-capacity switching threshold value;
if not, continuing to monitor the real-time load power of the transformer (2);
if the current load power value reaches the preset value, the main control module (1) counts the load power value change rate within the current set time period, and predicts the next sampling time point according to the load power change rate to generate predicted load power;
if the real-time load power and the predicted load power are both larger than the high-capacity switching threshold value, the main control module (1) switches the transformer (2) to a high-capacity state through the transformer capacity regulating module (4).
4. The intelligent capacity regulating transformer according to claim 1, wherein the transformer (2) comprises a high-side coil and a low-side coil;
the high-voltage side coil comprises an A-phase high-voltage coil (L1), a B-phase high-voltage coil (L2) and a C-phase high-voltage coil (L3);
a first end of the A-phase high-voltage coil (L1) is connected with an A-phase voltage input terminal (A0), a first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil (L2) is connected with a B-phase voltage input terminal (B0), and a first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil (L3) is connected with a C-phase voltage input terminal (C0);
a first high-voltage side change-over switch (K1) is connected to the A-phase voltage input terminal (A0), and the fixed end of the first high-voltage side change-over switch (K1) is connected to the A-phase voltage input terminal (A0);
the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil (L1) is connected with a second high-voltage side change-over switch (K2), and the fixed end of the second high-voltage side change-over switch (K2) is connected with the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil (L1);
the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil (L2) is connected with a third high-voltage side change-over switch (K3), and the fixed end of the third high-voltage side change-over switch (K3) is connected with the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil (L2).
5. The intelligent capacitance-regulating transformer according to claim 4, wherein the low-voltage side coils comprise an A-phase first low-voltage coil (111), an A-phase second low-voltage coil (112), an A-phase third low-voltage coil (113), a B-phase first low-voltage coil (121), a B-phase second low-voltage coil (122), a B-phase third low-voltage coil (123), a C-phase first low-voltage coil (131), a C-phase second low-voltage coil (132), and a C-phase third low-voltage coil (133);
the first end of the A-phase first low-voltage coil (111) is connected with the first end of the B-phase first low-voltage coil (121) and the first end of the C-phase first low-voltage coil (131);
the second end of the A-phase first low-voltage coil (111) is connected with the first end of the A-phase second low-voltage coil (112), and the second end of the A-phase first low-voltage coil (111) is also connected with a low-voltage side A-phase first switch (K11);
the fixed end of a first switch (K11) of the phase A at the low-voltage side is connected with the first end of a third low-voltage coil (113) of the phase A;
a second end of the A-phase second low-voltage coil (112) is connected with a low-voltage side A-phase second switch (K12);
the fixed end of a low-voltage side phase A second switch (K12) is connected with the second end of a phase A second low-voltage coil (112);
a second end of the A-phase third low-voltage coil (113) is connected with an A-phase voltage output terminal (a 0);
the second end of the B-phase first low-voltage coil (121) is connected with the first end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil (122), and the second end of the B-phase first low-voltage coil (121) is also connected with a low-voltage side B-phase first switch (K21);
the fixed end of a first switch (K21) of a phase B at the low-voltage side is connected with the first end of a third low-voltage coil (123) of the phase B;
a second end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil (122) is connected with a low-voltage side B-phase second switch (K22);
the fixed end of a second switch (K22) of the phase B at the low-voltage side is connected with the second end of a second low-voltage coil (122) of the phase B;
a second end of the B-phase third low-voltage coil (123) is connected with a B-phase voltage output terminal (B0);
the second end of the C-phase first low-voltage coil (131) is connected with the first end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil (132), and the second end of the C-phase first low-voltage coil (131) is also connected with a low-voltage side C-phase first switch (K31);
the fixed end of a low-voltage side C-phase first switch (K31) is connected with the first end of a C-phase third low-voltage coil (133);
a second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil (132) is connected with a low-voltage side C-phase second switch (K32);
the fixed end of a low-voltage side C-phase second switch (K32) is connected with the second end of a C-phase second low-voltage coil (132);
the second end of the C-phase third low-voltage coil (133) is connected with a C-phase voltage output terminal (C0).
6. The intelligent capacity-regulating transformer of claim 5, wherein the transformer capacity-regulating module (4) comprises a high-side capacity regulating unit and a low-side capacity regulating unit;
when the main control module (1) judges that the transformer (2) needs to be switched from a large-capacity state to a small-capacity state, a high-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module (4) controls the movable end of a first high-voltage side change-over switch (K1) to be disconnected with a second end of a C-phase high-voltage coil (L3), controls the movable end of a second high-voltage side change-over switch (K2) to be switched from a first end of a B-phase high-voltage coil (L2) to a second end of a B-phase high-voltage coil (L2), and controls the movable end of a third high-voltage side change-over switch (K3) to be switched from a first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil (L3) to a second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil (L3);
a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module (4) controls the movable end of a first switch (K11) of a low-voltage side A phase to be switched from the first end of a second low-voltage coil (112) of the A phase to the second end of the second low-voltage coil (112) of the A phase, and controls the movable end of a second switch (K12) of the low-voltage side A phase to be disconnected from the second end of a third low-voltage coil (113) of the A phase;
a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module (4) controls the movable end of a low-voltage side B-phase first switch (K21) to be switched from the first end of a B-phase second low-voltage coil (122) to the second end of the B-phase second low-voltage coil (122), and controls the movable end of a low-voltage side B-phase second switch (K22) to be disconnected from the second end of a B-phase third low-voltage coil (123);
the low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module (4) controls the movable end of a low-voltage side C-phase first switch (K31) to be switched from the first end of a C-phase second low-voltage coil (132) to the second end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil (132), and controls the movable end of a low-voltage side C-phase second switch (K32) to be disconnected from the second end of a C-phase third low-voltage coil (133).
7. The intelligent capacitance-regulating transformer according to claim 6, wherein when the main control module (1) judges that the transformer (2) needs to be switched from the large-capacity state to the small-capacity state, the high-voltage side capacity adjustment unit of the transformer capacitance-regulating module (4) controls the movable end of the first high-voltage side switch (K1) to be closed with the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil (L3), controls the movable end of the second high-voltage side switch (K2) to be switched from the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil (L2) to the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil (L2), and controls the movable end of the third high-voltage side switch (K3) to be switched from the second end of the C-phase high-voltage coil (L3) to the first end of the C-phase high-voltage coil (L3);
a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module (4) controls the movable end of a first switch (K11) of a low-voltage side A phase to be switched from the second end of a second low-voltage coil (112) of the A phase to the first end of a second low-voltage coil (112) of the A phase, and controls the movable end of the second switch (K12) of the low-voltage side A phase and the second end of a third low-voltage coil (113) of the A phase to be closed;
a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module (4) controls the movable end of a first switch (K21) of a low-voltage side B phase to be switched from the second end of a second low-voltage coil (122) of the B phase to the first end of the second low-voltage coil (122) of the B phase, and controls the movable end of the second switch (K22) of the low-voltage side B phase and the second end of a third low-voltage coil (123) of the B phase to be closed;
and a low-voltage side capacity adjusting unit of the transformer capacity adjusting module (4) controls the movable end of a low-voltage side C-phase first switch (K31) to be switched from the second end of a C-phase second low-voltage coil (132) to the first end of the C-phase second low-voltage coil (132), and controls the movable end of a low-voltage side C-phase second switch (K32) and the second end of a C-phase third low-voltage coil (133) to be closed.
8. The intelligent capacitance-regulating transformer according to claim 7, wherein the high-side capacity regulating unit comprises a K1 control subunit, a K2 control subunit and a K3 control subunit;
the low-pressure side capacity adjustment unit comprises a K11 control subunit, a K12 control subunit, a K21 control subunit, a K22 control subunit, a K31 control subunit and a K32 control subunit;
the K1 control subunit comprises a thyristor (T1), a first triode (Q1), a first resistor (R1) and a second resistor (R2);
the cathode of the thyristor (T1) is connected with a first terminal (P1), the anode of the thyristor (T1) is connected with a second terminal (P2), the control electrode of the thyristor (T1) is connected with a first resistor (R1) and the collector of a first triode (Q1), the other end of the first resistor (R1) is connected with a direct current power supply (VCC), the emitter of the first triode (Q1) is grounded, the base of the first triode (Q1) is connected with a second resistor (R2), and the other end of the second resistor (R2) is connected with a first input terminal (IN 1);
the K2 control subunit comprises a first optical coupler (OC 1), a second optical coupler (OC 2), a third resistor (R3), a fourth resistor (R4), a fifth resistor (R5), a second triode (Q2) and a first diode (D1);
the first optical coupler (OC 1) and the second optical coupler (OC 2) comprise a light-emitting positive electrode, a light-emitting negative electrode, a photosensitive one end and a photosensitive two end;
the light-emitting cathode of the first optical coupler (OC 1) is connected with the anode of the first diode (D1), the cathode of the first diode (D1) is grounded, the light-emitting anode of the first optical coupler (OC 1) is connected with the light-emitting anodes of the third resistor (R3) and the second optical coupler (OC 2), the light-sensitive end of the first optical coupler (0C 1) is connected with a third terminal (P3), the light-sensitive end of the first optical coupler (OC 1) is connected with a fifth terminal (P5), and the other end of the third resistor (R3) is connected with a direct-current power supply (VCC);
the light-emitting negative electrode of the second optocoupler (OC 2) is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode (Q2), the photosensitive end of the second optocoupler (OC 2) is connected with the third terminal (P3), the photosensitive two ends of the second optocoupler (OC 2) are connected with the fourth terminal (P4), the base electrode of the second triode (Q2) is connected with the fourth resistor (R4) and the fifth resistor (R5), the other end of the fourth resistor (R4) is connected with the second input terminal (IN 2), and the emitter electrode of the second triode (Q2) is connected with the other end of the fifth resistor (R5) and grounded;
a first input terminal (IN 1) is connected with the main control module (1), a first terminal (P1) is connected with a first end of an A-phase high-voltage coil (L1), and a second terminal (P2) is connected with a second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil (L2);
the second input terminal (IN 2) is connected with the main control module (1), the third terminal (P3) is connected with the second end of the A-phase high-voltage coil (L1), the fourth terminal (P4) is connected with the first end of the B-phase high-voltage coil (L2), and the fifth terminal (P5) is connected with the second end of the B-phase high-voltage coil (L2);
the K3 control subunit, the K11 control subunit, the K12 control subunit, the K21 control subunit, the K22 control subunit, the K31 control subunit, and the K32 control subunit are the same in structure as the K2 control subunit.
CN202210611531.9A 2022-06-01 2022-06-01 Intelligent capacity-regulating transformer Active CN114696693B (en)

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