CN114692467A - Intelligent rapid cable adjusting method for reasonable bridge forming state of three-tower cable-stayed bridge - Google Patents
Intelligent rapid cable adjusting method for reasonable bridge forming state of three-tower cable-stayed bridge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An intelligent and rapid cable adjusting method for a reasonable bridge forming state of a three-tower cable-stayed bridge relates to a cable adjusting method for a cable-stayed bridge in a bridge forming state. Establishing a finite element model, calculating the internal force of the cross section by taking the unit force of all stay cable forces as 1, taking bending moment as a main control factor, substituting the structural bending moment into an objective function to obtain a standing value equation, making the initial tension of the stay cable be 0, adjusting the rigidity of the main beam and the cable towers to obtain the cable force 1 meeting the standing value equation, assigning the cable force with a negative value to obtain the cable force 2, substituting the cable force into the finite element model before adjusting the rigidity, limiting the displacement of the main beam and the cable towers at two sides to obtain the cable force 3, carrying out cable force fine adjustment to obtain the cable force 4, checking whether the main cross section stress is reasonable under the most unfavorable combination effect of load, and carrying out fine adjustment again if not reasonable until finally obtaining the reasonable cable force 5. The method can be well applied to the problem of optimizing the cable force of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, and can quickly obtain a group of optimized cable force in the bridge-forming cable force adjusting stage, so that the structural stress is more reasonable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cable adjusting method for a cable-stayed bridge in a bridge forming state, in particular to an intelligent and rapid cable adjusting method for a three-tower cable-stayed bridge in a reasonable bridge forming state, and belongs to the technical field of cable-stayed bridge construction.
Background
The large-span cable-stayed bridge is used as the throat of a traffic line and plays an increasingly important role in the road construction process. The cable-stayed bridge is a combined system bridge consisting of a main beam, a cable tower and a stay cable, and has the main stress characteristics that: the main beam is hoisted at multiple points by the stay cables, so that the constant load and the live load are transmitted to the cable tower and then transmitted to the foundation through the cable tower. In recent years, with the urgent need of river-crossing and sea-crossing traffic construction and the increase of the single-hole span of a bridge, the conventional double-tower cable-stayed bridge no longer meets the requirements of related stress and bridge span arrangement, and the increase of the number of towers and the span of the cable-stayed bridge becomes an effective solution on the premise that the single-span is limited. Therefore, the three-tower cable-stayed bridge is a new development trend of the cable-stayed bridge due to the fact that the three-tower cable-stayed bridge can adapt to the construction conditions of multi-line navigation.
The cable-stayed bridge is a high-order statically indeterminate structure, the stay cable is a main bearing and force transmission component, and the stress of the main beam and the cable tower is sensitive to the cable force, so that the determination of the stay cable force is in the core position in the determination of the reasonable bridging state of the cable-stayed bridge, and meanwhile, the size of the stay cable force has direct influence on the bridge engineering cost. Because the cable force of the stayed cable has adjustability, for any cable-stayed bridge structural system, under the determined load condition, the group of cable forces is always tried to be found, so that one or more indexes reflecting the structural performance of the structural system are optimized. For a common reasonable bridging state cable force optimization method of a double-tower cable-stayed bridge or a single-tower cable-stayed bridge, related scholars at home and abroad obtain certain research results.
However, compared with conventional double-tower and single-tower cable-stayed bridges, the three-tower cable-stayed bridge has a significant difference in mechanical behavior in addition to the difference in appearance. For a three-tower cable-stayed bridge, when load acts on one midspan, a loaded midspan main beam generates downwarping, an adjacent bridge tower deflects to a loaded hole, the adjacent midspan deflects upwards, and the bridge tower on the other side generates displacement opposite to that of the loaded hole bridge tower. Because no side anchor cable is used for controlling the displacement of the middle tower, the function of the inhaul cable system is difficult to be fully exerted. When a load is applied to adjacent holes, the loaded holes will deflect downwards, and the pylon will deform in the opposite direction to the former case, which still results in excessive deformation of the entire structure, meaning that each member of the structure is subjected to two internal forces in opposite directions, resulting in a higher stress amplitude in the member. Therefore, the existing method for adjusting the cable force of the reasonable bridging state of the double-tower and single-tower cable-stayed bridge cannot be well applied to the structural system of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, the phenomenon that the local cable force is extremely unreasonable often occurs, the bending internal force of the tower is difficult to be considered, the structural stress is optimized through the adjustment of the cable force of the reasonable bridging state, the overall rigidity of the structure is improved, and the method is a key technical problem to be solved urgently in the structural design of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent quick cable adjusting method for a reasonable bridge-forming state of a three-tower cable-stayed bridge, which can be well applied to the problem of optimizing the cable force of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, and can quickly obtain a group of optimized cable force in the bridge-forming cable force adjusting stage, so that the structural stress is more reasonable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a reasonable bridge-forming state intelligent rapid cable adjusting method for a three-tower cable-stayed bridge comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the size combination structure requirement of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, establishing a finite element model of a space rod system, wherein the cable force of all the cables under the condition of being set into a bridge is as follows:
wherein x isiFor each cable, i is 1,2,3, …, n;
step two: let all stay cables force { xi}n×1={1}n×1I.e. xi1, the bending moment generated by the structure under the action of the unit force of the ith guy rope of 1 isAxial force ofShear force isThe bending moment, the axial force and the shearing force of the structure generated under the action of the cable force of all the inhaul cables and the secondary load are respectively as follows:
wherein M ispBending moment, N, generated under secondary load as a basic systempAxial force, Q, generated under secondary load as a basic systempN is the number of the stay ropes in order to generate shearing force under the second stage load of the basic system,
the energy that girder and cable tower accumulated at this moment is respectively:
Wherein E is elastic modulus, I is bending resistance inertia distance, A is section area, G is shear modulus, and k is shear stress non-uniformity coefficient;
step three: establishing an objective function:
W=Ug+φUt
the shearing force and the axial force are not considered by taking the bending moment as a main control factor, and the objective function can be simplified as follows:
wherein W is the total energy cost consumed by the structure, and phi is the ratio of the energy cost of the cable tower to the energy cost of the main beam;
step four: substituting the bending moment of the structure into the objective function:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
δii,δij,Δipan intermediate variable related to the structural stiffness, xjThe cable force corresponding to the jth cable, j is 1,2,3, …, n and j is not equal to i, and the bending moment generated by the structure under the action of the jth cable with the unit force of 1 is
Step five: internal force capture value:
obtaining a standing value equation:
Adjusting the rigidity of the main beam and the cable tower to make the section bending moment of inertia IyyThe size of the composite material is reduced,then, calculating the internal force of the structure under static load to obtain the cable force
If cable forceIf the equation of the standing value is satisfied, the seventh step is carried out, if the equation of the standing value is not satisfied, the I is adjustedyyBy a reduced factor up to the cable forceThe standing value equation is satisfied;
step seven: according to a group of cable forces meeting the standing value equation obtained by solvingAccording to the principle of rationality of the cable force, the negative cable force is assigned according to the adjacent cable force value to obtain the cable force
Step eight: will cable forceSubstituting into a finite element model before adjusting the rigidity, and limiting the value range of the vertical displacement u of the intersection position of the main beam and the inhaul cable in the bridge stage:
level limiting the crossing position of the cable tower and the stay cable at two sidesThe displacement is within the range of +/-10 mm, and a group of cable forces are obtained through calculation
Step nine: cable force fine adjustment is carried out according to a bending moment diagram of the main beam and the cable tower, and except for the cable force allowed by a pair of cables at the middle of each cable tower and three pairs of cables at the edges of two sides to have sudden change, the other cables meet the principle that the cable force gradually increases from a short cable to a long cable, and the cable force is obtained
Step ten: checking whether the most unfavorable combination of loads and the stress of the main section under the action of live load are reasonable, if not, returning to the step nine for fine adjustment again until the reasonable cable force in the bridge forming stage is finally obtained
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problem that the existing reasonable bridge-forming state cable force adjusting method for a double-tower cable-stayed bridge and a single-tower cable-stayed bridge cannot be well applied to the cable force optimization of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, provides a reasonable bridge-forming state intelligent quick cable force adjusting method aiming at the special stress mode of a complex structure system of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, does not need complex function calculation, can quickly obtain a group of optimized cable forces in the bridge-forming cable force adjusting stage, and enables the stress of the complex structure of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge to be more reasonable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a finite element model of a three-tower cable-stayed bridge constructed in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a drawing of an embodimentThe cable force diagram of (1), which draws half of the stay cables;
FIG. 4 is a drawing of an embodimentThe cable force diagram of (1), which draws half of the stay cables;
FIG. 5 is a drawing of an embodimentThe cable force diagram of (1), which draws half of the stay cables;
FIG. 6 is a drawing of an embodimentA cable force diagram of (1) in which all the stay cables are drawn;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the full-bridge bending moment after the final optimization of the cable force.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an intelligent fast cable adjusting method for a reasonable bridging state of a three-tower cable-stayed bridge comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the size of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, a space rod system finite element model is established corresponding to the construction requirement, and the cable force of all the cables under the bridge setting state is as follows:
wherein x isiFor each cable, i is 1,2,3, …, n;
step two: let all stay cables force { xi}n×1={1}n×1I.e. xi1, the bending moment generated by the structure under the action of the unit force of the ith guy rope being 1 isAxial force ofShear force isThe bending moment, the axial force and the shearing force of the structure generated under the action of the cable force of all the inhaul cables and the secondary load are respectively as follows:
wherein M ispBending moment, N, generated under secondary load as a basic systempAxial force, Q, generated under secondary load as a basic systempN is the number of the stay ropes in order to generate shearing force under the second stage load of the basic system,
because the cable-stayed bridge belongs to a beam type rod piece structure, the energy accumulated by the main beam and the cable tower at the moment is respectively:
Wherein E is elastic modulus, I is bending resistance inertia distance, A is section area, G is shear modulus, and k is shear stress non-uniformity coefficient;
step three: starting from the economic indexes of the structure, an objective function is established:
W=Ug+φUt
because the potential energy caused by the axial force and the shearing force is small and can be ignored, the shearing force and the axial force are not considered by taking the bending moment as a main control factor, and the objective function can be simplified as follows:
wherein W is the total energy cost consumed by the structure, and phi is the ratio of the energy cost of the cable tower to the energy cost of the main beam;
step four: substituting the bending moment of the structure into the objective function:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
δii,δij,Δipan intermediate variable related to the structural stiffness, xjThe cable force corresponding to the jth cable, j is 1,2,3, …, n and j is not equal to i, and the bending moment generated by the structure under the action of the jth cable with the unit force of 1 is
Step five: in order to minimize the total energy cost of the structure, i.e. the total cost, a suitable cable force x is selectediInternal force capture value:
the standing value equation can be derived:
Adjusting the rigidity of the main beam and the cable tower to make the section bending moment of inertia IyyReduction by 5X 10mMultiplying (the value of m is recommended to be 5-7), and then calculating the structure static load internal force to obtain the cable force
If cable forceIf the standing value equation is satisfied, the seventh step is carried out, and if the standing value equation is not satisfied, the value of m is adjusted until the cable force is reachedThe standing value equation is satisfied;
step seven: according to a group of cable forces which are obtained by solving and satisfy a standing value equationAccording to the principle of rationality of the cable force, the negative cable force is assigned according to the adjacent cable force value to obtain the cable force
Step eight: will cable forceSubstituting into a finite element model before adjusting the rigidity, and limiting into the value range of the vertical displacement u of the intersection position of the main beam and the stay cable in the bridge stage:
limiting the horizontal displacement of the intersecting positions of the cable towers and the inhaul cables at two sides to be +/-10 mm, and calculating to obtain a group of cable forces
Step nine: according to the bending moment diagram of the main beam and the cable tower, cable force is finely adjusted through cable control, and each cable tower is removedThe cable force is allowed to have sudden change by the pair of the cables at the middle and the three pairs of the cables at the edges at the two sides, so that the rest cables meet the principle that the cable force gradually increases from the short cable to the long cable, and the cable force is obtained
Step ten: checking whether the most unfavorable combination of loads and the stress of the main section under the action of live load are reasonable, if not, returning to the step nine for fine adjustment again until the reasonable cable force in the bridge forming stage is finally obtained
Examples
The intelligent quick cable adjusting method for the reasonable bridging state of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, provided by the invention, provides great convenience for designers to quickly and accurately determine the bridging cable force of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, and the whole process is clearly and completely described by combining the technical scheme of the invention with the embodiment. In this embodiment, according to the five-bridge in the Changjiang river of Nanjing, the bridge span is arranged as 80+218+600+600+218+80 ═ 1796m, and a longitudinal diamond type cable-tower central double-cable-surface three-tower combination beam cable-stayed bridge is adopted.
Referring to fig. 2, a finite element model of a three-tower cable-stayed bridge is established according to a drawing, wherein a girder and a cable tower are simulated by using girder units, a stay cable is simulated by using truss units, the number of the stay cables is 120 pairs in total, the number rule of the stay cables is that the stay cables are numbered from the side-span side diagonal stay cables of the side tower and are marked as a 1-a 20, the number of the mid-span side diagonal stay cables is marked as B1-B20, the number of the stay cables on the middle tower is marked as C1-C20, the cable force of all the stay cables is 0, and the full bridge is established by using 718 units and 856 nodes.
After repeated trial and errorCalculating, relating the main beam and the cable tower to each otheryyReduction by 5X 106Solving the times to obtain the cable forceAssigning the negative cable force reference to the adjacent cable force value to obtain the cable forceReferring to fig. 3, the stay cable diagram only draws half of the stay cables according to the symmetry of the bridge structure.
Substituting the set of cable force into a parking value equation
The result of the equation set obtained by calculation is 0, and the requirement of reasonable cable force is met.
In the finite element model, the displacement of the intersection position of the main beam and the stay cable is controlled within +/-5 mm according to the bridge length, and the displacement of the intersection position of the cable towers and the stay cables on the two sides is restrained within +/-10 mm to obtain cable forceThe cable diagram is shown with reference to fig. 4, where the stay cables are drawn with only half of the stay cables as well.
Fine adjustment is carried out on the cable force according to the principle to obtain the cable forceThe cable force satisfies the conditions that the cable force of a short cable is small, the cable force of a long cable is large, the trend of increasing is presented, but the cable force is allowed to have sudden change for the pair of cables at the middle of each cable tower and the three pairs of cables at the edges of two sides, and finally the three pairs of cables are substituted into the worst load combination checking calculation to obtain the reasonable bridge-forming cable forceThe force diagram is shown in fig. 5-6, wherein fig. 5 only draws half of the stay cable, fig. 6 shows the whole stay cable, and the full-bridge bending moment is presentReferring to fig. 7, it can be seen that the fluctuation of the bending moment of the whole beam is small, the peak value is relatively small, the cable force distribution is uniform, the bending moment of the tower bottom of the cable tower is proper, and the final cable force is properIn order to reasonably generate bridge cable force.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. A three-tower cable-stayed bridge intelligent rapid cable adjusting method in a reasonable bridge forming state is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the size combination structure requirement of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge, establishing a finite element model of a space rod system, wherein the cable force of all the cables under the condition of being set into a bridge is as follows:
wherein x isiFor each cable, i is 1,2,3, …, n;
step two: let all stay cables force { xi}n×1={1}n×1I.e. xi1, the bending moment generated by the structure under the action of the unit force of the ith guy rope of 1 isAxial force ofShear force isThe bending moment, the axial force and the shearing force of the structure generated under the action of the cable force of all the inhaul cables and the secondary load are respectively as follows:
wherein M ispBending moment, N, generated under secondary load as a basic systempAxial force, Q, generated under secondary load as a basic systempN is the number of the stay ropes in order to generate shearing force under the second stage load of the basic system,
the energy that girder and cable tower accumulated at this moment is respectively:
Wherein E is elastic modulus, I is bending resistance inertia distance, A is section area, G is shear modulus, and k is shear stress non-uniformity coefficient;
step three: establishing an objective function:
W=Ug+φUt
the shearing force and the axial force are not considered by taking the bending moment as a main control factor, and the objective function can be simplified as follows:
wherein W is the total energy cost consumed by the structure, and phi is the ratio of the energy cost of the cable tower to the energy cost of the main beam;
step four: substituting the bending moment of the structure into the objective function:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
δii,δij,Δipan intermediate variable related to the structural stiffness, xjThe cable force corresponding to the jth cable, j is 1,2,3, …, n and j is not equal to i, and the bending moment generated by the structure under the action of the jth cable with the unit force of 1 is Mj;
Step five: internal force capture value:
obtaining a standing value equation:
Adjusting the rigidity of the main beam and the cable tower to make the section bending moment of inertia IyyReducing, and calculating the internal force of the structure under static load to obtain the cable force
Cable force ifIf the equation of the standing value is satisfied, the seventh step is carried out, if the equation of the standing value is not satisfied, the I is adjustedyyReduced by a factor of up to cable forceThe standing value equation is satisfied;
step seven: according to a group of cable forces which are obtained by solving and satisfy a standing value equationAccording to the principle of rationality of the cable force, the negative cable force is assigned according to the adjacent cable force value to obtain the cable force
Step eight: will cable forceSubstituting into a finite element model before adjusting the rigidity, and limiting into the value range of the vertical displacement u of the intersection position of the main beam and the stay cable in the bridge stage:
limiting the horizontal displacement of the intersecting positions of the cable towers and the stay cables at two sides to be +/-10 mm, and calculating to obtain a group of cable forces
Step nine: fine adjustment of cable force is carried out according to a bending moment diagram of the main beam and the cable tower, and except for the fact that the cable force of a pair of cables at the middle of each cable tower and three pairs of cables at the edges of two sides are allowed to have sudden change, the other cables meet the principle that the cable force gradually increases from a short cable to a long cable, and the cable force is obtained
Step ten: checking whether the most unfavorable combination of loads and the stress of the main section under the action of live load are reasonable, if not, returning to the step nine for fine adjustment again until the reasonable cable force in the bridge forming stage is finally obtained
2. The intelligent rapid cable adjusting method for the reasonable bridging state of the three-tower cable-stayed bridge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bending resistance moment of inertia I of the cross section in the step sixyyReduction by 5X 10mAnd m is 5-7.
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US20090125282A1 (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2009-05-14 | Keio University | Numerical structural analysis system based on the load-transfer-path method |
CN201926464U (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-08-10 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Single-tower cable-stayed bridge test model based on damage identification |
CN110472306A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-19 | 武汉工程大学 | A kind of cord force of cable-stayed bridge optimization method, device, equipment and readable storage medium storing program for executing |
CN111008500A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-14 | 郑州大学 | Method for calculating initial tension of stay cable of cable-stayed bridge |
CN113356064A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-07 | 中交二公局第二工程有限公司 | Mid-span closure-section-free pushing closure construction method for three-tower cable-stayed bridge |
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20090125282A1 (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2009-05-14 | Keio University | Numerical structural analysis system based on the load-transfer-path method |
CN201926464U (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-08-10 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Single-tower cable-stayed bridge test model based on damage identification |
CN110472306A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-19 | 武汉工程大学 | A kind of cord force of cable-stayed bridge optimization method, device, equipment and readable storage medium storing program for executing |
CN111008500A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-14 | 郑州大学 | Method for calculating initial tension of stay cable of cable-stayed bridge |
CN113356064A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-07 | 中交二公局第二工程有限公司 | Mid-span closure-section-free pushing closure construction method for three-tower cable-stayed bridge |
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