CN114683097B - Ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for cylindrical roller bearing rolling bodies - Google Patents
Ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for cylindrical roller bearing rolling bodies Download PDFInfo
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- CN114683097B CN114683097B CN202210223452.0A CN202210223452A CN114683097B CN 114683097 B CN114683097 B CN 114683097B CN 202210223452 A CN202210223452 A CN 202210223452A CN 114683097 B CN114683097 B CN 114683097B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/06—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers
- B24B31/064—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers the workpieces being fitted on a support
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
- B24B31/14—Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for a cylindrical roller bearing rolling body. The invention relates to a cylindrical roller bearing rolling body ultrasonic strengthening processing system which comprises a frame, a rotating wheel mechanism, a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, wherein a closed cavity for placing abrasive is formed in the frame, the rotating wheel mechanism is arranged in the closed cavity, the rotating wheel mechanism comprises a fixing wheel, a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing workpieces are formed in the fixing wheel along the circumferential direction, the driving mechanism drives the workpieces to revolve through the rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a processing state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism enables the abrasive in the closed cavity to vibrate so as to impact the workpieces in the clamping grooves. The ultrasonic strengthening processing system and the ultrasonic strengthening processing method have the advantages of high processing efficiency, stable and reliable processing effect, high quality and high efficiency, can process a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer on the surface of a workpiece, are beneficial to improving the lubrication condition of the roller bearing, and provide technical guarantee for improving the bearing capacity of the roller bearing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface strengthening processing of metal workpieces, in particular to an ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for rolling bodies of cylindrical roller bearings.
Background
The roller bearing belongs to one of rolling bearings, is one of widely applied parts in modern machinery, and has the advantages of small moment required for starting, high rotation precision, convenient selection and the like. Roller bearings are widely used in various industrial fields as large bearing bearings. As industrial core basic components, the development of roller bearings is increasingly moving toward high load and high precision, and in this context, improving the rigidity, strength and life of the bearing components is becoming an important research proposition.
The rolling elements of the roller bearing are easy to generate plastic deformation and pitting failure, and in order to improve the bearing capacity and service life of the roller bearing, a one-step strengthening process is usually required after the roller processing is completed. At present, most of the strengthening methods are roller strengthening, rolling is utilized, rolling bodies in a barrel fall by gravity, and impact plastic deformation strengthening is generated. The technical method is simple and low in cost, but has the following defects: 1) The machining efficiency is low, the machining time of a batch of rolling bodies is usually more than ten hours, the machining period is long, and the ever-increasing efficiency requirement cannot be met; 2) The processing precision is low, the falling angle, the falling height, the frequency and the like of the rolling bodies are uncontrollable due to the random uncontrollable processing process, the processed quality is uneven, and the rolling bodies can be used only by re-screening groups; 3) The processing defects are many, the rolling bodies roll in the barrel to be rubbed, the surfaces are easy to scratch and damage, and meanwhile, the end surfaces of the rolling bodies are easy to generate plastic deformation in the falling process, so that the bearing capacity of the rolling bodies is reduced.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method for a cylindrical roller bearing rolling body, which have the advantages of high processing efficiency, stable and reliable processing effect, high quality and high efficiency, and can process a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer on the surface of a workpiece.
The invention provides a cylindrical roller bearing rolling body ultrasonic strengthening processing system which comprises a frame, a rotating wheel mechanism, a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, wherein a closed cavity for placing abrasive is formed in the frame, the rotating wheel mechanism is arranged in the closed cavity, the rotating wheel mechanism comprises a fixing wheel, a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing workpieces are formed in the fixing wheel along the circumferential direction, the driving mechanism drives the workpieces to revolve through the rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a processing state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism enables the abrasive in the closed cavity to vibrate so as to impact the workpieces in the clamping grooves.
Further, the rotating wheel mechanism further comprises a friction wheel, the fixing wheel is coaxially sleeved outside the friction wheel, the workpiece is in friction contact with the friction wheel when placed in the clamping groove, and the driving mechanism drives the fixing wheel and the friction wheel to rotate at different speeds so as to drive the workpiece to revolve and rotate.
Further, the friction wheel comprises a rigid wheel and a soft friction layer arranged on the surface of the rigid wheel; wherein, the rigid wheel is made of hard plastic or metal, and the soft friction layer is made of styrene-butadiene rubber.
Further, the driving mechanism drives the firmware wheel and the friction wheel to rotate at different speeds through the planetary gear mechanism; the friction wheel is connected with the driving mechanism through a driving piece of the planetary gear mechanism, and the firmware wheel is connected with the driving mechanism through a driven piece of the planetary gear mechanism.
Further, the airtight cavity is funnel-shaped, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the airtight cavity, the rotating wheel mechanism is arranged at the top of the airtight cavity, the main shaft of the driving mechanism is fixed on the frame, and the rotating wheel mechanism is connected with the main shaft of the driving mechanism.
Further, the ultrasonic strengthening processing system of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body also comprises loading and unloading equipment for automatically loading and unloading workpieces.
The invention also provides an ultrasonic strengthening processing method for the rolling body of the cylindrical roller bearing, which adopts the ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the rolling body of the cylindrical roller bearing to carry out ultrasonic strengthening processing on a workpiece.
Specifically, the ultrasonic strengthening processing method of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body comprises the following steps:
s1: after a plurality of workpieces are respectively placed in each clamping groove of the rotating wheel mechanism, the rotating wheel mechanism is fastened on a main shaft of the driving mechanism;
s2: starting a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism drives a workpiece to revolve through a rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a machining state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism vibrates abrasive in a closed cavity to impact the workpiece fixed in the clamping groove;
s3: and stopping the driving mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism and blanking after the workpiece revolves for a circle.
Further, the grinding material consists of hard balls, grinding powder and grinding fluid according to the mass ratio (14-16): (0.8-1.2): (0.5-1.0); wherein, the hard balls are single-size ceramic balls or steel balls with the diameter of 0.5-2.5mm and the surface hardness of more than 60HRC, the grinding powder is single-granularity brown corundum powder with the granularity of 80-200 meshes, and the grinding liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of phosphate amine salt compound, 3-5% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-0.8% of fatty acid amine and the balance of water.
Further, the firmware wheel is controlled to rotate in a first direction at an angular velocity ω1, the friction wheel is controlled to rotate in a first direction at an angular velocity ω2, and the workpiece is controlled to rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction at an angular velocity ω3.
The implementation of the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method adopt ultrasonic processing technology, and utilize ultrasonic mechanical vibration to drive the strengthening abrasive to impact the workpiece at high speed, so that the stability, reliability, high quality and high efficiency of strengthening processing effect are realized, and meanwhile, a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer can be processed on the surface of the workpiece;
2. according to the ultrasonic strengthening processing system and method, a plurality of workpieces are fixed through the rotating wheel mechanism at the same time, so that strengthening processing can be carried out on the plurality of workpieces at the same time; in addition, as the ultrasonic processing technology has strong impact force and high impact frequency, the processing efficiency is improved in quality compared with the traditional roller type, and meanwhile, the ultrasonic processing technology is benefited, and the energy conversion and the energy utilization rate can be effectively improved;
3. according to the ultrasonic reinforced processing system, the airtight cavity is arranged for placing the abrasive, and the rotating wheel mechanism is arranged in the airtight cavity, so that the processing surface of a workpiece is subjected to controlled spraying, the reinforced quality controllability is enhanced, the damage rate is further reduced, the damage to the non-processing surface of which the end surface needs to be ensured to be smooth can be avoided, and the bearing performance of the non-processing surface and the rolling body is protected;
4. the ultrasonic strengthening processing system and the method can enable the surface of the rolling body workpiece to generate a plastic deformation micro-texture layer, can further improve the lubrication condition of the roller bearing, and provide technical support for the improvement of the bearing capacity of the roller bearing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic strengthening processing system for rolling elements of a cylindrical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a turning wheel mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a transmission schematic diagram of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1: sealing the cavity; 2: a firmware wheel; 3: a friction wheel; 4: a main shaft; 5: an ultrasonic vibration mechanism; 6: a planetary gear mechanism; 7: a workpiece; 8: an abrasive.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms also include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body ultrasonic strengthening processing system of the present embodiment includes a frame, a rotating wheel mechanism, a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5, wherein a closed cavity 1 for placing an abrasive 8 is provided on the frame, the rotating wheel mechanism is provided in the closed cavity 1, the rotating wheel mechanism includes a fixing wheel 2, a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing a workpiece 7 (e.g., cylindrical roller bearing rolling body) are provided on the fixing wheel 2 along the circumferential direction, the driving mechanism drives the workpiece 7 to revolve through the rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in the processing state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 vibrates the abrasive 8 in the closed cavity 1 to impact the workpiece 7 in the clamping grooves.
In this embodiment, the frame is used primarily to provide support for other components; the machine frame is provided with a closed cavity 1 for placing an abrasive 8, the shape of the closed cavity 1 can be funnel-shaped, at the moment, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 can be arranged at the bottom of the closed cavity 1, a rotating wheel mechanism can be arranged at the top of the closed cavity 1, meanwhile, a main shaft 4 of a driving mechanism is fixed on the machine frame, and the rotating wheel mechanism is connected with the main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism. Furthermore, it is understood that a sealing door is provided on the sealed cavity 1, which sealing door is in a closed state in the processing state of the workpiece 7.
The rotating wheel mechanism (also called a clamp) is mainly used for driving the workpiece 7 to revolve under the drive of the driving mechanism and simultaneously driving the workpiece 7 to rotate for more than one circle under the processing state; in addition, the turning mechanism should be provided with a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing the workpieces 7 in the circumferential direction so that ultrasonic strengthening processing can be performed on the plurality of workpieces 7 simultaneously during rotation. It will be appreciated that when the workpiece 7 is secured to the clamping groove, since only the portion facing the impact area of the abrasive 8 is effective for performing ultrasonic strengthening processing, at least a portion of the surface of the workpiece 7 should be exposed to the enclosed cavity 1 so that the abrasive 8 can impact the surface of the workpiece 7 at high speed when vibration occurs to perform ultrasonic strengthening processing.
In this embodiment, the machining state of the workpiece 7 refers to a state in which the workpiece 7 is located in the closed cavity 1 and the abrasive 8 can impact the surface of the workpiece 7 at a high speed, that is, the state in which the workpiece 7 revolves into a machinable angle to the workpiece 7 out of the machinable angle, at which time the workpiece 7 should spin at least more than one turn to ensure that the entire surface of the workpiece 7 can be machined with ultrasonic enhancement. Under the above arrangement mode, the processed surface is controlled to spray, the quality controllability is enhanced, the damage rate is further reduced, the non-processed surface of which the end surface needs to ensure flatness can be prevented from being damaged, and the bearing performance of the non-processed surface and the rolling body is further protected.
Specifically, the runner mechanism may include a fixing wheel 2 and a friction wheel 3, the fixing wheel 2 is coaxially sleeved outside the friction wheel 3, a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing the workpiece 7 are formed in the fixing wheel 2 along the circumferential direction, the workpiece 7 is in friction contact with the friction wheel 3 when placed in the clamping grooves, and the driving mechanism drives the fixing wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3 to rotate at different speeds so as to drive the workpiece 7 to revolve and rotate.
Further, the friction wheel 3 may include a rigid wheel and a soft friction layer provided on the surface of the rigid wheel; wherein, the rigid wheel can be made of hard plastic or metal, and the soft friction layer can be made of styrene-butadiene rubber. The friction wheel 3 of this construction can provide a larger contact area and a larger friction force while facilitating loading and clamping of the workpiece 7.
The driving mechanism is mainly used for driving the workpiece 7 to revolve through the rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a machining state; specifically, the driving mechanism can drive the firmware wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3 to rotate at different speeds through the planetary gear mechanism 6; the friction wheel 3 can be connected with the driving mechanism through a driving piece of the planetary gear mechanism 6, and the firmware wheel 2 can be connected with the driving mechanism through a driven piece of the planetary gear mechanism 6, so that the firmware wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3 rotate at different speeds. The planetary gear mechanism 6 can realize the rotation speed difference of the firmware wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3, and the respective speeds can be allocated and designed through planetary gear matching.
Specifically, during the ultrasonic strengthening process, the firmware wheel 2 may be controlled to rotate in a first direction at an angular velocity ω1, the friction wheel 3 may be controlled to rotate in a first direction at an angular velocity ω2, and the workpiece 7 may be controlled to rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction at an angular velocity ω3. This method can increase the speed difference between rotation and revolution of the workpiece 7, and can easily achieve full surface processing coverage of the workpiece 7 in the processing region.
The ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 is mainly used for vibrating the abrasive 8 in the closed cavity 1 to impact the workpiece 7 in the clamping groove at a high speed; the ultrasonic vibration device can adopt a conventional device in the field, and outputs ultrasonic mechanical vibration through a tool head to drive the abrasive 8 placed on the ultrasonic vibration device to impact the workpiece 7 positioned right above the ultrasonic vibration device at a high speed to generate severe plastic deformation so as to realize the local strengthening of the surface of the rolling body; the main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism is used for driving the workpiece 7 to rotate and revolve, so that local strengthening is homogenized into strengthening of the rolling surface of the whole workpiece 7. The grinding material 8 is driven by ultrasonic mechanical vibration to impact the workpiece 7 at a high speed, so that the stability, reliability, high quality and high efficiency of the strengthening processing effect are realized, and a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer can be processed on the surface of the workpiece 7; meanwhile, as the ultrasonic processing technology has strong impact force and high impact frequency, the processing efficiency is improved compared with that of the traditional roller type, and the energy conversion and the energy utilization rate are effectively improved.
The abrasive 8 used in the ultrasonic strengthening process is not strictly limited; specifically, the grinding material 8 can be prepared from hard balls, grinding powder and grinding fluid according to the mass ratio (14-16): (0.8-1.2): (0.5-1.0); wherein, the hard ball can be a single-size ceramic ball or steel ball with the diameter of 0.5-2.5mm and the surface hardness of more than 60HRC, the grinding powder can be single-size brown corundum powder with the granularity of 80-200 meshes, and the grinding liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of phosphate amine salt compound, 3-5% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-0.8% of fatty acid amine and the balance of water.
In addition, the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body ultrasonic strengthening processing system of the present embodiment may further include a loading and unloading device for automatically loading and unloading the workpiece 7; automatic loading and unloading equipment is arranged to automatically load and unload the workpiece 7, so that the ultrasonic strengthening efficiency of the rolling bodies can be further improved.
The ultrasonic strengthening processing of the workpiece 7 by the system comprises the following steps:
s1: after a plurality of workpieces 7 are respectively placed in each clamping groove of the rotating wheel mechanism, the rotating wheel mechanism is fastened on a main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism;
s2: starting a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5, wherein the driving mechanism drives a workpiece 7 to revolve through a rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a machining state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 vibrates an abrasive 8 in the closed cavity 1 to impact the workpiece 7 fixed in the clamping groove;
s3: after the workpiece 7 revolves for one revolution, the driving mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 are stopped and blanking is performed.
The cylindrical roller bearing rolling body ultrasonic strengthening processing system drives a plurality of workpieces 7 to revolve through the driving mechanism and the rotating wheel mechanism, each workpiece 7 rotates for more than one circle in a processing state, meanwhile, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 enables the abrasive 8 in the closed cavity 1 to vibrate and impact the workpieces 7 in the clamping groove at a high speed, so that the processing efficiency is high, the energy conversion and the energy utilization rate are high, and the stable, reliable, high-quality and high-efficiency strengthening processing effect is realized; in particular, the system can process a high-quality plastic deformation reinforcing layer on the surface of the workpiece 7 during ultrasonic reinforcement processing, is beneficial to further improving the lubrication condition of the roller bearing, and provides technical guarantee for improving the bearing capacity of the roller bearing.
Example 2
The ultrasonic strengthening processing method for the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body adopts the ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body of the embodiment 1 to carry out ultrasonic strengthening processing on the workpiece 7, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) Clamping a workpiece 7 (cylindrical roller bearing rolling body) to be processed in clamping grooves of a rotating wheel mechanism, and fastening the workpiece 7 on the rotating wheel mechanism after all clamping grooves of the rotating wheel mechanism are fully filled with the workpiece 7;
2) The clamping-completed rotating wheel mechanism is arranged in a clamping groove of a main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism and locked, the clamping of the whole workpiece 7 is completed, the main shaft 4 is fixed on the frame, the clamping groove of the main shaft 4 is positioned in a closed cavity 1, and the closed cavity 1 is a funnel-shaped closed cavity and is connected with the frame;
3) After the airtight door of the airtight cavity 1 is closed, a main shaft 4 of a driving mechanism is started, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 is started, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 is a conventional mechanism, ultrasonic mechanical vibration is output through a tool head, the tool head of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 is placed at the bottom of the funnel-shaped airtight cavity 1, a grinding material 8 placed on the tool head is driven to impact a workpiece 7 positioned right above the tool head at a high speed, severe plastic deformation is generated, local strengthening of the surface of the workpiece 7 is realized, and the workpiece 7 is driven to rotate and revolve by the main shaft 4, so that the local strengthening is homogenized into the strengthening of the rolling surface of the whole workpiece 7;
4) After the firmware wheel 2 of the rotating wheel mechanism rotates for one circle, the controllable ultrasonic strengthening of the surfaces of all the workpieces 7 on the whole rotating wheel mechanism is finished, at the moment, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 5 and the driving mechanism are stopped, the airtight door of the airtight cavity 1 is opened, the workpieces 7 are replaced, and the next batch of processing can be started, and the cycle is performed.
Specifically, the runner mechanism in step 1) is a double-layer composite runner structure, and is respectively an outer firmware wheel 2 and an inner friction wheel 3, a plurality of concave clamping grooves are circumferentially distributed on the firmware wheel 2 and are used for placing a workpiece 7, the workpiece 7 is clamped in the clamping grooves and then is contacted with the friction wheel 3, the firmware wheel 2 drives the workpiece 7 to revolve, the rotating speed of the friction wheel 3 is different from that of the firmware wheel 2, and the rotating speed of the friction wheel 3 and the firmware wheel 2 meets the requirement that the workpiece 7 rotates at least more than one circle when the revolution of the workpiece 7 enters a machinable angle to a machinable angle.
The friction wheel 3 consists of a rigid body and a soft surface layer fixed on the outer surface of the rigid body, wherein the rigid body is a circular hard plastic or metal piece, and the soft surface layer is styrene-butadiene rubber, so that the loading and clamping of the workpiece 7 are convenient while the contact area and the friction force are larger.
The rotation speed difference between the firmware wheel 2 and the friction wheel 3 can be realized through a planetary gear mechanism 6; referring to fig. 3, the rotational speed is input through the main shaft 4 of the driving mechanism, the housing of the rotating wheel mechanism is fixed on the frame through a clamp, the friction wheel 3 is fixed on the output end of the main shaft 4, so that the rotational speed is equal to the rotational speed of the main shaft 4, the firmware wheel 2 is connected with the planetary carrier (driven member) of the planetary gear mechanism to output the rotational speed, and the speed can be allocated and designed through planetary gear matching. Since effective machining can be achieved only in the portion facing the impact area of the abrasive 8 during ultrasonic strengthening machining, the workpiece 7 needs to complete more than one revolution number of revolution when revolving from entering to leaving the effective machining angle (area), and the planetary gear train is designed based on the parameter.
In step 2), the clamping groove of the spindle 4 may be a conventional conical clamping groove of a pneumatic clamp, so as to achieve rapid butt joint and clamping of the spindle 43 of the rotating wheel mechanism and the driving mechanism. Referring to fig. 3, the rotation speed of the friction wheel 3 is equal to the rotation speed of the main shaft 4, that is, ω1, the direction is clockwise, the rotation speed of the firmware wheel 2 is the same as the rotation speed of the friction wheel 3, the rotation speed is ω2, the rotation speed of the workpiece 7 is ω3, and the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise.
In the step 3), the grinding material 8 consists of hard balls, grinding powder and grinding liquid according to the mass percentage of 15:1:0.8, wherein the hard balls are single-size ceramic balls or steel balls with the diameter of 0.5-2.5mm and the surface hardness of more than 60HRC, the grinding powder is single-granularity brown corundum powder with the granularity of 80-200 meshes, and the grinding liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 8% of phosphate amine salt compound, 4% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1.5% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.6% of fatty acid amine and the balance of water.
In order to further improve the ultrasonic strengthening efficiency of the rolling bodies, automatic loading and unloading of the workpieces 7 can be realized by adopting automatic equipment, and the pneumatic clamping head which is preferably adopted can be matched with automation to automatically and rapidly complete the automatic replacement work of the whole clamp.
The ultrasonic strengthening processing method of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body utilizes ultrasonic mechanical vibration to drive the abrasive 8 to impact the workpiece 7 at a high speed, so that the stability, reliability, high quality and high efficiency of strengthening processing effect are realized, and a high-quality plastic deformation strengthening layer can be processed on the surface of the workpiece 7; because the ultrasonic processing technology has strong impact force and high impact frequency, the processing efficiency is improved by quality compared with the traditional roller type, and meanwhile, the ultrasonic processing technology is benefited, and the energy conversion and the energy utilization rate are effectively improved; the method has the advantages that the processed surface is subjected to controlled spraying, the quality controllability is enhanced, the damage rate is further reduced, the non-processed surface of which the end surface needs to be ensured to be smooth can be prevented from being damaged, and the bearing performance of the non-processed surface and the rolling body is protected; in addition, as the plastic deformation micro-texture layer is generated on the surface of the workpiece 7, the lubrication condition of the roller bearing can be further improved, and technical support is provided for the improvement of the bearing capacity of the roller bearing.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the cylindrical roller bearing rolling bodies is characterized by comprising a frame, a rotating wheel mechanism, a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, wherein a closed cavity for placing abrasive materials is formed in the frame; the rotating wheel mechanism also comprises a friction wheel, the fixing wheel is coaxially sleeved outside the friction wheel, the workpiece is in friction contact with the friction wheel when placed in the clamping groove, and the driving mechanism drives the fixing wheel and the friction wheel to rotate at different speeds so as to drive the workpiece to revolve and rotate; the friction wheel comprises a rigid wheel and a soft friction layer arranged on the surface of the rigid wheel, wherein the rigid wheel is made of hard plastic or metal, and the soft friction layer is made of styrene-butadiene rubber.
2. The ultrasonic strengthening processing system of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling bodies according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism drives the fixing wheel and the friction wheel to rotate at different speeds through the planetary gear mechanism; the friction wheel is connected with the driving mechanism through a driving piece of the planetary gear mechanism, and the firmware wheel is connected with the driving mechanism through a driven piece of the planetary gear mechanism.
3. The ultrasonic strengthening processing system of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body according to claim 1, wherein the closed cavity is funnel-shaped, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the closed cavity, the rotating wheel mechanism is arranged at the top of the closed cavity, the main shaft of the driving mechanism is fixed on the frame, and the rotating wheel mechanism is connected with the main shaft of the driving mechanism.
4. The ultrasonic strengthening processing system of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling bodies according to claim 1, further comprising a handling device for handling the workpiece automatically.
5. An ultrasonic strengthening processing method for a cylindrical roller bearing rolling body is characterized in that the ultrasonic strengthening processing system for the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body is adopted to carry out ultrasonic strengthening processing on a workpiece; the ultrasonic strengthening processing method of the cylindrical roller bearing rolling body comprises the following steps:
s1: after a plurality of workpieces are respectively placed in each clamping groove of the rotating wheel mechanism, the rotating wheel mechanism is fastened on a main shaft of the driving mechanism;
s2: starting a driving mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism drives a workpiece to revolve through a rotating wheel mechanism and rotate for more than one circle in a machining state, and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism vibrates abrasive in a closed cavity to impact the workpiece fixed in the clamping groove;
s3: stopping the driving mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration mechanism and blanking after the workpiece revolves for a circle;
wherein the grinding material consists of hard balls, grinding powder and grinding liquid according to the mass ratio (14-16): (0.8-1.2): (0.5-1.0); wherein, the hard balls are single-size ceramic balls or steel balls with the diameter of 0.5-2.5mm and the surface hardness of more than 60HRC, the grinding powder is single-granularity brown corundum powder with the granularity of 80-200 meshes, and the grinding liquid mainly comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of phosphate amine salt compound, 3-5% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-0.8% of fatty acid amine and the balance of water.
6. The ultrasonic strengthening process of cylindrical roller bearing rolling elements according to claim 5, wherein the firmware wheel is controlled to rotate at an angular velocity ω1 in a first direction, the friction wheel is controlled to rotate at an angular velocity ω2 in a first direction, and the workpiece is controlled to rotate at an angular velocity ω3 in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
Priority Applications (1)
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