CN114680015A - Rubber tapping machine and rubber tapping method - Google Patents
Rubber tapping machine and rubber tapping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114680015A CN114680015A CN202011640607.8A CN202011640607A CN114680015A CN 114680015 A CN114680015 A CN 114680015A CN 202011640607 A CN202011640607 A CN 202011640607A CN 114680015 A CN114680015 A CN 114680015A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/10—Tapping of tree-juices, e.g. caoutchouc, gum
- A01G23/12—Knives or axes for tapping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tapping machine and a tapping method, wherein the tapping machine comprises an upper deformable guide rail and a lower deformable guide rail, wherein convex claws are arranged on the inner wall of each deformable guide rail, and teeth are arranged on the outer wall side of each deformable guide rail; the tapping machine further comprises a longitudinal guide rail, two ends of the longitudinal guide rail are respectively fixedly connected with an upper carriage and a lower carriage, a rotatable lead screw and a square transmission shaft are arranged between the upper carriage and the lower carriage, a power supply for providing power for a motor and a PCB for controlling the motor to work are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper carriage, the tool rest assembly is sleeved on the longitudinal guide rail, the lead screw and the square transmission shaft, and the motor is arranged in the inner cavity of the tool rest assembly. According to the rubber tapping method disclosed by the invention, the vector superposition rubber tapping process from the right lower part to the left upper part and the vector superposition return stroke process from the left upper part to the right lower part can be finished through one motor, the rubber tapping rule of a rubber tree is met, the cutter is retracted, the position of the cutter rest assembly is moved downwards, and the rubber tapping method is simple, convenient and quick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a rubber tapping machine and a rubber tapping method for cutting rubber tree barks in the field.
Background
Since the discovery of natural rubber from rubber trees, the method for forming rubber bark into a rubber slide way is always to manually cut by a rubber cutter; although electric tapping knives are beginning to appear in recent times, manual hand-held operation is still required.
The Chinese patent application CN104429813A discloses a rubber tapping machine, which comprises a tree binding fixing frame and two annular planetary gear shells respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the tree binding fixing frame, wherein a vector moving tool rest assembly is arranged between the two annular planetary gear shells; a gear shaft is arranged on the vector moving tool rest assembly, and a motor and a tapping tool rest with a gear rack are arranged in the vector moving tool rest assembly; the rubber tapping knife rest is internally provided with a rubber tapping knife assembly, the top end of the rubber tapping knife assembly is connected with a lead screw, and the rubber tapping knife assembly can move up and down in the rubber tapping knife rest by rotating the lead screw. The shape of the annular planetary gear shell of the rubber tapping machine is fixed, the annular planetary gear shell cannot be adjusted according to the thickness of a rubber trunk, if the rubber trunk is thin, the force arm between the rubber tapping knife assembly and the rubber trunk is long, rubber tapping is labor-consuming, and the effect is poor; the tapping knife rest adopts a gear and rack transmission mode, so that the failure rate is high and the installation is troublesome; in addition, the cutter head of the rubber tapping machine is fixed, the surface of the rubber bark is irregular, and the structure ensures that the rubber tapping machine can not cut the concave part of the surface of the rubber bark and is easily clamped by the convex part of the surface of the rubber bark in the rubber tapping process, so that the problem of continuous cutting of the surface of the irregular rubber bark can not be well solved.
The Chinese patent application CN111972251A discloses a rubber tapping machine and a rubber tapping method, wherein the rubber tapping machine disclosed in the patent application adopts two motors to complete the full-automatic rubber tapping whole process, one motor is used for the bidirectional displacement operation of the machine, and the other motor is used for a mechanical arm to automatically cut the surface layer of a tree; in reality, the power consumption is large, the product cost is high, the process is complicated, and the structure is complex; secondly, when the machine is shifted, the upper guide rail is driven to operate through the lower guide rail, so that the problem of instability and incompatibility can be caused during actual operation; thirdly, the push-type rubber tapping resistance is large, and the electric energy consumption is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a tapping machine and a tapping method which have low cost and good stability and can stably and uniformly cut.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the rubber tapping machine is improved in that: the tapping machine comprises an upper deformable guide rail and a lower deformable guide rail, wherein convex claws are arranged on the inner wall of each deformable guide rail, and teeth are arranged on the outer wall side of each deformable guide rail; the rubber tapping machine also comprises a longitudinal guide rail, wherein two ends of the longitudinal guide rail are respectively and fixedly connected with an upper vehicle-unloading carrier and a lower vehicle-unloading carrier, the upper vehicle-unloading carrier and the lower vehicle-unloading carrier are respectively provided with an inner groove and a limiting pin, the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail are respectively inserted into the inner grooves of the upper vehicle-unloading carrier and the lower vehicle-unloading carrier, so that guide rail transmission gears in the upper vehicle-unloading carrier and the lower vehicle-unloading carrier are meshed with teeth on the outer walls of the deformable guide rails, and the limiting pin is leaned against one side of the inner wall of the deformable guide rail in a spanning manner; in addition, a rotatable lead screw and a square transmission shaft are arranged between the upper vehicle-mounted frame and the lower vehicle-mounted frame, a power supply for providing power for a motor and a PCB for controlling the motor to work are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper vehicle-mounted frame, a tool rest assembly is sleeved on the longitudinal guide rail, the lead screw and the square transmission shaft, the motor is arranged in the inner cavity of the tool rest assembly, two output shafts are respectively arranged at two ends of the motor, wherein the power output by the output shaft I drives a cutter disc assembly to rotate through a power shaft group matched with the driving teeth; the output shaft II outputs power to the double clutch assembly and the reversing gear through the transmission gear set and the double coupling gear; the double clutch assembly transmits power to a driven screw rod matched with the inner thread of the linear displacement slide block to control the cutter bar, the reversing gear drives the square transmission shaft to rotate, the power is transmitted to the time delay mechanism in the upper vehicle carrier frame, the time delay mechanism transmits the power to the end tooth of the lead screw through the transmission gear to drive the lead screw to rotate, and the end tooth of the lead screw is meshed with the guide rail transmission gear through the transition gear to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear in the upper vehicle carrier frame and the lower vehicle carrier frame to move along the tooth of the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail.
Furthermore, a fixing rod is fixedly connected between the upper and lower carriage frames.
Furthermore, a supporting plane is arranged at the lower part of the teeth on the outer wall of the deformable guide rail.
Further, the reversing gear is a crown gear.
Further, the power shaft group is a coaxial double-ended bevel gear.
Furthermore, the delay mechanism is of a coaxial double-gear structure, wherein a delay convex surface is arranged in an inner hole of the delay gear, and a convex block matched with the delay convex surface is arranged on the surface of the transmission gear II.
Furthermore, the double-clutch assembly consists of a transmission gear III and a sector gear which are coaxial, wherein a power torsion spring is arranged in the sector gear, and a power shifting fork is arranged on an inner hole of the sector gear and matched with the transmission gear III, so that the transmission gear III is driven.
Furthermore, the power shifting fork is of a rod-shaped structure with two parallel sides, and an angle gap is formed between the power shifting fork and the inner hole of the sector gear.
Further, the cutter head assembly comprises a rotary cutter head and a cutting blade fixed on the rotary cutter head through a pressure plate.
Furthermore, a baffle is arranged on the rotary cutter head.
Furthermore, one end of the tool rest assembly is sleeved on the lead screw through a nut, the other end of the tool rest assembly penetrates through the square transmission shaft and the longitudinal guide rail through the square transmission shaft sleeve and the sliding sleeve, the tool rest assembly can slide up and down along the square transmission shaft and the longitudinal guide rail, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the linear displacement slide block, the other end of the tension spring is hinged with one end of the tool bar, and the other end of the tool bar is hinged with the cutter head assembly; the rotary locking block fixedly connected with the tool rest assembly is matched with the screw rod through an inner nut, one end of the rotary locking block is of a ratchet structure, and the linear displacement sliding block is provided with a springable pawl.
The tapping method using the tapping machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) fixing: hooping an upper deformable guide rail and a lower deformable guide rail of the rubber tapping machine on a rubber tree, and tensioning two ends of the deformable guide rails by using a tightening belt to fix the rubber tapping machine on a rubber tree trunk;
(2) placing a cutter: the motor is started in the forward direction under the control of the PCB, and the power output by the motor output shaft I drives the cutter disc assembly to rotate through the power shaft group matched with the driving tooth; the motor output shaft II outputs power to the double clutch assembly and the reversing gear through the transmission gear set and the double coupling gear; the large tooth end of the duplex tooth is meshed with the double clutch assembly to transmit power to a driven screw rod matched with the inner thread of the linear displacement slide block, the driven screw rod rotates to push out the linear displacement slide block, and the cutter bar extends out under the action of the tension spring to enable the rotary cutter head to be close to rubber barks; the small tooth end of the duplex tooth is meshed with the reversing gear to drive the square transmission shaft to rotate, power is transmitted to a time delay mechanism in the upper vehicle carrier frame, the time delay gear on the time delay mechanism rotates, the transmission gear II does not move until the cutter placing process is finished, and the double clutch assembly is in no-load state;
(3) tapping: after the delay gear finishes delaying, a transmission gear II is driven to rotate together, the transmission gear II is matched with a lead screw end tooth in the upper vehicle carrier through the transmission gear I so as to drive a lead screw to rotate, the tool rest assembly moves from bottom to top, the lead screw end teeth of the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier are meshed with the guide rail transmission gear through a transition gear to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier to move from right to left along teeth on the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail, and two motion track vectors are superposed to form a spiral rubber cutting process from right to bottom to left;
(4) retracting the cutter: after a cutting stroke is finished, the motor is reversely started under the control of the PCB, and power output by the motor output shaft I drives the cutter head component to reversely rotate through the power shaft group matched with the driving tooth; the motor output shaft II outputs power to the double clutch assembly and the reversing gear through the transmission gear set and the double coupling gear; the large tooth end of the duplex tooth is meshed with the double clutch assembly to transmit power to a driven screw rod matched with the inner thread of the linear displacement sliding block, the driven screw rod rotates reversely to pull back the linear displacement sliding block, the cutter bar is retracted under the action of the tension spring to enable the rotary cutter head to be far away from rubber barks, in the process of pulling back the linear displacement sliding block, the elastic pawl on the linear displacement sliding block pulls one tooth on a ratchet structure of the rotary locking block, and the rotary locking block drives the whole cutter rest assembly to move downwards along the screw rod by one cutting unit; the small tooth end of the duplex tooth is meshed with the reversing gear to drive the square transmission shaft to rotate reversely, power is transmitted to a time delay mechanism in the upper vehicle carrying frame, the time delay gear on the time delay mechanism rotates reversely, the transmission gear II does not move until the cutter retracting process is finished, and the double clutch assembly is in no-load state;
(5) and (3) return stroke: after the delay gear finishes delaying, the transmission gear II is driven to reversely rotate together, the transmission gear II is meshed with a lead screw end tooth in the upper vehicle carrier through the transmission gear I so as to drive the lead screw to reversely rotate, the tool rest assembly moves from top to bottom, the lead screw end teeth in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier are meshed with the guide rail transmission gear through the transition gear to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier to move from left to right along teeth on the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail, and two motion track vectors are superposed to form a spiral return stroke from left to top to right;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (2) - (5) until the whole tapping process is finished.
Further, the time length of the cutter releasing process in the step (2) is equal to the time length of the delay gear delay, and the time length of the cutter retracting process in the step (4) is equal to the time length of the reverse delay of the delay gear.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the rubber tapping machine disclosed by the invention is suitable for trunks with different thicknesses and shapes by using the deformable guide rail made of ABS, PP-R, PP or PC materials and matching with the tightening belt, so that the whole rubber tapping machine can be firmly fixed on the trunks, and the rubber tapping machine has the functions of fixing the rubber tapping machine and transmitting. The deformable guide rails have claws on their inner walls to facilitate the rails gripping the surface of the trunk.
The rubber tapping machine disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the mode that one motor is used for controlling all actions is adopted, the cost is greatly saved, the main body components are all arranged inside the upper vehicle carrier and the cutter frame assembly, the problem of machine faults possibly caused by exposure to the sun and rain in outdoor work of the rubber tapping machine can be avoided after the upper vehicle carrier and the cutter frame assembly are sealed, and the practicability and the working efficiency are greatly improved.
The tapping machine disclosed by the invention controls the action of a retracting knife by arranging the fan-shaped tooth double-clutch assembly; specifically, the toothed part of the sector gear is meshed with the large gear end of the duplex gear for transmission so as to drive the driven screw to rotate forwards and reversely, the process of pushing out and pulling back the linear displacement slide block is the process of releasing and retracting the cutter, and when the sector gear is in no-load state, the transmission gear III cannot drive the driven screw to rotate. And in the process of releasing and retracting the cutter, the travel of vector superposition is not carried out, and the problem of asynchronous time difference that the cutting is started after the cutter is released and the cutting is returned after the cutter is retracted is solved by arranging a delay mechanism.
In addition, in the knife retracting process, namely the linear displacement sliding block is pulled back, the elastic pawl stirs the ratchet structure at the lower part of the rotation locking block, so that one working unit is adjusted downwards in the whole knife rest assembly, the number of teeth and the positions of the teeth on the ratchet structure can be set according to specific requirements, and on the contrary, in the knife releasing process, due to the unidirectionality of the ratchet structure, the elastic pawl cannot stir the teeth of the rotation locking block.
According to the rubber tapping machine disclosed by the invention, the two output shafts are arranged in two directions of the motor, and the rotary cutting mode is carried out under the driving of the motor output shaft I by adopting the rotary cutter head structure, so that the cutting resistance is reduced, the power loss of the machine in the working process can be effectively avoided, the residual rubber threads on trees can be removed, the working time of workers is reduced, the labor intensity of the workers is improved, and the working efficiency of the workers is improved.
According to the rubber tapping method disclosed by the invention, the vector superposition rubber tapping process from the right lower part to the left upper part and the vector superposition return stroke process from the left upper part to the right lower part can be finished through one motor, the rubber tapping rule of a rubber tree is met, the cutter is retracted, the position of the cutter rest assembly is moved downwards, and the rubber tapping method is simple, convenient and quick.
The rubber tapping machine disclosed by the invention not only can be used for cutting rubber barks, but also can be used in the fields of collecting juice (latex) on trees such as lacquer cutting, rosin collection and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram I of a tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view II of a partial structure of the tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a carriage cabin on a tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural view of the upper carriage cabin of the tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural view of a lower carriage cabin of a tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of a tool rest assembly in the tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view II of a part of the structure of a tool rest assembly in the tapping machine disclosed in the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8a and fig. 8b are schematic structural exploded views of a dual clutch assembly in the tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIGS. 9a and 9b are schematic exploded views of the delay mechanism of the tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a rotation lock block portion in the tapping machine disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, this embodiment discloses a tapping machine, which includes an upper deformable guide rail 2 and a lower deformable guide rail 2, the deformable guide rails 2 surround a tree 1, a protruding claw 3 is disposed on an inner wall of each deformable guide rail 2, teeth 4 are disposed on outer wall sides of the deformable guide rails, and a support plane 23 may be disposed on lower portions of the teeth; the tapping machine body also comprises a longitudinal guide rail 5, the upper end and the lower end of the longitudinal guide rail 5 are fixedly connected to an upper carrying frame and a lower carrying frame (an upper carrying frame 6 and a lower carrying frame 7) respectively, the longitudinal guide rail 5 can be an aluminum section, is light and rustless, a fixing rod 21 which can be fixedly connected between the upper carrying frame and the lower carrying frame to play a role of auxiliary support can be further fixedly connected, and the fixing rod 21 is installed in a fixing rod connecting hole 22 in the upper carrying frame and the lower carrying frame. Inner grooves and limit pins 8 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower carriage, the upper and lower deformable guide rails 2 are respectively inserted into the inner grooves of the upper and lower carriage, so that guide rail transmission gears 9 in the upper and lower carriage are meshed with teeth 4 on the outer walls of the deformable guide rails 2, and the limit pins 8 are leaned on one side of the inner wall of the deformable guide rails 2 in a striding manner; in addition, a rotatable lead screw 10 and a square transmission shaft 11 are arranged between an upper carriage and a lower carriage, an end cover 15 of the upper carriage is opened, a battery 13 for providing power for a motor and a PCB (printed circuit board) 14 for controlling the motor to work are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper carriage, a tool rest assembly 32 is sleeved on the longitudinal guide rail 5, the lead screw 10 and the square transmission shaft 11, the motor 12 is arranged in the inner cavity of the tool rest assembly 32, two output shafts are respectively arranged at two ends of the motor 12, wherein the power output by the output shaft I47 is transmitted to a power shaft group 44 through a driving tooth 42 so as to drive the cutter head assembly to rotate, and the power shaft group 44 in the embodiment is a coaxial double-head bevel gear structure; the output shaft II 45 outputs power to the double clutch assembly 16 and the reversing gear through the transmission gear set and the double teeth 46, and the reversing gear is a crown gear 41 meshed with a small tooth end of the double teeth 46; engaged with the dual clutch assembly 16 is the large tooth end of the dual gear 46. The double-clutch assembly 16 transmits power to a driven screw 35 matched with the inner thread of the linear displacement slide block 34 to control the cutter bar 37, the crown gear 41 drives the square transmission shaft 11 to rotate and transmits the power to the time delay mechanism 18 in the upper vehicle-mounted carrier 6, the time delay mechanism 18 transmits the power to the lead screw end tooth 19 through the transmission gear I20 so as to drive the lead screw 10 to rotate, and the lead screw end tooth 19 is meshed with the guide rail transmission gear 9 through the transition gear 50 to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear 9 in the upper vehicle-mounted carrier and the lower vehicle-mounted carrier to move along the tooth 4 on the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail.
Referring to fig. 4, 9a and 9b, the delay mechanism disclosed in this embodiment is a coaxial dual-gear structure, in which an inner hole of the delay gear 24 is provided with a delay convex surface 25, a surface of the transmission gear ii 26 is provided with a convex block 27 matched with the delay convex surface 25, and both the delay gear and the square transmission shaft ferrule 17 in the boarding carrier in this embodiment are sleeved on the square transmission shaft 11.
The double-clutch assembly disclosed in the embodiment with reference to fig. 4, 8a and 8b is composed of a transmission gear iii 28 and a sector gear 29 which are coaxial, wherein a power torsion spring 30 is arranged inside the sector gear 29, a power fork 31 is arranged on an inner hole of the sector gear 29 and is matched with the transmission gear iii 28 so as to drive the transmission gear iii 28, and the power fork 31 is in a rod-shaped structure with two parallel sides and forms an angle gap with the inner hole of the sector gear 29. The sector gear 29 rotates forwards or reversely to drive the transmission gear III 28, the transmission gear III 28 transmits power to the driven screw 35 matched with the internal thread of the linear displacement slider 34, and the linear displacement slider 34 is pushed out or pulled back to control the cutter bar, so that the action of cutter releasing or cutter retracting is realized. Each time the sector-shaped tooth 29 and the gear engaged with the sector-shaped tooth are geared to the last tooth, the power torsion spring 30 can keep the sector-shaped tooth 29 returned without disengaging the tooth for the next engagement transmission. The power fork 31 can reduce the stress generated when the power torsion spring 28 returns to the sector teeth 29.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, one end of a tool rest assembly 32 disclosed in the embodiment of fig. 10 is sleeved on a screw rod 10 through a nut, the other end of the tool rest assembly passes through a square transmission shaft 11 and a longitudinal guide rail 5 through a square transmission shaft sleeve and a sliding sleeve 33, the tool rest assembly 32 can slide up and down along the square transmission shaft 11 and the longitudinal guide rail 5, one end of a tension spring 36 is fixedly connected with a linear displacement slider 34, the other end of the tension spring is hinged with one end of a tool bar 37, the other end of the tool bar 37 is hinged with a tool head assembly, the tool head assembly comprises a rotary tool head 48 and a cutting blade 40 fixed on the rotary tool head 48 through a pressure plate, and a baffle 49 for preventing chips from flying randomly during cutting is further arranged on the rotary tool head 48; a rotary locking block 38 fixedly connected with the tool rest assembly 32 is matched with the screw rod 10 through an internal nut, one end of the rotary locking block 38 is of a ratchet structure, and a springable pawl 39 is arranged on the linear displacement slide block 34.
The embodiment also discloses a tapping method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing: the upper and lower deformable guide rails 2 of the rubber tapping machine are hooped on the rubber tree 1, and the two ends of the deformable guide rails 2 are tightened by tightening belts, so that the rubber tapping machine is fixed on a rubber tree trunk;
(2) placing a cutter: the motor 12 is started in the forward direction under the control of the PCB 14, and the power output by the motor output shaft I47 drives the cutter head assembly to rotate through the power shaft group 44 matched with the driving tooth 42; the motor output shaft II 45 outputs power to the double clutch assembly 16 and the crown gear 41 through the transmission gear set and the double coupling gear 46; the big end of the duplex teeth 46 is meshed with the double clutch assembly 16 to transmit power to the driven screw 35 which is matched with the internal thread of the linear displacement slide block 34, the driven screw 35 rotates to push out the linear displacement slide block 34, and the cutter bar 37 extends under the action of the tension spring 36 to enable the rotary cutter head to be close to rubber barks; the small tooth end of the duplex tooth 46 is meshed with the crown gear 41 to drive the square transmission shaft 11 to rotate, power is transmitted to the time delay mechanism 18 in the upper vehicle carrier 6, the time delay gear 24 on the time delay mechanism 18 rotates, the transmission gear II 26 does not move until the cutter placing process is finished, the double clutch assembly is in no-load, and the time length of the cutter placing process is just equal to the time length prolonged by the time delay mechanism;
(3) tapping: after the delay gear 24 delays, the transmission gear II 26 is driven to rotate together, the transmission gear II 26 is meshed with the screw rod end tooth 19 in the upper vehicle carrier through the transmission gear I20 so as to drive the screw rod 10 to rotate, the tool rest assembly 32 moves from bottom to top, the screw rod end tooth 19 in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier is meshed with the guide rail transmission gear 9 through the transition gear 50 so as to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear 9 in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier to move from right to left along the tooth teeth 4 on the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail, and the vectors of the two motion tracks are superposed to form a spiral rubber cutting process from right to bottom to left;
(4) retracting the cutter: after a cutting stroke is finished, the motor 12 is reversely started under the control of the PCB 14, and power output by a motor output shaft I47 drives the cutter head component to reversely rotate through a power shaft group matched with the driving tooth 42; the motor output shaft II 45 outputs power to the double-clutch assembly 16 and the crown gear 41 through the transmission gear set and the double-linkage gear 46; the big tooth end of the duplex tooth 46 is meshed with the double clutch assembly 16 to transmit power to the driven screw 35 which is in threaded fit with the linear displacement slide block 34, the driven screw 35 rotates reversely to pull back the linear displacement slide block 34, the cutter bar 37 retracts under the action of the tension spring 16 to enable the rotary cutter head to be away from rubber barks, in the pulling back process of the linear displacement slide block 34, the elastic pawl 39 on the linear displacement slide block 34 pulls one tooth on the ratchet structure of the rotary locking block 38, and the rotary locking block 38 drives the whole cutter rest assembly 32 to move downwards by one cutting unit along the screw rod 10; the small tooth end of the duplex tooth 46 is meshed with the crown gear changing 41 to drive the square transmission shaft 11 to rotate reversely, the power is transmitted to the time delay mechanism 18 in the upper vehicle carrier 6, the time delay gear 24 on the time delay mechanism 18 rotates reversely, the transmission gear II 26 is not moved until the tool retracting process is finished, the double clutch assembly 16 is unloaded, and the tool retracting process time length is just equal to the time delay time length of the time delay mechanism;
(5) and (3) return stroke: after the delay gear 24 delays, the transmission gear II 26 is driven to rotate reversely, the transmission gear II 26 is meshed with the screw rod end tooth 19 in the upper vehicle carrier through the transmission gear I20 so as to drive the screw rod 10 to rotate reversely, the tool rest assembly 32 moves from top to bottom, the screw rod end tooth 19 in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier is meshed with the guide rail transmission gear 9 through the transition gear 50 to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear 9 in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier to move from left to right along the tooth 4 on the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail, and two motion track vectors are superposed to form a spiral return stroke from top left to bottom right;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (2) - (5) until the whole tapping process is finished.
Claims (13)
1. A tapping machine is characterized in that: the tapping machine comprises an upper deformable guide rail and a lower deformable guide rail, wherein convex claws are arranged on the inner wall of each deformable guide rail, and teeth are arranged on the outer wall side of each deformable guide rail; the rubber tapping machine also comprises a longitudinal guide rail, two ends of the longitudinal guide rail are respectively fixedly connected with an upper vehicle carrying frame and a lower vehicle carrying frame, the upper vehicle carrying frame and the lower vehicle carrying frame are respectively provided with an inner groove and a limiting pin, the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail are respectively inserted into the inner grooves of the upper vehicle carrying frame and the lower vehicle carrying frame, so that guide rail transmission gears in the upper vehicle carrying frame and the lower vehicle carrying frame are meshed with teeth on the outer walls of the deformable guide rails, and the limiting pins are spanned on one side of the inner walls of the deformable guide rails; in addition, a rotatable lead screw and a square transmission shaft are arranged between the upper vehicle-mounted frame and the lower vehicle-mounted frame, a power supply for providing power for a motor and a PCB (printed circuit board) for controlling the motor to work are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper vehicle-mounted frame, a tool rest assembly is sleeved on the longitudinal guide rail, the lead screw and the square transmission shaft, the motor is arranged in the inner cavity of the tool rest assembly, two output shafts are respectively arranged at two ends of the motor, wherein the power output by the output shaft I drives the cutter disc assembly to rotate through a power shaft group matched with the driving teeth; the output shaft II outputs power to the double clutch assembly and the reversing gear through the transmission gear set and the double coupling gear; the double clutch assembly transmits power to a driven screw rod matched with the inner thread of the linear displacement slide block to control the cutter bar, the reversing gear drives the square transmission shaft to rotate, the power is transmitted to the time delay mechanism in the upper vehicle carrier frame, the time delay mechanism transmits the power to the end tooth of the lead screw through the transmission gear to drive the lead screw to rotate, and the end tooth of the lead screw is meshed with the guide rail transmission gear through the transition gear to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear in the upper vehicle carrier frame and the lower vehicle carrier frame to move along the tooth of the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail.
2. The tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a fixed rod is fixedly connected between the upper and lower carriage frames.
3. The tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a supporting plane is arranged at the lower part of the teeth on the outer wall of the deformable guide rail.
4. The tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reversing gear is a crown gear.
5. The tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power shaft group is a coaxial double-ended bevel gear.
6. The tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the delay mechanism is of a coaxial double-gear structure, wherein a delay convex surface is arranged in an inner hole of the delay gear, and a convex block matched with the delay convex surface is arranged on the surface of the transmission gear II.
7. The tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the double-clutch assembly is composed of a transmission gear III and sector teeth which are coaxial, wherein a power torsion spring is arranged in each sector tooth, and a power shifting fork is arranged on an inner hole of each sector tooth and matched with the transmission gear III, so that the transmission gear III is driven.
8. Tapping machine as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the power shifting fork is a rod-shaped structure with two parallel sides, and an angle gap is formed between the power shifting fork and the inner hole of the sector gear.
9. The tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cutter head assembly comprises a rotary cutter head and a cutting blade fixed on the rotary cutter head through a pressure plate.
10. The tapping machine as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the rotary cutter head is also provided with a baffle.
11. The tapping machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: one end of the tool rest assembly is sleeved on the screw rod through a nut, the other end of the tool rest assembly penetrates through the square transmission shaft and the longitudinal guide rail through the square transmission shaft sleeve and the sliding sleeve, the tool rest assembly can slide up and down along the square transmission shaft and the longitudinal guide rail, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the linear displacement slide block, the other end of the tension spring is hinged with one end of the tool bar, and the other end of the tool bar is hinged with the cutter head assembly; the rotary locking block fixedly connected with the tool rest assembly is matched with the screw rod through an inner nut, one end of the rotary locking block is of a ratchet structure, and the linear displacement sliding block is provided with a springable pawl.
12. A tapping method using the tapping machine according to claim 11, comprising the steps of:
(1) fixing: hooping an upper deformable guide rail and a lower deformable guide rail of the rubber tapping machine on a rubber tree, and tensioning two ends of the deformable guide rails by using a tightening belt to fix the rubber tapping machine on a rubber tree trunk;
(2) placing a cutter: the motor is started in the forward direction under the control of the PCB, and the power output by the motor output shaft I drives the cutter disc assembly to rotate through the power shaft group matched with the driving tooth; the motor output shaft II outputs power to the double clutch assembly and the reversing gear through the transmission gear set and the double coupling gear; the large tooth end of the duplex tooth is meshed with the double clutch assembly to transmit power to a driven screw rod matched with the inner thread of the linear displacement sliding block, the driven screw rod rotates to push out the linear displacement sliding block, and the cutter bar extends out under the action of a tension spring to enable the rotary cutter head to be close to rubber barks; the small tooth end of the duplex tooth is meshed with the reversing gear to drive the square transmission shaft to rotate, power is transmitted to a time delay mechanism in the upper vehicle carrier frame, the time delay gear on the time delay mechanism rotates, the transmission gear II does not move until the cutter placing process is finished, and the double clutch assembly is in no-load state;
(3) tapping: after the delay gear finishes delaying, a transmission gear II is driven to rotate together, the transmission gear II is matched with a lead screw end tooth in the upper vehicle carrier through the transmission gear I so as to drive a lead screw to rotate, the tool rest assembly moves from bottom to top, the lead screw end teeth of the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier are meshed with the guide rail transmission gear through a transition gear to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier to move from right to left along teeth on the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail, and two motion track vectors are superposed to form a spiral rubber cutting process from right to bottom to left;
(4) retracting the cutter: after a cutting stroke is finished, the motor is reversely started under the control of the PCB, and power output by the motor output shaft I drives the cutter head component to reversely rotate through the power shaft group matched with the driving tooth; the motor output shaft II outputs power to the double clutch assembly and the reversing gear through the transmission gear set and the double coupling gear; the large tooth end of the duplex tooth is meshed with the double clutch assembly to transmit power to a driven screw rod matched with the inner thread of the linear displacement sliding block, the driven screw rod rotates reversely to pull back the linear displacement sliding block, the cutter bar is retracted under the action of the tension spring to enable the rotary cutter head to be far away from rubber barks, in the process of pulling back the linear displacement sliding block, the elastic pawl on the linear displacement sliding block pulls one tooth on a ratchet structure of the rotary locking block, and the rotary locking block drives the whole cutter rest assembly to move downwards along the screw rod by one cutting unit; the small tooth end of the duplex tooth is meshed with the reversing gear to drive the square transmission shaft to rotate reversely, power is transmitted to a time delay mechanism in the upper vehicle carrying frame, the time delay gear on the time delay mechanism rotates reversely, the transmission gear II is not moved until the cutter retracting process is finished, and the double clutch assembly is in no-load state;
(5) and (3) return stroke: after the delay gear finishes delaying, the transmission gear II is driven to reversely rotate together, the transmission gear II is meshed with a lead screw end tooth in the upper vehicle carrier through the transmission gear I so as to drive the lead screw to reversely rotate, the tool rest assembly moves from top to bottom, the lead screw end teeth in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier are meshed with the guide rail transmission gear through the transition gear to synchronously drive the guide rail transmission gear in the upper vehicle carrier and the lower vehicle carrier to move from left to right along teeth on the outer wall of the upper deformable guide rail and the lower deformable guide rail, and two motion track vectors are superposed to form a spiral return stroke from left to top to right;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (2) - (5) until the whole tapping process is finished.
13. The tapping method according to claim 12, wherein: the time length of the cutter releasing process in the step (2) is equal to the time length of the delay gear delay, and the time length of the cutter retracting process in the step (4) is equal to the time length of the reverse delay of the delay gear.
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| CN114680015B (en) | 2023-07-21 |
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