CN114678691B - Low profile broadband conformal antenna element and array - Google Patents
Low profile broadband conformal antenna element and array Download PDFInfo
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- CN114678691B CN114678691B CN202210210103.5A CN202210210103A CN114678691B CN 114678691 B CN114678691 B CN 114678691B CN 202210210103 A CN202210210103 A CN 202210210103A CN 114678691 B CN114678691 B CN 114678691B
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
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- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-profile broadband conformal antenna unit and an array, the low-profile broadband conformal antenna unit comprises: a carrier having an open cavity; a cell structure comprising: rectangular, set up on the inboard surface of the cavity; the L-shaped feed unit is arranged in the cavity and comprises a gradual change type feed patch and a gradual change type feed probe which are mutually perpendicular, wherein the gradual change type feed probe is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cavity; the feed structure is arranged in the cavity and is respectively connected with the rectangular ground and the gradual change type feed probe; a radome disposed at the opening of the cavity to cover the opening, conformal with the carrier; conformal radiating element and parasitic radiating element, the interval sets up and all laminate and set up in the one side of antenna housing towards the cavity, all with the antenna housing conformal. The problems that a traditional L-shaped feed antenna is of a planar structure and is limited in working bandwidth, and the wide-angle-domain beam coverage requirement under the installation constraint of a special-shaped surface of an aircraft platform is difficult to meet are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar and broadband wireless communication, and relates to a low-profile broadband conformal antenna unit and an array, which can be applied to receiving and transmitting broadband radio frequency signals.
Background
The L-shaped feed antenna has the common advantages of miniaturization, low section, low cost, light weight and the like of the microstrip antenna, and simultaneously solves the problem of narrow bandwidth of the common microstrip antenna. The L-type feed antenna is currently generally composed of horizontal and vertical probes and a radiating patch located above the probes. The L-shaped probe vertical part and the L-shaped probe horizontal part can be coupled with the radiation patch for feeding, and the inductive reactance and the capacitive reactance generated between the L-shaped probe vertical part and the L-shaped probe horizontal part interact with each other to generate resonance, so that the antenna frequency band can be widened. Because of the above advantages, L-type probe feed antennas are widely used in communication systems. However, the conventional L-shaped feed antenna is planar in structure and limited in operating bandwidth, and it is difficult to meet the wide-angle-domain beam coverage requirement under the installation constraint of the profiled surface of the aircraft platform.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
To this end, the present invention provides a low profile broadband conformal antenna element and array.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
according to one aspect, there is provided a low-profile wideband conformal antenna unit, the low-profile wideband conformal antenna unit comprising:
a carrier having an open cavity thereon;
a cell structure, the cell structure comprising:
rectangular, the rectangular is set up on the inboard surface of the said cavity;
the L-shaped feeding unit is arranged in the cavity and comprises a gradual change type feeding patch and a gradual change type feeding probe which are mutually perpendicular, wherein the gradual change type feeding probe is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cavity;
the feed structure is arranged in the cavity and is respectively connected with the rectangular ground and the gradual change type feed probe;
a radome disposed at an opening of the cavity to cover the opening, the radome conformal with the carrier;
the antenna cover comprises a conformal radiation unit and a parasitic radiation unit, wherein the conformal radiation unit and the parasitic radiation unit are arranged at intervals and are all attached to one face, facing the cavity, of the antenna cover, and the conformal radiation unit and the parasitic radiation unit are conformal to the antenna cover and are jointly used for radiation of high-frequency electromagnetic signals.
Further, the gradual change type feed probe is the round platform structure, and the axis of round platform structure is perpendicular to the bottom surface of cavity, the top surface of round platform structure is connected with the feed structure, the bottom surface of round platform structure is connected with gradual change type feed paster, and wherein, the top surface is close to the bottom surface setting of cavity, and the top surface area is less than the bottom surface area.
Further, the gradual change type feed patch is of an isosceles trapezoid structure, one side of the isosceles trapezoid structure, where the lower bottom is located, is connected with the bottom surface of the circular truncated cone structure, and the projection of the lower bottom on the bottom surface is completely overlapped with the diameter of the bottom surface.
Further, the modified feed patch and the gradual feed probe are integrally formed.
Further, the radome is made of a wave-transparent material.
Further, the feed structure is a coaxial line feed structure and comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are coaxially arranged, wherein the inner conductor is connected with the gradual change type feed probe, and the outer conductor is connected with the rectangle.
Further, the cavity is a rectangular metal cavity, and/or projections of the conformal radiation unit and the parasitic radiation unit on the bottom surface of the cavity are rectangular.
According to another aspect, there is provided a low profile wideband conformal antenna array comprising a plurality of the low profile wideband conformal antenna elements described above.
Further, in the antenna array, the carrier of the plurality of low-profile wideband conformal antenna elements forms a unitary structure.
Further, the plurality of unit structures included in the antenna array are divided into a first group and a second group, wherein the first group comprises a plurality of unit structures, the second group also comprises a plurality of unit structures, the plurality of unit structures of the first group and the plurality of unit structures of the second group are all arranged at intervals along the first direction of the integrated structure, and the plurality of unit structures of the first group and the plurality of unit structures of the second group are also arranged at two sides of the integrated structure relatively and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
According to the technical scheme, the L-shaped feed unit comprises the feed probe and the feed patch with the gradual change structure, so that impedance matching can be improved, and the bandwidth is expanded. Meanwhile, as the antenna unit is placed in the metal cavity, the gain is increased but the standing wave condition is deteriorated, the antenna cover, namely the medium matching layer, is designed on the two radiation patches through the design unit, and the medium matching layer is conformal with the surface of the carrier, so that the standing wave condition of the antenna can be improved, the gain of the antenna in the required angle range is improved, and even if the radiation pattern of the antenna is wholly offset towards the direction of the downward azimuth angle, the gain bandwidth of the antenna is widened.
The antenna unit provided by the invention is a wide-angle-domain, high-gain and miniaturized antenna unit conformal with the surface of the carrier, meets the requirements of low standing waves, high gain and wide bandwidth in a specific lateral angle range in a required frequency band, and further constructs an antenna array based on the antenna unit, thereby laying a foundation for high-precision direction finding.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a top view of a low profile wideband conformal antenna array of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of a low profile wideband conformal antenna element of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a standing wave diagram of an L-shaped tapered probe feed conformal antenna of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows gain curves of the antenna unit of the present invention when the azimuth angle is within the range of 45 ° -135 ° and the pitch angle is selected from three angles of 75 °, 95 ° and 105 ° at the low frequency f 1.
Fig. 6 shows gain curves of the antenna unit of the present invention when the azimuth angle is within the range of 45 ° -135 ° and the pitch angle is selected from three angles of 75 °, 95 ° and 105 ° at the intermediate frequency f 2.
Fig. 7 shows gain curves of the antenna unit of the present invention when the azimuth angle is in the range of 45 ° -135 ° and the pitch angle is selected from three angles of 75 °, 95 ° and 105 ° at a high frequency f 3.
Reference numerals:
1-radome; 2-parasitic radiating elements; a 3-conformal radiating element; 4-gradual change type feed patch; 5-an integral structure; 5 a-vector; 6-gradual change type feed probes; 7-rectangular ground; 8-an outer conductor; 9-an inner conductor; 10-a cavity; 11-unit structure.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1-7, in one embodiment of the present invention, a low-profile broadband conformal antenna element is provided, the low-profile broadband conformal antenna element comprising a carrier 5a and a element structure 11, the carrier 5a having an open cavity 10 thereon; the unit structure 11 includes a rectangular ground 7, an L-shaped feeding unit, a feeding structure, a radome 1, a conformal radiating unit 3, and a parasitic radiating unit 2, the rectangular ground 7 being disposed on an inner side surface of the cavity 10; the power supply unit is arranged in the cavity 10 and comprises a gradual change type power supply patch 4 and a gradual change type power supply probe 6 which are mutually and perpendicularly arranged, wherein the gradual change type power supply probe 6 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cavity 10; the feed structure is arranged in the cavity 10 and is respectively connected with the rectangular ground 7 and the gradual change type feed probe 6; the radome 1 is arranged at the opening of the cavity 10 to cover the opening, and the radome 1 is conformal with the carrier 5 a; the conformal radiating element 3 and the parasitic radiating element 2 are arranged at intervals and are all attached to one surface of the antenna housing 1 facing the cavity 10, and the conformal radiating element 3 and the parasitic radiating element 2 are both conformal with the antenna housing 1 and are commonly used for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic signals.
For example, the cavity 10 may be a rectangular metal cavity 10, the depth of the cavity 10 may be 67.03mm, and the planar size may be 150mm by 150mm, which is used as an installation environment of the unit structure 11.
For example, the graded feed patch 4 and graded feed probe 6, the conformal radiating element 3 and the parasitic radiating element 2 are patches and are ideal conductors. Wherein the gradual change type feed probe 6 is excited by a feed structure, and the feed patch carries out coupling feed on the conformal radiation unit 3 above.
Therefore, the L-shaped feeding unit comprises the feeding probe and the feeding patch with the gradual change structure, so that impedance matching can be improved, and the bandwidth can be expanded. Meanwhile, as the antenna unit is placed in the metal cavity, the gain is increased but the standing wave condition is deteriorated, the antenna cover, namely the medium matching layer, is designed on the two radiation patches through the design unit, and the medium matching layer is conformal with the surface of the carrier, so that the standing wave condition of the antenna can be improved, the gain of the antenna in the required angle range is improved, and even if the radiation pattern of the antenna is wholly offset towards the direction of the downward azimuth angle, the gain bandwidth of the antenna is widened.
That is, the embodiment of the invention enables the antenna unit to maintain the characteristics of small size, wide frequency band and wide angle domain high gain beam coverage under the condition that the radiation unit is conformal by applying the design of the metal cavity, the feeding unit with gradual change shape, the antenna housing and the radiation unit.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to implement an L-band antenna scheme for lateral radiation, the cavity 10 is designed to be located at a side of the carrier 5a, that is, a metal cavity 10 is opened on a side of the carrier 5a, and a feeding unit and a radiating unit are disposed in the cavity 10 to form an L-type probe feeding antenna, so as to satisfy the L-band antenna scheme for implementing lateral radiation in the metal cavity 10 at the side of the carrier 5 a.
In the above embodiments, in order to better improve impedance matching, the bandwidth is better extended:
the gradual change type feed probe 6 is the round platform structure, and the axis of round platform structure is perpendicular to the bottom surface of cavity 10, the top surface of round platform structure is connected with the feed structure, the bottom surface of round platform structure is connected with gradual change type feed paster 4, and wherein, the top surface is close to the bottom surface setting of cavity 10, and the top surface area is less than the bottom surface area.
The gradual change type feed patch 4 is of an isosceles trapezoid structure, one side of the isosceles trapezoid structure, where the lower bottom is located, is connected with the bottom surface of the circular truncated cone structure, and the projection of the lower bottom on the bottom surface is completely coincident with the diameter of the bottom surface.
That is, the radius of the gradually changing type feeding probe 6 increases with increasing height along the direction away from the bottom surface of the cavity 10, and the gradually changing type feeding probe has an inverted circular truncated cone structure. The upper end of the gradual change type feed probe 6 is connected with a gradual change type feed patch 4, the width of which decreases with the increase of the length, and the gradual change type feed probe takes on an isosceles trapezoid shape. That is, the embodiment of the invention is based on the basic broadband principle of the L-shaped probe feed antenna, and the specific gradual change shapes of the gradual change type feed probe 6 and the gradual change type feed patch 4 are designed to be the position relationship, so that the impedance matching can be better improved, and the bandwidth can be better expanded.
Preferably, the modified feeding patch and the gradual feeding probe 6 are integrally formed.
In the above embodiment, in order to better improve the influence of the reflection of the metal cavity on the standing wave, the radome 1 is made of a wave-transparent material.
That is, when the periphery of the L-shaped probe feed antenna is an ideal electrical boundary, the performance of the L-shaped probe feed antenna in middle and low frequency is greatly deteriorated due to the strong reflection effect caused by the conductor boundary, and for this purpose, in the embodiment of the present invention, a layer of wave-transmitting material is added above two radiation patches to make the wave-transmitting material conformal with the surface of the carrier 5a, so as to improve the influence of the reflection of the metal cavity 10 on the standing wave, and finally, the performance of the antenna in middle and low frequency ranges is improved, and meanwhile, the performance of the antenna is improved without changing the shape of the radiation unit, and the conformal effect is realized.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the feed structure is a coaxial line feed structure comprising an inner conductor 9 and an outer conductor 8 coaxially arranged, wherein the inner conductor 9 is connected to the graded feed probe 6 and the outer conductor 8 is connected to the rectangular ground 7.
That is, the lower end of the gradual-change type feed probe 6 is connected with the inner conductor 9 for feed excitation, and the gradual-change type feed patch 4 performs coupling feed on the conformal radiation unit 3 above. The outer conductor 8 of the coaxial line feed structure is connected to the rectangular ground 7.
In the embodiment of the invention, the coaxial line feed structure comprises an inner conductor 9, an outer conductor 8 and an excitation port, wherein the outer conductor 8 depends on a rectangular ground 7 part, holes are formed in specific positions of the rectangular ground 7, the diameter of the holes is 9.2mm, and the coaxial line outer conductor 8 is connected with the rectangular ground 7. The upper end of the inner conductor 9 is connected with the lower end of the gradual change type feed probe 6, the diameter of the inner conductor 9 is 4mm, the length is 6mm, and the length is reserved for the excitation port, and the length does not affect the antenna performance. The characteristic impedance of the coaxial line feed structure is 50Ω.
Preferably, the diameter of the lower end of the gradual feed probe 6 is 4mm together with the diameter of the inner conductor 9, the diameter of the upper end of the gradual feed probe 6 is 12mm, and the height is 27.105mm. The width of the end of the gradual change type feed patch 4 connected with the gradual change type feed probe 6 is 12mm, the width of the far end is 3mm, and the length is 19mm.
Preferably, the projections of the conformal radiation unit 3 and the parasitic radiation unit 2 on the bottom surface of the cavity 10 are rectangular.
In this embodiment, the conformal radiating element 3 is an ideal conductor, and the lower part is excited by the coupling feed of the graded feed patch 4. The conformal radiation unit 3 is conformal with the radome 1, that is, the shape of the conformal radiation unit 3 is a rectangular cambered surface, the projection plane along the direction of the metal cavity 10 is rectangular, and the dimension after stretching is 55mm x 35mm.
In this embodiment, the parasitic radiating element 2 is an ideal conductor with the same level as the conformal radiating patch and a center distance of 89.5mm. The parasitic radiating element 2 is conformal with the radome 1, and is a rectangular cambered surface, and the dimension of the parasitic radiating element after stretching is 60mm x 39mm.
In addition, the size of the rectangular ground 7 in the above embodiment may be 150mm by 150mm, which may be used as a reference ground for the antenna.
As shown in fig. 1-2, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a low-profile wideband conformal antenna array is provided, which comprises a plurality of the low-profile wideband conformal antenna elements described above.
That is, the embodiment of the invention further constructs the antenna array based on the antenna unit, thereby laying a foundation for high-precision direction finding.
Preferably, in the antenna array, the carrier 5a of the plurality of low-profile wideband conformal antenna elements is a unitary structure 5.
That is, the plurality of carriers 5a of the plurality of low-profile wideband conformal antenna elements are all part of the unitary structure 5, the plurality of carriers 5a together form the unitary structure 5, and the unitary structure 5 serves as a carrier for the entire array, as shown in fig. 1-2, of a cylinder-like unitary structure 5, with a cylinder-like radius of approximately 300mm.
In the above embodiment, in order to realize the lateral antenna array, the plurality of unit structures 11 included in the antenna array are divided into the first group and the second group, wherein the first group includes the plurality of unit structures 11, the second group also includes the plurality of unit structures 11, the plurality of unit structures 11 of the first group and the plurality of unit structures 11 of the second group are each disposed at intervals along the first direction of the integrated structure 5, and the plurality of unit structures 11 of the first group and the plurality of unit structures 11 of the second group are also disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the integrated structure 5 and are disposed in one-to-one correspondence.
That is, the antenna array includes an integral structure 5, the integral structure 5 has two sets of cavities 10, each set of cavities 10 includes a plurality of cavities 10 arranged at intervals along a first direction of the integral structure 5, the two sets of cavities 10 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the integral structure 5, wherein the plurality of cavities 10 of one set of cavities 10 serve as mounting environments of a plurality of unit structures 11 of the first set, the plurality of cavities 10 of the other set of cavities 10 serve as mounting environments of a plurality of unit structures 11 of the second set, and the connection relationship is consistent with the antenna unit.
For example, the first direction may be an axial direction of the unitary structure 5.
As shown in fig. 4, the L-shaped tapered probe feed conformal antenna element of the present invention has a standing wave of less than 3.0 over a relative bandwidth of greater than 25%.
As shown in fig. 5, the L-shaped gradual change probe feed conformal antenna unit of the invention has a pitch angle range of-15 DEG to 15 DEG, an azimuth angle range of 45 DEG to 135 DEG and a minimum gain of 0.78dBi at a low frequency f 1. (the three curves are 15 degrees from top to bottom, 5 degrees from top to bottom and 15 degrees from top to bottom respectively)
As shown in fig. 6, the L-shaped gradual change probe feed conformal antenna unit of the invention has a pitch angle range of-15 DEG to 15 DEG, an azimuth angle range of 45 DEG to 135 DEG and a minimum gain of 1.82dBi at the intermediate frequency f 2. (the three curves are 15 degrees from top to bottom, 5 degrees from top to bottom and 15 degrees from top to bottom respectively)
As shown in fig. 7, the L-shaped gradual change probe feed conformal antenna unit of the invention has a pitch angle range of-15 DEG to 15 DEG, an azimuth angle range of 45 DEG to 135 DEG and a minimum gain of 0.76dBi at a high frequency f 3. (the three curves are 15 degrees from top to bottom, 5 degrees from top to bottom and 15 degrees from top to bottom respectively)
In summary, the invention aims to provide a lateral antenna which has wide angular range, high gain and miniaturization of a lateral unit and is conformal with the surface of a carrier, meets the requirements of low standing waves, high gain and wide bandwidth in a specific lateral angular range in a required frequency band, further constructs an antenna array based on the antenna, and lays a foundation for high-precision direction finding.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-profile wideband conformal antenna element, the low-profile wideband conformal antenna element comprising:
a carrier having an open metal cavity thereon;
a cell structure, the cell structure comprising:
rectangular, the rectangular is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the metal cavity;
the L-shaped feeding unit is arranged in the metal cavity and comprises a gradual change type feeding patch and a gradual change type feeding probe which are mutually perpendicular, wherein the gradual change type feeding probe is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the metal cavity;
the feeding structure is arranged in the metal cavity and is respectively connected with the rectangular ground and the gradual change type feeding probe;
a radome disposed at an opening of the metal cavity to cover the opening, the radome conformal with the carrier;
the antenna comprises antenna covers and is characterized by comprising conformal radiation units and parasitic radiation units, wherein the conformal radiation units and the parasitic radiation units are arranged at intervals and are all attached to one surface of the antenna covers, which faces to a metal cavity, and the conformal radiation units and the parasitic radiation units are conformal to the antenna covers and are jointly used for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic signals.
2. The low-profile broadband conformal antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the graded feed probe is a truncated cone structure, an axis of the truncated cone structure is perpendicular to a bottom surface of the metal cavity, a top surface of the truncated cone structure is connected with the feed structure, the bottom surface of the truncated cone structure is connected with the graded feed patch, wherein the top surface is arranged close to the bottom surface of the metal cavity, and an area of the top surface is smaller than an area of the bottom surface.
3. The low-profile broadband conformal antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein the gradual-change feed patch is of an isosceles trapezoid structure, a side of a lower base of the isosceles trapezoid structure is connected with the bottom surface of the truncated cone structure, and a projection of the lower base on the bottom surface is completely coincident with a diameter of the bottom surface.
4. A low profile broadband conformal antenna element according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said modified feed patch and said graded feed probe are integrally formed.
5. A low profile wideband conformal antenna element according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said radome is made of wave transparent material.
6. A low profile broadband conformal antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein said feed structure is a coaxial feed structure comprising an inner conductor and an outer conductor coaxially arranged, wherein said inner conductor is connected with a graded feed probe and said outer conductor is connected with a rectangular shape.
7. The low profile broadband conformal antenna element of claim 1, wherein said metal cavity is a rectangular metal cavity and/or wherein projections of said conformal radiating element and parasitic radiating element on a bottom surface of the metal cavity are both rectangular.
8. A low profile broadband conformal antenna array, wherein the low profile broadband conformal antenna array comprises a plurality of low profile broadband conformal antenna elements according to any one of claims 1-7.
9. The low profile wideband conformal antenna array according to claim 8, wherein a carrier of a plurality of low profile wideband conformal antenna elements in said antenna array forms a unitary structure.
10. The low profile broadband conformal antenna array according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of unit structures included in the antenna array are divided into a first group and a second group, wherein the first group includes the plurality of unit structures, the second group also includes the plurality of unit structures, the plurality of unit structures of the first group and the plurality of unit structures of the second group are each disposed at intervals along the first direction of the integrated structure, and the plurality of unit structures of the first group and the plurality of unit structures of the second group are also disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the integrated structure and are disposed in one-to-one correspondence.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210210103.5A CN114678691B (en) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | Low profile broadband conformal antenna element and array |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210210103.5A CN114678691B (en) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | Low profile broadband conformal antenna element and array |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114678691A CN114678691A (en) | 2022-06-28 |
| CN114678691B true CN114678691B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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| CN202210210103.5A Active CN114678691B (en) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | Low profile broadband conformal antenna element and array |
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