CN114673814A - Power lithium battery safety valve and use method thereof - Google Patents
Power lithium battery safety valve and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114673814A CN114673814A CN202210596481.1A CN202210596481A CN114673814A CN 114673814 A CN114673814 A CN 114673814A CN 202210596481 A CN202210596481 A CN 202210596481A CN 114673814 A CN114673814 A CN 114673814A
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/164—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side and remaining closed after return of the normal pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
- F16K31/041—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a power lithium battery safety valve and a using method thereof, and the power lithium battery safety valve comprises a battery compartment, a compartment cover, a valve body assembly and a driving assembly, wherein a lithium battery pack is arranged in the battery compartment; according to the invention, the circular valve hole which is communicated with the outside and the inside of the battery compartment is arranged on the compartment cover of the battery compartment, and the valve body assembly which can be driven to work by the driving assembly is arranged in the circular valve hole, so that the pressure relief and the sealing of the battery compartment are realized by controlling the valve body assembly according to the specific condition of the inside of the battery compartment, and the explosion condition is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery safety control, in particular to a power lithium battery safety valve and a using method thereof.
Background
The lithium battery can generate heat due to continuous back and forth migration of electrons in the charging and discharging process, a large amount of chemical gas can be separated out under the condition of short circuit caused by factors such as charging or discharging, impact or faults, and when the pressure reaches a certain degree or the internal short circuit of the battery is caused, sparks can combust the separated flammable gas to cause battery explosion, thus threatening the personal and property of people.
At present, the safety facilities of the power batteries produced by some manufacturers mainly use a diaphragm explosion-proof valve, when the internal pressure of the batteries reaches a certain value, the internal pressure breaks the explosion-proof diaphragm to reduce the pressure so as to achieve the aim of explosion prevention, and the safety valve cannot be recovered, so that the batteries are disabled and scrapped.
Simultaneously, most relief valves of present stage are after the battery breaks down, directly communicate the battery compartment inside with the atmosphere, and the battery is after the burning or break down, can produce a large amount of poisonous gas, causes the injury to personnel nearby easily.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the conventional safety valve of a lithium battery does not have a reset function, and aims to provide a safety valve of a power lithium battery and a using method thereof, so that the problem of explosion prevention after the lithium battery fails is solved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a power lithium battery safety valve includes:
the battery cabin is internally provided with a lithium battery pack;
the bin cover is connected with the battery bin and is provided with a circular valve hole communicated with the interior of the battery bin;
the valve body assembly is arranged in the circular valve hole and is rotationally connected with the circumferential surface of the circular valve hole, and the rotating shaft of the valve body assembly is superposed with the central axis of the circular valve hole;
and the driving assembly is arranged outside the bin cover, and a power output shaft of the driving assembly is in power connection with a torque input shaft of the valve body assembly.
Specifically, the valve body assembly includes:
the valve shaft is vertically arranged in the circular valve hole, the central axis of the valve shaft is superposed with the central axis of the circular valve hole, and the upper end of the valve shaft is in power connection with the power output shaft of the driving assembly;
the valve shaft is sleeved in the circular valve hole, the circumferential surface of the upper valve body is connected with the circular valve hole in a dynamic sealing manner, and a plurality of upper exhaust gaps penetrating through the upper side surface of the upper valve body and the lower side surface of the upper valve body are formed in the upper valve body;
the lower valve body is provided with an upper side face, a lower side face and a circumferential face, the lower side face of the upper valve body is in dynamic sealing connection and attachment with the upper side face of the lower valve body, the lower valve body is horizontally arranged in the circular valve hole and sleeved on the valve shaft, the circumferential face of the lower valve body is in dynamic sealing connection with the circular valve hole, and a plurality of lower exhaust gaps penetrating through the upper side face of the lower valve body and the lower side face of the lower valve body are formed in the lower valve body;
the valve body assembly has a venting state and a sealing state;
when the exhaust valve is in an exhaust state, the upper exhaust gap is communicated with the lower exhaust gap;
and when the air conditioner is in a sealed state, the upper exhaust gap is not communicated with the lower exhaust gap.
Specifically, the upper valve body includes:
the upper valve core cylinder is sleeved on the valve shaft and is in dynamic sealing connection with the valve shaft;
the n upper guide vanes are annularly distributed along the central axis of the upper valve core cylinder, the inner ends of the upper guide vanes are fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the upper valve core cylinder, and the upper exhaust gap is formed between every two adjacent upper guide vanes;
the lower valve body includes:
the lower valve core cylinder is sleeved on the valve shaft and is fixedly connected with the valve shaft;
the n lower guide vanes are annularly distributed along the central axis of the lower valve core cylinder, the inner ends of the lower guide vanes are fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the lower valve core cylinder, and the lower exhaust gap is formed between every two adjacent lower guide vanes;
wherein, n is not less than 3 natural number, it is in to go up the stator the projection on the side of going up of lower valve body shields the upper end opening of lower exhaust clearance, the stator is in down projection on the downside of last valve body shields the lower extreme opening of going up exhaust clearance.
Preferably, the connecting surface of the upper guide vane and the upper valve core cylinder is an upper arc spline curve which is arranged along the outer side surface of the upper valve core cylinder and is not parallel to the valve shaft, and the rotating directions of the upper arc spline curves are the same;
the connection surface of the lower guide vane and the lower valve core cylinder is a lower arc spline curve which is arranged along the outer side surface of the lower valve core cylinder and is not parallel to the valve shaft, and the rotating directions of the lower arc spline curves are the same;
the upper arc-shaped spline curve and the lower arc-shaped spline curve have the same rotating direction.
Specifically, m arc-shaped sliding grooves are formed in the upper side surface of the lower valve body, and m arc-shaped sliding edges matched with the arc-shaped sliding grooves are formed in the lower side surface of the upper valve body;
the m arc-shaped sliding grooves are coaxially arranged with the central axis of the lower valve body, the arc center angle of each arc-shaped sliding groove is 360 degrees/n, the distance between every two adjacent arc-shaped sliding grooves is equal, and m is a natural number smaller than n;
the m arc-shaped sliding edges are coaxially arranged with the central axis of the upper valve body, the arc center angle of each arc-shaped sliding edge is 180 degrees/n, and the distance between every two adjacent arc-shaped sliding edges is equal;
setting two ends of the arc-shaped sliding chute as a first end and a second end respectively;
when the exhaust valve is in an exhaust state, the arc-shaped sliding edge is abutted against the first end of the arc-shaped sliding groove;
when the arc-shaped sliding edge is in a sealing state, the arc-shaped sliding edge is abutted against the second end of the arc-shaped sliding groove;
the projection of the connecting line direction between the upper end and the lower end of the upper arc spline curve on the lower valve body is the same as the rotating direction of the connecting line direction between the second end and the first end of the arc chute.
Further, the upper valve body further comprises:
the inner ring surface of the upper circular ring is fixedly connected with the outer end of the upper guide vane, an upper ring groove matched with the upper circular ring is arranged on the inner side surface of the circular valve hole, and the upper circular ring is in dynamic sealing connection with the upper ring groove;
the lower valve body further includes:
lower ring, its interior anchor ring with the outer end fixed connection of stator down, the medial surface of circular valve opening be provided with the lower ring groove of lower ring adaptation, down the ring with the annular moves sealing connection down.
Preferably, the drive assembly comprises:
the driving motor is in power connection with the valve shaft;
and the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged in the battery bin and electrically connected with the driving motor.
In a second aspect, a method for using a safety valve of a power lithium battery is based on the safety valve of the power lithium battery, and the method includes:
setting an initial critical pressure value and a final critical pressure value of the battery compartment;
the first condition is as follows: when the pressure value of the battery compartment is detected to be smaller than the initial critical pressure value, the driving motor is controlled to drive the valve shaft to rotate, so that the arc-shaped sliding edge is abutted against the second end of the arc-shaped sliding groove, and the safety valve is in a sealed state;
case two: when the pressure value in the battery compartment is detected to be larger than the initial critical pressure value, controlling the driving motor to drive the valve shaft to rotate reversely, enabling the arc-shaped sliding edge to abut against the first end of the arc-shaped sliding groove, and enabling the safety valve to be in an exhaust state;
case three: when the pressure value of the battery compartment is detected to be larger than the final critical pressure value, the driving motor is controlled to drive the valve shaft to continuously rotate in the reverse direction, and the upper valve body and the lower valve body rotate along the rotating direction of the upper guide vane/the lower guide vane.
Specifically, the method for determining the initial critical pressure value includes:
determining the explosive shock wave front distance of lithium battery pack
：
determination of dimensionless constants from experiments
Wherein
Is the standard atmospheric pressure of the air conditioner,
determining the real speed of the explosion shock wave of the lithium battery for the distance between the center of the lithium battery pack (11) and the inner wall of the battery compartment
：
determining an initial critical pressure value
：
Specifically, the method for determining the final critical pressure value includes:
determining the combustion temperature of a lithium battery
：
determination of the adiabatic index of the final mixture
：
determining the final critical pressure
：
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the circular valve hole for communicating the outside with the inside of the battery compartment is arranged on the compartment cover of the battery compartment, and the valve body assembly capable of being driven to work by the driving assembly is arranged in the circular valve hole, so that the valve body assembly is controlled to realize the pressure relief and the sealing of the battery compartment according to the specific condition inside the battery compartment, and the explosion condition is avoided;
in addition, the invention also provides a using method, the internal condition of the battery compartment is monitored through the driving assembly, and the working state of the valve body assembly is determined according to specific conditions, so that various states such as sealing, ventilation, air exhaust and the like can be realized according to the specific conditions.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety valve of a lithium power battery according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a valve body assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an upper valve body according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lower valve body according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a valve body assembly according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for using the safety valve of the power lithium battery according to the invention.
Reference numerals: 1-a battery chamber, 11-a lithium battery pack, 2-a chamber cover, 3-a valve body assembly and 4-a pressure sensor;
31-valve shaft, 32-upper valve body, 33-lower valve body;
321-an upper exhaust gap, 322-an upper valve core cylinder, 323-an upper guide vane, 324-an arc-shaped sliding edge and 325-an upper circular ring; 331-lower exhaust gap, 332-lower valve core barrel, 333-lower guide vane, 334-arc chute and 335-lower circular ring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention.
It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the safety valve for the power lithium battery comprises a battery chamber 1, a chamber cover 2, a valve body assembly 3 and a driving assembly.
The inside of the battery compartment 1 is provided with a lithium battery pack 11, and the battery compartment 1 is responsible for fixing, sealing and protecting the lithium battery pack 11.
The bin cover 2 is connected with the battery bin 1, the bin cover 2 is provided with a circular valve hole communicated with the interior of the battery bin 1, the valve body assembly 3 is arranged in the circular valve hole, the circular valve hole is used for communicating the interior of the battery bin 1 with the exterior, the sealing or communicating function is realized through the arranged valve body assembly 3, and when the lithium battery is normally used, the valve body assembly 3 seals the circular valve hole; when the lithium cell breaks down, takes place the burning or explode, circular valve opening is not sealed to valve body assembly 3, and the gas in the battery compartment 1 can be along with circular valve opening discharge, avoids 1 internal gas pressure of battery compartment too high and leads to the explosion.
The valve body component 3 is rotationally connected with the circumferential surface of the circular valve hole, and the rotating shaft of the valve body component 3 is superposed with the central axis of the circular valve hole; the driving assembly is arranged outside the bin cover 2, and a power output shaft of the driving assembly is in power connection with a torque input shaft of the valve body assembly 3.
The valve body assembly 3 can rotate in the circular valve hole through the driving assembly, and the sealing and communication functions are realized through the rotation of the valve body assembly 3, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, so that the valve body assembly 3 comprises a valve shaft 31, an upper valve body 32 and a lower valve body 33.
The valve shaft 31 is vertically arranged in the circular valve hole, the central axis of the valve shaft 31 coincides with the central axis of the circular valve hole, the upper end of the valve shaft 31 is in power connection with the power output shaft of the driving assembly, and the valve shaft 31 is driven to rotate through the driving assembly.
Taking the orientation shown in fig. 1 as an example, the upper valve body 32 is set to have an upper side, a lower side, and a circumferential surface, and the lower valve body 33 is set to have an upper side, a lower side, and a circumferential surface.
The upper valve body 32 is horizontally arranged in the circular valve hole and sleeved on the valve shaft 31, the circumferential surface of the upper valve body 32 is in dynamic sealing connection with the circular valve hole, and a plurality of upper exhaust gaps 321 penetrating through the upper side surface of the upper valve body 32 and the lower side surface of the upper valve body 32 are arranged on the upper valve body 32;
the lower side of the upper valve body 32 is attached to the upper side of the lower valve body 33 in a dynamic sealing manner, the lower valve body 33 is horizontally arranged in the circular valve hole and is sleeved on the valve shaft 31, the circumferential surface of the lower valve body 33 is connected with the circular valve hole in a dynamic sealing manner, and the lower valve body 33 is provided with a plurality of lower exhaust gaps 331 penetrating through the upper side of the lower valve body 33 and the lower side of the lower valve body 33.
The valve rod drives the upper valve body 32 or the lower valve body 33 to rotate, so that the upper valve body 32 rotates relative to the lower valve body 33, and when the valve rod rotates to a certain position, the upper exhaust gap 321 and the lower exhaust gap 331 are overlapped and communicated; when rotated to another position, upper exhaust gap 321 and lower exhaust gap 331 do not overlap seals.
In the exhaust state, the upper exhaust gap 321 communicates with the lower exhaust gap 331, and at this time, the inside of the battery compartment 1 communicates with the outside, so that the gas inside the battery compartment 1 can be exhausted to the atmosphere.
When the battery compartment is in a sealed state, the upper exhaust gap 321 is not communicated with the lower exhaust gap 331, at the moment, the inside and the outside of the battery compartment 1 are not communicated, at the moment, the sealing performance of the battery compartment 1 can be ensured, and the battery compartment is in a conventional use state.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment explains the specific structure of the upper valve body 32 and the lower valve body 33.
The upper valve body 32 includes an upper valve core cylinder 322 and an upper guide vane 323, which may be an integral structure or a welded structure.
The upper valve core cylinder 322 is sleeved on the valve shaft 31 and is connected with the valve shaft 31 in a dynamic sealing way, i.e. the valve shaft 31 does not directly drive the upper valve body 32 to rotate when rotating.
As shown in fig. 3, n upper guide vanes 323 are annularly distributed along a central axis of the upper valve core cylinder 322, inner ends of the upper guide vanes 323 are fixedly connected with an outer side surface of the upper valve core cylinder 322, and an upper exhaust gap 321 is formed between two adjacent upper guide vanes 323.
The lower valve body 33 includes a lower valve core cylinder 332 and a lower guide vane 333, which may be an integrally formed structure or a welded structure.
The lower valve core cylinder 332 is sleeved on the valve shaft 31 and is fixedly connected with the valve shaft 31, that is, the valve shaft 31 rotates to directly drive the lower valve body 33 to rotate.
As shown in fig. 4, the n lower guide vanes 333 are annularly distributed along the central axis of the lower valve core cylinder 332, the inner ends of the lower guide vanes 333 are fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the lower valve core cylinder 332, and a lower exhaust gap 331 is formed between two adjacent lower guide vanes 333.
In order to realize the sealing relationship between the upper valve body 32 and the lower valve body 33, the upper guide vane 323, the lower guide vane 333, the upper exhaust gap 321, and the lower exhaust gap 331 need to be defined in size, that is, the upper guide vane 323 shields the upper end opening of the lower exhaust gap 331 by projection on the upper side surface of the lower valve body 33, that is, when the upper guide vane 323 and the lower guide vane 333 are arranged in a staggered manner, the upper guide vane 323 can close the lower exhaust gap 331.
The projection of the lower guide vane 333 on the lower side of the upper valve body 32 shields the lower end opening of the upper exhaust gap 321, i.e., when the upper guide vane 323 and the lower guide vane 333 are arranged in a staggered manner, the lower guide vane 333 can close the upper exhaust gap 321.
EXAMPLE III
In the second embodiment, the lower valve body 33 can be rotated to exhaust the air in the battery compartment 1, but if the batteries in the battery compartment 1 are violently burned, the generated gas is too much, the battery compartment 1 cannot be timely decompressed in a natural discharging manner, and the battery compartment 1 still can be broken, so that the second embodiment provides an impeller-type guide vane which can rotate to suck air from inside to outside into the battery compartment 1 and assist in exhausting the gas in the battery compartment 1.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4, the connection surface of the upper guide vane 323 and the upper spool cylinder 322 is an upper arc spline provided along the outer side surface of the upper spool cylinder 322 and not parallel to the valve shaft 31, and the turning directions of the plurality of upper arc splines are the same;
the connecting surface of the lower guide vane 333 and the lower valve core cylinder 332 is a lower arc spline curve which is arranged along the outer side surface of the lower valve core cylinder 332 and is not parallel to the valve shaft 31, and the rotating directions of the lower arc spline curves are the same;
that is, as shown in fig. 2, the upper arc spline curve and the lower arc spline curve have the same turning direction, and the upper guide vane 323 and the lower guide vane 333 are both rotated clockwise.
In order to generate the suction force from the inside to the outside, it is necessary to keep the upper valve body 32 and the lower valve body 33 rotating continuously, but since the upper valve body 32 is not fixed to the valve rod in the second embodiment, the upper valve body 32 cannot be directly driven to rotate by the valve rod, and this embodiment provides an indirect driving structure.
As shown in fig. 4, the upper side surface of the lower valve body 33 is provided with m arc-shaped slide grooves 334.
As shown in fig. 3, the lower side of the upper valve body 32 is provided with m arc-shaped sliding edges 324 which are matched with the arc-shaped sliding grooves 334.
The m arc-shaped sliding grooves 334 are coaxially arranged with the central axis of the lower valve body 33, the arc center angle of each arc-shaped sliding groove 334 is 360 degrees/n, and the distance between every two adjacent arc-shaped sliding grooves 334 is equal;
the m arc-shaped sliding edges 324 are arranged coaxially with the central axis of the upper valve body 32, the arc center angle of each arc-shaped sliding edge 324 is 180 degrees/n, the distance between every two adjacent arc-shaped sliding edges 324 is equal, and m is a natural number smaller than n;
that is, the arc length of the arc sliding rib 324 is half of the arc sliding groove 334, and the arc sliding rib 324 can slide in the arc sliding groove 334.
For convenience of description, two ends of the arc-shaped sliding chute are respectively set as a first end and a second end;
when the valve is in the exhaust state, the arc-shaped sliding edge 324 abuts against the first end of the arc-shaped sliding groove 334, and at this time, the lower valve body 33 can be continuously rotated, so that the arc-shaped sliding edge 324 always abuts against the first end of the arc-shaped sliding groove 334 to keep the sealing state.
In the sealing state, the arc sliding edge 324 abuts against the second end of the arc sliding groove 334, and in this state, the lower valve body 33 is continuously rotated in the reverse direction relative to the exhaust state, so that the arc sliding edge 324 abuts against the second end of the arc sliding groove 334, and a continuous acting force is applied to the upper valve body 32 through the lower valve body 33, so that the upper valve body 32 is driven by the lower valve body 33 to rotate together.
And, when the battery compartment rotates clockwise as shown in fig. 2, the projection of the connecting line direction between the upper end and the lower end of the upper arc spline curve on the lower valve body 33 is the same as the rotation direction of the connecting line direction between the second end and the first end of the arc chute 334, so that the upper guide vane 323 and the lower guide vane 333 generate a function similar to an impeller, and generate suction to the gas in the battery compartment 1 to discharge the gas.
Example four
In this embodiment, in order to ensure the connection stability between the upper valve body 32 and the lower valve body 33 and the circular valve hole, as shown in fig. 5, the upper valve body 32 further includes an upper circular ring 325, an inner annular surface of the upper circular ring 325 is fixedly connected with an outer end of the upper guide vane 323, an upper annular groove adapted to the upper circular ring 325 is disposed on an inner side surface of the circular valve hole, and the upper circular ring 325 is in dynamic sealing connection with the upper annular groove;
the lower valve body 33 further comprises a lower circular ring 335, the inner annular surface of the lower circular ring 335 is fixedly connected with the outer end of the lower guide vane 333, a lower circular groove matched with the lower circular ring 335 is formed in the inner side surface of the circular valve hole, and the lower circular ring 335 is in dynamic sealing connection with the lower circular groove.
In addition, the driving assembly comprises a driving motor in power connection with the valve shaft 31, and a pressure sensor 4 and a temperature sensor which are arranged in the battery compartment 1 and electrically connected with the driving motor.
The driving motor can rotate forward and backward, the power supply of the driving motor and the lithium battery pack 11 in the battery compartment 1 are different in source, and the driving motor can work normally after the lithium battery pack 11 breaks down.
And, set up the control center, realize the control to the driving motor through pressure sensor 4 and temperature sensor.
EXAMPLE five
The embodiment provides a use method of a power lithium battery safety valve, which is based on the power lithium battery safety valve and runs inside a driving assembly, and the method comprises the following steps:
setting an initial critical pressure value and a final critical pressure value of the battery compartment 1;
the initial critical pressure value is a smaller pressure value, the effect of the initial critical pressure value is that the battery compartment 1 is internally faulted, and the air exhaust operation is needed, but the air pressure value in the battery compartment 1 is crossed, and the air exhaust operation is not needed to be realized by rotating the valve body assembly 3.
The final critical pressure value is a larger pressure value, which has the effect that a serious fault occurs inside the battery compartment 1, the air pressure value rises sharply, if the air is not exhausted in an auxiliary manner, the battery compartment 1 may be damaged or exploded, and the air needs to be exhausted in an auxiliary manner by rotating the valve body assembly 3.
As shown in fig. 6, there are three corresponding cases according to the two pressure values.
The first condition is as follows: when the pressure value of the battery bin 1 is detected to be smaller than the initial critical pressure value, the driving motor is controlled to drive the valve shaft 31 to rotate, so that the arc-shaped sliding edge 324 abuts against the second end of the arc-shaped sliding groove 334, and the safety valve is in a sealing state; i.e., a sealed state, can be normally used.
Case two: when the pressure value in the battery compartment 1 is detected to be larger than the initial critical pressure value and smaller than the final critical pressure value, the driving motor is controlled to drive the valve shaft 31 to rotate reversely, so that the arc-shaped sliding edge 324 abuts against the first end of the arc-shaped sliding groove 334, and the safety valve is in an exhaust state; at this time, the inside of the battery case 1 communicates with the outside, and exhaust is generated.
Case three: when the pressure value of the battery compartment 1 is detected to be larger than the final critical pressure value, the driving motor is controlled to drive the valve shaft 31 to rotate continuously in the reverse direction, and the upper valve body 32 and the lower valve body 33 rotate along the rotating direction of the upper guide vane 323/the lower guide vane 333. At the moment, the valve body assembly 3 is similar to an impeller and used for exhausting air inside the battery compartment 1.
The first condition, the second condition and the third condition can be flexibly converted according to specific pressure values.
Under the condition of avoiding the damage of the battery compartment 1, the toxic gas generated by the combustion or explosion of the battery can be avoided to be discharged into the air as much as possible.
EXAMPLE six
This example determines the pressure value in example five.
The method for determining the initial critical pressure value comprises the following steps:
the detonation wave generated by explosion is propagated linearly, the reaction time is ms magnitude, and the explosion shock wave front distance of the lithium battery pack 11 is determined
：
a standard lithium battery is set, a plurality of standard lithium batteries form a lithium battery pack 11, air shock waves are generated by compressing surrounding air due to rapid expansion of explosion products at high temperature, shock wave front motion rules are analyzed by a quantitative theory to obtain shock wave front motion functions, the motion functions are solved, and dimensionless constants can be obtained. The final calculation result is directly given in the embodiment.
Determination of dimensionless constants from experiments
Wherein
Is the standard atmospheric pressure, and the air pressure is the standard atmospheric pressure,
the distance between the center of the lithium battery pack (11) and the inner wall of the battery bin is set;
determining the true velocity of a lithium battery blast shock wave
：
determining an initial critical pressure value
：
The method for determining the final critical pressure value comprises the following steps:
determining the combustion temperature of a lithium battery
：
and (4) carrying out numerical solution on the above formula by adopting a Newton iteration method, and obtaining adiabatic coefficients, combustion temperatures and the like under different component ratios by the solution.
Determination of the adiabatic index of the final mixture
：
the resulting structure is brought into the following formula to determine the final critical pressure
：
EXAMPLE seven
A control assembly of a using method of a safety valve of a power lithium battery comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, and the steps of the antenna interface unit testing method are realized when the processor executes the computer program.
The memory may be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor may execute various functional applications of the terminal and data processing by operating the software programs and modules stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an execution program required for at least one function, and the like.
The storage data area may store data created according to the use of the terminal, and the like. Further, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for using a safety valve for a lithium-ion power battery as described above.
Without loss of generality, computer readable media may comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instruction data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media includes RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other solid state memory technology, CD-ROM, DVD, or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that computer storage media is not limited to the foregoing. The system memory and mass storage devices described above may be collectively referred to as memory.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/mode," "some embodiments/modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/mode or example is included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to be the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/aspects or examples and features of the various embodiments/aspects or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the above invention and still be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A power lithium battery safety valve, characterized by comprising:
the battery cabin (1) is internally provided with a lithium battery pack (11);
the bin cover (2) is connected with the battery bin (1), and a circular valve hole communicated with the interior of the battery bin (1) is formed in the bin cover (2);
the valve body assembly (3) is arranged in the circular valve hole and is rotationally connected with the circumferential surface of the circular valve hole, and the rotating shaft of the valve body assembly (3) is superposed with the central axis of the circular valve hole;
and the driving assembly is arranged outside the bin cover (2), and a power output shaft of the driving assembly is in power connection with a torque input shaft of the valve body assembly (3).
2. A lithium-ion battery safety valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve body assembly (3) comprises:
the valve shaft (31) is vertically arranged in the circular valve hole, the central axis of the valve shaft (31) is superposed with the central axis of the circular valve hole, and the upper end of the valve shaft (31) is in power connection with the power output shaft of the driving assembly;
the valve shaft (31) is sleeved with the upper valve body (32), the circumferential surface of the upper valve body (32) is in dynamic sealing connection with the circular valve hole, and a plurality of upper exhaust gaps (321) penetrating through the upper side surface of the upper valve body (32) and the lower side surface of the upper valve body (32) are formed in the upper valve body (32);
the lower valve body (33) is provided with an upper side face, a lower side face and a circumferential face, the lower side face of the upper valve body (32) is in dynamic sealing connection and attachment with the upper side face of the lower valve body (33), the lower valve body (33) is horizontally arranged in the circular valve hole and sleeved on the valve shaft (31), the circumferential face of the lower valve body (33) is in dynamic sealing connection with the circular valve hole, and a plurality of lower exhaust gaps (331) penetrating through the upper side face of the lower valve body (33) and the lower side face of the lower valve body (33) are formed in the lower valve body (33);
the valve body assembly (3) has a venting state and a sealing state;
when in an exhaust state, the upper exhaust gap (321) is communicated with the lower exhaust gap (331);
when in a sealing state, the upper exhaust gap (321) is not communicated with the lower exhaust gap (331).
3. A lithium-ion battery safety valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper valve body (32) comprises:
an upper valve core cylinder (322) which is sleeved on the valve shaft (31) and is connected with the valve shaft (31) in a dynamic sealing way;
the n upper guide vanes (323) are distributed annularly along the central axis of the upper valve core cylinder (322), the inner ends of the upper guide vanes (323) are fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the upper valve core cylinder (322), and the upper exhaust gap (321) is formed between every two adjacent upper guide vanes (323);
the lower valve body (33) includes:
a lower valve core cylinder (332) which is sleeved on the valve shaft (31) and is fixedly connected with the valve shaft (31);
the n lower guide vanes (333) are distributed annularly along the central axis of the lower valve core cylinder (332), the inner ends of the lower guide vanes (333) are fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the lower valve core cylinder (332), and the lower exhaust gap (331) is formed between every two adjacent lower guide vanes (333);
wherein n is a natural number not less than 3, the projection of the upper guide vane (323) on the upper side surface of the lower valve body (33) shields the upper end opening of the lower exhaust gap (331), and the projection of the lower guide vane (333) on the lower side surface of the upper valve body (32) shields the lower end opening of the upper exhaust gap (321).
4. The safety valve for lithium-ion battery according to claim 3, wherein the connecting surface of the upper guide vane (323) and the upper valve core cylinder (322) is an upper arc spline curve which is arranged along the outer side surface of the upper valve core cylinder (322) and is not parallel to the valve shaft (31), and the turning directions of the upper arc spline curves are the same;
the connecting surface of the lower guide vane (333) and the lower valve core cylinder (332) is a lower arc spline curve which is arranged along the outer side surface of the lower valve core cylinder (332) and is not parallel to the valve shaft (31), and the rotating directions of the lower arc spline curves are the same;
the upper arc-shaped spline curve and the lower arc-shaped spline curve have the same rotating direction.
5. The safety valve for lithium battery according to claim 4, wherein the upper side of the lower valve body (33) is provided with m arc-shaped sliding grooves (334), and the lower side of the upper valve body (32) is provided with m arc-shaped sliding edges (324) matched with the arc-shaped sliding grooves (334);
the m arc-shaped sliding grooves (334) are coaxially arranged with the central axis of the lower valve body (33), the arc center angle of each arc-shaped sliding groove (334) is 360 degrees/n, and the distance between every two adjacent arc-shaped sliding grooves (334) is equal;
the m arc-shaped sliding edges (324) are coaxially arranged with the central axis of the upper valve body (32), the arc center angle of each arc-shaped sliding edge (324) is 180 degrees/n, the distance between every two adjacent arc-shaped sliding edges (324) is equal, and m is a natural number smaller than n;
setting two ends of the arc-shaped sliding groove (334) as a first end and a second end respectively;
when the exhaust valve is in an exhaust state, the arc-shaped sliding edge (324) is abutted against the first end of the arc-shaped sliding groove (334);
when in a sealing state, the arc-shaped sliding edge (324) abuts against the second end of the arc-shaped sliding groove (334);
the projection of the connecting line direction between the upper end and the lower end of the upper arc spline curve on the lower valve body (33) is the same as the rotating direction of the connecting line direction between the second end and the first end of the arc chute (334).
6. A lithium-ion battery safety valve according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper valve body (32) further comprises:
the inner ring surface of the upper circular ring (325) is fixedly connected with the outer end of the upper guide vane (323), an upper ring groove matched with the upper circular ring (325) is arranged on the inner side surface of the circular valve hole, and the upper circular ring (325) is in dynamic sealing connection with the upper ring groove;
the lower valve body (33) further includes:
lower ring (335), its interior anchor ring with the outer end fixed connection of stator (333) down, the medial surface of circular valve hole be provided with the lower annular of lower ring (335) adaptation, lower ring (335) with annular moves the sealing connection down.
7. The safety valve for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 5, wherein the driving assembly comprises:
a drive motor in power connection with the valve shaft (31);
the pressure sensor (4) and the temperature sensor are arranged in the battery compartment (1) and electrically connected with the driving motor.
8. A method for using a safety valve of a lithium power battery, based on the safety valve of claim 7, the method comprising:
setting an initial critical pressure value and a final critical pressure value of the battery compartment (1);
the first condition is as follows: when the pressure value of the battery compartment (1) is detected to be smaller than the initial critical pressure value, the driving motor is controlled to drive the valve shaft (31) to rotate, so that the arc-shaped sliding edge (324) is abutted against the second end of the arc-shaped sliding groove (334), and the safety valve is in a sealing state;
and a second condition: when the pressure value in the battery compartment (1) is detected to be larger than the initial critical pressure value, controlling the driving motor to drive the valve shaft (31) to rotate reversely, enabling the arc-shaped sliding edge (324) to abut against the first end of the arc-shaped sliding groove (334), and enabling the safety valve to be in an exhaust state;
case three: when the pressure value of the battery compartment (1) is detected to be larger than the final critical pressure value, the driving motor is controlled to drive the valve shaft (31) to rotate continuously in the reverse direction, and the upper valve body (32) and the lower valve body (33) rotate along the rotating direction of the upper guide vane (323)/the lower guide vane (333).
9. The method for using the safety valve of the lithium power battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method for determining the initial critical pressure value comprises the following steps:
determining the explosive shock wave front distance of a lithium battery pack (11)
：
determination of dimensionless constants from experiments
Wherein
Is the standard atmospheric pressure, and the air pressure is the standard atmospheric pressure,
the distance between the center of the lithium battery pack (11) and the inner wall of the battery bin is set;
determining the true velocity of a lithium battery blast shock wave
：
determining an initial critical pressure value
：
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the final critical pressure value is determined by a method comprising:
determining the combustion temperature of a lithium battery
：
determination of the adiabatic index of the final mixture
：
determining the final critical pressure
：
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024075914A1 (en) * | 2022-10-06 | 2024-04-11 | 삼성에스디아이(주) | Secondary battery |
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Effective date of registration: 20231129 Address after: 315400 North Ring Road, Yuyao City, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, No. 6 Patentee after: ZHEJIANG GBS ENERGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 230000 floor 1, building 2, phase I, e-commerce Park, Jinggang Road, Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: Dragon totem Technology (Hefei) Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20231129 Address after: 230000 floor 1, building 2, phase I, e-commerce Park, Jinggang Road, Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Dragon totem Technology (Hefei) Co.,Ltd. Address before: Baishi Village, west suburb, Cuiping District, Yibin City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: YIBIN VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL College |