CN114672885A - Waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing and silk floss processing method - Google Patents
Waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing and silk floss processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114672885A CN114672885A CN202210276608.1A CN202210276608A CN114672885A CN 114672885 A CN114672885 A CN 114672885A CN 202210276608 A CN202210276608 A CN 202210276608A CN 114672885 A CN114672885 A CN 114672885A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B7/00—Obtaining silk fibres or filaments
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, which is communicated with a heating system of a baking room, wherein the heating system is communicated with a boiler air supply system, and silk floss is placed in the baking room for drying; the waste heat system includes: the waste gas pipeline is communicated with a heating system of the curing barn; the waste gas recovery device comprises a reservoir and an air inlet pipe, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the reservoir, cold water is added into the water inlet, one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the waste gas pipeline, the other end of the air inlet pipe extends to the position below the liquid level of the reservoir, and gas passing through the air inlet pipe heats liquid in the reservoir; and the beating cotton water supply pipe is communicated with a water outlet of the water storage tank, and hot water is discharged from the water outlet of the water storage tank. The waste heat recovery system saves the capacity and reduces the production cost. The prepared silk cotton has the advantages of good strength, filling power, luster, no peculiar smell, long service life and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of silkworm cocoon processing, in particular to a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing and a silk floss processing method.
Background
The mulberry silk is composed of two parts of fibroin and sericin, wherein the fibroin molecular structure is orderly arranged, and the linear structure is better. The sericin component is positioned on the outer layer of the mulberry silk, takes a spherical protein structure as a main part, has irregular molecular chain arrangement and small mutual acting force, and is easy to dissolve and remove under the high-temperature alkaline condition. At present, mulberry silk is used for preparing silk clothes on one hand and processing silk quilts on the other hand. In the processing of the silk quilt, the mulberry cocoon is sequentially processed by cocoon cooking, cocoon peeling and opening, and then the silk floss raw material required by the silk quilt can be obtained. In the existing silk floss processing method, various chemical reagents are needed in the processing process, and the chemical reagents remain on the silk floss after processing, which can affect the service life of the silk floss.
The silk floss needs to be dried in the processing process, the currently used method is generally to place the silk floss needing to be dried in a drying room, the drying effect of the silk floss is realized by introducing hot air into the drying room, and when the hot air is provided for the silk floss, hot air supply equipment needs to be connected, and the equipment needs to consume a large amount of energy when the hot air is provided for the drying room. The silk floss drying is to continuously introduce steam into the silk floss baking room, and the baking process cannot completely exhaust all steam, so that the heat is not fully utilized in the discharging process, and the problem of waste exists.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for processing silk floss, thereby overcoming the defects that chemical reagents are remained on the silk floss after the silk floss is processed, the service life of the silk floss is shortened, and the like.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, which can fully utilize waste heat generated in the production process of silk floss, reduce energy consumption and reduce cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for processing silk floss, which uses the equipment for processing silk floss to process, and comprises the following steps:
(1) cocoon cooking, namely removing impurities from the screened mulberry silkworm cocoons, and then cooking the cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is performed in an alkaline solution;
(2) soaking the silkworm cocoons in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the treating agent comprises active enzyme, a tea bran solution and a surfactant;
(3) and (3) placing the silkworm cocoons in the step (2) in a cotton beating machine for beating cotton, cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets in a cotton boiling liquid for boiling cotton for a period of time, rinsing and dehydrating the cotton sheets, and placing the cotton sheets in a drying room for drying to obtain silk cotton.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the pH value of the alkaline solution in step (1) is 8.5-9, the cocoon cooking time is 30-60min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 90-100 ℃.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the active enzyme in step (2) is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the silkworm cocoon is 0.1-0.3: 1;
preferably, in the technical scheme, the tea bran solution contains 5-15% by mass of tea bran, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the silkworm cocoons is 10-15: 1;
preferably, in the above technical scheme, the surfactant includes one or two of sodium dodecyl sulfate and fatty glyceride, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the silkworm cocoons is 0.01-0.1: 1.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the bath ratio of the silkworm cocoon and the treating agent solution in the step (2) is 1:10-30, the soaking time is 1-5h, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the step (3) of cotton boiling is to place the cotton piece in a pure alkaline solution and boil for 1-2h at a constant temperature of 90-95 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the cotton piece to the pure alkali is 150:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton piece to the pure alkali solution is 1: 10-20.
The invention provides a waste heat recovery system for processing silk floss, which is used for processing the silk floss; the waste heat recovery system is communicated with a heating system of the baking room, the heating system is communicated with a boiler air supply system, and the silk floss is placed in the baking room for drying; the waste heat system includes: the waste gas pipeline is communicated with a heating system of the curing barn; the waste gas recovery device comprises a reservoir and an air inlet pipe, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the reservoir, cold water is added into the water inlet, one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the waste gas pipeline, the other end of the air inlet pipe extends to the position below the liquid level of the reservoir, and gas passing through the air inlet pipe heats liquid in the reservoir; and the cotton beating water supply pipe is communicated with a water outlet of the water storage tank, and hot water is discharged from the water outlet of the water storage tank to provide hot water for a cotton beating workshop.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the air inlet pipe includes a plurality of air inlet pipes, wherein the air outlet of at least one of the air inlet pipes is close to the bottom of the reservoir, and the air outlet of at least one of the air inlet pipes is located in the middle of the reservoir.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, a control valve is provided on the intake pipe.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, at least one of the air inlet pipes is communicated with a heating coil, and the heating coil is arranged close to the inner wall of the water storage tank.
The equipment for processing the silk floss uses the waste heat recovery system for processing the silk floss, the equipment comprises a cotton beating machine, the cotton beating machine is communicated with a hot water outlet of the waste heat recovery system, the cotton beating machine is connected with an alkali feeding device, and the alkali feeding device comprises: the tank body is used for mixing alkali liquor and is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a stirring shaft is arranged in the tank body; and one end of the conveying pipe is connected with the discharge port of the tank body, the other end of the conveying pipe extends to the cotton beating cavity of the cotton beating machine and is used for conveying alkali liquor, and a metering device and a control valve are arranged on the conveying pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The silk floss processing method of the invention firstly boils the cocoons to moisten the silkworm cocoons, then uses the treating agent to soak the mulberry silkworm cocoons, carries out degumming treatment on the silkworm cocoons, adopts proper treating agent solution to carry out degumming, and can carry out efficient degumming, degreasing and impurity removal. The prepared silk cotton has the advantages of good strength, fluffiness, good luster, no peculiar smell, no chemical agent residue, long service life and the like.
(2) The invention relates to a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, wherein a boiler supplies air to a baking room and dries silk floss in the baking room, the silk floss is continuously dried by introducing steam into the silk floss baking room, all steam cannot be completely exhausted in the baking process, a heating system of the baking room discharges residual steam, the steam enters a water storage tank through a waste gas pipeline and heats cold water in the water storage tank, and the heated hot water is conveyed into a temperature control barrel of a silk floss beating workshop to be used for operating a silk floss beating machine. The waste heat recovery system can fully generate steam by the boiler, save the capacity and reduce the production cost.
(3) According to the equipment for processing silk floss, the automatic alkali adding device is arranged on the cotton beating machine, the alkali adding device is communicated with the cotton beating machine through the conveying pipe and is used for conveying alkali liquor for the cotton beating machine, the concentration of the alkali liquor is adjusted in the tank body of the alkali adding device according to the production process requirements, when the alkali liquor is required, the control valve is directly opened, the adding amount is monitored through the meter, and the adding amount of the flake alkali can be accurately controlled. The efficiency of system silk floss is improved, the fibre of protection silk floss, the quality is more even.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a silk floss processing apparatus according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, according to the waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing of the embodiment of the invention, the waste heat recovery system is communicated with a heating system of a baking room, the heating system is communicated with an air supply system of a boiler, and silk floss is processed and then placed in the baking room for drying. The boiler is used for supplying gas to a boiler, and the gas is combustion materials which can generate hot gas by burning wood, particles, coal or coal gas and the like. The hot gas generated by the boiler is conveyed into a heating system of a silk floss baking room through a pipeline, and the heating system is changed into a conventional baking room heating system. And reducing the water content of the silk floss through heat, and drying the silk floss. During the baking period of silk floss, hot air is required to be supplied continuously, and the continuous air supply can ensure the high temperature of the baking room. And the whole baking process cannot completely exhaust all the steam, and the residual steam is discharged to enter a waste heat recovery system for waste heat recovery.
The waste heat recovery system comprises a waste gas pipeline 1, a waste gas recovery device 2 and a cotton beating water supply pipe 3. The waste gas pipeline 1 is communicated with a heating system of the curing barn, the heating system discharges residual steam, and the steam enters the waste gas recovery device 2 through the waste gas pipeline 1. The exhaust gas recovery device 2 comprises a water reservoir 21 and an air inlet pipe 22, wherein the water reservoir 21 is used for containing water and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet 212, the water inlet is provided with a water inlet pipe 211, and cold water enters the water reservoir 21 from the water inlet pipe 211. One end of the inlet pipe 22 is connected to the exhaust gas pipe 1, and the other end extends below the liquid level of the reservoir 21, so that the steam delivered through the inlet pipe 22 heats the water in the reservoir. After heating to boiling, the boiling water is discharged through the water outlet 212 and enters the pumping water supply pipe 3. Preferably, the water outlet 212 is located at the bottom of the reservoir 21 to drain as much boiling water as possible from the reservoir 21. The cotton beating water supply pipe 3 is connected with a temperature control barrel 5 in a cotton beating workshop and is used for operating a cotton beating machine in the cotton beating workshop.
The working process of the waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing comprises the following steps:
(1) boiler gas supply: the amount of wood required to produce 10 tons of hot gas using a boiler burning wood or pellets is about 2 tons, which is equivalent to about 1 ton of pellets.
(2) Baking silk floss: the hot gas generated by the boiler is conveyed into the silk floss baking room through a pipeline, and S-shaped surrounding pipelines are distributed at the bottom of the silk floss baking room so as to fully release the heat generated by the hot gas passing through the silk floss baking room and provide the heat to the silk floss baking room for baking the silk floss. The silk floss is continuously baked for 6 hours at the high temperature of 80 ℃, and the water content of the silk floss can be reduced to 8%. During this time 8 tons of steam were consumed, the remaining 2 tons of steam.
(3) Removal of remaining vapors: since the gas supply during the baking of floss silk is continuous and the baking process does not fully utilize all the steam, 2 tons of steam are discharged. Meanwhile, the continuous air supply can also ensure the high temperature of the baking room.
(4) And (3) steam recovery: the steam was discharged through a pipe into a water storage tank having a diameter of 1.5 m and a height of 1.7 m. The water storage barrel is made of aluminum alloy and is provided with a tap, and about 1.8-1.9 tons of cold water should be stored before each start-up.
(5) Steam treatment: when the silk floss is baked for 6 hours, the high-temperature steam is cold water in the water storage barrel and is continuously heated for 6 hours, and the water temperature in the barrel can be increased to about 100 ℃.
(6) Resource utilization: after the water is heated to about 100 ℃, 2 tons of boiling water are conveyed into a temperature control barrel in a cotton beating workshop through a pipeline with the diameter of 100mm at the bottom of a water storage barrel to be used for operating a cotton beating machine.
Preferably, the air inlet pipe 22 comprises a plurality of air inlet pipes, and 3 air inlet pipes, namely air inlet pipes 221, 222 and 223, are provided in the embodiment, each air inlet pipe is provided with a control valve 23, and the air inlet pipe 221 and the air inlet pipe 222 are located in the middle of the water reservoir. Wherein, the air outlet of the air inlet pipe 221 is arranged near the bottom of the water reservoir 21, and the air outlet of the air inlet pipe 222 is arranged at the middle section of the water reservoir 21. The air outlets with different heights are arranged at different heights of the reservoir 21, so that water in the reservoir 21 can be heated, and the water body is uniformly heated. When the water level in the water storage tank is low, the water can be heated only through one air inlet pipe under the control of the control valve 23.
Preferably, the inlet pipe 223 communicates with a heating coil 24, the heating coil 24 being disposed adjacent to an inner wall of the reservoir 21. The heating coil 24 spirals from top to bottom with the air outlet located near the bottom of the reservoir 21. The water body at the edge of the reservoir 21 is heated by the heating coil 24, so that the water in the reservoir 21 is uniformly heated.
The waste heat recovery system is used for processing the silk floss, the equipment comprises a silk floss beating machine, the used silk floss beating machine is a conventional silk floss beating machine for processing the silk floss, and the conventional silk floss beating machine comprises a silk floss beating cavity for containing alkaline solution to soak the mulberry silkworm cocoons. When the mulberry silkworm cocoon is processed, the concentration of the alkaline solution in the cotton beating machine needs to be monitored, and caustic soda flakes are added to adjust the concentration of the alkaline solution in the cotton beating machine according to the process requirements in the operation and processing process of equipment. The cotton beating machine is connected with an alkali feeding device, the alkali feeding device 4 comprises a tank body 41 and a conveying pipe 42, the tank body 41 is used for mixing alkali liquor and is provided with a feeding hole 411 and a discharging hole 412, and a stirring shaft 413 is arranged in the tank body 41. The flake caustic soda and the water are measured and put into the tank body 41 through the feeding port 411, and are stirred through the stirring shaft 413 to be adjusted to the proper concentration of the caustic soda for later use. The discharge port 412 of the tank body 41 is provided with a conveying pipe 42, and the other end of the conveying pipe 42 extends to a cotton beating cavity of the cotton beating machine to convey alkali liquor for the cotton beating machine. The delivery pipe 42 is provided with a meter 421 for measuring the addition amount of the alkali liquor and a control valve 422 for controlling the discharge of the alkali liquor.
The automatic alkali feeding device is installed on the cotton beating machine and is communicated with the cotton beating machine through the conveying pipe, the alkali liquor concentration is adjusted in a tank body of the alkali feeding device according to the production process requirements, when the alkali liquor concentration is needed, the control valve is directly opened, the feeding amount of the caustic soda flakes can be accurately controlled by monitoring the feeding amount through the meter. The efficiency of system silk floss is improved, the fibre of protection silk floss, the quality is more even.
Example 1
A method for processing silk floss uses the equipment for processing silk floss to process, comprising the following steps:
(1) cocoon cooking, namely removing impurities from the screened mulberry silkworm cocoons, and then cooking the cocoons, wherein the cocoon cooking is to cook the cocoons in an alkaline solution, the pH value of the alkaline solution for cocoon cooking is 8.8, the cocoon cooking time is 40min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 95 ℃;
(2) and (2) soaking the silkworm cocoons in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:20, the soaking time is 3 hours, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
The treating agent comprises active enzyme, tea bran solution and surfactant; the active enzyme is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry silkworm cocoon is 0.2: 1;
The tea bran solution comprises 10% by mass of tea bran, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the silkworm cocoons is 13: 1;
the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the silkworm cocoons is 0.05: 1.
(3) Placing the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) in a cotton beating machine for beating cotton, then cutting and placing the cotton sheets into a cotton boiling liquid for boiling cotton for a period of time, wherein the step of boiling cotton is to place the cotton sheets in a pure alkaline solution and boil the cotton sheets for 1.5h under the condition of constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali is 130:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali solution is 1: 15. Then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain the silk floss.
Example 2
A method for processing silk floss by using the equipment for processing silk floss comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling cocoons, namely removing impurities from the screened mulberry silkworm cocoons, and boiling the cocoons in an alkaline solution, wherein the pH value of the alkaline solution for boiling the cocoons is 8.5, the cocoon boiling time is 60min, and the cocoon boiling temperature is 90 ℃;
(2) and (2) soaking the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the mulberry silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:10, the soaking time is 5 hours, and the soaking temperature is 45 ℃.
The treating agent comprises active enzyme, tea bran solution and surfactant; the active enzyme is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry silkworm cocoon is 0.1: 1;
The tea bran solution comprises 5% of tea bran by mass, and the mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 15: 1;
the surfactant comprises fatty glyceride, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.01: 1.
(3) Placing the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) in a cotton beating machine for beating cotton, then cutting and taking the cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets in a cotton boiling liquid for boiling cotton for a period of time, wherein the cotton boiling is to place the cotton sheets in a pure alkaline solution, boiling for 1h at the constant temperature of 95 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali is 100:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali solution is 1: 10. Then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain the silk floss.
Example 3
A method for processing silk floss by using the equipment for processing silk floss comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling cocoons, namely removing impurities from the screened mulberry silkworm cocoons, and boiling the cocoons in an alkaline solution, wherein the pH value of the alkaline solution for boiling the cocoons is 9, the cocoon boiling time is 30min, and the cocoon boiling temperature is 100 ℃;
(2) and (2) soaking the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the mulberry silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:30, the soaking time is 1h, and the soaking temperature is 50 ℃.
The treating agent comprises active enzyme, tea bran solution and surfactant; the active enzyme is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry silkworm cocoon is 0.3: 1;
The tea bran solution comprises 15% of tea bran by mass, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the silkworm cocoons is 10: 1;
the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the silkworm cocoons is 0.1: 1.
(3) Placing the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) in a cotton beating machine for beating cotton, then cutting and taking the cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets in a cotton boiling liquid for boiling cotton for a period of time, wherein the cotton boiling is to place the cotton sheets in a pure alkaline solution, boiling for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkaline solution is 150:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkaline solution is 1: 20. Then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain the silk floss.
Comparative example 1
A method for processing silk floss by using the equipment for processing silk floss comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling cocoons, namely removing impurities from the screened mulberry silkworm cocoons, and boiling the cocoons in an alkaline solution, wherein the pH value of the alkaline solution for boiling the cocoons is 8.8, the cocoon boiling time is 40min, and the cocoon boiling temperature is 95 ℃;
(2) placing the mulberry silkworm cocoons in the step (1) in a cotton beating machine for beating cotton, then cutting and placing the cotton sheets into a cotton boiling liquid for boiling cotton for a period of time, wherein the step of boiling cotton is to place the cotton sheets in a pure alkaline solution and boil the cotton sheets for 1.5h under the condition of constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali is 130:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali solution is 1: 15. Then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain the silk floss.
Comparative example 2
A method for processing silk floss by using the equipment for processing silk floss comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling cocoons, namely removing impurities from the screened mulberry silkworm cocoons, and boiling the cocoons in an alkaline solution, wherein the pH value of the alkaline solution for boiling the cocoons is 8.8, the cocoon boiling time is 40min, and the cocoon boiling temperature is 95 ℃;
(2) and (2) soaking the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the mulberry silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:20, the soaking time is 3 hours, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
The treating agent comprises active enzyme and surfactant; the active enzyme is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry silkworm cocoon is 0.2: 1;
the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoon is 0.05: 1.
(3) Placing the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) in a cotton beating machine for beating cotton, then cutting and placing the cotton sheets into a cotton boiling liquid for boiling cotton for a period of time, wherein the step of boiling cotton is to place the cotton sheets in a pure alkaline solution and boil the cotton sheets for 1.5h under the condition of constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali is 130:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali solution is 1: 15. Then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain the silk floss.
Comparative example 3
A method for processing silk floss uses the equipment for processing silk floss to process, comprising the following steps:
(1) boiling cocoons, namely removing impurities from the screened mulberry silkworm cocoons, and boiling the cocoons in an alkaline solution, wherein the pH value of the alkaline solution for boiling the cocoons is 8.8, the cocoon boiling time is 40min, and the cocoon boiling temperature is 95 ℃;
(2) and (2) soaking the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the bath ratio of the mulberry silkworm cocoons to the treating agent solution is 1:20, the soaking time is 3 hours, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
The treating agent comprises a surfactant;
the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoon is 0.05: 1.
(3) Placing the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) in a cotton beating machine for beating cotton, then cutting and placing the cotton sheets into a cotton boiling liquid for boiling cotton for a period of time, wherein the step of boiling cotton is to place the cotton sheets in a pure alkaline solution and boil the cotton sheets for 1.5h under the condition of constant temperature of 90 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali is 130:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton sheets to the pure alkali solution is 1: 15. Then rinsing and dehydrating, and drying in a drying room to obtain the silk floss.
Testing of the silk floss sheets obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3
1. The residual gum rate and the oil content of the silk floss are determined according to FZ/T40004 (test method for the gel content of silk) and FZ/T40006 and 2018 (test method for the oil content of silk).
2. And (4) measuring the heat preservation performance of the mulberry silk quilt by adopting a flat plate method.
3. And (3) measuring the whiteness, namely measuring the whiteness of the silk treated by different degumming methods on a whiteness instrument according to GB/T17644-2008 'test method for whiteness chromaticity of textile fiber', measuring each sample for 5 times, and taking an average value.
4. And (3) measuring the stretchability, namely testing the elongation at break and the breaking strength before and after degumming of 20 silks on a strong tensile tester.
5. The silk floss prepared by the method of the embodiment and the comparative example is stretched to prepare the mulberry silk quilt, the quality requirements of silk floss fillers in GB/T24252-2019 silk quilt are compared for evaluation, and the compressibility and elastic recovery rate before and after the silk quilt is used are tested according to the method of appendix D.
GB/T24252-2019 stipulates the compression resilience index of the silk quilt filler: (1) the grade of the superior product is that the compression rate is more than or equal to 45 percent and the recovery rate is more than or equal to 92 percent; (2) the grade of the first grade is that the compression rate is more than or equal to 40 percent and the recovery rate is more than or equal to 87 percent. The results of the above measurements are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 detection of the properties of silk floss prepared by different methods
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for processing silk floss is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) boiling cocoons, namely removing impurities from the screened mulberry silkworm cocoons, and boiling the cocoons in an alkaline solution;
(2) soaking the mulberry silkworm cocoon in the step (1) in a treating agent solution for a period of time, wherein the treating agent comprises active enzyme, a tea bran solution and a surfactant;
(3) and (3) placing the mulberry silkworm cocoons obtained in the step (2) in a cotton beating machine for beating cotton, then cutting cotton sheets, placing the cotton sheets in a cotton boiling liquid for boiling cotton for a period of time, rinsing and dehydrating the cotton sheets, and placing the cotton sheets in a drying room for drying to obtain silk cotton.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH of the alkaline solution in step (1) is 8.5-9, the cocoon cooking time is 30-60min, and the cocoon cooking temperature is 90-100 ℃.
3. The silk floss processing method according to claim 1, wherein the active enzyme in step (2) is neutral protease or neutral lipase, and the feeding mass ratio of the active enzyme to the mulberry cocoon is 0.1-0.3: 1;
the tea bran solution comprises 5-15% of tea bran by mass, and the feeding mass ratio of the tea bran solution to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 10-15: 1;
the surfactant comprises one or two of sodium dodecyl sulfate and fatty glyceride, and the feeding mass ratio of the surfactant to the mulberry silkworm cocoons is 0.01-0.1: 1.
4. The method for processing silk floss according to claim 1, wherein the bath ratio of the bombyx mori cocoons to the treating agent solution in step (2) is 1:10-30, the soaking time is 1-5h, and the soaking temperature is 45-50 ℃.
5. The method for processing silk floss according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) of boiling the silk floss is to place the cotton piece in a pure alkaline solution and boil the cotton piece for 1-2h at a constant temperature of 90-95 ℃, the mass ratio of the cotton piece to the pure alkali is 150:1, and the bath ratio of the cotton piece to the pure alkali solution is 1: 10-20.
6. A waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing, characterized in that it is used for processing the silk floss of any one of the claims 1 to 5; the waste heat recovery system is communicated with a heating system of the baking room, the heating system is communicated with a boiler air supply system, and silk floss is placed in the baking room for drying; the waste heat system includes:
the heating system of the curing barn is communicated with the waste gas pipeline;
the waste gas recovery device comprises a reservoir and an air inlet pipe, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the reservoir, cold water is added into the water inlet, one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the waste gas pipeline, the other end of the air inlet pipe extends to the position below the liquid level of the reservoir, and gas passing through the air inlet pipe heats liquid in the reservoir; and
And the cotton beating water supply pipe is communicated with a water outlet of the water storage tank, and hot water is discharged from the water outlet of the water storage tank to provide hot water for a cotton beating workshop.
7. The waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing according to claim 6, wherein the air inlet pipe comprises a plurality of air inlet pipes, wherein the air outlet of at least one air inlet pipe is arranged near the bottom of the water reservoir, and the air outlet of at least one air inlet pipe is arranged in the middle of the water reservoir.
8. The waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing according to claim 7, wherein the air inlet pipe is provided with a control valve.
9. The waste heat recovery system for silk floss processing according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the intake pipes is communicated with a heating coil, and the heating coil is arranged close to the inner wall of the water reservoir.
10. An apparatus for silk floss processing, characterized in that the waste heat recovery system of silk floss processing according to any one of claims 6 to 9 is used, the apparatus comprises a cotton beating machine, the cotton beating machine is communicated with a hot water discharge port of the waste heat recovery system, the cotton beating machine is connected with an alkali charging device, and the alkali charging device comprises:
the tank body is used for mixing alkali liquor and is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a stirring shaft is arranged in the tank body; and
And one end of the conveying pipe is connected with the discharge port of the tank body, the other end of the conveying pipe extends to the cotton beating cavity of the cotton beating machine and is used for conveying alkali liquor, and a metering device and a control valve are arranged on the conveying pipe.
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| CN114672885B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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