CN114670893B - Detection method for wheel falling block - Google Patents
Detection method for wheel falling block Download PDFInfo
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- CN114670893B CN114670893B CN202210445523.1A CN202210445523A CN114670893B CN 114670893 B CN114670893 B CN 114670893B CN 202210445523 A CN202210445523 A CN 202210445523A CN 114670893 B CN114670893 B CN 114670893B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method of wheel falling blocks, which is used for detecting the falling blocks of travelling wheels on a track, wherein one side or two sides of the track are provided with a plurality of equally spaced sensors which form a sensor arrangement area, and the sensors are connected with a central processing unit; when the wheel passes, the output signals generated by the sensor are processed by the central processing unit: when the wheel with the block falling condition passes through the sensor, the output signal of the wheel is changed, and the central processing unit finds the block falling condition of the wheel and gives an alarm and prompts through capturing and analyzing the defect signal. The invention can rapidly, simply and accurately detect the wheel falling blocks. According to the invention, through the planning and setting of the sensor and the processor, the wheel falling blocks are detected, the working strength is low, the working efficiency is high, and the waste of manpower and material resources is avoided. The invention can detect the wheels when the wheels normally run, not only does not influence the normal passing of the train, but also can detect the wheel by the sensor and can not be blocked by other parts of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a detection method for wheel falling blocks, and belongs to the technical field of rail traffic safety monitoring.
Background
The wheels are used as key components of the running part of the rolling stock, and the running state of the rolling stock is good or bad, so that the running safety of the rolling stock is directly affected. The domestic detection of wheels in operation is usually carried out at the position of a vehicle entering a garage and when the vehicle passes at a low speed. In addition, the automatic detection of the wheel is mainly focused on the rolling circle position of the tread of the wheel, and no good detection method is available for the falling blocks of the rim position of the wheel and the falling blocks of the rim outside the wheel.
Currently, existing detection methods for wheel rim chipping and outboard rim chipping include: (1) detection method by manual visual inspection: after the vehicle enters the overhaul storage, detecting all wheels one by manpower; the measuring mode has the advantages of high working intensity and low working efficiency, is easy to cause waste of manpower and material resources, and meanwhile, after parking, the wheel is partially shielded by other parts of the vehicle, so that the whole detection of the wheel is not completed at one time, and the problem is easy to miss. (2) The on-line monitoring mode of the rail side image is adopted, namely, the camera is arranged at the rail side, and the vehicle photographs the wheels when passing through, but the detection mode can be interfered by sunlight and is more interfered by rain and snow.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a detection method for the wheel falling blocks, which can rapidly, simply and accurately detect the wheel falling blocks.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The method is used for detecting the falling blocks of the travelling wheels on the track, one side or two sides of the track are provided with a plurality of sensors which are arranged at equal intervals, a sensor arrangement area is formed, and each sensor is connected with a central processing unit; as the wheel passes, the sensor generates an output signal and is processed by the central processor: when the wheel with the block falling condition passes through the sensor, the output signal of the wheel is changed, and the central processing unit finds the block falling condition of the wheel and gives an alarm through the capturing and analyzing of the defect signal.
Further, the sensor arrangement area has a length at least greater than 2 times the wheel circumference.
Still further, the wheel rolls at least 2 turns in the sensor arrangement area, and the sensor detection positions on the wheel at the 2 nd turn of the roll alternate in the interval of the sensor detection positions at the 1 st turn.
Further, the sensor on the inner side of the track is positioned below or outside the rim of the wheel and is not in contact with the rim; the sensor on the outside of the track is located under or outside the rim on the outside of the wheel and is not in contact with the wheel.
Further, the central processing unit includes:
The signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring the output information of all the sensors;
the block falling positioning unit is used for positioning whether a block falling exists on the wheel or not by a user;
and the block dropping alarm unit is used for calculating the position and the size of the block dropping and sending or not sending alarm information according to a preset threshold value.
Still further, the signal acquisition unit includes:
the signal denoising component is used for filtering and smoothing signals output by the sensor, removing interference signals and forming rectangular signals which are easier to process and judge;
And a signal mapping component for remapping sensor signals over the sensor arrangement area to corresponding wheel positions.
The working method of the block dropping positioning unit comprises the following steps: when the wheel with the falling blocks passes through the sensor, the output signal of the sensor changes, and the falling block area of the wheel is automatically positioned based on the signal change of the mapped sensor.
The block dropping alarm unit comprises:
The block falling calculation component is used for calculating the width of the wheel block falling by combining the prefabricated information;
The block dropping screening component screens out a block dropping area meeting the requirements by utilizing a preset threshold value;
And the falling block display assembly is used for displaying the falling block position on the wheel.
Further, the method comprises:
(1) When a wheel enters a sensor arrangement area of the perimeter of a first wheel, the sensors in the arrangement area are sequentially triggered by the wheel, and output signals are generated and sent to a central processing unit;
(2) When the wheel enters a sensor arrangement area of the perimeter of the second wheel, the sensors in the arrangement area are triggered by the wheel in sequence, and output signals are generated and sent to the central processing unit;
(3) And the central processing unit processes the received information to obtain a final wheel block drop detection result.
Still further, the method of step (3) includes:
Acquiring sensor output information: the method is used for filtering and smoothing signals output by the sensor, eliminating interference signals and forming rectangular signals which are easier to process and judge; for remapping sensor signals over the entire deployment area to corresponding wheel locations;
positioning the positions of the wheel falling blocks: when the wheel with the falling blocks passes through the sensor, the data signal of the sensor changes, and the falling block area of the wheel is automatically positioned based on the signal change of the mapped sensor;
calculating the position and the size of the falling block, and sending or not sending alarm information according to a preset threshold value: calculating the width of the wheel falling block by combining the prefabricated information; screening out a block dropping area meeting the requirements by using a preset threshold value; for displaying the position of the drop on the wheel.
Further, the sensor is arranged on one side or two sides of the rail through the rail bottom fixing bracket and the sensor mounting platform.
Furthermore, the sensor mounting platforms are provided with mounting hole sites parallel to the tracks, and each sensor mounting platform is provided with two sensors; the sensor mounting platform is used for adjusting the positions of the sensors mounted on the sensor mounting platform, so that the size of the equal interval between the sensors is adjusted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention can rapidly, simply and accurately realize the detection of the wheel falling blocks, in particular to the falling blocks at the wheel rim position and the falling blocks at the wheel outer rim.
(2) According to the invention, through planning and setting of the sensor and the processor, the falling blocks of the wheels can be detected in a non-manual mode, so that the working strength is low, the working efficiency is high, and the waste of manpower and material resources is avoided.
(3) The detection method does not need to detect the wheel falling blocks after the vehicle enters the overhaul storage, and can detect the wheel falling blocks when the wheels normally run, so that the normal passing of the train is not influenced; moreover, the wheel can be detected when the wheel passes normally by the method, and the wheel can be detected by the sensor for one circle and can not be blocked by other parts of the vehicle, so that the whole detection of the wheel is finished at one time, and the problem of missing detection at a certain part of the wheel is avoided. In addition, the method is not influenced by sunlight and rain and snow weather.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor and a mounting bracket provided by the present invention: (a) the sensor is located above the sensor mounting platform; (b) the sensor is located laterally of the sensor mounting platform;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation position of the sensor outside the steel rail provided by the invention: (a) the sensor is located below the outboard rim of the wheel; FIG. 2 (b) shows the sensor located outboard of the outboard rim of the wheel;
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an installation position of a sensor on the inner side of a steel rail according to the present invention: (a) the sensor is located below the rim of the wheel; (b) the sensor is located outside of the rim of the wheel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the corresponding positions of the wheels and sensors provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a sensor output signal A according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a class B waveform of a sensor output signal according to the present invention;
Wherein, 1-sensor, 2-rail end fixed bolster, 3-sensor mounting platform.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention.
In order to better understand the aspects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The invention provides a detection method for wheel falling blocks, which comprises the following steps:
Firstly, referring to fig. 1a, a rail bottom fixing bracket 2 is fixed on one side or two sides of a steel rail, and the height of the rail bottom fixing bracket 2 relative to a rail surface can be adjusted according to the effective measurement range of a sensor 1; then, fix sensor mounting platform 3 on the rail end fixed bolster 2, fix sensor 1 on sensor mounting platform 3, every sensor mounting platform 3 installs two sensors 1, the distance between the sensor 1, can adjust according to the measuring range of sensor 1, and the output signal and the central processing unit of sensor 1 are connected.
The sensor 1 has a characteristic that the output signal is a low level signal when a metal member such as a wheel is present in the upper detection area, and is a high level signal when a metal member such as a wheel is not present in the upper detection area. The sensor 1 is a sensor such as Yi Fu door model ID5059, and its NC port outputs a low-level signal when there is a metal object such as a wheel above, and outputs a high-level signal when there is no metal object such as a wheel in its detection area.
The sensor 1 is arranged on one side or two sides (the outer side and the inner side) of the steel rail through the rail bottom fixing bracket 2 and the sensor mounting platform 3, and the sensor 1 on the inner side of the steel rail is positioned on the lower part or the outer side of the wheel rim and is not contacted with the rim; the sensor 1 on the outside of the rail is located below or outside the rim on the outside of the wheel and is not in contact with the wheel.
Preferably, the sensor mounting platform 3 can adjust the position of the sensors 1 mounted thereon, so that the size of the equal spacing between the sensors 1 can be adjusted to adapt to the sensors 1 with different detection ranges. The sensor mounting platform 3 is provided with mounting hole sites parallel to the rails, and the mounting distance between the sensors 1 can be adjusted according to the working range of the sensors 1, so that the purpose of compatibility between different types of sensors 1 and different types of wheel diameters is achieved.
According to the detection requirement of the wheel falling blocks, a plurality of groups of sensor mounting platforms 3 can be respectively and continuously arranged on one side or two sides of the steel rail. The number of the sensor mounting platforms 3 is adjusted according to the detection range of the sensor 1 and the size of the wheel diameter. The length of the area of arrangement of the plurality of sensors 1 should be at least greater than 2 times the wheel circumference to ensure an effective detection coverage of the entire wheel. Preferably, the plurality of sensors 1 are arranged at equal intervals on one or both sides of the rail.
In particular, the arrangement of the sensor 1 on the outside of the rail can be seen with reference to fig. 2, and the arrangement of the sensor on the inside of the rail can be seen with reference to fig. 3.
Whether the sensor mounting platform 3 is arranged on one side or two sides of the steel rail, the relative positions of the wheel to be finally achieved and the sensors 1 are shown in fig. 4, the sensor 1 arranged in the first circumference range of the wheel and the blank positions among the sensors 1 are effectively supplemented by the sensors 1 arranged in the second circumference range of the wheel, so that the detection coverage of the whole circumference of the wheel can be realized (the wheel rolls at least 2 circles in the area where a plurality of sensors 1 are arranged, and the detection positions of the sensors 1 on the wheel in the 2 nd circle of rolling are staggered in the interval of the detection positions of the sensors 1 on the wheel in the 1 st circle of rolling, so that the whole wheel is detected, as shown in fig. 4). In order to adapt to different wheel circumferences, the distance between the sensor 1 and the distance between the sensor mounting platform 3 and the sensor mounting platform 3 can be correspondingly adjusted according to the size of the wheel circumferences.
The output signals of all the sensors 1 are connected to a central processor which processes the output signals of the sensors 1 and represents the processed signals as a rectangle. The central processing unit is connected with the sensor 1 on the inner side of the steel rail, and the central processing unit receives signals of the sensor 1 and generates inner side waveforms; the central processing unit is connected with the sensor 1 at the outer side of the steel rail, and the central processing unit receives the signals of the sensor 1 and then generates an outer waveform; the CPU detects the change of the waveform, and judges the situation that the position generating the waveform mutation is the wheel falling block: when the wheel with the block falling condition passes through the sensor 1, the output signal of the wheel is changed, and the central processing unit finds the block falling condition of the wheel and gives an alarm prompt through capturing and analyzing the defect signal.
Specific: the central processing unit uniformly displays the processed signals according to the relative positions of the sensors 1 on the wheels, when the wheels without the falling blocks pass through the whole detection interval, all the sensors 1 can effectively sense the wheels, and the output signals of the sensors 1 are processed by the central processing unit and are displayed as rectangular waveforms with lower heights, as shown in a class A waveform schematic diagram of the output signals of the sensors in fig. 5.
If a drop block exists on the wheel, when the position of the drop block of the wheel runs above the sensor 1, as no metal parts such as the wheel exist in the detection range of the sensor 1, the sensor 1 outputs a higher level, and after being processed by the central processing unit, a higher protrusion appears in the display of a result signal, as shown in a class-B waveform schematic diagram of the output signal of the sensor in fig. 6, so that the drop block of the wheel can be judged, and the central processing unit can give an alarm prompt.
Claims (5)
1. The method is used for detecting the falling blocks of the running wheels on the track, wherein the falling blocks are the falling blocks at the rim positions of the wheels and the falling blocks of the rims at the outer sides of the wheels; one side or two sides of the track are provided with a plurality of sensors which are arranged at equal intervals to form a sensor arrangement area, and each sensor is connected with a central processing unit; as the wheel passes, the sensor generates an output signal and is processed by the central processor: when the wheel with the block falling condition passes through the sensor, the output signal of the wheel is changed, and the central processing unit discovers the block falling condition of the wheel and gives an alarm and prompts through capturing and analyzing the defect signal;
The length of the sensor arrangement area is at least greater than 2 times of the circumference of the wheel, the wheel rolls at least 2 circles in the sensor arrangement area, and the sensor detection positions on the wheel at the 2 nd circle of rolling are staggered in the interval of the sensor detection positions at the 1 st circle; the sensor on the inner side of the track is positioned below or on the outer side of the rim of the wheel and is not in contact with the rim; the sensor on the outer side of the track is positioned below or on the outer side of the rim on the outer side of the wheel and is not contacted with the wheel;
The method comprises the following steps: (1) When a wheel enters a sensor arrangement area of the perimeter of a first wheel, the sensors in the arrangement area are sequentially triggered by the wheel, and output signals are generated and sent to a central processing unit; (2) When the wheel enters a sensor arrangement area of the perimeter of the second wheel, the sensors in the arrangement area are triggered by the wheel in sequence, and output signals are generated and sent to the central processing unit; (3) The central processing unit processes the received information to obtain a final wheel block falling detection result;
The step (3): acquiring sensor output information: the method is used for filtering and smoothing signals output by the sensor, eliminating interference signals and forming rectangular signals which are easier to process and judge; for remapping sensor signals over the entire deployment area to corresponding wheel locations; positioning the positions of the wheel falling blocks: when the wheel with the falling blocks passes through the sensor, the data signal of the sensor changes, and the falling block area of the wheel is automatically positioned based on the signal change of the mapped sensor; calculating the position and the size of the falling block, and sending or not sending alarm information according to a preset threshold value: calculating the width of the wheel falling block by combining the prefabricated information; screening out a block dropping area meeting the requirements by using a preset threshold value; for displaying the position of the drop on the wheel.
2. The method for detecting a wheel drop as defined in claim 1, wherein the central processing unit comprises:
The signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring the output information of all the sensors;
the block falling positioning unit is used for positioning whether a block falling exists on the wheel or not by a user;
and the block dropping alarm unit is used for calculating the position and the size of the block dropping and sending or not sending alarm information according to a preset threshold value.
3. The method for detecting a wheel drop according to claim 2, wherein the signal acquisition unit includes:
the signal denoising component is used for filtering and smoothing signals output by the sensor, removing interference signals and forming rectangular signals which are easier to process and judge;
a signal mapping component for remapping sensor signals within the entire sensor arrangement area to corresponding wheel locations;
the working method of the block dropping positioning unit comprises the following steps: when the wheel with the falling blocks passes through the sensor, the output signal of the sensor changes, and the falling block area of the wheel is automatically positioned based on the signal change of the mapped sensor;
the block dropping alarm unit comprises:
The block falling calculation component is used for calculating the width of the wheel block falling by combining the prefabricated information;
The block dropping screening component screens out a block dropping area meeting the requirements by utilizing a preset threshold value;
And the falling block display assembly is used for displaying the falling block position on the wheel.
4. A method of detecting a wheel drop as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensor is disposed on one or both sides of the track via a rail foot mounting bracket and a sensor mounting platform.
5. The method for detecting wheel drop as defined in claim 4, wherein the sensor mounting platforms are provided with mounting holes parallel to the track, and each sensor mounting platform is provided with two sensors; the sensor mounting platform adjusts the setting position of the sensor mounted on the sensor mounting platform, so that the size of the equal interval between the sensors is adjusted.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210445523.1A CN114670893B (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Detection method for wheel falling block |
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| CN202210445523.1A CN114670893B (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Detection method for wheel falling block |
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| CN114670893A CN114670893A (en) | 2022-06-28 |
| CN114670893B true CN114670893B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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