CN114670245B - Precision adjusting device and method for ball screw assembly - Google Patents
Precision adjusting device and method for ball screw assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN114670245B CN114670245B CN202210371376.8A CN202210371376A CN114670245B CN 114670245 B CN114670245 B CN 114670245B CN 202210371376 A CN202210371376 A CN 202210371376A CN 114670245 B CN114670245 B CN 114670245B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/007—Means or methods for designing or fabricating manipulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/0095—Means or methods for testing manipulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precision adjusting device and a method for a ball screw assembly, which realize the precision adjustment of the ball screw assembly with visual patterns by utilizing electronic measuring equipment such as a laser auto-collimator, an inclinometer and the like. The precision adjusting device mainly comprises a basic movement module, an assembly and adjustment precision guaranteeing module and a control module. The basic movement module is used for matching and adjusting the ball screw assembly, has a linear movement function, and provides an installation environment for the adjustment precision guarantee module. The assembly and adjustment precision guarantee module is used for accurately measuring the form and position tolerance of the matched assembly and adjustment of each component and guaranteeing the high-precision assembly and adjustment of each component. The control module is used for realizing the drive control and information measurement functions of the electromechanical component in the assembly and adjustment of the ball screw assembly. The precision adjusting method solves the problems of low precision, low efficiency and boring work of the manual assembly and adjustment ball screw assembly, assists the manual assembly and adjustment quickly and accurately, and improves the manual assembly and adjustment precision and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of robot mechanisms, in particular to the technical field of linear driving by using a ball screw assembly in a robot mechanism, and particularly relates to an accuracy adjusting device and method for the ball screw assembly.
Background
In the fields of robot mechanisms, repeated locking mechanisms and the like, a large number of ball screw assemblies are used as transmission elements, and the main functions of the ball screw assemblies are to convert rotary motion into linear motion or torque into axial repeated acting force, and meanwhile, the ball screw assemblies have the characteristics of high precision, reversibility and high efficiency. The ball screw assembly typically includes three sections, two linear slider rails and one ball screw. The assembling and adjusting process of the ball screw assembly not only needs to respectively carry out accuracy adjustment of straightness and roll angle on two linear slide block guide rails and one ball screw, but also needs to ensure the position assembly relation among the three parts. If these accuracy requirements cannot be met, the motion state of the ball screw assembly may be seriously affected, and additional stress may occur in the ball screw assembly during the motion process, so that the resistance in the transmission process is increased. From this, it is clear that the precision adjustment of the ball screw assembly is particularly important for the transmission process in the fields of robot mechanism, repetition locking mechanism, etc.
In the conventional ball screw assembly installation and precision adjustment process, most rely on manually operated angle measuring tools for adjustment. This process is time consuming, increases labor costs, and does not guarantee individual mounting accuracy of the parts of the ball screw assembly and assembly relationships between the parts. In view of the above, the invention provides a precision adjusting device and a method for a ball screw assembly, which utilize electronic measuring equipment such as a laser autocollimator, an inclinometer and the like to realize the visual precision adjustment of a graph, guide manual accurate and simple assembly and adjustment, reduce labor cost and have remarkable economic benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that in the process of installing and precision adjusting a ball screw assembly of a system, the manual operation angle measuring tool is time-consuming to install and adjust, the labor cost is increased, and the installation precision of the ball screw assembly and the assembly relation among all parts cannot be guaranteed, the application provides a precision adjusting device and a precision adjusting method for the ball screw assembly, which are used for realizing the precision adjustment of graphic visualization by utilizing electronic measuring equipment such as a laser autocollimator, an inclinometer and the like and guiding the manual accurate and simple installation and adjustment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a precision adjusting device for a ball screw assembly, which is characterized by comprising a basic movement module, an assembly precision guaranteeing module and a control module, wherein:
the basic movement module is used for matching and adjusting the ball screw assembly, has a linear movement function, provides an installation environment for the adjustment precision guarantee module, and is convenient for lifting and moving due to the fact that the ring head screws are installed at four corners of the basic movement module. The basic movement module consists of a positioning bottom plate (1), a servo motor assembly and an optical translation assembly; the servo motor assembly mainly comprises a longitudinal servo motor (2), a servo motor mounting seat (3), a longitudinal linear module (4) and an I-shaped positioning support frame (5); the longitudinal servo motor (2) is provided with a threaded hole, the end face of the servo motor mounting seat (3) is provided with a corresponding through hole, and the longitudinal servo motor (2) is fixedly connected with the servo motor mounting seat (3) through a bolt; the longitudinal servo motor (2) is connected with the longitudinal linear module (4) through a coupler; the longitudinal linear module (4) is fixedly connected with the I-shaped positioning support frame (5); the I-shaped positioning support frame (5) and the servo motor mounting seat (3) are mounted on the positioning bottom plate (1) according to the positioning surface; the optical translation assembly mainly comprises a transverse servo motor (6), a transverse linear module (7) and a support frame (8); the transverse servo motor (6) is directly fixedly connected with the transverse linear module (7); the transverse linear module (7) is fixedly connected with the support frame (8); the supporting frame (8) is arranged on the positioning bottom plate (1) according to the positioning surface.
The assembly and adjustment precision guarantee module is used for accurately measuring the form and position tolerance of each component of the ball screw assembly in a matched manner and guaranteeing the high-precision assembly and adjustment of each component of the ball screw assembly, and mainly comprises a U-shaped connecting block (9), a floating traction device (10), a floating traction device connecting block (11), a reflecting mirror (12), an inclinometer (13), a switching base (14), a laser auto-collimator (15), a span plate (16) and an L-shaped connecting block (17); the bottom of the U-shaped connecting block (9) is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the longitudinal linear module (4); the reflecting mirror (12) is fixed on the front surface of the floating traction device (10) in a bolt pressing mode; the bottom of the floating traction device (10) is fixed on a sliding block of a tested product guide rail, and a spherical joint at the tail end of a connecting rod of the floating traction device (10) is arranged in a U-shaped groove of a U-shaped connecting block (9); the inclinometer (13) is adsorbed on the surface of the sliding block of the tested product guide rail through the magnetic force of the bottom surface; the laser auto-collimator (15) is fixedly connected with the adapter base (14), and then the adapter base (14) is fixed on the sliding block of the transverse linear module (7).
The control module is used for realizing the functions of driving control, information measurement and the like of electromechanical components in the assembling and adjusting process of the ball screw assembly, and mainly comprises a motion controller (18), upper computer software (19), an industrial personal computer (20), a servo motor driver (21) and a data acquisition system (22); the upper computer software (19) runs on the industrial personal computer (20), and the motion controller (18) and the data acquisition system (22) are connected with the industrial personal computer (20); the servo motor driver (21) is connected with the motion controller (18), the longitudinal servo motor (2) and the transverse servo motor (6) at the same time.
The precision adjusting device facing the ball screw assembly is characterized in that: the positioning bottom plate (1) is used for installing a ball screw assembly, a servo motor assembly, an optical translation assembly and the like; and a positioning surface is arranged on the positioning bottom plate (1), so that the ball screw assembly, the servo motor assembly, the optical translation assembly and the like can be conveniently installed and positioned.
The precision adjusting device facing the ball screw assembly is characterized in that: according to different working conditions, the floating traction device (10), the floating traction device connecting block (11), the straddling plate (16) and the L-shaped connecting block (17) are required to be matched alternately, the U-shaped connecting block (9) is connected with a spherical joint of the floating traction device (10), and a 'ball-plane pair' with 5 degrees of freedom is realized, so that floating traction is carried out, and the limitation of directions such as pitching, rolling and the like is not additionally applied to a guide rail sliding block to be tested, so that the adjustment of the form and position tolerance of the guide rail to be tested is not influenced.
The precision adjusting device facing the ball screw assembly is characterized in that: the laser autocollimator (15) is arranged on the sliding block of the optical translation device, the laser axis of the laser autocollimator is parallel to the axis of the guide rail to be detected along the vertical plane, the reflecting mirror (12) is arranged on the sliding block of the guide rail to be detected, and the straightness of the guide rail where the sliding block is positioned and the straightness of the vertical plane can be measured by means of the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12), so that the straightness of the guide rail can be inspected.
The precision adjusting device facing the ball screw assembly is characterized in that: the inclinometer (13) is arranged on a detected guide rail sliding block, can measure the rolling angle of the sliding block around the axis of the guide rail when moving along the guide rail, realizes the inspection of the rolling angle of the guide rail, and can be further arranged on a floating traction device connecting block (11) or a span plate (16) for measuring the height change of a second guide rail or a screw nut relative to the first guide rail.
The invention discloses a precision adjusting method for a ball screw assembly, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the precision adjustment of the ball screw assembly is mainly completed by the mutual coordination of a control module, a basic movement module and an adjustment precision guarantee module, wherein the control module consists of a movement controller (18), upper computer software (19), an industrial personal computer (20), a servo motor driver (21) and a data acquisition system (22); the upper computer software (19) sends an instruction to the industrial personal computer (20), the industrial personal computer (20) receives the instruction and then sends the instruction to the motion controller (18), the motion controller (18) sends the instruction to the servo motor driver (21), and the servo motor driver (21) controls the servo motor to move according to the instruction; the laser auto-collimator (15) and the inclinometer (13) collect the current measured product position angle data, the data collection system (22) receives the measured product position angle data, and the data information is displayed on the upper computer software (19); comparing the measured product position angle data received by the data acquisition system (22) with target data set in the upper computer software (19), the upper computer software (19) sends a new instruction to control the servo motor to move, and the reciprocating adjustment realizes the precision adjustment of the ball screw assembly
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step I-1: for a first guide rail of a tested product, the straightness of the first guide rail on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane and the rolling of the first guide rail around the axis of the first guide rail are required to be adjusted simultaneously; moving the laser autocollimator (15) to a position parallel to the axis of the first guide rail along the vertical plane by utilizing an optical translation assembly, and fixedly installing a reflecting mirror (12) on a sliding block of the first guide rail to enable the reflecting mirror to be perpendicular to the light path of the laser autocollimator (15); fixedly mounting an inclinometer (13) so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the guide rail; the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12) are regulated, so that the laser autocollimator (15) can obtain a reflected image in the range of the total measuring range, and a plurality of measuring points are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the guide rail;
step I-2: the U-shaped connecting block (9) is connected with the floating traction device (10) through a ball-plane pair, and drives the guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator (15) and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the guide rail relative to the initial starting measuring position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the guide rail at the measuring point;
step I-3: according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer (13), the roll angle of the guide rail at the measuring point is regulated, and at each measuring point, the steps are repeated, so that the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the whole guide rail and the roll around the axis of the guide rail can be regulated;
Step II-1: for the second guide rail of the tested product, the straightness of the second guide rail on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface and the transverse rolling around the axis of the second guide rail are required to be adjusted according to the first guide rail, and the problem of the height of the second guide rail and the first guide rail is solved; moving the laser autocollimator (15) to a position parallel to the axis of the second guide rail along the vertical plane by utilizing an optical translation assembly; a reflector (12) is fixedly arranged on the sliding block of the second guide rail, so that the reflector is perpendicular to the light path of the laser autocollimator (15); fixedly mounting an inclinometer (13) so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the second guide rail; the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12) are regulated, so that the autocollimator can obtain a reflected image in the range of the full range;
step II-2: the first guide rail slide block floating traction device (10) is connected with the floating traction device connecting block (11) through a pin shaft, and if the pin shaft is pulled out, the separation of the floating traction device connecting block (11) and the first guide rail slide block can be easily realized; by utilizing the pin shaft, a floating traction device connecting block (11) and a first guide rail sliding block form a revolute pair, and the axis of the revolute pair is parallel to the axis of the first guide rail; the other end of the floating traction device connecting block (11) is provided with a long round hole, the bottom of the floating traction device connecting block is provided with a semicircular bulge, and the round pin is sleeved on the second guide rail sliding block. An inclinometer (13) is arranged on the floating traction device connecting block (11); when the first guide rail slide block moves under the drive of the U-shaped connecting block (9), the floating traction device connecting block (11) moves along with the first guide rail slide block and drives the second guide rail slide block to move together; when the height of the second guide rail slide block changes relative to the height of the first guide rail slide block, the floating traction device connecting block (11) can rotate around the pin shaft to a certain extent; the inclinometer (13) on the floating traction device connecting block (11) can measure the height change of the two guide rail sliding blocks, so as to guide the height adjustment of the second guide rail relative to the first guide rail;
Step II-3: a plurality of measuring points are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the second guide rail, and the U-shaped connecting block (9) is connected through a ball-plane pair to drive the first guide rail slide block to move; the first guide rail sliding block drives the second guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point through the span plate; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator (15) and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the guide rail relative to the initial starting measuring position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the guide rail at the measuring point; simultaneously, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer (13) on the second guide rail slide block, the roll angle of the guide rail at the measuring point is adjusted; on the other hand, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer (13) on the floating traction device connecting block (11), the height of the second guide rail sliding block relative to the first guide rail sliding block is adjusted; at each measuring point, repeating the steps to adjust the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the second guide rail, the roll around the axis of the second guide rail and the height relative to the first guide rail;
step III-1: for the ball screw of the tested product, the straightness of the ball screw on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface is required to be adjusted according to the first guide rail, and the problem of the height of the ball screw and the first guide rail is solved; moving the laser autocollimator (15) to a position parallel to the axis of the ball screw along a vertical plane by utilizing an optical translation assembly; a reflector (12) is fixedly arranged on a nut sliding block of the ball screw so as to be vertical to the light path of the laser auto-collimator (15); furthermore, an inclinometer (13) is fixedly mounted so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the ball screw; the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12) are regulated, so that the laser autocollimator (15) can obtain a reflected image in the range of the total measuring range;
Step III-2: a cross plate (16) is arranged on a nut sliding block of the ball screw; a slotted hole is processed at the other end of the span plate (16), a semicircular bulge is processed at the bottom of the span plate, and the cross plate is sleeved with a cylindrical pin on the first guide rail slide block; mounting an inclinometer (13) on the straddle (16); when the motor drives the ball screw to move, the nut sliding block moves along with the ball screw and drives the first guide rail sliding block to move together; when the height of the nut sliding block changes relative to the height of the first guide rail sliding block, the jumper plate (16) can rotate around the axis of the ball screw to a certain extent; the inclinometer (13) on the span plate (16) can measure the height change of the two sliding blocks, so as to guide the height adjustment of the ball screw relative to the first guide rail;
step III-3: then, uniformly arranging a plurality of measuring points along the length direction of the ball screw; when the motor drives the ball screw to move, the nut sliding block moves along with the ball screw and drives the first guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator (15) and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the ball screw relative to the initial starting measuring position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the ball screw at the measuring point; meanwhile, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer (13) on the span plate (16), the height of the ball screw nut sliding block relative to the first guide rail sliding block is adjusted; at each measuring point, the steps are repeated, and the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the ball screw and the height relative to the first guide rail can be adjusted.
The precision adjusting method for the ball screw assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the straightness detection method is that a reflecting mirror (12) is arranged on a guide rail slide block to be detected; the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12) are regulated, so that the laser autocollimator (15) can obtain a reflected image in the range of the full range; moving the reflecting mirror (12) and the sliding block to an initial starting position of the guide rail, recording the Y component angle value delta theta Y of the current laser auto-collimator (15), and then moving the reflecting mirror (12) to finish the measurement of the whole guide rail according to the initially set intercept b; the angle value delta theta Y of the Y component of the laser autocollimator (15) reflects the change of the current position of the guide rail relative to the initial measured position, and is specifically expressed as the slope value of each section relative to the initial position, so that the change of the height of the current point relative to the initial reference point can be calculated as delta h = delta theta yb; then according to fitting principles such as a least square method or a least inclusion method, a straightness change curve of the whole guide rail on a vertical plane can be drawn; the straightness change curve of the whole section of guide rail on the horizontal plane can be drawn in the same way, so that the assembly and adjustment of the straightness of the guide rail are guided.
The precision adjusting method for the ball screw assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the roll angle measuring method is that an inclinometer (13) is arranged on the surface of a tested guide rail sliding block, if a linear guide rail has torsion around the axis of the linear guide rail, the sliding block generates a certain roll angle around the axis of the guide rail when moving on the guide rail, and the inclinometer (13) arranged on the surface of the sliding block reads the roll angle, so that the adjustment of the roll angle of the guide rail is guided.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The problem of artifical dress transfer ball screw assembly precision low, inefficiency and work boring is solved, artifical quick, accurate dress is transferred can be assisted, people's frock is transferred precision and efficiency is improved.
(2) The floating traction device is used, so that the current straightness, roll angle and other postures of the tested product are not influenced by the installation posture of the basic movement module when the tested product moves to different measuring points.
(3) Electronic measuring equipment such as a high-precision laser autocollimator, an inclinometer and the like is used for replacing a traditional mechanical measuring tool, visual data and images can be generated, and the adjustment precision and the measurement efficiency are remarkably improved.
(4) A special positioning table top is arranged on a bottom plate of the basic movement module for each part, so that the positioning relation between the movement guarantee module and the tested products is ensured, the replacement and the disassembly of different tested products are convenient, and the repeated assembly and adjustment of the tested products are convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an accuracy adjustment device facing a first rail of a ball screw assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a U-shaped connecting block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detail view of a ball set of the floating draft gear of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an accuracy adjustment device facing a second guide rail of a ball screw assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the U-shaped connection block, the floating traction device and the connection block of the floating traction device according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a floating draft gear connection block of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the engagement of the L-shaped connection block with the floating traction device connection block of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a detail view of the ball stud of the L-shaped connection block of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an accuracy adjustment device for ball screw of ball screw assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a detailed view of the floating draft gear and straddle assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a detail view of a slotted hole of the mid-span plate of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a method of precision adjustment for a ball screw assembly in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a software diagram of a method host computer for precision adjustment of a ball screw assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a method for detecting straightness of precision adjustment for a ball screw assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a roll angle detection method for precision adjustment of a ball screw assembly according to the present invention;
The figures above show: the device comprises a positioning bottom plate (1), a longitudinal servo motor (2), a servo motor mounting seat (3), a longitudinal linear module (4), an I-shaped positioning support frame (5), a transverse servo motor (6), a transverse linear module (7), a support frame (8), a U-shaped connecting block (9), a floating traction device (10), a floating traction device connecting block (11), a reflecting mirror (12), an inclinometer (13), a switching base (14), a laser auto-collimator (15), a span plate (16), an L-shaped connecting block (17), a motion controller (18), upper computer software (19), an industrial personal computer (20), a servo motor driver (21) and a data acquisition system (22).
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific examples, but the practice of the invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a device for adjusting precision of a ball screw assembly, which is characterized by comprising a basic movement module, an adjustment precision guaranteeing module and a control module, wherein the device comprises a base movement module, a positioning precision guaranteeing module and a positioning control module, wherein the positioning precision guaranteeing module is as follows:
the basic movement module is used for matching and adjusting the ball screw assembly, has a linear movement function, provides an installation environment for the adjustment precision guarantee module, and is convenient for lifting and moving due to the fact that the ring head screws are installed at four corners of the basic movement module. The basic movement module consists of a positioning bottom plate 1, a servo motor assembly and an optical translation assembly; the servo motor assembly mainly comprises a longitudinal servo motor 2, a servo motor mounting seat 3, a longitudinal linear module 4 and an I-shaped positioning support frame 5; the longitudinal servo motor 2 is provided with a threaded hole, the end surface of the servo motor mounting seat 3 is provided with a corresponding through hole, and the longitudinal servo motor 2 is fixedly connected with the servo motor mounting seat 3 through a bolt; the longitudinal servo motor 2 is connected with the longitudinal linear module 4 through a coupler; the longitudinal linear module 4 is fixedly connected with the I-shaped positioning support frame 5; the I-shaped positioning support frame 5 and the servo motor mounting seat 3 are mounted on the positioning bottom plate 1 according to the positioning surface; the optical translation assembly mainly comprises a transverse servo motor 6, a transverse linear module 7 and a support frame 8; the transverse servo motor 6 is directly fixedly connected with the transverse linear module 7; the transverse linear module 7 is fixedly connected with the support frame 8; the supporting frame 8 is arranged on the positioning bottom plate 1 according to the positioning surface.
The assembly and adjustment precision guarantee module is used for accurately measuring the form and position tolerance of each component of the ball screw assembly in cooperation with assembly and guaranteeing the high precision assembly and adjustment of each component of the ball screw assembly, and mainly comprises a U-shaped connecting block 9, a floating traction device 10, a floating traction device connecting block 11, a reflecting mirror 12, an inclinometer 13, a switching base 14, a laser auto-collimator 15, a span plate 16 and an L-shaped connecting block 17; according to different working conditions, the assembly and adjustment precision guaranteeing module needs to be alternately matched with the floating traction device 10, the floating traction device connecting block 11, the span plate 16 and the L-shaped connecting block 17.
As shown in fig. 1, for the first guide rail adjustment device of the tested product, the adjustment precision guaranteeing module needs to be fixedly connected with the bottom of the U-shaped connecting block 9 and the sliding block of the longitudinal linear module 4, and the reflecting mirror 12 is fixed on the front of the floating traction device 10 in a bolt compression mode; the bottom of the floating traction device 10 is fixed on a slide block of a tested product guide rail, the laser auto-collimator 15 is fixedly connected with the adapter base 14, and then the adapter base 14 is fixed on the slide block of the transverse linear module 7; the spherical joint at the tail end of the connecting rod of the floating traction device 10 is arranged in a U-shaped groove of the U-shaped connecting block 9, and the inclinometer 13 is adsorbed on the surface of the sliding block of the first guide rail of the tested product through the magnetic force of the bottom surface; the specific structure of the U-shaped connecting block 9 is shown in fig. 2, and the specific structure of the floating traction device 10 is shown in fig. 3.
For the second guide rail adjustment device of the tested product, as shown in fig. 4, the adjustment precision guaranteeing module needs to be fixedly connected with the sliding block of the longitudinal linear module 4 at the bottom of the U-shaped connecting block 9, the reflecting mirror 12 is fixed on the front surface of the L-shaped connecting block 16 in a bolt pressing mode, and the bottom of the floating traction device 10 is fixed on the sliding block of the first guide rail; the laser auto-collimator 15 is fixedly connected with the adapter base 14, then the adapter base 14 is fixed on a sliding block of the transverse linear module 7, and the inclinometer 13 is adsorbed on the surface of the sliding block of the second guide rail of the tested product through magnetic force of the bottom surface; as shown in fig. 5, the spherical joint at the tail end of the connecting rod of the floating traction device 10 is placed in the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped connecting block 9, the floating traction device 10 is connected with the floating traction device connecting block 11 through a pin shaft, the floating traction device connecting block 11 and the first guide rail sliding block form a revolute pair, and the specific structure of the floating traction device connecting block 11 is shown in fig. 6; as shown in fig. 7, another inclinometer 13 is fixed on the floating traction device connecting block 11, an L-shaped connecting block 16 is fixed on the second guide rail, and a ball pin on the L-shaped connecting block 16 and a long arc groove on the floating traction device connecting block 11 form a 'ball-plane pair' connection, and as shown in fig. 8, the specific structure of the L-shaped connecting block 16 is shown.
As shown in fig. 9, for the device for assembling and adjusting the screw nut of the tested product, the assembly and adjustment precision guaranteeing module needs to be fixedly connected with the slide block of the longitudinal linear module 4 at the bottom of the U-shaped connecting block 9, and the reflecting mirror 12 is fixed on the front surface of the span plate 16 in a bolt compressing manner; the bottom of the floating traction device 10 is fixed on a sliding block of a first guide rail, the laser auto-collimator 15 is fixedly connected with the switching base 14, and then the switching base 14 is fixed on the sliding block of the transverse linear module 7; the inclinometer 13 is adsorbed on the surface of a sliding block of a screw nut of a tested product through magnetic force of the bottom surface; as shown in FIG. 10, the floating traction device 10 is matched with the oblong hole of the straddle 16 through a ball pin, and the other inclinometer 13 is fixed on the straddle 16, and the specific structure of the straddle 16 is shown in FIG. 11.
The control module is used for realizing the functions of driving control, information measurement and the like of electromechanical components in the assembling and adjusting process of the ball screw assembly, and mainly comprises a motion controller 18, upper computer software 19, an industrial personal computer 20, a servo motor driver 21 and a data acquisition system 22; the upper computer software 19 runs on the industrial personal computer 20, and the motion controller 18 and the data acquisition system 22 are connected with the industrial personal computer 20; the servomotor drive 21 is connected to the motion controller 18, the longitudinal servomotor 2 and the transverse servomotor 6 at the same time.
The invention provides a method for adjusting precision of a ball screw assembly, as shown in FIG. 12, which is a frame diagram of the method; the device is mainly completed by the mutual matching of a control module, a basic movement module and an adjustment precision guaranteeing module, wherein the control module consists of a movement controller 18, upper computer software 19, an industrial personal computer 20, a servo motor driver 21 and a data acquisition system 22; the upper computer software 19 sends a command to the industrial personal computer 20, the industrial personal computer 20 receives the command and then sends the command to the motion controller 18, and then the command is sent to the servo motor driver 21, and the servo motor driver 21 controls the servo motor to move according to the command; the laser autocollimator 15 and the inclinometer 13 collect the current measured product position angle data, the data collection system 22 receives the measured product position angle data, and the data information is displayed on the upper computer software 19; comparing the measured product position angle data received by the data acquisition system 22 with the target data set in the upper computer software 19, the upper computer software 19 sends a new instruction to control the servo motor to move, and the reciprocating adjustment realizes the precision adjustment of the ball screw assembly, as shown in fig. 13, which is an upper computer software diagram of a method for precision adjustment of the ball screw assembly.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step I-1: for a first guide rail of a tested product, the straightness of the first guide rail on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane and the rolling of the first guide rail around the axis of the first guide rail are required to be adjusted simultaneously; the laser autocollimator 15 is moved to a position parallel to the axis of the first guide rail along the vertical plane by utilizing an optical translation component, and a reflector 12 is fixedly arranged on a sliding block of the first guide rail so as to be vertical to the light path of the laser autocollimator 15; fixedly mounting an inclinometer 13 so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the guide rail; the laser autocollimator 15 and the reflecting mirror 12 are regulated, so that the laser autocollimator 15 can obtain a reflected image in the range of the total measuring range, and a plurality of measuring points are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the guide rail;
step I-2: the U-shaped connecting block 9 is connected with the floating traction device 10 through a ball-plane pair, and drives the guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator 15 and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the guide rail relative to the initial measured position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the guide rail at the measuring point;
step I-3: according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer 13, the roll angle of the guide rail at the measuring point is adjusted, and at each measuring point, the steps are repeated, so that the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the whole guide rail and the roll around the axis of the whole guide rail can be adjusted;
Step II-1: for the second guide rail of the tested product, the straightness of the second guide rail on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface and the transverse rolling around the axis of the second guide rail are required to be adjusted according to the first guide rail, and the problem of the height of the second guide rail and the first guide rail is solved; moving the laser autocollimator 15 to a position parallel to the axis of the second guide rail along the vertical plane by using an optical translation assembly; a reflector 12 is fixedly arranged on the sliding block of the second guide rail so as to be vertical to the light path of the laser autocollimator 15; fixedly mounting an inclinometer 13 so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the second guide rail; the laser autocollimator 15 and the reflecting mirror 12 are regulated, so that the autocollimator can obtain a reflected image in the range of the full range;
step II-2: the first guide rail slide block floating traction device 10 is connected with the floating traction device connecting block 11 through a pin shaft, and if the pin shaft is pulled out, the floating traction device connecting block 11 and the first guide rail slide block can be easily separated; by utilizing the pin shaft, the floating traction device connecting block 11 and the first guide rail sliding block form a revolute pair, and the axis of the revolute pair is parallel to the axis of the first guide rail; the other end of the floating traction device connecting block 11 is provided with a long round hole, the bottom of the floating traction device connecting block is provided with a semicircular bulge, and the round pin is sleeved on the second guide rail sliding block. An inclinometer 13 is mounted on the floating traction device connecting block 11; when the first guide rail slide block moves under the drive of the U-shaped connecting block 9, the floating traction device connecting block 11 moves along with the first guide rail slide block and drives the second guide rail slide block to move together; when the height of the second guide rail slide block changes relative to the height of the first guide rail slide block, the floating traction device connecting block 11 can rotate around the pin shaft to a certain extent; the inclinometer 13 on the floating traction device connecting block 11 can measure the height change of the two guide rail sliding blocks, so as to guide the height adjustment of the second guide rail relative to the first guide rail;
Step II-3: a plurality of measuring points are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the second guide rail, and the U-shaped connecting block 9 is connected through a ball-plane pair to drive the first guide rail slide block to move; the first guide rail sliding block drives the second guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point through the span plate; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator 15 and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the guide rail relative to the initial measured position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the guide rail at the measuring point; meanwhile, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer 13 on the second guide rail sliding block, the roll angle of the guide rail at the measuring point is adjusted; on the other hand, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer 13 on the floating traction device connecting block 11, the height of the second guide rail sliding block relative to the first guide rail sliding block is adjusted; at each measuring point, repeating the steps to adjust the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the second guide rail, the roll around the axis of the second guide rail and the height relative to the first guide rail;
step III-1: for the ball screw of the tested product, the straightness of the ball screw on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface is required to be adjusted according to the first guide rail, and the problem of the height of the ball screw and the first guide rail is solved; moving the laser autocollimator 15 to a position parallel to the ball screw axis along a vertical plane by using an optical translation assembly; a reflector 12 is fixedly arranged on a nut sliding block of the ball screw so as to be vertical to the light path of the laser autocollimator 15; furthermore, the inclinometer 13 is fixedly mounted so as to be perpendicular to the ball screw axis; the laser autocollimator 15 and the reflecting mirror 12 are regulated, so that the laser autocollimator 15 can obtain a reflected image in the range of the total measuring range;
Step III-2: a jumper plate 16 is arranged on a nut slider of the ball screw; the other end of the span plate 16 is provided with a long round hole, the bottom of the span plate is provided with a semicircular bulge, and the cross plate is sleeved with a cylindrical pin on the first guide rail slide block; mounting inclinometers 13 on the straddling plate 16; when the motor drives the ball screw to move, the nut sliding block moves along with the ball screw and drives the first guide rail sliding block to move together; when the height of the nut slider changes relative to the height of the first guide rail slider, the straddle 16 rotates around the axis of the ball screw; the inclinometer 13 on the straddle 16 can measure the height change of the two sliding blocks, so as to guide the height adjustment of the ball screw relative to the first guide rail;
step III-3: then, uniformly arranging a plurality of measuring points along the length direction of the ball screw; when the motor drives the ball screw to move, the nut sliding block moves along with the ball screw and drives the first guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator 15 and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the ball screw relative to the initial starting measuring position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the ball screw at the measuring point; meanwhile, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer 13 on the span plate 16, the height of the ball screw nut sliding block relative to the first guide rail sliding block is adjusted; at each measuring point, the steps are repeated, and the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the ball screw and the height relative to the first guide rail can be adjusted.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a precision adjusting device towards ball subassembly, its characterized in that includes basic motion module, dress and adjusts precision guarantee module and control module, wherein:
the basic movement module is used for matching and adjusting the ball screw assembly, has a linear movement function, provides an installation environment for the adjustment precision guarantee module, and is convenient for lifting and moving due to the fact that the four corners of the basic movement module are provided with the head screws; the basic movement module consists of a positioning bottom plate (1), a servo motor assembly and an optical translation assembly; the servo motor assembly mainly comprises a longitudinal servo motor (2), a servo motor mounting seat (3), a longitudinal linear module (4) and an I-shaped positioning support frame (5); the longitudinal servo motor (2) is provided with a threaded hole, the end face of the servo motor mounting seat (3) is provided with a corresponding through hole, and the longitudinal servo motor (2) is fixedly connected with the servo motor mounting seat (3) through a bolt; the longitudinal servo motor (2) is connected with the longitudinal linear module (4) through a coupler; the longitudinal linear module (4) is fixedly connected with the I-shaped positioning support frame (5); the I-shaped positioning support frame (5) and the servo motor mounting seat (3) are mounted on the positioning bottom plate (1) according to the positioning surface; the optical translation assembly mainly comprises a transverse servo motor (6), a transverse linear module (7) and a support frame (8); the transverse servo motor (6) is directly fixedly connected with the transverse linear module (7); the transverse linear module (7) is fixedly connected with the support frame (8); the supporting frame (8) is arranged on the positioning bottom plate (1) according to the positioning surface;
The assembly and adjustment precision guarantee module is used for accurately measuring the form and position tolerance of each component of the ball screw assembly in a matched manner and guaranteeing the high-precision assembly and adjustment of each component of the ball screw assembly, and mainly comprises a U-shaped connecting block (9), a floating traction device (10), a floating traction device connecting block (11), a reflecting mirror (12), an inclinometer (13), a switching base (14), a laser auto-collimator (15), a span plate (16) and an L-shaped connecting block (17); the bottom of the U-shaped connecting block (9) is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the longitudinal linear module (4); the reflecting mirror (12) is fixed on the front surface of the floating traction device (10) in a bolt pressing mode; the bottom of the floating traction device (10) is fixed on a sliding block of a tested product guide rail, and a spherical joint at the tail end of a connecting rod of the floating traction device (10) is arranged in a U-shaped groove of a U-shaped connecting block (9); the inclinometer (13) is adsorbed on the surface of the sliding block of the tested product guide rail through the magnetic force of the bottom surface; the laser auto-collimator (15) is fixedly connected with the adapter base (14), and then the adapter base (14) is fixed on the sliding block of the transverse linear module (7);
the control module is used for realizing the functions of driving control, information measurement and the like of electromechanical components in the assembling and adjusting process of the ball screw assembly, and mainly comprises a motion controller (18), upper computer software (19), an industrial personal computer (20), a servo motor driver (21) and a data acquisition system (22); the upper computer software (19) runs on the industrial personal computer (20), and the motion controller (18) and the data acquisition system (22) are connected with the industrial personal computer (20); the servo motor driver (21) is connected with the motion controller (18), the longitudinal servo motor (2) and the transverse servo motor (6) at the same time.
2. The precision adjusting device for a ball screw assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning bottom plate (1) is used for installing a ball screw assembly, a servo motor assembly, an optical translation assembly and the like; and a positioning surface is arranged on the positioning bottom plate (1), so that the ball screw assembly, the servo motor assembly, the optical translation assembly and the like can be conveniently installed and positioned.
3. The precision adjusting device for a ball screw assembly according to claim 1, wherein: according to different working conditions, the floating traction device (10), the floating traction device connecting block (11), the straddling plate (16) and the L-shaped connecting block (17) are required to be matched alternately, the U-shaped connecting block (9) is connected with a spherical joint of the floating traction device (10), and a 'ball-plane pair' with 5 degrees of freedom is realized, so that floating traction is carried out, and the constraint of pitching and rolling directions is not additionally applied to a guide rail sliding block to be tested, so that the adjustment of the geometric tolerance of the guide rail to be tested is not influenced.
4. The precision adjusting device for a ball screw assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the laser autocollimator (15) is arranged on the sliding block of the optical translation device, the laser axis of the laser autocollimator is parallel to the axis of the guide rail to be detected along the vertical plane, the reflecting mirror (12) is arranged on the sliding block of the guide rail to be detected, and the straightness of the guide rail where the sliding block is positioned and the straightness of the vertical plane are measured by means of the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12), so that the straightness of the guide rail is inspected.
5. The precision adjusting device for a ball screw assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the inclinometer (13) is arranged on the detected guide rail sliding block, and measures the rolling angle of the sliding block around the axis of the guide rail when the sliding block moves along the guide rail, so that the detection of the rolling angle of the guide rail is realized.
6. A method for precision adjustment of a ball screw assembly, comprising: the method is completed based on the precision adjusting device facing the ball screw assembly according to any one of claims one to five, and is completed by the mutual cooperation of a control module, a basic motion module and an adjustment precision guaranteeing module, wherein the control module consists of a motion controller (18), upper computer software (19), an industrial personal computer (20), a servo motor driver (21) and a data acquisition system (22); the upper computer software (19) sends an instruction to the industrial personal computer (20), the industrial personal computer (20) receives the instruction and then sends the instruction to the motion controller (18), the motion controller (18) sends the instruction to the servo motor driver (21), and the servo motor driver (21) controls the servo motor to move according to the instruction; the laser auto-collimator (15) and the inclinometer (13) collect the current measured product position angle data, the data collection system (22) receives the measured product position angle data, and the data information is displayed on the upper computer software (19); comparing the measured product position angle data received by the data acquisition system (22) with target data set in the upper computer software (19), and sending a new instruction by the upper computer software (19) to control the servo motor to move, so that the precision adjustment of the ball screw assembly is realized by reciprocating adjustment;
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step I-1: for a first guide rail of a tested product, the straightness of the first guide rail on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane and the rolling of the first guide rail around the axis of the first guide rail are required to be adjusted simultaneously; moving the laser autocollimator (15) to a position parallel to the axis of the first guide rail along the vertical plane by utilizing an optical translation assembly, and fixedly installing a reflecting mirror (12) on a sliding block of the first guide rail to enable the reflecting mirror to be perpendicular to the light path of the laser autocollimator (15); fixedly mounting an inclinometer (13) so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the guide rail; the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12) are regulated, so that the laser autocollimator (15) can obtain a reflected image in the range of the total measuring range, and a plurality of measuring points are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the guide rail;
step I-2: the U-shaped connecting block (9) is connected with the floating traction device (10) through a ball-plane pair, and drives the guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator (15) and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the guide rail relative to the initial starting measuring position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the guide rail at the measuring point;
step I-3: according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer (13), the roll angle of the guide rail at the measuring point is regulated, and at each measuring point, the steps are repeated, so that the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the whole guide rail and the roll around the axis of the guide rail can be regulated;
Step II-1: for the second guide rail of the tested product, the straightness of the second guide rail on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface and the transverse rolling around the axis of the second guide rail are required to be adjusted according to the first guide rail, and the problem of the height of the second guide rail and the first guide rail is solved; moving the laser autocollimator (15) to a position parallel to the axis of the second guide rail along the vertical plane by utilizing an optical translation assembly; a reflector (12) is fixedly arranged on the sliding block of the second guide rail, so that the reflector is perpendicular to the light path of the laser autocollimator (15); fixedly mounting an inclinometer (13) so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the second guide rail; the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12) are regulated, so that the autocollimator can obtain a reflected image in the range of the full range;
step II-2: the first guide rail slide block floating traction device (10) is connected with the floating traction device connecting block (11) through a pin shaft, and if the pin shaft is pulled out, the separation of the floating traction device connecting block (11) and the first guide rail slide block can be easily realized; by utilizing the pin shaft, a floating traction device connecting block (11) and a first guide rail sliding block form a revolute pair, and the axis of the revolute pair is parallel to the axis of the first guide rail; the other end of the floating traction device connecting block (11) is provided with a slotted hole, the bottom of the floating traction device connecting block is provided with a semicircular bulge, and the semicircular bulge is sleeved into a cylindrical pin on the second guide rail sliding block; an inclinometer (13) is arranged on the floating traction device connecting block (11); when the first guide rail slide block moves under the drive of the U-shaped connecting block (9), the floating traction device connecting block (11) moves along with the first guide rail slide block and drives the second guide rail slide block to move together; when the height of the second guide rail slide block changes relative to the height of the first guide rail slide block, the floating traction device connecting block (11) can rotate around the pin shaft to a certain extent; the inclinometer (13) on the floating traction device connecting block (11) can measure the height change of the two guide rail sliding blocks, so as to guide the height adjustment of the second guide rail relative to the first guide rail;
Step II-3: a plurality of measuring points are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the second guide rail, and the U-shaped connecting block (9) is connected through a ball-plane pair to drive the first guide rail slide block to move; the first guide rail sliding block drives the second guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point through the span plate; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator (15) and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the guide rail relative to the initial starting measuring position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the guide rail at the measuring point; simultaneously, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer (13) on the second guide rail slide block, the roll angle of the guide rail at the measuring point is adjusted; on the other hand, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer (13) on the floating traction device connecting block (11), the height of the second guide rail sliding block relative to the first guide rail sliding block is adjusted; at each measuring point, repeating the steps to adjust the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the second guide rail, the roll around the axis of the second guide rail and the height relative to the first guide rail;
step III-1: for the ball screw of the tested product, the straightness of the ball screw on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface is required to be adjusted according to the first guide rail, and the problem of the height of the ball screw and the first guide rail is solved; moving the laser autocollimator (15) to a position parallel to the axis of the ball screw along a vertical plane by utilizing an optical translation assembly; a reflector (12) is fixedly arranged on a nut sliding block of the ball screw so as to be vertical to the light path of the laser auto-collimator (15); furthermore, an inclinometer (13) is fixedly mounted so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the ball screw; the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12) are regulated, so that the laser autocollimator (15) can obtain a reflected image in the range of the total measuring range;
Step III-2: a cross plate (16) is arranged on a nut sliding block of the ball screw; a slotted hole is processed at the other end of the span plate (16), a semicircular bulge is processed at the bottom of the span plate, and the cross plate is sleeved with a cylindrical pin on the first guide rail slide block; mounting an inclinometer (13) on the straddle (16); when the motor drives the ball screw to move, the nut sliding block moves along with the ball screw and drives the first guide rail sliding block to move together; when the height of the nut sliding block changes relative to the height of the first guide rail sliding block, the jumper plate (16) can rotate around the axis of the ball screw to a certain extent; the inclinometer (13) on the span plate (16) can measure the height change of the two sliding blocks, so as to guide the height adjustment of the ball screw relative to the first guide rail;
step III-3: then, uniformly arranging a plurality of measuring points along the length direction of the ball screw; when the motor drives the ball screw to move, the nut sliding block moves along with the ball screw and drives the first guide rail sliding block to sequentially move to each measuring point; at the measuring point, recording the biaxial angle value of the current laser autocollimator (15) and calculating the fluctuation change of the current position of the ball screw relative to the initial starting measuring position, thereby adjusting the horizontal plane straightness and the vertical plane straightness of the ball screw at the measuring point; meanwhile, according to the reading indication value of the inclinometer (13) on the span plate (16), the height of the ball screw nut sliding block relative to the first guide rail sliding block is adjusted; at each measuring point, the steps are repeated, and the straightness of the vertical surface and the straightness of the horizontal surface of the ball screw and the height relative to the first guide rail can be adjusted.
7. A method of precision adjustment for a ball screw assembly as defined in claim 6, wherein: the straightness detection method is that a reflecting mirror (12) is arranged on a guide rail slide block to be detected; the laser autocollimator (15) and the reflecting mirror (12) are regulated, so that the laser autocollimator (15) can obtain a reflected image in the range of the full range; moving the reflecting mirror (12) and the sliding block to an initial starting position of the guide rail, recording the Y component angle value delta theta Y of the current laser auto-collimator (15), and then moving the reflecting mirror (12) to finish the measurement of the whole guide rail according to the initially set intercept b; the angle value delta theta Y of the Y component of the laser autocollimator (15) reflects the change of the current position of the guide rail relative to the initial measured position, and is specifically expressed as the slope value of each section relative to the initial position, so that the change of the height of the current point relative to the initial reference point can be calculated as delta h = delta theta yb; then according to fitting principles such as a least square method or a least inclusion method, a straightness change curve of the whole guide rail on a vertical plane can be drawn; the straightness change curve of the whole section of guide rail on the horizontal plane can be drawn in the same way, so that the assembly and adjustment of the straightness of the guide rail are guided.
8. A method of precision adjustment for a ball screw assembly as defined in claim 6, wherein: the roll angle measuring method is that an inclinometer (13) is arranged on the surface of a tested guide rail sliding block, if a linear guide rail has torsion around the axis of the linear guide rail, the sliding block generates a certain roll angle around the axis of the guide rail when moving on the guide rail, and the inclinometer (13) arranged on the surface of the sliding block reads the roll angle, so that the adjustment of the roll angle of the guide rail is guided.
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