CN114668797B - Plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114668797B CN114668797B CN202210298183.4A CN202210298183A CN114668797B CN 114668797 B CN114668797 B CN 114668797B CN 202210298183 A CN202210298183 A CN 202210298183A CN 114668797 B CN114668797 B CN 114668797B
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- A61K36/734—Crataegus (hawthorn)
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicines, and discloses an antioxidant, hypolipidemic and liver-protecting plant fermentation broth, and a preparation method and application thereof. The plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver adopts four medicinal materials of hawthorn, mushroom, purslane and dandelion to be mutually compatible, has multiple effects under the fermentation action of probiotics, and has more remarkable effects than the water extract. The plant fermentation liquid has the functions of resisting oxidation and delaying aging, has various effects of reducing cholesterol and blood fat, relieving liver injury, protecting colon mucous membrane and the like, and has excellent application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicines, in particular to an antioxidant, hypolipidemic and liver-protecting plant fermentation broth, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Oxidative Stress (OS) is a condition in which the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) in the body and the elimination of the antioxidant system are not coordinated, so that the time homeostasis is destroyed, excessive ROS and RNS substances remain in the body, the antioxidant capacity of the body is reduced, the level of Oxidative Stress is increased, and the damage to tissues and cells of the body and the damage to vital activities are caused. Under oxidative stress, excessive oxygen free radicals are generated in the body to attack biological macromolecules, so that the biological membranes are damaged, the proteins are inactivated, enzymes are denatured, fat oxidation is promoted, the replication and expression errors of DNA are induced, and the like, and further the cells and tissues are damaged. Research shows that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of a plurality of chronic diseases, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and the like, and the oxidative stress is a common disease 'soil' of the diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an antioxidant, hypolipidemic and liver-protecting plant fermentation broth, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an antioxidant, hypolipidemic and liver-protecting plant fermentation liquid, which comprises the following fermentation substrates in parts by weight:
1-3 parts of hawthorn, 1-3 parts of mushroom, 1-3 parts of dandelion and 1-3 parts of purslane.
The crataegolic acid is sweet and slightly warm, and contains organic acid, flavone, flavonoid glycoside and other compounds in spleen, stomach and liver channels; lentinus Edodes contains abundant amino acids, proteins and microelements. Herba Taraxaci and herba Portulacae are rich in flavonoids and organic acids.
As a preferred embodiment of the plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver, the plant fermentation liquid also comprises probiotics; the probiotics comprise lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus; the mass ratio of the lactobacillus plantarum to the lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: (1-3).
The probiotics fermented traditional Chinese medicine can fully release the effective components in the traditional Chinese medicine, so that the medicine activity is improved and enhanced, and meanwhile, the fermentation liquor contains a large amount of active enzymes, so that the organism can quickly absorb the active enzymes.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidization, reducing blood fat and protecting liver, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Pulverizing fructus crataegi and Lentinus Edodes, mixing with herba Taraxaci and herba Portulacae, decocting in water, collecting filtrate, collecting residue, adding water, decocting, and collecting filtrate; combining the two filtrates to obtain a composite extract;
(2) Cooling the obtained composite extract, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus into the obtained composite extract, fermenting, sterilizing, homogenizing, and packaging.
The preferred implementation mode of the preparation method of the plant fermentation broth for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver is characterized in that in the step (1), the ratio of feed liquid for the first decoction is 1 (5-15), and the decoction time is 0.5-2 h; the second decoction time is 1 (6-10), and the decoction time is 0.5-1 h.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the plant fermentation broth for resisting oxidation, reducing blood lipid and protecting liver, in the step (2), the plant fermentation broth is cooled to 30-37 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the plant fermentation broth for resisting oxidation, reducing blood lipid and protecting liver, in the step (2), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus is 2-20 wt% of the composite extract; the mass ratio of the lactobacillus plantarum to the lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: (1-3).
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver, in the step (2), the fermentation time is 32-60 h.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a product obtained by the preparation method.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a health food, a functional food, comprising the plant fermentation broth or the product.
In a preferred embodiment of the food according to the present invention, the food is in the form of any one of a hard capsule, a candy, a granule, a tablet, an oral liquid, and a drink.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver adopts four medicinal materials of hawthorn, mushroom, purslane and dandelion to be mutually compatible, has multiple effects under the fermentation action of probiotics, and has more remarkable effects than the water extract. The plant fermentation liquid has the functions of resisting oxidation and delaying aging, has various effects of reducing cholesterol and blood fat, relieving liver injury, protecting colon mucous membrane and the like, and has excellent application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a plant fermentation broth.
FIG. 2 shows the results of HE staining of rat liver tissue (. Times.400);
FIG. 3 shows the results of HE staining of rat colon tissue (. Times.200).
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
The test methods used in the examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available. The probiotics are all strains which can be used for food. The lactobacillus plantarum isLactobacillus plantarumThe lactobacillus acidophilus isLactobacillus acidophilus。
Example 1: plant fermentation liquor for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver
The preparation method of the plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood lipid and protecting liver is shown in figure 1.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pulverizing fructus crataegi and Lentinus Edodes, mixing with herba Taraxaci and herba Portulacae, decocting in water, collecting filtrate, filtering residue, adding water, decocting, filtering, collecting filtrate, and mixing the filtrates to obtain compound extractive solution;
wherein, 3 parts of hawthorn, 3 parts of mushroom, 5 parts of purslane and 3 parts of dandelion are calculated according to parts by weight; the first time of the material-liquid ratio is 1:10, the decoction time is 2 hours, the second time of the material-liquid ratio is 1:10, and the time is 1 hour.
(2) Cooling the obtained composite extract to 30 ℃, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus into the obtained composite extract for fermentation for 32-60 hours, sterilizing, homogenizing and filling to obtain the plant fermentation liquid.
Wherein the inoculation amount of the lactobacillus plantarum and the lactobacillus acidophilus is 10 weight percent of the composite extracting solution; the mass ratio of the lactobacillus plantarum to the lactobacillus acidophilus is 1:1.
Example 2: plant fermentation liquor for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver
The preparation method of the plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver comprises the following steps:
(1) Pulverizing fructus crataegi and Lentinus Edodes, mixing with herba Taraxaci and herba Portulacae, decocting in water, collecting filtrate, filtering residue, adding water, decocting, filtering, collecting filtrate, and mixing the filtrates to obtain compound extractive solution;
wherein, according to the weight portion, 2 portions of hawthorn, 2 portions of mushroom, 1 portion of purslane and 1 portion of dandelion; the first time of the decoction is 1:10, the decoction time is 1.5h, the second time of the decoction is 1:8, and the time is 30min.
(2) Cooling the obtained composite extract to 36 ℃, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus into the obtained composite extract for fermentation for 32 hours, sterilizing, homogenizing and filling to obtain the plant fermentation liquid.
Wherein the inoculation amount of the lactobacillus plantarum and the lactobacillus acidophilus is 20 weight percent of the composite extracting solution; the mass ratio of the lactobacillus plantarum to the lactobacillus acidophilus is 1:3.
Example 3: plant fermentation liquor for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver
The preparation method of the plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver comprises the following steps:
(1) Pulverizing fructus crataegi and Lentinus Edodes, mixing with herba Taraxaci and herba Portulacae, decocting in water, collecting filtrate, filtering residue, adding water, decocting, filtering, collecting filtrate, and mixing the filtrates to obtain compound extractive solution;
wherein, 1 part of hawthorn, 1 part of mushroom, 3 parts of purslane and 2 parts of dandelion by mass; the first time of the decoction is 1:5, the decoction time is 0.5h, the second time of the decoction is 1:6, and the time is 30min.
(2) Cooling the obtained composite extract to 37 ℃, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus into the obtained composite extract for fermentation for 48 hours, sterilizing, homogenizing and filling to obtain the plant fermentation liquid.
Wherein the inoculation amount of the lactobacillus plantarum and the lactobacillus acidophilus is 5 weight percent of the composite extracting solution; the mass ratio of the lactobacillus plantarum to the lactobacillus acidophilus is 1:2.
Example 4: health food
The plant fermentation broth prepared in the embodiment 1 is taken to prepare a health food, and the formulation of the health food can be hard capsules or oral liquid.
Example 5: functional food
The plant fermentation broth prepared in the embodiment 2 is taken to prepare functional food, and the functional food can be in the form of candy or beverage.
Test example 1: detecting the components before and after fermentation
The crude polysaccharide, total acid (calculated as acetic acid), lactic acid and total flavone content in the aqueous extract and plant broth of example 2 were measured and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 content of ingredients
It can be seen that after lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus are fermented, the contents of crude polysaccharide, total acid (calculated by acetic acid), lactic acid and total flavone in the extracting solution are obviously increased, and the pH value is reduced.
Test example 2: animal experiment
(1) Animal modeling and administration
Modeling and administration of animals: the SPF-class SD male rats are adopted, the rat glycolipid metabolism disorder and aging are caused by modeling, and the preventive administration of the test substances is synchronously carried out (high, medium and low dose groups, a blank group, a model group and an aqueous extract control group are respectively established, and each group of animals is more than or equal to 6).
The water extract control group adopts the water extract prepared in the example 2, and is administrated by lavage every day according to 8.3 mL/kg; the high dose group of the high, medium and low dose groups was dosed by daily gavage according to 16.6 mL/kg, the medium dose group was dosed by daily gavage according to 8.3mL/kg, and the low dose group was dosed by daily gavage according to 4.15 mL/kg using the plant broth prepared in example 2.
At the end of the 8 th week experiment, the relevant index was obtained and determined.
Detecting the contents of cholesterol, triglyceride, glutathione, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in serum by using the kit; the right lobe of the liver was homogenized with 10% of physiological saline solution at 0.9%, and the triglyceride content of the liver tissue was detected by using the kit.
SD rats were dissected from the middle of the colon (10 cm) and right lobe of the liver, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE).
(3) Detection result
First, cholesterol and blood lipid lowering index detection.
The test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 detection results
Note that: * : p <0.05 compared to model group; * *: p <0.01 compared to model group; #: p <0.05 compared to the water extract control; # #. P <0.01 compared to the water extract control group.
The blank group showed statistical differences in serum cholesterol and triglycerides compared to the model group, indicating that it is meaningful to observe and discuss the relevant index values under this model.
In the aspect of reducing blood fat, the results show that the low dose group, the medium dose group and the high dose group have sequentially enhanced effects of reducing blood fat and cholesterol. The data of reducing blood fat show that the efficacy of the plant fermentation product and the efficacy of the water extract group (control group) are greatly different, which indicates that the pharmacological efficacy of the plant fermentation liquid is far from that of the water extract, and each dosage group of the fermented plant fermentation liquid has obvious difference on serum, thus the blood fat reducing effect of the plant fermentation liquid is obviously improved by fermentation.
And secondly, detecting an antioxidant function index.
The test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 detection results
Note that: * : p <0.05 compared to model group; * *: p <0.01 compared to model group; #: p <0.05 compared to the water extract control; # #. P <0.01 compared to the water extract control group.
Compared with a model group, the serum superoxide dismutase, the glutathione and the malondialdehyde all show statistical differences, which indicates that the composite model is similar to an oxidative aging experimental model, and the model has significance in observing and discussing the values of antioxidant indexes.
The plant fermentation liquid has significant differences in the related indexes of serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione, malondialdehyde and the like, and has significant differences with the efficacy of a water extraction group (a control group), which indicates that the plant fermentation liquid has antioxidant efficacy.
Thirdly, detecting liver protection indexes.
The data of plant fermentation broth in terms of triglycerides in liver homogenates are shown in table 4 and the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining results of rat liver tissue are shown in fig. 2 and table 5.
TABLE 4 detection results
Note that: * : p <0.05 compared to model group; * *: p <0.01 compared to model group; #: p <0.05 compared to the water extract group; # #. P <0.01 compared to the water extract group.
TABLE 5 liver tissue staining results
The blank group showed statistical differences in triglycerides in liver tissue compared to the model group, indicating that it is meaningful to observe and discuss the relevant index values under this model. The low dose group, the medium dose group and the high dose group have a tendency to reduce the content of triglyceride in liver tissues, so that the plant fermentation liquid has efficacy prospect in fatty liver alleviation and protection. The data in Table 4 shows that the dose groups of the fermented plant fermentation broth have significant differences in triglyceride in liver tissue, indicating that the liver protection effect of the plant fermentation broth is significantly increased by fermentation.
Compared with a model group, the high, medium and low dose group of the plant fermentation liquid has the advantages that the conditions of rat liver tissue steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatocyte necrosis and the like are obviously improved, and the high dose group has more obvious effect, so that the plant fermentation liquid can effectively relieve liver injury and has wide development prospect in the aspect of fatty liver prevention and treatment.
Fourth, protect the detection of the index of mucous membrane of colon.
Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining results of colon tissue are shown in fig. 3 and table 6.
TABLE 6 colon tissue staining results
The HE staining result of the colon tissue of the rat shows that the plant fermentation liquid has obvious improvement effect on the shedding of epithelial cells of the mucous membrane layer of the colon tissue of the rat.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The plant fermentation liquor is characterized by being prepared from a fermentation substrate and probiotics, wherein the fermentation substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of hawthorn, 1-3 parts of lentinus edodes, 1-3 parts of dandelion and 1-3 parts of purslane;
the probiotics comprise lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus; the mass ratio of the lactobacillus plantarum to the lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: (1-3);
the preparation method of the plant fermentation liquid for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver comprises the following steps:
(1) Pulverizing fructus crataegi and Lentinus Edodes, mixing with herba Taraxaci and herba Portulacae, decocting in water, collecting filtrate, collecting residue, adding water, decocting, and collecting filtrate; combining the two filtrates to obtain a composite extract;
(2) Cooling the obtained composite extract, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus acidophilus into the obtained composite extract for fermentation, sterilizing, homogenizing and filling to obtain the product;
in the step (2), the inoculation amount of the lactobacillus plantarum and the lactobacillus acidophilus is 2-20wt% of the composite extracting solution.
2. The plant fermentation broth for resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and protecting liver according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the ratio of feed liquid in the first decoction is 1 (5-15), and the decoction time is 0.5-2 h; the second decoction time is 1 (6-10), and the decoction time is 0.5-1 h.
3. The antioxidant hypolipidemic liver-protecting plant broth of claim 1, wherein in step (2) the cooling is to 30 ℃ -37 ℃.
4. The plant fermentation broth of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the fermentation time is 32-60 h.
5. An antioxidant and auxiliary hypolipidemic health food comprising the plant fermentation broth of claim 1 or 2.
6. The health food according to claim 5, wherein the formulation of the health food is any one of hard capsules, candies, granules, tablets and drinks.
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