CN114665167A - Preparation method of organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer for stabilizing zinc metal cathode - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer for stabilizing zinc metal cathode Download PDFInfo
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- CN114665167A CN114665167A CN202210427762.4A CN202210427762A CN114665167A CN 114665167 A CN114665167 A CN 114665167A CN 202210427762 A CN202210427762 A CN 202210427762A CN 114665167 A CN114665167 A CN 114665167A
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000011533 mixed conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/38—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0416—Methods of deposition of the material involving impregnation with a solution, dispersion, paste or dry powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/42—Alloys based on zinc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer for stabilizing a zinc metal cathode, which comprises the following steps: (1) taking a proper amount of PEDOT (Poly ethylene glycol ether ketone) solution, and coating the solution on the surface of the zinc foil in a spin coating manner; (2) drying the coated zinc foil, assembling the battery, and then carrying out in-situ chemical crosslinking on zinc ions in the electrolyte and PEDOT (PSS), so as to obtain an organic ion/electron mixed interface layer; (3) the coated zinc foils were assembled into symmetrical cells for electrochemical performance testing. According to the invention, the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer is used for protecting the zinc cathode for the first time, so that the cycling stability of the zinc metal cathode is effectively improved; the preparation process of the invention is very simple, can be realized by a coating method only, and does not use toxic and harmful raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aqueous zinc ion battery, in particular to a preparation method of an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer for stabilizing a zinc metal negative electrode.
Background
Water-based zinc ion battery with high theoretical capacity (820mAh g)-1Or 5854mAh cm-3)、High safety, low cost and the like, and is concerned by people. However, zinc metal as a negative electrode of aqueous zinc ion batteries has uncontrollable zinc dendrite growth and undesirable side reactions, greatly hindering the development of aqueous zinc ion batteries.
In this context, efforts have been made to stabilize zinc metal anodes by adjusting the electrolyte/electrode interface. Wherein, the construction of the artificial interface layer is the simplest and most effective interface regulation strategy. Inorganic interfacial layers such as Cu nanowires, MXene, etc. have been applied to the stabilization of zinc metal anodes. However, these rigid inorganic interfacial layers typically require complex manufacturing processes and use toxic and hazardous reagents, and there is a risk of exfoliation with the zinc anode during prolonged electrochemical cycling resulting in a diminished protective effect. In recent years, polymeric interfacial layers (polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, etc.) have been used for protection of zinc metal anodes to some extent to offset the disadvantages of rigid inorganic interfacial layers, but it remains a challenge to achieve long zinc deposition/exfoliation cycle life at high current densities for zinc anodes with improved polymeric interfacial layers.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a method for preparing an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer for stabilizing a zinc metal negative electrode, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interfacial layer for stabilizing a zinc metal negative electrode, comprising the steps of:
(1) coating a proper amount of PEDOT (PSS) solution on the surface of the zinc foil in a spin coating manner;
(2) drying the coated zinc foil, and after assembling the battery, carrying out in-situ chemical crosslinking on zinc ions in the electrolyte and PEDOT (PSS), so as to obtain an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer;
(3) the coated zinc foils were assembled into symmetrical cells for electrochemical performance testing.
Furthermore, the concentration of the PEDOT PSS solution is 0.4 wt% -1.6 wt%.
Furthermore, the drying temperature is 10-80 ℃, and the drying time is 12-24 h.
Further, the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer can be used for protecting other metal cathodes, and the other metals are lithium, magnesium or aluminum.
Further, the assembled symmetrical battery achieves a long cycle life at high current densities.
Further, at a current density of 20mAcm-2The surface capacity is 4mAh cm-2The zinc deposition/stripping cycle life was 250 h.
Further, at a current density of 5mAcm-2The surface capacity is 2.5mAh cm-2The zinc deposition/stripping cycle life was 650 h.
Further, at a current density of 2mAcm-2The surface capacity is 1mAh cm-2The zinc deposition/stripping cycle life was 700 h.
According to the invention, by utilizing the film forming characteristic of PEDOT and PSS, a uniform PEDOT and PSS film is formed on the surface of a zinc foil, after a battery is assembled, the PEDOT and PSS and zinc ions in an electrolyte undergo an in-situ chemical crosslinking reaction to obtain an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer with negative-charged functional groups (-SO)3 -) Has shielding SO4 2-The anion effectively inhibits the occurrence of side reaction and corrosion. In addition, C-S, SO in the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer3 -The functional group has strong chemical action with zinc, can induce the deposition of zinc and prevent the aggregation of zinc ions. Meanwhile, the conductive organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer can effectively homogenize an interface electric field, and uniform zinc ion distribution is realized, so that the stability of the zinc cathode is greatly improved by the prepared organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer is used for protecting the zinc cathode for the first time, so that the cycling stability of the zinc metal cathode is effectively improved; deposition/stripping life of zinc: at 5mAcm-2The current density can reach 650h at 20mAcm-2The cycle life can reach 250h under the current density and is 2mA cm-2The cycle life under the current density can reach 700 h.
(2) The preparation process of the invention is very simple, can be realized by a coating method only, and does not use toxic and harmful raw materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the surface topography of a PSS film and an interfacial layer of an organic ion-electron mixed conductor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention at a current density of 4mA cm-2Depositing 2mAh cm on the copper foil-2A topographic map of zinc deposited on the post-zinc copper foil;
FIG. 3 shows that the thickness of the zinc cathode modified by the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer in example 1 of the present invention is 5mA cm-2/2.5mAh cm-2Lower zinc deposition/strip cycle performance map;
FIG. 4 shows that the thickness of the zinc cathode modified by the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer in example 2 of the present invention is 20mA cm-2/4mAh cm-2Lower zinc deposition/strip cycle performance map;
FIG. 5 shows that the zinc cathode modified by the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer of example 3 of the invention is 2mA cm-2/1mAh cm-2Zinc deposition/stripping cycle performance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Water-based zinc ion battery with high theoretical capacity (820mAh g)-1Or 5854mAh cm-3) High safety, low cost and the like, and is well paid attention to people. However, zinc metal as a negative electrode of aqueous zinc ion batteries has uncontrollable zinc dendrite growth and undesirable side reactions, greatly hindering the development of aqueous zinc ion batteries.
Based on this, efforts have been made to stabilize zinc metal anodes by adjusting the electrolyte/electrode interface. The construction of the artificial interface layer is the simplest and most effective interface regulation strategy. Inorganic interfacial layers such as Cu nanowires, MXene, etc. have been applied for stabilization of zinc metal anodes. However, these rigid inorganic interfacial layers generally require complex manufacturing processes and use toxic and hazardous reagents, and there is a risk of detachment from the zinc negative electrode during prolonged electrochemical cycling resulting in a diminished protective effect. In recent years, polymeric interfacial layers (polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, etc.) have been used for protection of zinc metal anodes to some extent to offset the disadvantages of rigid inorganic interfacial layers, but it remains a challenge to achieve long zinc deposition/exfoliation cycle life at high current densities for zinc anodes with improved polymeric interfacial layers.
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a preparation method of an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer for stabilizing a zinc metal negative electrode.
Example 1
(1) An organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer preparation method comprises the following steps: coating a proper amount of 50 mul of PEDOT (PSS) solution with the concentration of 0.45 wt% on the surface of the zinc foil by a spin coating method; the coated zinc foil was dried at 25 ℃ for 12 h.
(2) Electrochemical performance test
The prepared zinc cathode was tested for the cycle performance of zinc deposition/stripping using Chenghua CHI electrochemical workstation. The test condition is that in a two-electrode system, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are zinc foils modified by interface layers, and the electrolyte is 2M ZnSO4And assembling the battery into a symmetrical battery. The current density of the zinc cathode modified by the organic ion/electronic mixed conductor interface layer is 5mA cm-2Surface capacity of 2.5mAh cm-2In the following, a long cycle life is achieved: (650h)。
Example 2
(1) An organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer preparation method comprises the following steps: PSS solution with the concentration of 1 wt% and a proper amount of 20 mul is taken to be coated on the surface of the zinc foil by a spin coating method; the coated zinc foil was dried at 55 ℃ for 12 h.
(2) Electrochemical performance test
The prepared zinc cathode was tested for the cycle performance of zinc deposition/stripping using Chenghua CHI electrochemical workstation. The test condition is that in a two-electrode system, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are zinc foils modified by interface layers, and the electrolyte is 2M ZnSO4And assembling the symmetrical battery. The current density of the zinc cathode modified by the organic ion/electronic mixed conductor interface layer is 20mA cm-2Surface capacity of 4mAh cm-2Long cycle life (250h) was achieved.
Example 3
(1) An organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer preparation method comprises the following steps: coating a proper amount of 60 mu l of PEDOT (PSS) solution with the concentration of 0.6 wt% on the surface of the zinc foil by a spin coating method; the coated zinc foil was dried at 80 ℃ for 12 h.
(2) Electrochemical performance test
The prepared zinc cathode was tested for the cycle performance of zinc deposition/stripping using Chenghua CHI electrochemical workstation. The test condition is that in a two-electrode system, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are zinc foils modified by interface layers, and the electrolyte is 2M ZnSO4And assembling the symmetrical battery. Zinc cathode modified by organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer and having current density of 2mA cm-2Surface capacity of 1mAh cm-2Long cycle life (700h) was achieved.
PSS solution is coated on the surface of a zinc sheet and dried, a uniform blue film is formed on the surface of the zinc sheet, and the film layer is composed of uniform nano particles and has the thickness of about 700nm as can be seen from Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images; and c, the graph shows that after the PEDOT/PSS film is contacted with the electrolyte, particles on the film are increased, and the zinc ions in the electrolyte are subjected to chemical crosslinking reaction with the PEDOT/PSS film, so that an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer is obtained.
In FIG. 2, the morphology of the zinc deposit was studied by SEM at a current density of 4mA cm-2Depositing 2mAh cm on the copper foil-2After the zinc is deposited, the zinc deposited on the surface of the copper foil is observed to be very flat and compact, and the thickness of the deposited zinc is only 4 mu m; this result demonstrates that the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interfacial layer can effectively regulate the deposition of zinc.
FIG. 3 shows that the zinc cathode modified by the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer is 5mA cm-2/2.5mAh cm-2The zinc deposition/stripping cycle performance can reach 650h, which is far superior to that of bare zinc (75 h);
FIG. 4 shows that the zinc cathode modified by the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer is 20mA cm-2/4mAh cm-2The zinc deposition/stripping cycle performance can reach 250h, which is far superior to that of naked zinc (28 h);
FIG. 5 shows that the zinc cathode modified by the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer is 2mA cm-2/1mAh cm-2And the zinc deposition/stripping cycle performance can reach 700h, which is far better than that of naked zinc (100 h).
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer for stabilizing a zinc metal negative electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking a proper amount of PEDOT (Poly ethylene glycol ether ketone) solution, and coating the solution on the surface of the zinc foil in a spin coating manner;
(2) drying the coated zinc foil, and after assembling the battery, carrying out in-situ chemical crosslinking on zinc ions in the electrolyte and PEDOT (PSS), so as to obtain an organic ion/electron mixed conductor interface layer;
(3) the coated zinc foils were assembled into symmetrical cells for electrochemical performance testing.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the solution of PEDOT: PSS is 0.4 wt% to 1.6 wt%.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature is 10 to 80 ℃ and the drying time is 12 to 24 hours.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic ion/electron mixed conductor interfacial layer is used to protect a negative electrode of another metal, and the other metal is lithium, magnesium or aluminum.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the assembled symmetrical battery achieves long cycle life at high current density.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the current density is 20mA cm-2Surface capacity of 4mAh cm-2The zinc deposition/stripping cycle life was 250 h.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the current density is 5mA cm-2Surface volume of 2.5mAh cm-2The cycle life of the zinc deposition/stripping is 650 h.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the current density is 2mA cm-2Surface capacity of 1mAh cm-2The cycle life of the zinc deposition/stripping cycle was 700 h.
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CN117691160A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-03-12 | 温州锌时代能源有限公司 | Electrolyte of flow battery and application thereof |
CN117691160B (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-05-07 | 温州锌时代能源有限公司 | Electrolyte of flow battery and application thereof |
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