CN114659794A - Engine detection platform and engine offline detection method - Google Patents
Engine detection platform and engine offline detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an engine detection platform and an engine offline detection method. Wherein, engine testing platform includes: the detection platform comprises a detection position, and the detection position is used for placing an engine to be detected; the vibration sensors are arranged on the detection platform and are positioned on the peripheral side of the detection position; and the controller is connected with the plurality of vibration sensors and is used for determining the detection result of the engine to be detected according to a plurality of vibration data detected by the plurality of vibration sensors. The application provides an engine testing platform, not only sensor arrange easily to realize, can be fine moreover to the engine that awaits measuring carry out vibration data's collection. Through being connected a plurality of vibration sensors with the controller, control data acquisition system carries out the analysis to the vibration data, confirms according to the result of analysis whether to wait to detect the engine and accord with the standard of off-line, can effectual reduction trouble machine loading.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to an engine detection platform and an engine offline detection method.
Background
In the related art, performance detection of noise, vibration and acoustic vibration roughness is required before an engine is offline loaded. For engines with complex structures, particularly diesel engines, how to arrange sensors to acquire vibration data becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art or the related art.
To this end, the invention provides an engine detection platform in a first aspect.
The invention provides an engine offline detection method in a second aspect.
In view of this, the present invention provides an engine testing platform, including: the detection platform comprises a detection position, and the detection position is used for placing an engine to be detected; the vibration sensors are arranged on the detection platform and are positioned on the peripheral side of the detection position; and the controller is connected with the plurality of vibration sensors and used for determining the detection result of the engine to be detected according to a plurality of vibration data detected by the plurality of vibration sensors.
The invention provides an engine detection platform which comprises a detection platform, a plurality of vibration sensors and a controller. Specifically, the detection platform comprises a detection position, and when the engine is subjected to offline detection, the engine to be detected is placed on the detection position.
Furthermore, a plurality of vibration sensors are arranged on the detection platform and located on the peripheral side of the detection position, and the plurality of vibration sensors are used for acquiring a plurality of vibration information of the engine. The structure of engine is comparatively complicated, and especially diesel engine structure is more complicated, arranges the sensor and is difficult to realize on the engine body, through setting up a plurality of vibration sensors, arranges to lie in the week side that detects the position, not only the arranging of sensor easily realizes, arranges a plurality of sensors moreover and can finely carry out the collection of vibration data in week side that detects the position.
Furthermore, the vibration sensors are connected with the controller, the controller can analyze the vibration data after receiving the vibration data, and whether the engine to be detected meets the offline standard or not is determined according to the analysis result.
The application provides an engine testing platform arranges a plurality of vibration sensor through all measuring at the detection position, not only arranging of sensor easily realizes, arranges a plurality of sensors in week side of detecting the position moreover, can be fine carry out vibration data's collection to the engine that awaits measuring. The vibration sensors are connected with the controller, the controller can analyze the vibration data after receiving the vibration data, and whether the engine to be detected meets the offline standard or not is determined according to the analysis result. Through carrying out off-line detection to the engine, can discern the engine that will have a problem before the engine rolls off the production line, effectual trouble machine loading that has reduced.
In addition, the engine detection platform provided by the invention in the above embodiment may further have the following additional technical features:
in the above technical solution, the plurality of vibration sensors are disposed above and around the detection position.
In the technical scheme, the plurality of vibration sensors are arranged above and around the detection position, so that the vibration data of the engine can be collected from multiple directions, and the collected vibration data can more accurately and comprehensively reflect the running condition of the engine to be detected.
In any of the above technical solutions, the plurality of vibration sensors are non-contact vibration sensors.
In this technical scheme, establish a plurality of vibration sensor into non-contact vibration sensor because the engine, especially diesel engine structure is complicated, adopts contact vibration sensor to be difficult to realize, through setting up non-contact sensor, arranges the top of engine and realizes more easily all around, arranges a plurality of sensors in the week side that detects the position moreover, can be fine carry out the collection of vibration data to the engine that awaits measuring.
The second aspect of the present invention provides an engine offline detection method, which is used for an engine detection platform according to any one of the above technical solutions, and the detection method includes: acquiring a plurality of vibration data acquired by a plurality of vibration sensors; and analyzing the vibration data according to a preset evaluation system to determine the detection result of the engine.
The offline detection method provided by the invention is used for the engine detection platform in any one of the technical schemes. Further, the detection method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of acquiring a plurality of vibration data acquired by a plurality of vibration sensors, specifically, acquiring the vibration data by loading an engine from an idle speed to a rated rotating speed within a preset time, acquiring the vibration data of the engine by using a non-contact vibration sensor, and transmitting the vibration data to a controller.
Further, the plurality of vibration data are analyzed according to a preset evaluation system, a detection result of the engine is determined, specifically, after the control signal is received, the controller can analyze the plurality of vibration data, and the analysis result is compared with a reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system to determine whether the engine meets the offline standard.
Through detecting the engine before offline, the engine with problems is identified in advance, the number of faults is effectively reduced, and later-stage problem identification and problem solving time and cost are saved.
In the above technical solution, the step of analyzing the plurality of vibration data according to a preset evaluation system includes: analyzing the time domain signal according to a time domain signal reference range in a preset evaluation system to determine the time domain signal distribution of different energy intervals; sampling time domain signals at equal angles, and performing order analysis on unsteady-state noise signals according to the standard range of noise of each order in a preset evaluation system to detect defects of the rotating member; and converting the time domain signal into a frequency domain, and carrying out frequency analysis on the fixed-frequency noise signal according to each frequency noise reference range in a preset evaluation system so as to detect the non-rotating member.
In this solution, the vibration data includes a time domain signal, where the time domain is also called a time domain, the independent variable is time, i.e., the horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is the variation of the signal. Further, the step of analyzing the plurality of vibration data according to a preset evaluation system specifically includes analyzing the time domain signal according to a time domain signal reference range in the preset evaluation system to determine time domain signal distribution of different energy intervals. Specifically, the preset evaluation system comprises a time domain signal reference range, the time domain signal reference range is that the engine is loaded to a rated rotating speed from an idle speed, and then the energy limit value in each time period is reduced from the rated rotating speed to the idle speed, and the energy limit value exceeding the energy limit value is outside the time domain signal reference range. The time domain signal analysis comprises envelope spectrum and wavelet analysis, and the time domain signal distribution of different energy intervals can be monitored through the time domain signal analysis.
Furthermore, the time domain signals are sampled at equal angles, the sampling rate is adjusted to be consistent with the rotating speed of the engine, and the number of sampling points in the rotating speed period of the engine is guaranteed to be constant. The method comprises the steps of carrying out order analysis on unsteady-state noise signals according to the reference range of each order of noise in a preset evaluation system, converting the unsteady-state noise signals after equal-angle sampling into angle-domain steady-state signals, carrying out Fourier transform on the angle-domain steady-state signals to obtain clear maps, and further detecting defects of a rotating piece according to the limit value of each order of noise.
Further, the time domain signal is converted into the frequency domain by fourier transform, and the independent variable of the frequency domain is frequency, i.e. the horizontal axis is frequency and the vertical axis is amplitude of the frequency signal. And carrying out frequency analysis on the fixed-frequency noise signal according to each frequency noise reference range in a preset evaluation system so as to detect the non-rotating piece. Specifically, the constant-frequency noise signal belongs to a steady-state signal, and the non-rotating member of the engine is detected based on the limit value of each frequency noise.
In particular, time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis and order analysis may be performed simultaneously.
In any of the above technical solutions, the engine offline detection method further includes: and establishing a preset evaluation system.
In the technical scheme, the engine offline detection method further comprises the step of establishing a preset evaluation system. After the preset evaluation system is established, the method can be directly used for offline detection of the engine, the benchmark of offline of the engine is determined, the offline detection efficiency of the engine can be improved by utilizing the preset evaluation system, the loading of a fault machine is effectively reduced, and the time and the cost for later-stage problem identification and problem solving are saved.
In any of the above technical solutions, the step of establishing a preset evaluation system specifically includes: selecting a first preset number of engines as experimental samples to carry out working condition testing; obtaining a plurality of vibration test data of an experimental sample; analyzing a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample to obtain the characteristics of the experimental sample in time domain, frequency domain and order; selecting vibration test data of a second preset number of test samples close to the representation center to draw an envelope curve, and establishing a preset evaluation system according to the envelope curve; the first preset number is larger than the second preset number.
In the technical scheme, a first preset number of engines are selected as experiment samples to perform working condition tests, and the first preset number can be preset according to actual conditions. Further, a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample are obtained, namely all vibration data of a first preset number of engines, collected by the vibration sensors arranged above and around the detection position, during the working condition test are obtained. The data acquisition system is utilized to perform time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis and order analysis on a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample, and the three kinds of analysis can be performed simultaneously.
Furthermore, the vibration characteristics of the experiment samples are learned through software, and the characteristics of the experiment samples of the first preset number in time domain, frequency domain and order are obtained. The characterization of the experimental sample in time domain, frequency domain and order refers to a time domain graph, a frequency spectrogram and an order slice graph of the vibration data of the experimental sample.
Further, vibration test data of the test samples close to the characterization center are selected to draw an envelope curve, a preset evaluation system is established according to the envelope curve, namely, samples with similar second preset number are selected to be used for calculating a qualified limit value of detection, a reference is obtained, a more effective tolerance zone is formed, and then the preset evaluation system is established. The characterization center is an average value obtained by performing time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis and order analysis on a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample.
According to the method and the device, working condition testing is carried out on the experimental samples of the first preset quantity, vibration data are collected and signal analysis is carried out, samples of the second preset quantity are selected to be used for calculating qualified limit values, a reference is obtained, a relatively effective tolerance zone is formed, and then a preset evaluation system is established. After the preset evaluation system is established, offline detection can be performed on the engine according to the preset evaluation system, so that the detection of the engine is more standard and efficient, and fault engine loading is effectively reduced.
In any of the above technical solutions, the step of performing the working condition test specifically includes: and within a preset time, controlling the preheated experimental sample to be loaded to the rated rotating speed from the idle speed, and then reducing the speed from the rated rotating speed to the idle speed.
In the technical scheme, the working condition test of the engine is carried out, the test duration is preset firstly, then the preheated engine is loaded to the rated rotating speed from the idle speed, and then the engine is reduced to the idle speed from the rated rotating speed.
The idling is the lowest rotating speed for maintaining the stable operation of the engine, which is to overcome the friction resistance of the internal parts of the engine without load and output power. The rated rotating speed refers to the rotating speed of the engine under rated power, and the rated rotating speed is generally lower than the maximum power rotating speed under full load.
Within a preset time, the engine is loaded to a rated rotating speed from an idle speed and then is reduced to the idle speed from the rated rotating speed, so that vibration data of five basic working conditions of the engine can be comprehensively collected, and the offline detection of the engine is comprehensive and accurate.
In any of the above technical solutions, the step of determining the detection result of the engine specifically includes: if the analysis result of the engine to be detected is within the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine to be detected is qualified; or if the analysis result of the engine to be detected is outside the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine to be detected is unqualified.
In the technical scheme, the detection result of the engine is determined by comparing the analysis result of the engine to be detected with a reference range corresponding to a preset evaluation system. If the analysis result of the engine to be detected is within the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine to be detected is qualified; and if the analysis result of the engine to be detected is outside the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine to be detected is unqualified.
It can be understood that the present application employs a plurality of analysis methods of time domain signal analysis, order analysis and frequency analysis, each analysis method corresponds to an evaluation criterion, that is, the time domain signal analysis, the order analysis and the frequency analysis correspond to different reference ranges respectively.
Further, if one of the time domain signal analysis, the order analysis and the frequency analysis is unqualified, the engine to be detected is determined to be unqualified and the offline standard is not met.
In any of the above technical solutions, the engine offline detection method further includes: and finding a fault source according to an analysis result aiming at the unqualified engine.
In the technical scheme, a fault source is found according to an analysis result aiming at an unqualified engine. Specifically, time domain signal analysis, order analysis and frequency analysis have different pertinence, if the order analysis is unqualified, the defects of the rotating parts of the engine are focused on, and if the frequency analysis is unqualified, the non-rotating parts need to be checked.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of an engine off-line detection method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of an engine off-line detection method according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a flow chart diagram of an engine off-line detection method of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of an engine off-line detection method of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a flow chart diagram of an engine off-line detection method of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of an engine off-line detection method of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows a flow chart diagram of an engine off-line detection method of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic of a diesel engine offline detection of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of the engine offline detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The following describes in detail the engine detection platform and the engine offline detection method provided in the embodiments of the present application with reference to fig. 1 to 9 through specific embodiments and application scenarios thereof.
Example 1:
the invention provides an engine detection platform, which comprises: the detection platform comprises a detection position, and the detection position is used for placing an engine to be detected; the vibration sensors are arranged on the detection platform and are positioned on the peripheral side of the detection position; and the controller is connected with the plurality of vibration sensors and is used for determining the detection result of the engine to be detected according to a plurality of vibration data detected by the plurality of vibration sensors.
The invention provides an engine detection platform which comprises a detection platform, a plurality of vibration sensors and a controller. Specifically, the detection platform comprises a detection position, and when the engine is subjected to offline detection, the engine to be detected is placed on the detection position.
Furthermore, a plurality of vibration sensors are arranged on the detection platform and located on the peripheral side of the detection position, and the plurality of vibration sensors are used for acquiring a plurality of vibration information of the engine. The structure of engine is comparatively complicated, and especially diesel engine structure is more complicated, arranges the sensor and is difficult to realize on the engine body, through setting up a plurality of vibration sensors, arranges to lie in the week side that detects the position, not only the arranging of sensor easily realizes, arranges a plurality of sensors moreover and can finely carry out the collection of vibration data in week side that detects the position.
Furthermore, the vibration sensors are connected with the controller, the controller can analyze the vibration data after receiving the vibration data, and whether the engine to be detected meets the offline standard or not is determined according to the analysis result.
The application provides an engine testing platform arranges a plurality of vibration sensor through week survey at the detection position, not only the arranging of sensor easily realizes, arranges a plurality of sensors in week side of detecting the position moreover, can be fine carry out the collection of vibration data to the engine that awaits measuring. The vibration sensors are connected with the controller, the controller can analyze the vibration data after receiving the vibration data, and whether the engine to be detected meets the offline standard or not is determined according to the analysis result. Through carrying out off-line detection to the engine, can discern the engine that will have a problem before the engine rolls off the production line, effectual trouble machine loading that has reduced.
Further, a plurality of vibration sensors are arranged above and around the detection position.
In the embodiment, the vibration sensors are arranged above and around the detection position, so that the vibration data of the engine can be collected from multiple directions, and the collected vibration data can more accurately and comprehensively reflect the running condition of the engine to be detected.
Further, the plurality of vibration sensors are non-contact vibration sensors.
In this embodiment, a plurality of vibration sensors are set as non-contact vibration sensors because the structure of the engine, especially a diesel engine, is complex, and the adoption of the contact vibration sensors is difficult to realize.
In practical application, firstly, the position of a non-contact sensor is determined, and the non-contact vibration sensors are respectively arranged in five directions above and around a detection position; then, an engine sample is selected and placed on the detection position to carry out vibration data acquisition, the position of the non-contact vibration sensor is adjusted to ensure the acquisition effect of vibration information, and after the position is properly adjusted, the position of the non-contact vibration sensor is fixed to ensure that the influence of the sensor on the test can be eliminated in the whole engine offline detection process.
Example 2:
an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention provides an engine offline detection method, which is used for the engine detection platform according to any one of the above embodiments, and as shown in fig. 1, the engine offline detection method includes:
step S102, acquiring a plurality of vibration data acquired by a plurality of vibration sensors;
and step S104, analyzing the vibration data according to a preset evaluation system, and determining the detection result of the engine.
The offline detection method provided by the invention is used for the engine detection platform in any one of the embodiments. Further, the detection method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of acquiring a plurality of vibration data acquired by a plurality of vibration sensors, specifically, acquiring the vibration data by loading an engine from an idle speed to a rated rotating speed within a preset time, acquiring the vibration data of the engine by using a non-contact vibration sensor, and transmitting the vibration data to a controller.
Further, the plurality of vibration data are analyzed according to a preset evaluation system, a detection result of the engine is determined, specifically, after the control signal is received, the controller can analyze the plurality of vibration data, and the analysis result is compared with a reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system to determine whether the engine meets a standard of offline.
Through detecting the engine before offline, the engine with problems is identified in advance, the number of faults is effectively reduced, and later-stage problem identification and problem solving time and cost are saved.
Example 3:
in a second aspect of the present invention, an engine offline detection method is provided, which is used for an engine detection platform according to any one of the above embodiments, where the vibration data includes a time domain signal, and as shown in fig. 2, the step of analyzing a plurality of vibration data according to a preset evaluation system specifically includes:
step S202, analyzing the time domain signal according to a time domain signal reference range in a preset evaluation system to determine the time domain signal distribution of different energy intervals;
step S204, sampling time domain signals at equal angles, and performing order analysis on unsteady-state noise signals according to the standard range of noise of each order in a preset evaluation system to detect defects of the rotating member;
step S206, converting the time domain signal into a frequency domain, and performing frequency analysis on the fixed frequency noise signal according to each frequency noise reference range in a preset evaluation system to detect the non-rotating member.
In this embodiment, the vibration data includes a time domain signal, wherein the time domain is also called a time domain, the independent variable is time, i.e., the horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is the variation of the signal. Further, the step of analyzing the plurality of vibration data according to a preset evaluation system specifically includes analyzing the time domain signal according to a time domain signal reference range in the preset evaluation system to determine the time domain signal distribution of different energy intervals. Specifically, the preset evaluation system comprises a time domain signal reference range, the time domain signal reference range is an energy limit value of each time period during which the engine is loaded from idle speed to rated rotating speed and then is reduced from the rated rotating speed to the idle speed, and the energy limit value is out of the time domain signal reference range when the energy limit value is exceeded. The time domain signal analysis comprises envelope spectrum and wavelet analysis, and the time domain signal distribution of different energy intervals can be monitored through the time domain signal analysis.
Furthermore, the time domain signals are sampled in an equal angle, the sampling rate is adjusted to be consistent with the rotating speed of the engine, and the number of sampling points in the rotating speed period of the engine is ensured to be constant. The method comprises the steps of carrying out order analysis on unsteady-state noise signals according to the reference range of each order of noise in a preset evaluation system, converting the unsteady-state noise signals after equal-angle sampling into angle-domain steady-state signals, carrying out Fourier transform on the angle-domain steady-state signals to obtain clear maps, and further detecting defects of a rotating piece according to the limit value of each order of noise.
Further, the time domain signal is converted into the frequency domain by fourier transform, and the independent variable of the frequency domain is frequency, i.e. the horizontal axis is frequency and the vertical axis is amplitude of the frequency signal. And carrying out frequency analysis on the fixed-frequency noise signal according to each frequency noise reference range in a preset evaluation system so as to detect the non-rotating piece. Specifically, the constant-frequency noise signal belongs to a steady-state signal, and the non-rotating member of the engine is detected based on the limit value of each frequency noise.
Specifically, time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis, and order analysis may be performed simultaneously.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the engine offline detection method further includes:
step S302, a preset evaluation system is established.
In this embodiment, the engine off-line detection method further includes establishing a preset evaluation system. After the preset evaluation system is established, the method can be directly used for offline detection of the engine, the benchmark of offline of the engine is determined, the offline detection efficiency of the engine can be improved by utilizing the preset evaluation system, the loading of a fault machine is effectively reduced, and the time and cost for later-stage problem identification and problem solving are saved.
In practical application, the preset evaluation system is not invariable, but can be adjusted within a certain range along with the fluctuation of the quality stability of the engine. And on the basis of automatic evaluation according to a preset evaluation system, a manual evaluation line can be set, and the manual evaluation line is determined by professional engine quality testing personnel to finally determine whether the engine which is not detected by the preset evaluation system can be off-line loaded.
Example 4:
an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention provides an engine offline detection method, which is used for an engine detection platform according to any one of the above embodiments, and as shown in fig. 4, the step of establishing a preset evaluation system specifically includes:
step S402, selecting a first preset number of engines as experiment samples to carry out working condition testing;
step S404, acquiring a plurality of vibration test data of an experimental sample;
step S406, analyzing a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample to obtain the characteristics of the experimental sample in time domain, frequency domain and order;
step S408, selecting vibration test data of a second preset number of test samples close to the representation center to draw an envelope curve, and establishing a preset evaluation system according to the envelope curve;
the first preset number is larger than the second preset number.
In this embodiment, a first preset number of engines is selected as an experimental sample to perform a working condition test, and the first preset number may be preset according to an actual situation. Further, a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample are obtained, namely all vibration data of a first preset number of engines, collected by the vibration sensors arranged above and around the detection position, during the working condition test are obtained. And performing time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis and order analysis on a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample, wherein the three kinds of analysis can be performed simultaneously.
Furthermore, the vibration characteristics of the experiment samples are learned through software, and the characteristics of the experiment samples of the first preset number in time domain, frequency domain and order are obtained. The characterization of the experimental sample in time domain, frequency domain and order refers to a time domain graph, a frequency spectrogram and an order slice graph of the vibration data of the experimental sample.
Further, vibration test data of the test samples close to the characterization center are selected to draw an envelope curve, a preset evaluation system is established according to the envelope curve, namely, samples with similar second preset number are selected to be used for calculating a qualified limit value of detection, a reference is obtained, a more effective tolerance zone is formed, and then the preset evaluation system is established. The characterization center is an average value obtained by performing time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis and order analysis on a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample.
According to the method and the device, working condition testing is carried out on the experimental samples of the first preset quantity, vibration data are collected and signal analysis is carried out, samples of the second preset quantity are selected to be used for calculating qualified limit values, a reference is obtained, a relatively effective tolerance zone is formed, and then a preset evaluation system is established. After the preset evaluation system is established, the engine can be subjected to offline detection according to the preset evaluation system, so that the detection of the engine is more standard and efficient, and the loading of a fault engine is effectively reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the step of performing the working condition test specifically includes:
and step S502, controlling the preheated experimental sample to be loaded to the rated rotating speed from the idle speed and then to be reduced to the idle speed from the rated rotating speed within the preset time length.
In the embodiment, the working condition test of the engine is carried out, firstly, the test duration is preset, then the preheated engine is loaded to the rated rotating speed from the idle speed, and then the engine is reduced to the idle speed from the rated rotating speed.
The idling is the lowest rotating speed for maintaining the stable operation of the engine, which is to overcome the friction resistance of the internal parts of the engine without load and output power. The rated rotating speed refers to the rotating speed of the engine under rated power, and the rated rotating speed is generally lower than the maximum power rotating speed under full load.
Within a preset time, the engine is loaded to a rated rotating speed from an idle speed and then is reduced to the idle speed from the rated rotating speed, so that vibration data of five basic working conditions of the engine can be comprehensively collected, and the offline detection of the engine is comprehensive and accurate.
In practical applications, the five basic operating conditions of the engine include idle, light load, medium load, heavy load/full load, and acceleration.
In practical applications, the establishment of the preset evaluation system requires the selection of a sufficient number of engine samples for test tests and data accumulation. For example, 100 engine samples are selected, and the test conditions are as follows: and after the preheating of the engine is finished, loading the engine from the idle speed to the rated rotating speed, and then reducing the engine from the rated rotating speed to the idle speed for 60 s. Data acquisition was performed on 100 engine samples using 5 orientation non-contact vibration sensors. And then, performing time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis and order analysis on the vibration data of 100 collected engine samples.
Further, 80 similar samples are selected from 100 engine samples to calculate a qualified limit value, a reference is obtained, a more effective tolerance band is formed, and a preset evaluation system is established.
Example 5:
an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention provides an engine offline detection method, which is used for the engine detection platform according to any one of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, and the step of determining the detection result of the engine specifically includes:
step S602, selecting a first preset number of engines as experiment samples to carry out working condition testing;
step S604, controlling the preheated experimental sample to be loaded to the rated rotating speed from the idle speed within a preset time length, and then reducing the speed from the rated rotating speed to the idle speed;
step S606, obtaining a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample;
step S608, analyzing a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample to obtain the characteristics of the experimental sample in time domain, frequency domain and order;
step S610, selecting vibration test data of a second preset number of test samples close to the representation center to draw an envelope curve, and establishing a preset evaluation system according to the envelope curve;
step S612, acquiring a plurality of vibration data acquired by a plurality of vibration sensors;
step S614, analyzing the time domain signal according to the time domain signal reference range in a preset evaluation system to determine the time domain signal distribution of different energy intervals;
step S616, the time domain signals are sampled in an equal angle mode, and unsteady-state noise signals are subjected to order analysis according to the standard range of noise of each order in a preset evaluation system so as to detect defects of the rotating piece;
step S618, converting the time domain signal into a frequency domain, and performing frequency analysis on the fixed frequency noise signal according to each frequency noise reference range in a preset evaluation system to detect a non-rotating member;
step S620, analyzing the vibration data according to a preset evaluation system, and determining the detection result of the engine;
step S622, if the analysis result of the engine to be detected is within the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine to be detected is qualified;
and step S624, if the analysis result of the engine to be detected is outside the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine to be detected is unqualified.
In the embodiment, the vibration data of the engine experiment samples of the first preset number are subjected to signal analysis, samples similar to the second preset number are selected for calculating qualified limit values, a reference is obtained, a more effective tolerance band is formed, and a preset evaluation system is further established. After the preset evaluation system is established, offline detection can be performed on the engine according to the preset evaluation system, and the analysis result of the engine to be detected is compared with the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system. If the analysis result of the engine to be detected is within the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine to be detected is qualified; and if the analysis result of the engine to be detected is outside the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine to be detected is unqualified.
It can be understood that the present application employs a plurality of analysis methods of time domain signal analysis, order analysis and frequency analysis, each analysis method corresponds to an evaluation criterion, that is, the time domain signal analysis, the order analysis and the frequency analysis correspond to different reference ranges respectively.
Further, if one of the time domain signal analysis, the order analysis and the frequency analysis is unqualified, the engine to be detected is determined to be unqualified and the offline standard is not met.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the engine offline detection method further includes:
and step S702, finding a fault source according to an analysis result aiming at the unqualified engine.
In this embodiment, for an engine that is not qualified, the source of the fault is found based on the analysis. Specifically, time domain signal analysis, order analysis and frequency analysis have different pertinence, if the order analysis is unqualified, the defects of the rotating parts of the engine are focused on, and if the frequency analysis is unqualified, the non-rotating parts need to be checked.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment provides an offline detection process of a diesel engine. The method comprises the steps that vibration data of the diesel engine collected by a non-vibration sensor comprise vibration signals and rotating speed signals; the data acquisition system and the analyzer correspond to the controller in the embodiment 1 of the application; the data analysis comprises the following steps: time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis and order analysis. The method comprises the steps of analyzing vibration data of the diesel engine, comparing an analysis result with an evaluation system, determining whether the diesel engine to be detected meets an offline standard, and quickly finding out a fault source for the diesel engine which is not detected by the evaluation system according to different fault indexes.
Example 7:
as shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment provides an engine offline detection implementation method.
Step S902, determining the position of a sensor, respectively arranging a non-contact vibration sensor in five directions above and around a detection position, selecting an engine sample for data acquisition and analysis, thereby determining the position of the sensor arrangement and fixing the position of the sensor;
step S904, accumulating data, selecting 100 engine samples, testing the working condition: and after the preheating of the engine is finished, loading the engine from the idle speed to the rated rotating speed, and then reducing the engine from the rated rotating speed to the idle speed for 60 s. Acquiring vibration data of 100 samples by using a data acquisition system, and learning vibration characteristics of the 100 samples through software;
step S906, selecting 80 similar samples for calculating qualified limit values to obtain a reference, and forming a more effective tolerance band reference which can be used for simultaneously carrying out time domain signal analysis, frequency analysis and order analysis;
step S908, determining an analysis method, analyzing and monitoring time domain signals of different energy intervals by time domain signals, wherein the time domain signals comprise envelope spectrums and wavelet analysis; order analysis is mainly used for rotating part defects; frequency analysis for fixed frequency noise, non-rotating parts;
step S910, a preset evaluation system is established for offline detection of the engine, each analysis method corresponds to an evaluation standard and has a relatively effective tolerance band, a manual evaluation line can be set on the basis of automatic evaluation, and the evaluation standard has an adjusting function and is adjusted within a certain range along with the fluctuation of quality stability;
step S912, the engine to be tested completes the hot test, the offline detection is carried out, whether the engine is qualified or not is judged, and unqualified products can quickly find a fault source according to the detection index.
By establishing a preset evaluation system, the engine offline detection can be rapidly carried out, whether the engine to be detected meets the offline standard or not is determined, and a fault source is rapidly found out for the diesel engine which is not detected by the evaluation system according to different fault indexes. The problem engines are identified before the engines leave the factory, and the loading of the fault engine is reduced.
In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present specification, the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An engine testing platform, comprising:
the detection platform comprises a detection position, and the detection position is used for placing an engine to be detected;
the vibration sensors are arranged on the detection platform and are positioned on the peripheral side of the detection position;
and the controller is connected with the plurality of vibration sensors and used for determining the detection result of the engine to be detected according to a plurality of vibration data detected by the plurality of vibration sensors.
2. The engine testing platform of claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of vibration sensors are arranged above and around the detection position.
3. The engine testing platform of claim 2, wherein:
the plurality of vibration sensors are non-contact vibration sensors.
4. An engine offline detection method, which is used for the engine detection platform according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a plurality of vibration data collected by a plurality of vibration sensors;
and analyzing the vibration data according to a preset evaluation system, and determining the detection result of the engine.
5. The engine offline detection method according to claim 4, wherein the vibration data comprise time domain signals, and the step of analyzing the plurality of vibration data according to a preset evaluation system specifically comprises:
analyzing the time domain signal according to the time domain signal reference range in the preset evaluation system to determine the time domain signal distribution of different energy intervals;
sampling the time domain signals at equal angles, and performing order analysis on unsteady-state noise signals according to the standard range of each order of noise in the preset evaluation system to detect defects of the rotating member;
and converting the time domain signal into a frequency domain, and carrying out frequency analysis on the fixed-frequency noise signal according to each frequency noise reference range in the preset evaluation system so as to detect the non-rotating member.
6. The engine offline detection method according to claim 4, further comprising:
and establishing the preset evaluation system.
7. The engine offline detection method according to claim 6, wherein the step of establishing the preset evaluation system specifically comprises:
selecting a first preset number of engines as experimental samples to carry out working condition testing;
obtaining a plurality of vibration test data of the experiment sample;
analyzing a plurality of vibration test data of the experimental sample to obtain the characteristics of the experimental sample in a time domain, a frequency domain and an order;
selecting a second preset number of vibration test data of the test samples close to the characterization center to draw an envelope curve, and establishing a preset evaluation system according to the envelope curve;
wherein the first preset number is greater than the second preset number.
8. An engine off-line detection method according to claim 7, wherein the step of performing a condition test specifically comprises:
and within a preset time length, controlling the test sample subjected to preheating to be loaded to a rated rotating speed from an idle speed, and then reducing the rated rotating speed to the idle speed.
9. The offline engine detection method according to claim 5, wherein the step of determining the detection result of the engine specifically comprises:
if the analysis result of the engine to be detected is within the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine is qualified; or
And if the analysis result of the engine to be detected is outside the reference range corresponding to the preset evaluation system, determining that the engine is unqualified.
10. The engine off-line detection method according to claim 9, further comprising:
and aiming at the unqualified engine, finding a fault source according to the analysis result.
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