CN114659615B - Hydrophone nested fiber damping array and processing method - Google Patents

Hydrophone nested fiber damping array and processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114659615B
CN114659615B CN202210290696.0A CN202210290696A CN114659615B CN 114659615 B CN114659615 B CN 114659615B CN 202210290696 A CN202210290696 A CN 202210290696A CN 114659615 B CN114659615 B CN 114659615B
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hydrophone
main cable
array
damping
fiber
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CN114659615A (en
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陈阳
梁景山
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Nanjing Ruisheng Marine Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Ruisheng Marine Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01HMEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H11/00Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
    • G01H11/06Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
    • G01H11/08Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00Communication cables or conductors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrophone nested fiber damping array and a processing method thereof, comprising a main cable, a plurality of hydrophone array elements nested on the main cable and signal wires which are arranged in the main cable and are connected with the hydrophone array elements, wherein the hydrophone array elements are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main cable; the hydrophone array element comprises a hydrophone housing, a hydrophone main body element arranged in the hydrophone housing and a supporting piece sleeved on the periphery of the main cable, and the hydrophone main body element is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting piece. The hydrophone is nested at the periphery of the main cable by adopting a tubular structure, the main cable passes through the round hole in the middle of the hydrophone, the hydrophone is solidified on the array cable into a whole without paying out the hydrophone, great convenience is brought to the use of the array cable, the array elements of the hydrophone nested array are small in size, the close arrangement of the hydrophones can be conveniently realized, and the beam forming angle of the hydrophone nested array is richer.

Description

Hydrophone nested fiber damping array and processing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fiber damping array structure system for reducing shaking caused by dragging or water flow action of an underwater sensor array, in particular to a hydrophone nested fiber array structure for underwater acoustic wave information pickup and a processing method.
Background
The hydrophone array system is widely applied in the field of underwater sound engineering, is mainly applied to picking up underwater environmental noise information and target sound information, and is two focuses of attention for reducing the background noise of a receiving array cable and improving the use convenience of the array cable. The number of array elements of the linear array is usually large, the number of cores of a main signal transmission cable is large, and a common oil filled cable or gel filled solid cable signal transmission line is separated from a hydrophone by a certain distance and passes through the side surface, so that the influence of the transmission line on the sound wave shielding to the receiving directivity of the hydrophone is avoided, the outer diameter of the whole array cable is enlarged, and the use difficulty is improved. The other cable array solution is to install the hydrophone at the side of the main cable of signal transmission and to pay a certain distance, so as to avoid the influence of the main cable on the sound wave received by the hydrophone, thus increasing the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost of the cable array and bringing trouble and potential safety hazard to use.
For the noise floor requirement of the array cable, two solutions exist, one is to add a vibration reduction section of several tens meters at the front end of the array cable, the longer the vibration reduction section is, the more obvious the vibration reduction effect is, because the signal transmission cable needs to pass through the vibration reduction section, the crosstalk and attenuation between signals can be larger, which contradicts with the original purpose of improving the received signal, and the cost of the array cable is obviously increased. The other method is to bind a ribbon with a certain length on the outer side of the main cable, and the ribbon can also generate a certain noise reduction effect, but is limited by the width of the ribbon, the mounting density is limited, and the ribbon length is lengthened under the condition that the ribbon density is limited, so that the effect of reducing the noise floor of the array cable can be achieved, but the ribbon is not suitable to exceed 20cm because of the risk of intertwining and damage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to measure weak underwater environmental noise and target sound information and overcome some defects of the existing array system, the invention provides a hydrophone nested fiber damping array, wherein a hydrophone adopts a tubular structure, a main cable passes through a round hole in the middle of the hydrophone, and the hydrophone is solidified on an array cable into a whole without paying out the hydrophone, so that great convenience is brought to the use of the array cable. In addition, compared with a structure with larger hydrophone expenditure, the array element of the hydrophone nested array is smaller in size, so that the hydrophone can be conveniently densely arranged, the beam forming angle of the hydrophone nested array is richer, and the application range of the nested array cable is wider.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a hydrophone nested fiber damping array, which comprises a main cable, a plurality of hydrophone array elements nested on the main cable and signal wires arranged in the main cable and connected with the hydrophone array elements, wherein the hydrophone array elements are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main cable; the hydrophone array element comprises a hydrophone housing, a hydrophone main body element arranged in the hydrophone housing and a supporting piece sleeved on the periphery of the main cable, and the hydrophone main body element is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting piece.
As a preferable structure of the invention, the periphery of the main cable and/or the hydrophone array element is provided with a plurality of damping fiber bundles which are distributed in a circumferential direction and are distributed at intervals; and/or the damping fiber bundles are in a fiber fluffy structure; and/or the damping fiber bundles are uniformly distributed at 90 degrees on the circumferences of the main cable and/or the hydrophone array elements; and/or the damping fiber bundles are bending damping fiber bundles.
As a preferable structure of the hydrophone, the hydrophone body element is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting piece through a limiting groove; and/or the size of the spacing groove matches the size of the hydrophone body element.
As a preferred construction of the invention, the hydrophone body element and the outer periphery of the support member are provided with a first potting layer.
As a preferable structure of the invention, the device comprises an instrument cabin arranged at the top end of the main cable and a sinking block arranged at the bottom end of the main cable.
As an optimized structure of the invention, the sinking block is connected with the main cable through the tail end bearing hanging ring, and a parallel connection releaser is arranged between the sinking block and the tail end bearing hanging ring.
As a preferred structure of the present invention, the main cable is connected to the instrument pod through a water-tight connector.
As an optimal structure of the invention, the main cable sequentially comprises a kava bearing piece, signal wires distributed on the periphery of the kava bearing piece, a main cable watertight outer sheath arranged on the periphery of the signal wires and a damping fiber weaving layer arranged on the periphery of the main cable watertight outer sheath from inside to outside.
As a preferable structure of the present invention, the damping fiber braid draws out damping fiber bundles.
The processing method of the hydrophone nested fiber damping array comprises the following steps:
(S0) pretreatment of fiber bundles: twisting a plurality of strands of damping fiber yarns to form a curved damping fiber;
the method comprises the steps of (S1) embedding a hydrophone main body element in a limit groove of a supporting piece, carrying out first filling and sealing on an installed structure, forming a first filling and sealing layer on the periphery of the hydrophone main body element, leading out a lead wire at the positive end of the hydrophone and a lead wire at the negative end of the hydrophone, and forming a main body of the hydrophone array element with a circular section;
(S2) sleeving the main body of the hydrophone array element formed in the step (S1) on the corresponding position of the main cable, connecting lead wires at the positive end and the negative end of the hydrophone to corresponding signal wires, and performing secondary vulcanization encapsulation on the hydrophone array element and the main cable to form a hydrophone housing, so that the hydrophone array element and the main cable form an integrated structure;
and S3, weaving and leading out the pretreated damping fiber bundles outside an integrated structure formed by the hydrophone array elements and the main cable, and carrying out fluffing treatment on the damping fiber bundles, so that the bent fibers in the same and/or adjacent damping fiber bundles are mutually wound to form a damping fluffy structure, and thus the hydrophone nested fiber damping array is obtained. The beneficial effects are that: (1) The hydrophone array element is nested at the periphery of the main cable by adopting a tubular structure, and the main cable passes through the round hole in the middle of the hydrophone, so that the hydrophone is solidified on the array cable into a whole, the hydrophone is not required to be paid out, and great convenience is brought to the use of the array cable; (2) The main cable and the fiber damping fibers woven on the outer layers of the hydrophone array elements cover the whole array cable and the hydrophone array elements, so that various noises of the array cable are obviously reduced; (3) The hydrophone array elements are nested at the periphery of the main array cable, so that the hydrophone array elements are more convenient to distribute and recycle; (4) The hydrophone array element occupies small space in a nested mode, allows the hydrophones to be densely arranged, and can cover a higher frequency range when the array cable beam is needed to be formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrophone array element and main cable connection structure of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main cable according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a nested array of hydrophones according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below through examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: the hydrophone nested fiber damping array comprises a main cable 1 and a plurality of hydrophone array elements 2 sleeved on the main cable 1, wherein the hydrophone array elements 2 are arranged at intervals from top to bottom along the main cable 1. The main cable 1 sequentially comprises a kava bearing piece 101, signal wires 3 distributed on the periphery of the kava bearing piece 101, a main cable watertight outer sheath 102 arranged on the periphery of the signal wires 3 and a damping fiber woven layer 103 arranged on the periphery of the main cable watertight outer sheath 102 from inside to outside. Damping fiber bundles 4 are led out of the damping fiber woven layer 103, the damping fiber bundles 4 are in a fiber fluffy structure, the damping fiber bundles 4 are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the main cable 1, the damping fiber bundles 4 can be irregularly distributed on the outer periphery of the main cable 1, and as a preferable structure of the embodiment, the damping fiber bundles 4 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the main cable 1 at 90 degrees, namely, four rows of damping fiber bundles 4 are circumferentially arranged on the outer periphery of the main cable 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the main cable 1 has a kafu tension bearing member 101 at the center, the upper end of the main cable is fixed with the watertight connector 7, the lower end of the main cable is connected with the bearing rings 601 at the tail end of the array cable, tension is provided for the whole main cable, the strength of the main cable is determined by the thickness of the bearing member, in a specific application example, the diameter of the kafu tension bearing member is selected to be 10mm, and the breaking tension is not less than 7 tons, so that the strength requirement of the main cable 1 is met. And a plurality of pairs of twisted pairs are arranged around the bearing piece and used as signal wires 3, each nested hydrophone array element is connected with a pair of twisted pairs, and the number of the nested hydrophone array elements is consistent with that of the hydrophone array elements 2. For example, in the specific application example, the number of twisted pairs is 32, the outer side of the twisted pair wire harness is provided with a main cable watertight outer sheath 102, the material of the main cable watertight outer sheath is polyether polyurethane, and the main cable watertight outer sheath has good hydrophobic property, and in the specific application example, the wall thickness of the main cable watertight outer sheath is 2mm, so that the whole cable array can be used at the depth of 6000m without water leakage and water seepage. The outermost layer of the main cable is a damping fiber weaving layer 103, has higher strength and good wear resistance, protects the main cable on one hand, and leads out damping fiber bundles 4 in the weaving process, and the damping fiber bundles are made of ultrahigh molecular weight fiber materials. The damping fiber bundles 4 are led out in 4 rows on the weaving layer.
The top of main cable 1 is provided with instrument shelter 5, and the bottom of main cable 1 is provided with heavy piece 6. The main cable 1 is connected with the instrument pod 5 through a watertight connector 7 (the watertight connector 7 in this embodiment is a titanium steel structure multicore connector), and the signal wire 3 transmits signals to the instrument pod 5 through the watertight connector. The sinking block 6 is connected with the main cable 1 through a tail end bearing hanging ring 501, a parallel connection releaser 602 is arranged between the sinking block 6 and the tail end bearing hanging ring 601, one end of the parallel connection releaser 602 is connected with the bearing hanging ring 601 through a Carff stretching 603, and the other end of the parallel connection releaser 602 is connected with the sinking block 6 through a steel wire rope 604.
In actual use, as shown in fig. 3, the upper end of the main cable 1 is connected to the lower end of the instrument pod 5 through the watertight connector 7, and the instrument pod 5 has a floating body function and provides the system with the floating force under water. The lower end of the array is connected with a hanging sinking block 6 in a hanging manner through a parallel connection releaser 602, is anchored on the sea bottom, and enables the whole array to be in a vertical state through the upward buoyancy of the instrument capsule 5.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrophone array element 2 in the invention adopts a tubular structure, the main cable 1 passes through a round hole in the middle of the hydrophone array element 2, and the hydrophone array element 2 is solidified on the main cable 1 into a whole through vulcanization encapsulation, so that the hydrophone is not required to be paid out, and great convenience is brought to the use of the whole array cable. Specifically, the hydrophone array element 2 includes a hydrophone housing 201 nested around the outer periphery of the main cable 1, with the hydrophone body element 202 mounted within the hydrophone housing 201. The hydrophone body element 202 is fixed on the outer wall of the main cable 1 through the supporting piece 203, the supporting piece 203 is of a hollow cylindrical structure (the supporting piece 203 is a metal supporting piece), the outer wall of the supporting piece 203 is concavely formed into a limiting groove 204, limiting steps are formed at the upper end and the lower end of the limiting groove 204, the hydrophone body element 202 is installed in the limiting groove 204, and the size of the limiting groove 204 is the same as that of the hydrophone body element 202. In this embodiment, the hydrophone body element 202 is a ring-shaped piezoelectric ceramic tube formed by splicing left and right halves, the left and right halves are spliced on the outer periphery of the supporting member 203, the ring-shaped piezoelectric ceramic tube includes an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer of the piezoelectric ceramic tube serves as the positive electrode of the hydrophone body element 202, and the outer layer serves as the negative electrode of the hydrophone body element 202, and as shown in fig. 1, the positive and negative electrodes of the hydrophone body element 202 are connected to the signal wire 3 through the positive terminal lead 206 and the negative terminal lead 207, respectively. The hydrophone body element 202 and the outer periphery of the support member 203 are encapsulated to form a first encapsulating layer 205, and after installation, the hydrophone housing 201 (also referred to as a second encapsulating layer) is formed outside the first encapsulating layer 205 by a second vulcanization encapsulation, so that the hydrophone array element 2 and the main cable 1 form a whole, i.e. an integrated structure. In this embodiment, the damping fiber bundle 4 is a bent fiber bundle formed by twisting a plurality of fiber strands.
As a specific application structure, the fiber damping array of the invention arranges all nested hydrophone array elements according to the pre-designed positions. In the embodiment, the number of array elements of the nested hydrophone is 32, the array elements are uniformly distributed at a distance of 10m, the number and the distribution mode of the array elements are not limited to the parameters in the embodiment, and the array elements can be designed according to requirements. In a specific application, 4 rows of fiber damping fibers distributed on the fiber damping matrix main cable have a length of 12cm, and are processed into a curved fluffy structure (damping fluffy structure), so that the hydrophilic performance is improved, the damping of the main cable is improved, and the noise is reduced (the damping fluffy structure can also be called a hair fluffy structure or a fiber fluffy structure, and the fibers are curled hair/fluffy structure formed by winding fiber damping fiber bundles).
As a specific application structure, in this embodiment, a plurality of damping fiber bundles distributed at intervals and distributed circumferentially are disposed on the outer circumferences of the main cable 1 and the hydrophone array element 2. Furthermore, it can be said that a plurality of damping fiber bundles distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction are uniformly arranged from top to bottom outside the integrated structure formed by the hydrophone array elements 2 and the main cable 1. Of course, according to the actual situation, a plurality of damping fiber bundles distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction can be arranged at selective positions (such as the position of only the main cable at the outer side of the integrated structure, or the position of hydrophone array elements at the outer side of the integrated structure, or the position of only the main cable at the outer side of the integrated structure and/or the position of hydrophone array elements at the outer side of the integrated structure) at the outer side of the integrated structure formed by the hydrophone array elements 2 and the main cable 1.
The damping array is manufactured by the following steps:
(S0) pretreatment of fiber bundles: twisting multiple strands of fibers to form a curved damping fiber bundle; the diameter of the damping fiber bundles can be adjusted according to actual conditions;
(S1) processing a limit groove 204 on the outer wall of a circular tube-shaped supporting piece 203, embedding a hydrophone body element 202 in the limit groove 204 on the outer wall of the supporting piece 203, performing first filling and sealing on the installed structure, forming a first filling and sealing layer 205 on the periphery of the hydrophone body element 202, and leading out a positive end lead 206 and a negative end lead 207 of the hydrophone to form a main body of the hydrophone array element with a circular cross section;
(S2) sleeving the main body of the hydrophone array element formed in the step (S1) on the corresponding position of the main cable 1, nesting 32 element hydrophone array elements altogether, connecting leads at the positive and negative ends of the hydrophone to corresponding signal wires 3, and performing secondary vulcanization encapsulation on the hydrophone array element 2 and the main cable 1 to form a hydrophone housing 201, so that the hydrophone array element 2 and the main cable 1 are integrated;
(S3) weaving damping fiber braiding layers 103 by using the bending damping fiber bundles obtained in the step (S0) outside an integrated structure formed by the hydrophone array elements 2 and the main cable 1, alternately leading out a plurality of damping fiber bundles 4 in the weaving process, and circumferentially uniformly distributing the damping fiber bundles 4 distributed at intervals on the periphery of the main cable 1 and/or the hydrophone array elements 2 (in the embodiment, the damping fiber bundles 4 distributed at intervals are circumferentially distributed on the periphery of the main cable 1 and the hydrophone array elements 2); and then the extracted damping fiber bundles 4 are fluffed (scattered, disturbed, etc.), so that the bent fibers in the same and adjacent damping fiber bundles 4 are mutually wound to form a damping fluffy structure, and the hydrophone nested fiber damping array is obtained. In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the final array (including the main cable and the hydrophone array elements) is covered with the damping fiber woven layer 103, and several bundles of damping fiber bundles 4 on the outer periphery of the damping fiber woven layer 103 cover the whole array cable and the hydrophone array elements, fibers in the same bundle of damping fiber bundles 4 are mutually wound, fibers between adjacent damping fiber bundles 4 are also mutually wound, and noise can be remarkably reduced.

Claims (7)

1. The processing method of the hydrophone nested fiber damping array is characterized in that the hydrophone nested fiber damping array comprises a main cable (1), a plurality of hydrophone array elements (2) nested on the main cable (1) and signal wires (3) arranged inside the main cable (1) and connected with the hydrophone array elements (2), the hydrophone array elements (2) are of tubular structures, the main cable (1) penetrates through round holes in the middle of the hydrophone array elements (2), the hydrophone array elements (2) are solidified on the main cable (1) into a whole through vulcanization encapsulation, and the hydrophone array elements (2) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main cable (1);
the main cable (1) sequentially comprises a kava bearing piece (101), signal wires (3) distributed on the periphery of the kava bearing piece (101), a main cable watertight outer sheath (102) arranged on the periphery of the signal wires (3) and a damping fiber woven layer (103) arranged on the periphery of the main cable watertight outer sheath (102) from inside to outside;
the hydrophone array element (2) comprises a hydrophone housing (201), a hydrophone main body element (202) arranged in the hydrophone housing (201) and a supporting piece (203) sleeved on the periphery of the main cable (1), wherein the hydrophone main body element (202) is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting piece (203);
the periphery of the main cable (1) and/or the hydrophone array element (2) is provided with a plurality of damping fiber bundles (4) which are distributed in the circumferential direction and are distributed at intervals;
the hydrophone nested fiber damping array comprises the following processing steps:
(S0) pretreatment of fiber bundles: twisting multiple strands of fibers to form a curved damping fiber bundle;
(S1) embedding a hydrophone main body element (202) in a limit groove (204) of a supporting piece (203), encapsulating the mounted structure for the first time, forming a first encapsulating layer (205) on the periphery of the hydrophone main body element (202), and leading out a positive lead (206) of the hydrophone and a negative lead (207) of the hydrophone to form a main body of the hydrophone array element with a circular cross section;
(S2) sleeving a main body of the hydrophone array element formed in the step (S1) on a corresponding position of a main cable (1), connecting a positive end lead (206) of the hydrophone and a negative end lead (207) of the hydrophone to corresponding signal wires (3), and performing secondary vulcanization encapsulation on the hydrophone array element (2) and the main cable (1) to form a hydrophone housing (201), so that the hydrophone array element (2) and the main cable (1) form an integrated structure;
and S3, weaving and leading out pretreated damping fiber bundles (4) outside an integrated structure formed by the hydrophone array elements (2) and the main cable (1), and fluffing the damping fiber bundles (4) to enable bent fibers in the same and/or adjacent damping fiber bundles (4) to be mutually wound to form a damping fluffy structure, so as to obtain the hydrophone nested fiber damping array.
2. The method for processing the hydrophone nest type fiber damping array according to claim 1, wherein the damping fiber bundles (4) are uniformly distributed at 90 degrees on the circumference of the main cable (1) and/or the hydrophone array elements (2).
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the size of the spacing groove (204) matches the size of the hydrophone body element (202).
4. The method for processing the hydrophone nest type fiber damping array according to claim 1, comprising an instrument pod (5) arranged at the top end of a main cable (1) and a sinking block (6) arranged at the bottom end of the main cable (1).
5. The method for processing the hydrophone nest type fiber damping array according to claim 4, wherein the sinking block (6) is connected with the main cable (1) through a tail end bearing hanging ring (601), and a parallel releaser (602) is arranged between the sinking block (6) and the tail end bearing hanging ring (601).
6. The method of processing a hydrophone nest type fiber damping array according to claim 4, wherein the main cable (1) is connected to the instrument pod (5) by a watertight connector (7).
7. The method for processing the hydrophone nest type fiber damping array according to claim 1, wherein the damping fiber braid (103) leads out damping fiber bundles (4).
CN202210290696.0A 2022-03-20 2022-03-23 Hydrophone nested fiber damping array and processing method Active CN114659615B (en)

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CN2022102741436 2022-03-20

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JP2014017173A (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-30 Asahi Kasei Fibers Corp Noise depression cable
CN107228903A (en) * 2016-03-23 2017-10-03 中国科学院声学研究所 A kind of hydrophone linear array detected for concrete dam and preparation method thereof

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US4030401A (en) * 1975-06-04 1977-06-21 Wall Industries, Inc. Faired article
US4491939A (en) * 1981-08-13 1985-01-01 The Commonwealth Of Australia Hydrophone cable
CN1283320A (en) * 1998-03-31 2001-02-07 亨泽尔联合技术两合公司 Cable armouring
US6580661B1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2003-06-17 Richard Anton Marschall Hydrophone array
KR100818187B1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-03-31 국방과학연구소 Signal cable integrated acoustic sensor line array system with high tension element
JP2014017173A (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-30 Asahi Kasei Fibers Corp Noise depression cable
CN107228903A (en) * 2016-03-23 2017-10-03 中国科学院声学研究所 A kind of hydrophone linear array detected for concrete dam and preparation method thereof

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