CN114659467A - Roasting machine space precision evaluation and measurement method based on laser tracker - Google Patents
Roasting machine space precision evaluation and measurement method based on laser tracker Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035929 gnawing Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of belt type machine roasting equipment, and discloses a roasting machine space precision evaluation and measurement method based on a laser tracker, wherein a track measurement method of a roasting machine track is implemented based on the laser tracker and a track measurement tool, and the straightness, the levelness, the height difference between an upper track and a lower track and the track spans on two sides of the track to be detected are obtained; track measurement frock includes: the track clamping seat is provided with a top surface abutting part and a side surface abutting part which respectively abut against the top surface and the side surface of the track of the roasting machine, the vertical support is arranged on the top surface abutting part, and the vertical support is sequentially provided with a first target ball and a second target ball from top to bottom along the vertical direction. The method for evaluating and measuring the space precision of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker can improve the detection precision and the operation convenience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of belt type machine roasting equipment, in particular to a roasting machine space precision evaluation and measurement method based on a laser tracker.
Background
The belt type machine pellet roasting method is an iron ore pellet roasting method using a belt type machine. The phenomenon that trolley wheels gnaw the track due to the accuracy deviation of the installation space often occurs in production. In order to solve the problems, the problem of rail gnawing of wheels of the trolley is often improved by adjusting the relative positions of running and assembly of the trolley; the positions of the head star wheel, the tail star wheel and the track can be adjusted by hanging steel wires, a level gauge and other instrument equipment.
The method comprises the steps of hanging a steel wire with tension pretension near a roasting machine to enable the superfine steel wire to present a straight posture in space, hanging the steel wire on the basis of a beside-machine datum point to enable the steel wire and the running direction of a trolley to be in a parallel or perpendicular relation state, judging the spatial position relation between key equipment such as a track and the like and the steel wire through precision measuring tools such as a dial indicator or a micrometer and the like, and further judging the local deviation amount of the track. The steel wire measuring method depends on high-precision control of the spatial position relation between a steel wire and a reference point, which is difficult to realize and has poor precision control reliability; secondly, the steel wire arrangement, installation and placement errors cannot be avoided; the error of the precision measuring tool is introduced while the precision measuring tools such as a micrometer and the like are introduced; when the micrometer is used for measuring the spatial position relationship between the steel wire and the track, a measurer is required to accurately judge the contact state between a precision measuring tool such as the micrometer and the detected equipment, and the value is difficult to control. Therefore, the steel wire hanging measuring method is poor in accuracy and operability.
And measuring the elevation of the detected equipment through a level gauge, and judging the deviation of the equipment in the height direction. The precision of the leveling instrument measuring method is limited by the nominal precision of the leveling instrument and the placing precision of the matched sliding staff leveling instrument and the sliding staff, so that the measuring error is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for evaluating and measuring the space precision of a roasting machine based on a laser tracker, which solves the technical problems of large deviation of the installation space precision of the roasting machine and poor detection precision and operability in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for evaluating and measuring the space precision of a roasting machine based on a laser tracker, which is implemented based on the laser tracker and a track measuring tool to obtain the straightness, levelness, height difference of an upper track and a lower track and the track spans on two sides of a track to be detected;
wherein, the track measurement frock includes: the track clamping seat is provided with a top surface abutting part and a side surface abutting part which respectively abut against the top surface and the side surface of the track of the roasting machine, the vertical support is arranged on the top surface abutting part, and the vertical support is sequentially provided with a first target ball and a second target ball from top to bottom along the vertical direction;
the track measurement method comprises the following steps:
determining the offset distance between the intersection point of the measuring point connecting line of the first target ball and the second target ball on the top abutting surface of the top abutting portion and the abutting surface of the side abutting portion and the conversion relation between the coordinates of the measuring points of the first target ball and the second target ball and the coordinates of the intersection point by a laser tracker;
the track measuring tool is arranged on a track to be detected, the top abutting surface of the top abutting portion is placed on the top surface of the track to be detected, and the abutting surface of the side abutting portion abuts against the side surface of the track to be detected;
adjusting a sampling area along the track to be detected, and acquiring multiple groups of measuring point coordinates of the first target ball and the second target ball through a laser tracker;
calculating a plurality of outer side point position coordinates of the track to be detected based on the plurality of groups of measuring point coordinates, the conversion relation and the offset distance;
fitting based on the point coordinates of the plurality of outer side surfaces to obtain a posture characterization straight line of the track to be detected;
and acquiring the straightness, levelness, upper and lower track height difference and two-side track spans of the track to be detected based on the reference system of the laser tracker and the posture characterization straight line.
Further, the rail cartridge includes: the bottom plate and the limiting vertical plate;
the limiting vertical plate is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, and the vertical support is arranged on the bottom plate;
the top surface abutting part is arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, and the side surface abutting part is arranged on the side surface of the limiting vertical plate.
Furthermore, the limiting vertical plate and the bottom plate form an L-shaped right-angle clamping plate structure.
Further, the distance between the first target ball and the second target ball is greater than or equal to the height of the trolley wheel of the roasting machine, and the height of the second target ball is higher than the height of the trolley wheel of the roasting machine.
Further, be provided with strong magnetism base on the vertical support, first target ball with the second target ball sets up on the strong magnetism base.
Further, determining, by a laser tracker, an offset distance between an intersection point of a connecting line of the measuring points of the first target ball and the second target ball on the top abutting surface of the top abutting portion and the top abutting surface of the side abutting portion, and a conversion relationship between coordinates of the measuring points of the first target ball and the second target ball and coordinates of the intersection point includes:
respectively measuring the side surface and the top surface of a standard straight rail based on a laser tracker and a target ball to obtain a side surface measuring point and a top surface measuring point;
fitting a plane based on the side measuring points, and offsetting the radius of the target sphere by a distance along the normal direction of the plane to obtain a side plane of a real space position;
fitting a plane based on the top surface measuring points, and offsetting the distance of the radius of the target sphere along the normal direction of the plane to obtain a top plane of a real space position;
acquiring a line of intersection of the side surface and the end surface;
acquiring first measuring point coordinates and second measuring point coordinates of a first target ball and a second target ball and intersection point coordinates of a connecting line of two side points and the top surface of a standard track based on a laser tracker;
determining a conversion relation between the intersection point coordinate and the first measuring point coordinate and the second measuring point coordinate based on the first measuring point coordinate, the second measuring point coordinate and the intersection point coordinate;
an offset distance of an intersection point from an intersection line is determined based on the intersection point coordinates and the intersection line.
Further, the method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker further comprises the following steps:
implementing a star wheel measuring method of the head and tail star wheels of the roasting machine based on a laser tracker and a gear hole measuring tool to obtain the levelness and the verticality of the star wheels on two sides;
wherein, gear hole measurement frock includes: the target ball seat is arranged in a mounting hole formed in the star wheel gear teeth in an embedded manner;
the star wheel measuring method comprises the following steps:
embedding the target ball seats in mounting holes formed in the gear teeth of the star gears, sampling the mounting holes of the two star gears which are oppositely arranged based on a laser tracker, and acquiring the coordinates of the point positions of the mounting holes;
performing circumference fitting based on the coordinates of the point positions of the mounting holes respectively, and determining the circle centers of two fitting circumferences;
acquiring the height deviation of two circle centers, namely the relative levelness of the rotation center of the star wheel;
and acquiring the horizontal deviation of the two circle centers of the laser tracker on the trolley running track, namely the relative perpendicularity of the star wheel rotation center.
Further, the star wheel measuring method further comprises the following steps:
taking a connecting line of circle centers of the two fitting circles as a reference direction, and taking a plane perpendicular to the reference direction as a reference plane;
making a plane vertical to the direction, and respectively projecting the hole centers on the two sides to the plane;
respectively acquiring a projection point group A and a projection point group B of the mounting holes of the two star wheels on the reference plane;
and acquiring the circumferential vector deviation from the projection point group B to the projection point group A, namely the gear tooth synchronization deviation.
Further, the gear tooth synchronization deviation is the average value of the circumferential vector deviation values of all projection points.
Further, the target ball holder includes: the gear tooth hole is matched with the rod and the strong magnetic base;
the strong magnetic base is arranged at the end part of the gear tooth hole matching rod, and the third target ball is arranged on the strong magnetic base.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the roasting machine space precision evaluation and measurement method based on the laser tracker provided in the embodiment of the application can conveniently implement sampling, fitting and positioning based on the inconvenience of the working condition of trolley shielding, and can implement measurement of track straightness, levelness, upper and lower track height difference and two-side track spans and detection of levelness, verticality and synchronous deviation of the head and tail star wheels of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker and the track measurement tool and the gear hole measurement tool which are matched and arranged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a roasting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a track measurement tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an assembly state of the track measurement tool according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an assembly diagram of a gear hole measurement tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating synchronization deviation detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a gear hole measurement tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a mounting hole projection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a projection vector analysis of a mounting hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that all the directional indications in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, the motion situation, and the like between the components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, specific example components and arrangements are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Moreover, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which have been repeated for purposes of simplicity and clarity and do not in themselves dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or use of other materials.
The application is described below with reference to specific embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for evaluating and measuring the space precision of a roasting machine based on a laser tracker, and solves the technical problems of large deviation of the installation space precision of the roasting machine and poor detection precision and operability in the prior art.
For better understanding of the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the embodiments and specific features of the embodiments of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features of the embodiments and examples of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a method for evaluating and measuring the space accuracy of a roasting machine based on a laser tracker is implemented by a method for measuring a track 30 of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker and a track measuring tool, and the straightness, the levelness, the height difference between an upper track and a lower track and the track spans on two sides of the track to be detected are obtained.
Wherein, the track measurement tool 10 includes: the track clamping seat 14 is provided with a top surface abutting part and a side surface abutting part which respectively abut against the top surface and the side surface of the roasting machine track 30, the vertical support 11 is arranged on the top surface abutting part, and the vertical support 11 is sequentially provided with a first target ball 12 and a second target ball 13 from top to bottom along the vertical direction.
The track measuring method comprises the following steps:
determining the offset distance between the intersection point of the connecting line of the measuring points of the first target ball 12 and the second target ball 13 on the top abutting surface of the top abutting portion and the top abutting surface of the side abutting portion and the conversion relation between the coordinates of the measuring points of the first target ball 12 and the second target ball 13 and the coordinates of the intersection point by using a laser tracker;
the rail measuring tool 10 is arranged on a rail to be detected, the abutting surface of the top abutting part is arranged on the top surface of the rail to be detected, and the abutting surface of the side abutting part abuts against the side surface of the rail to be detected;
adjusting a sampling area along the track to be detected, and acquiring multiple groups of measuring point coordinates of the first target ball 12 and the second target ball 13 through a laser tracker;
calculating a plurality of outer side point position coordinates of the track to be detected based on the plurality of groups of measuring point coordinates, the conversion relation and the offset distance;
fitting based on the point coordinates of the plurality of outer side surfaces to obtain a posture characterization straight line of the track to be detected;
and acquiring the straightness, levelness, upper and lower track height difference and two-side track spans of the track to be detected based on the reference system of the laser tracker and the posture characterization straight line.
In some embodiments, the track cassette comprises: the bottom plate and the limiting vertical plate; the vertical limiting plate is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, and the vertical support is arranged on the bottom plate; the top surface abutting part is arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, and the side surface abutting part is arranged on the side surface of the limiting vertical plate. Generally, the retainer riser and the bottom plate form an L-shaped right-angle clamping plate structure.
Generally, the distance between the first target ball and the second target ball is greater than or equal to the height of the trolley wheel of the roasting machine, and the height of the second target ball is higher than the height of the trolley wheel 40 of the roasting machine. A strong magnetic base is arranged on the vertical support 11, and the first target ball 12 and the second target ball 13 are arranged on the strong magnetic base.
It should be noted that determining, by the laser tracker, the offset distance between the intersection point of the connecting line of the measuring points of the first target ball 12 and the second target ball 13 on the top surface of the top surface abutting portion and the top surface of the side surface abutting portion, and the conversion relationship between the coordinates of the measuring points of the first target ball 12 and the second target ball 13 and the coordinates of the intersection point includes:
respectively measuring the side surface and the top surface of a standard straight rail based on a laser tracker and a target ball to obtain a side surface measuring point and a top surface measuring point;
fitting a plane based on the side measuring points, and offsetting the distance of the radius of the target ball along the normal direction of the plane to obtain a side plane of a real space position;
fitting a plane based on the top surface measuring points, and offsetting the distance of the radius of the target sphere along the normal direction of the plane to obtain a top plane of a real space position;
acquiring a line of intersection of the side surface and the end surface;
acquiring first measuring point coordinates and second measuring point coordinates of a first target ball and a second target ball and intersection point coordinates of a connecting line of two side points and the top surface of the standard track based on a laser tracker;
determining a conversion relation between the intersection point coordinate and the first measuring point coordinate and the second measuring point coordinate based on the first measuring point coordinate, the second measuring point coordinate and the intersection point coordinate;
an offset distance of an intersection point from an intersection line is determined based on the intersection point coordinates and the intersection line.
Considering that most of the trolleys cannot be removed under the ordinary condition, most of the trolleys are shielded by trolley wheels, if the precise instruments are arranged beside the machine, the track part with the see-through condition is extremely limited, and therefore the operation of multiple station transfer is involved, the problem of multiple station transfer can be avoided, and the error influence of the station transfer is reduced.
Strong magnetic base and frock body fixed connection adsorb on strong magnetic base through the target ball, and two point coordinates are acquireed to the precision, through two point connection lines, acquire the crossing point of straight line downwardly extending back and track draw-in groove lower surface to this point representation track surface, with the point position coordinate of the fixed offset point of outward flange distance.
Calibrating the tool:
in order to further improve the tool precision, the position proportional relation between two points of a target ball and one point of the surface of a track is required to be regularly carried out, the process is finished on a precise straight rail or a 00-level marble table top, the specific method is that the precise straight rail is obtained through measurement by an original method, the spatial position posture of a straight line at the edge of the precise straight rail or the 00-level marble table top is obtained, then the tool is clamped on the edge for measurement, and finally the relation between the real edge posture and two precise measuring points obtained through the tool, namely the intersection point position and the offset between the intersection point and the edge is calculated.
On the other hand, referring to fig. 4, the method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker further comprises:
a star wheel measuring method of a head star wheel and a tail star wheel of the roasting machine is implemented based on a laser tracker and a gear hole measuring tool 50, and the levelness and the verticality of the star wheels on two sides are obtained;
wherein, gear hole measurement frock includes: third target ball 53 and target ball seat, third target ball 53 sets up on the target ball seat, the setting of target ball seat can inlay the mounting hole of seting up on the star gear teeth of a cogwheel. The star wheel measuring method comprises the following steps:
embedding the target ball seats in a first mounting hole 211 and a second mounting hole 221 which are formed in a first star wheel gear tooth 21 and a second star wheel gear tooth 22 which are opposite to each other, sampling the mounting holes of the two star wheels which are opposite to each other based on a laser tracker, and acquiring the position coordinates of the mounting holes;
performing circumference fitting based on the coordinates of the point positions of the mounting holes respectively, and determining the circle centers of two fitting circumferences;
acquiring the height deviation of two circle centers, namely the relative levelness of the rotation center of the star wheel;
and acquiring the horizontal deviation of the two circle centers on the moving track of the trolley of the laser tracker, namely the relative verticality of the rotation center of the star wheel.
Drawing the circle center track of the end face of each tooth hole by sampling each tooth mounting hole to form a new track circle, further analyzing the circle center of the new track circle, obtaining the circle center of the track circle and the height deviation of the circle centers at two sides by the same method at the other side, and converting the height deviation by unit words to obtain the relative levelness of the rotation center of the star wheel; and the horizontal deviation relative to the running track of the trolley is converted by unit words to be the relative verticality of the rotation center of the star wheel.
In another aspect, the star wheel measurement method further comprises:
taking a connecting line of circle centers of the two fitting circles as a reference direction, and taking a plane perpendicular to the reference direction as a reference plane;
making a plane vertical to the direction, and respectively projecting the hole centers on the two sides to the plane;
respectively acquiring a projection point group A and a projection point group B of the mounting holes of the two star wheels on the reference plane;
and acquiring the circumferential vector deviation from the projection point group B to the projection point group A, namely the gear tooth synchronization deviation.
Further, the gear tooth synchronization deviation is the average value of the circumferential vector deviation values of all projection points.
Further, the target ball holder includes: the gear tooth hole is matched with the rod and the strong magnetic base;
the strong magnetic base is arranged at the end part of the gear tooth hole matching rod, and the third target ball is arranged on the strong magnetic base.
Referring to fig. 5, the two side teeth should be in a symmetrical relationship in the circumferential direction, and when the circumferential misalignment deviation exceeds a certain value during the rotation of one side gear, one side gear first contacts/is sent out of the trolley, so that the trolley is deflected relative to the correct running direction, and the problem of the spatial position accuracy is generally called as the problem of non-synchronization of the gear teeth.
And taking the connecting line of the circle centers of the tracks of the holes on the two sides as the direction, and making a plane perpendicular to the direction, wherein the hole centers on the two sides are respectively projected to the plane, so that the coplanar treatment of the shaft holes on the two sides is realized. And eliminating the influence of axial deviation component in the point taking process.
After coplanarity processing, analyzing the vector relation of the projection combination of the adjusting end relative to the fixed end, dividing the vector relation into radial vector deviation and circumferential vector deviation, and establishing a plane direction based on the track circle centers on the two sides to be beneficial to eliminating radial deviation components and further improving the calculation precision, wherein the mean value of the circumferential vector deviations of all the gear tooth projections is the gear tooth synchronous deviation.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the roasting machine space precision evaluation and measurement method based on the laser tracker provided in the embodiment of the application can conveniently implement sampling, fitting and positioning based on the inconvenience of the working condition of trolley shielding, and can implement measurement of track straightness, levelness, upper and lower track height difference and two-side track spans and detection of levelness, verticality and synchronous deviation of the head and tail star wheels of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker and the track measurement tool and the gear hole measurement tool which are matched and arranged.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, descriptions in this application as to "first," "second," etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise the first and second features being in direct contact, or may comprise the first and second features being in contact, not directly, but via another feature in between. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by a person skilled in the art
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A roasting machine space precision evaluation and measurement method based on a laser tracker is characterized in that a track measurement method of a roasting machine track is implemented based on the laser tracker and a track measurement tool, and the straightness, the levelness, the height difference between an upper track and a lower track and the track spans on two sides of the track to be detected are obtained;
wherein, the track measurement frock includes: the track clamping seat is provided with a top surface abutting part and a side surface abutting part which respectively abut against the top surface and the side surface of the track of the roasting machine, the vertical support is arranged on the top surface abutting part, and the vertical support is sequentially provided with a first target ball and a second target ball from top to bottom along the vertical direction;
the track measuring method comprises the following steps:
determining the offset distance between the intersection point of the measuring point connecting line of the first target ball and the second target ball on the top abutting surface of the top abutting portion and the abutting surface of the side abutting portion and the conversion relation between the coordinates of the measuring points of the first target ball and the second target ball and the coordinates of the intersection point by a laser tracker;
the track measuring tool is arranged on a track to be detected, the top abutting surface of the top abutting portion is placed on the top surface of the track to be detected, and the abutting surface of the side abutting portion abuts against the side surface of the track to be detected;
adjusting a sampling area along the track to be detected, and acquiring multiple groups of measuring point coordinates of the first target ball and the second target ball through a laser tracker;
calculating a plurality of outer side point position coordinates of the track to be detected based on the plurality of groups of measuring point coordinates, the conversion relation and the offset distance;
fitting based on the point coordinates of the plurality of outer side surfaces to obtain a posture characterization straight line of the track to be detected;
and acquiring the straightness, levelness, upper and lower track height difference and two-side track spans of the track to be detected based on the reference system of the laser tracker and the posture characterization straight line.
2. The laser tracker-based method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of a roasting machine according to claim 1, wherein the rail holder comprises: the bottom plate and the limiting vertical plate;
the vertical limiting plate is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, and the vertical support is arranged on the bottom plate;
the top surface abutting part is arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, and the side surface abutting part is arranged on the side surface of the limiting vertical plate.
3. The method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker according to claim 2, wherein the limiting vertical plate and the bottom plate form an L-shaped right-angle clamping plate structure.
4. The method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of a roasting machine based on a laser tracker according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the first target ball and the second target ball is equal to or greater than the height of a trolley wheel of the roasting machine, and the height of the second target ball is higher than the height of the trolley wheel of the roasting machine.
5. The laser tracker-based method for evaluating and measuring spatial accuracy of a roasting machine according to claim 1, wherein a strong magnetic base is provided on the vertical support, and the first target ball and the second target ball are provided on the strong magnetic base.
6. The method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker of claim 1, wherein the determining, by the laser tracker, the offset distance between the intersection point of the connecting line of the measuring points of the first target ball and the second target ball on the abutting surface of the top abutting portion and the abutting surface of the side abutting portion and the conversion relationship between the coordinates of the measuring points of the first target ball and the second target ball and the coordinates of the intersection point comprises:
respectively measuring the side surface and the top surface of a standard straight rail based on a laser tracker and a target ball to obtain a side surface measuring point and a top surface measuring point;
fitting a plane based on the side measuring points, and offsetting the radius of the target sphere by a distance along the normal direction of the plane to obtain a side plane of a real space position;
fitting a plane based on the top surface measuring points, and offsetting the distance of the radius of the target sphere along the normal direction of the plane to obtain a top plane of a real space position;
acquiring a cross line of the side surface and the end surface;
acquiring first measuring point coordinates and second measuring point coordinates of a first target ball and a second target ball and intersection point coordinates of a connecting line of two side points and the top surface of the standard track based on a laser tracker;
determining a conversion relation between the intersection point coordinate and the first measuring point coordinate and the second measuring point coordinate based on the first measuring point coordinate, the second measuring point coordinate and the intersection point coordinate;
an offset distance of an intersection point from an intersection line is determined based on the intersection point coordinates and the intersection line.
7. The method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker of claim 1, wherein the method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of the roasting machine based on the laser tracker further comprises:
a star wheel measuring method of a head star wheel and a tail star wheel of the roasting machine is implemented based on a laser tracker and a gear hole measuring tool, and the levelness and the verticality of the star wheels on two sides are obtained;
wherein, gear hole measurement frock includes: the target ball seat is arranged in a mounting hole formed in the star wheel gear teeth in an embedded manner;
the star wheel measuring method comprises the following steps:
embedding the target ball seats in mounting holes formed in the gear teeth of the star gears, sampling the mounting holes of the two star gears which are oppositely arranged based on a laser tracker, and acquiring the coordinates of the point positions of the mounting holes;
performing circumference fitting based on the coordinates of the point positions of the mounting holes respectively, and determining the circle centers of two fitting circumferences;
acquiring the height deviation of two circle centers, namely the relative levelness of the rotation center of the star wheel;
and acquiring the horizontal deviation of the two circle centers on the moving track of the trolley of the laser tracker, namely the relative verticality of the rotation center of the star wheel.
8. The laser tracker-based method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of a roasting machine according to claim 7, wherein the star wheel measuring method further comprises:
taking a connecting line of circle centers of the two fitting circles as a reference direction, and taking a plane perpendicular to the reference direction as a reference plane;
making a plane vertical to the direction, and respectively projecting the hole centers on the two sides to the plane;
respectively acquiring a projection point group A and a projection point group B of the mounting holes of the two star wheels on the reference plane;
and acquiring the circumferential vector deviation from the projection point group B to the projection point group A, namely the gear tooth synchronization deviation.
9. The laser tracker-based method for evaluating and measuring spatial accuracy of a roasting machine according to claim 8, wherein said gear tooth synchronization deviation is a mean value of circumferential vector deviation values of all projected points.
10. The laser tracker-based method for evaluating and measuring the spatial accuracy of a roasting machine according to claim 7, wherein the target ball holder comprises: the gear tooth hole is matched with the rod and the strong magnetic base;
the strong magnetic base is arranged at the end part of the gear tooth hole matching rod, and the third target ball is arranged on the strong magnetic base.
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| CN205280076U (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 中国葛洲坝集团勘测设计有限公司 | Two SMR target ball hidden measuring sticks suitable for laser tracking appearance |
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| CN205280076U (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 中国葛洲坝集团勘测设计有限公司 | Two SMR target ball hidden measuring sticks suitable for laser tracking appearance |
| US20210088322A1 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-25 | Xi'an Jiaotong University | Measurement method for geometric errors of numerical control turntable based on four- station laser tracer system |
| CN215894958U (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-02-22 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Detection system for precision of cold rolling grinding machine |
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