CN114656972A - Straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114656972A CN114656972A CN202210317874.4A CN202210317874A CN114656972A CN 114656972 A CN114656972 A CN 114656972A CN 202210317874 A CN202210317874 A CN 202210317874A CN 114656972 A CN114656972 A CN 114656972A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/04—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as granules or gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of agricultural preparation. Comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 60-80% of straw, 5-10% of cellulose degrading bacteria, 5-10% of ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, 5-10% of sulfur fixing agent and 3-8% of polyethylene wax, and the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: step one, taking crop straws: cutting into 3-5cm pieces with cutting device; step two, cleaning and filtering: cleaning the straws, and soaking the straws in water after the cleaning is finished; step three, fermentation: fermenting the air-dried straws; step four, carbonizing: placing the cut straws in a carbonization furnace for carbonization; step five, cooling: cooling the carbonized straws; step six, crushing: crushing the carbonized straws; step seven, storage: the carbonized straws are stored by controlling the temperature through a sealed bin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural preparation, in particular to a straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The straw biochar is a solid product obtained by carrying out high-temperature thermal cracking on organic matters in an incomplete combustion or anoxic environment. The unburned black plant residue after forest fire is charcoal produced in nature; however, artificial charcoal is rather inexhaustible, such as charcoal, bamboo charcoal, rice husk charcoal, etc. The whole high temperature thermal cracking process, so called "carbonization" or "dry distillation", generates not only solid char but also liquid and gas, the generated liquid includes dry distillation liquid (or called vinegar liquid) and tar, etc., and the gas includes carbon monoxide and other combustible gases;
the soil phosphorus active conditioner is composed of agricultural water-retaining agent and natural peat rich in organic matter and humic acid or other organic matters as main raw materials, and biological active components and nutrient elements as auxiliary materials, and the phosphorite is a main source of phosphate fertilizer and is also a non-renewable resource. The phosphate fertilizer has an important effect on the growth and development of crops, but because the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer is low, in order to meet the nutrient requirements of the crops, a large amount of phosphate fertilizer needs to be applied for a long time, wherein most of the phosphate fertilizer is fixed in soil to form an insoluble phosphorus compound, and the fertilizer effect is difficult to exert.
The needed straw organisms are carbonized in the prior art, and more problems need to be solved in the development of the biochar-based soil phosphorus active conditioner, for example, the biochar property is not suitable for the soil environment and the fungi can not be decomposed in the soil, and the carbonization method is further improved based on the existing straw organisms.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the soil environment is not suitable and fungi in soil cannot be decomposed in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a straw biochar-based soil phosphorus active conditioner and a preparation method thereof comprise the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 60-80% of straw, 5-10% of cellulose degrading bacteria, 5-10% of ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, 5-10% of sulfur fixing agent and 3-8% of polyethylene wax.
Step one, taking crop straws: removing impurities on the straws, and cutting into 3-5cm by cutting equipment;
step two, cleaning and filtering: cleaning straws, placing the straws in water for soaking after cleaning, adding cellulose degrading bacteria and ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria in the soaking process, and then air-drying a sulfur fixing agent and polyethylene wax until the surface is free of moisture;
step three, fermentation: fermenting the air-dried straws at 28 ℃; during fermentation, the humidity of the straw is 40-60%, and the straw is fermented for 36-64 h;
step four, carbonizing: placing the cut straws in a carbonization furnace for carbonization operation, wherein the time is 50-60min, and the temperature is as follows: 400-500 ℃;
step five, cooling: cooling the carbonized straws to 5-15 ℃;
step six, crushing: crushing the carbonized straws, wherein the mesh number of a crushing screen is 5-10 mm;
step seven, storage: the carbonized straws are stored by controlling the temperature through a sealed bin, the bottom of the storage is higher than the ground and isolated by a wood board, and the humidity is kept between 5 and 10 percent.
Preferably, the cellulose degrading bacteria comprise 0.1 percent, the ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria comprise 0.3 percent, the sulfur fixing agent comprises 0.3 percent and the polyethylene wax comprises 0.2 percent.
Preferably, the soaking time in the second step is 30 min.
Preferably, the cooling in the fifth step can be carried out by adopting an air cooler for rapid cooling.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, cellulose degrading bacteria, ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria and a sulfur fixing agent are used as raw materials, fungi decomposing effect can be achieved in soil through the cellulose degrading bacteria, ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria can rapidly oxidize ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and then nitric nitrogen, the nitrification efficiency is increased, and the sulfur fixing agent is used for controlling the soil of a pollutant and removing oxysulfide.
2. According to the invention, cellulose degrading bacteria, ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, a sulfur fixing agent and polyethylene wax are soaked in the straws to achieve full fusion, the soil has the functions of increasing fertilizer and degrading fungi in the soil after carbonization, meanwhile, the straws, the cellulose degrading bacteria, the ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria and the sulfur fixing agent are effectively enhanced in viscosity through the polyethylene wax to achieve the characteristic of better compatibility, meanwhile, polyvinyl alcohol can also be added as a pore-forming agent for carbonization, the micropore deformation degree of the straws is enhanced and the surface roughness of biochar particles is increased during carbonization, and the pore channel effect is more easily exerted, thereby improving the adsorption performance.
3. According to the invention, the carbonized biochar is slightly alkaline, has porosity, can neutralize acid soil, increase the water retention capacity and the air permeability of the soil, adsorb soil nutrients to prevent the nutrients from being lost, and can be used as a habitat for soil microorganisms, so that the number and diversity of pores are improved, and the ecological effect of the soil is maintained.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner comprises the following steps:
step one, taking crop straws: removing impurities on the straws, cleaning soil and sand, and cutting into 3-5cm by cutting equipment;
step two, cleaning and filtering: cleaning straws, placing the straws in water for soaking after cleaning, wherein the soaking time is 30min, adding cellulose degrading bacteria in the soaking process, decomposing cellulose in the soil by the cellulose degrading bacteria, and leading the cellulose to achieve the function of decomposing fungi and ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, wherein the sulfur fixing agent can remove sulfur oxides in the soil in control and treatment of soil pollutants, and polyethylene wax can enhance viscosity in the fermentation process, achieves the characteristic of better compatibility, achieves full fusion, and is then air-dried until the surface is free of moisture, and is subjected to carbonization operation;
step three, fermentation: the air-dried straws are fermented at the temperature of 28 ℃, the humidity of the straws is 40-60% during fermentation, the straws are fermented for 36-64 h, the added cellulose is degraded and fully acts with the ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, the ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria are fused in the straws, the ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria can quickly oxidize ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and then nitric acid nitrogen in the soil in actual use, and the nitrification efficiency is increased;
step four, carbonizing: placing the cut straws in a carbonization furnace for carbonization operation, wherein the time is 50-60min, and the temperature is as follows: 400-500 ℃, the carbonized biochar is alkalescent, has porosity, can neutralize acid soil, increase the water retention and the air permeability of the soil, and adsorb soil nutrients to ensure that the nutrients are not easy to lose, and the large and small pores in the biochar can also be used as habitats of soil microorganisms, so that the number and the diversity of the pores are improved, the ecological effect of the soil is maintained, and if the biochar is applied to polluted soil, pollutants can be temporarily adsorbed in the pores to avoid the pollution expansion;
step five, cooling: cooling the carbonized straws to 5-15 ℃, and cooling by an air cooler during cooling to achieve rapid cooling;
step six, crushing: the carbonized straws are crushed, and the mesh number of the crushing screen is 5-10 mm, so that uniform crushing is realized, and bagging, carrying and moving are facilitated;
step seven, storage: the carbonized straws are stored by controlling the temperature through the sealed bin, the stored bottom is higher than the ground and isolated through the wood board, the straws are prevented from being affected by damp, the carbonized straws are affected in use, the humidity is kept between 5 and 10 percent, trace moisture is reserved, and the straws are favorable for being fused with soil when in use.
Example two:
comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70% of straw, 8% of cellulose degrading bacteria, 6% of ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, 8% of sulfur fixing agent and 8% of polyethylene wax, wherein the function of decomposing fungi in soil can be achieved by adding 8% of cellulose degrading bacteria, the adding value is the same as that of the sulfur fixing agent and the polyethylene wax, the advantages of achieving viscosity and controlling removal of sulfur oxides and the like are achieved, then the ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria can quickly oxidize ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and then nitric acid nitrogen, the nitrification efficiency is increased, the sulfur fixing agent has the function of controlling the soil of a pollutant and removing the sulfur oxides, meanwhile, the viscosity of the polyethylene wax can be improved in the fermentation process, the characteristic of good intermiscibility is achieved, and full fusion is achieved.
Example three:
comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70% of straws, 10% of cellulose degrading bacteria, 8% of ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, 7% of sulfur fixing agent and 5% of polyethylene wax, wherein the straws can be: rice hulls, corn cobs, fruit trees and the like, or sawdust, coconut shells, hay and other materials are compressed and granulated into granular fuels which can be directly combusted and carbonized, the straws are cleaned to remove impurities, so that the straws and fungi are soaked and fused, the fungi, nitric oxide and nitrogen nitrate are degraded and oxidized when the straws and the fungi are used after the straws and the fungi are fused, and meanwhile, a decomposing agent can be added to match with urea to achieve the effect of fertilizer increasing, so that the activity conditioning of phosphorus in soil is facilitated, and the soil respectively measures the content of phosphorus in soil which is conventionally fertilized and the content of phosphorus in soil which is prepared from straw charcoal-based soil phosphorus activity conditioning agents.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that: comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 60-80% of straw, 5-10% of cellulose degrading bacteria, 5-10% of ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, 5-10% of sulfur fixing agent and 3-8% of polyethylene wax.
Step one, taking crop straws: removing impurities on the straws, and cutting into 3-5cm by cutting equipment;
step two, cleaning and filtering: cleaning straws, placing the straws in water for soaking after cleaning, adding cellulose degrading bacteria and ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria in the soaking process, and then air-drying a sulfur-fixing agent and polyethylene wax until the surface is free of moisture;
step three, fermentation: fermenting the air-dried straws at 28 ℃; during fermentation, the humidity of the straw is 40-60%, and the straw is fermented for 36-64 h;
step four, carbonizing: placing the cut straws in a carbonization furnace for carbonization operation, wherein the time is 50-60min, and the temperature is as follows: 400-500 ℃;
step five, cooling: cooling the carbonized straws to 5-15 ℃;
step six, crushing: crushing the carbonized straws, wherein the mesh number of a crushing screen is 5-10 mm;
step seven, storage: the carbonized straws are stored by controlling the temperature through a sealed bin, the bottom of the storage is higher than the ground and isolated by a wood board, and the humidity is kept between 5 and 10 percent.
2. The straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1 are characterized in that: 0.1% of cellulose degrading bacteria, 0.3% of ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria, 0.3% of sulfur fixing agent and 0.2% of polyethylene wax.
3. The straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1 are characterized in that: and the soaking time in the second step is 30 min.
4. The straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1 are characterized in that: and cooling in the fifth step can be carried out by adopting an air cooler for rapid cooling.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210317874.4A CN114656972A (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | Straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202210317874.4A CN114656972A (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | Straw biochar-based soil phosphorus activity conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117303968A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-12-29 | 愚公生态科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of microbial activated carbon fertilizer |
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| CN101492668A (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2009-07-29 | 江苏明睿科技实业有限公司 | Process for producing biological modified carbonize stalk |
| CN105505504A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-20 | 苏州华周胶带有限公司 | Production technology of carbonized straw coal |
| CN108516915A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-11 | 上海金禾天地信息科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of improvement acidic soil conditioner |
| CN110357727A (en) * | 2019-08-18 | 2019-10-22 | 湖北金日生态能源股份有限公司 | A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and its production method |
| CN110627035A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-31 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing biochar by pretreating biomass through anaerobic fermentation |
| CN112374941A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-19 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Soil remediation agent prepared from crop straws and biochar |
-
2022
- 2022-03-29 CN CN202210317874.4A patent/CN114656972A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101492668A (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2009-07-29 | 江苏明睿科技实业有限公司 | Process for producing biological modified carbonize stalk |
| CN105505504A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-20 | 苏州华周胶带有限公司 | Production technology of carbonized straw coal |
| CN108516915A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-11 | 上海金禾天地信息科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of improvement acidic soil conditioner |
| CN110357727A (en) * | 2019-08-18 | 2019-10-22 | 湖北金日生态能源股份有限公司 | A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and its production method |
| CN110627035A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-31 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing biochar by pretreating biomass through anaerobic fermentation |
| CN112374941A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-19 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Soil remediation agent prepared from crop straws and biochar |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117303968A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-12-29 | 愚公生态科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of microbial activated carbon fertilizer |
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