CN114653904B - Preparation method of aluminum alloy strip and aluminum alloy strip - Google Patents
Preparation method of aluminum alloy strip and aluminum alloy strip Download PDFInfo
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- CN114653904B CN114653904B CN202210291668.0A CN202210291668A CN114653904B CN 114653904 B CN114653904 B CN 114653904B CN 202210291668 A CN202210291668 A CN 202210291668A CN 114653904 B CN114653904 B CN 114653904B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 aluminum titanium boron Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
- H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
- H01M50/222—Inorganic material
- H01M50/224—Metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an aluminum alloy strip and the aluminum alloy strip, wherein the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip sequentially comprises the following steps: the raw material formula is prepared by adopting a semi-continuous casting method to obtain an ingot; milling the surface of the cast ingot; heating the cast ingot after face milling by adopting a heating furnace; performing hot continuous rolling on the ingot after the heating treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank; cold rolling the hot rolled blank to obtain an aluminum coil; and sequentially carrying out longitudinal shearing and slitting on the aluminum coil to obtain an aluminum alloy strip. The aluminum alloy strip prepared by the method has the tensile strength of 145-156MPa, the lug making rate of 2.3-3.0%, excellent comprehensive mechanical property, excellent deep drawing property, excellent surface quality, no chromatic aberration, uniform color, excellent edge quality, no influence of sticky and aluminum powder, and easiness in processing, stamping and forming, thereby meeting the requirements for manufacturing the power battery shell.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum processing, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum alloy strip and the aluminum alloy strip.
[ background Art ]
Development of new energy automobiles is an important measure for coping with the existing climate change and promoting green development, because the new energy automobiles are more energy-saving and pollution-free compared with the traditional gasoline-driven automobiles, and especially the pure electric automobiles driven by power batteries are more attractive for users.
The electric power source of the electric automobile is basically a power battery, the electric power battery is protected by a round or square shell, materials are generally divided into aluminum materials and steel materials, and the aluminum materials are more suitable for being used as the shell of the power battery due to the fact that the aluminum materials are easy to process and form, high-temperature corrosion resistance and good conductivity and electric conductivity.
The shell aluminum material used by the existing power battery not only has the characteristics, but also can resist flame after the shell of the power battery is formed, and has the characteristics of good explosion-proof performance, good ageing resistance, long service life, no smoke, no toxicity and the like. However, due to the defects of the preparation method, the problems that the tensile strength, the ear making rate, the comprehensive mechanical property, the deep drawing property, the surface quality and the chromatic aberration are not in accordance with the requirements easily exist.
Accordingly, there is a need for a method of producing an aluminum alloy strip and an aluminum alloy strip to solve the above problems.
[ invention ]
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a preparation method of an aluminum alloy strip and the aluminum alloy strip, which are used for solving the problems that the tensile strength, the ear making rate, the comprehensive mechanical property, the deep drawing property, the surface quality and the chromatic aberration of the shell aluminum material used by the existing power battery are not in accordance with the requirements.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy strip, including the steps of:
s1, preparing a raw material formula by adopting a semi-continuous casting method to obtain an ingot;
the raw material formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si=0.17-0.28%, fe=0.45-0.58%, cu=0.08-0.14%, mn=1.05-1.25%, mg < 0.005%, zn < 0.01%, ti=0.015-0.025%, the balance being Al, wherein, elemental Si adopts metallic silicon, elemental Fe adopts iron agent 80Fe, elemental Mn adopts manganese agent 80Mn, elemental Cu adopts copper agent 80Cu, elemental Ti adopts a mode of online adding grain refiner aluminum titanium boron wire;
s2, milling the surface of the cast ingot;
s3, heating the cast ingot after face milling by a heating furnace, wherein the heating comprises a first section of heating and a second section of heating, the temperature of the first section of heating is 600-610 ℃, the time is 8-12h, the temperature of the second section of heating is 530-540 ℃, and the time is 4-5h;
s4, performing hot continuous rolling on the ingot after the heating treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 5.0-8.0mm, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot continuous rolling is 330-350 ℃;
s5, cold rolling the hot rolled blank to obtain an aluminum coil with the thickness of 1.0-2.0mm, wherein the thickness of the intermediate blank is 1.2-2.8mm when the cold rolling is carried out to an intermediate pass, the intermediate blank is cleaned after the cold rolling is carried out to the intermediate pass, and after the cleaning, the intermediate blank is subjected to complete recrystallization annealing, and then the rolling of the rest pass is carried out;
and S6, longitudinally shearing and slitting the aluminum coil to obtain the aluminum alloy strip with the width of 100-500 mm.
Preferably, in the step S1, the metal content of the iron agent, the manganese agent and the copper agent is 81.5-82.5% by mass, the moisture content is less than 0.05% by mass, and the cake density of the iron agent and the manganese agent is greater than 4.28g/cm 3 The cake density of the copper agent is more than 5.12g/cm 3 。
Preferably, in the step S4, the rolling process of the hot continuous rolling is performed by using an emulsion, and the temperature of the emulsion in the process of use is 55-65 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S4, the hot continuous rolling includes hot rough rolling and hot finish rolling, and the hot rough rolling and the hot finish rolling are put into a nylon brush roll to brush the surface of the roll for 3-5min before rolling, wherein the nylon brush roll keeps consistent with the steering direction of the roll, the pressing force of the brush roll is 3500-3800N, the rotating speed is 350-400rpm, and the transverse movement frequency is 25Hz;
and in the process of rolling, the emulsion is circularly sprayed on the parts with the widths of 100-150mm at both sides of the cast ingot by adopting a mode of opening an emulsion nozzle for 5s and closing the emulsion nozzle for 10 s.
Preferably, in the step S5, the full recrystallization annealing is performed by using a box annealing furnace for at least two annealing steps, wherein the furnace gas temperature of the first annealing step is 560 ℃, the time is 5 hours, the furnace gas temperature of the second annealing step is 390 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2.0 hours.
Preferably, in the step S5, the cold rolling is performed by using a cold rolling mill, and the inlet tension roller of the cold rolling mill is subjected to a chrome plating treatment, wherein the inlet tension roller has uniform hardness, the roughness is 0.85-1.0 μm, and the rolling reduction is 10-15mm.
Preferably, in the step S5, the aluminum coil is cleaned after being obtained; when the intermediate blank and the aluminum coil are cleaned, fan-shaped nozzles with uniform interval distance are adopted for spraying cleaning water for cleaning, and a cleaning machine line cleaning roller is adopted for cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate blank and the aluminum coil respectively, wherein the spraying pressure of the fan-shaped nozzles is 8-10bar, the temperature of the cleaning water is 75-85 ℃, the cleaning water comprises deionized water and cleaning agent with the concentration of 0.5-0.75%, and the cleaning pressure of the cleaning machine line cleaning roller is controlled according to the conversion of the thickness of the intermediate blank or the aluminum coil into current.
Preferably, in step S5, the cross section of the aluminum roll, which is in contact with the sleeve, is polished into an arc shape by a polishing machine after the aluminum roll is obtained.
Preferably, in the step S6, the slitting is performed by a slitting device, a lateral clearance between an upper disc cutter and a lower disc cutter of the slitting device is 6-8% of the thickness of the aluminum alloy strip, and a height difference of each aluminum alloy strip slit in a loop pit of the slitting device is less than 5mm in a natural vertical state.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an aluminum alloy strip, which is manufactured by the above manufacturing method of an aluminum alloy strip, and the aluminum alloy strip is applied to a housing of a power battery.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip material of the invention prepares the aluminum alloy strip material by limiting the raw material formula and sequentially adopting the processes of semi-continuous casting method, face milling, heating treatment, hot continuous rolling, cold rolling, complete recrystallization annealing and longitudinal shearing parting, and can lead the tensile strength to be 145-156MPa, the ear making rate to be 2.3-3.0 percent, the comprehensive mechanical property to be excellent, the deep drawing property to be excellent, the surface quality to be excellent, the color difference to be free, the color and luster to be uniform, the edge quality to be excellent, the influence of sticky and aluminum powder to be free, and the processing and the stamping forming to be easy, thereby meeting the requirements of manufacturing the power battery shell.
[ description of the drawings ]
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the concentration of the cleaning agent corresponding to the free alkali point according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy strip, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a raw material formula by adopting a semi-continuous casting method to obtain an ingot.
Specifically, the raw material formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si=0.17-0.28%, fe=0.45-0.58%, cu=0.08-0.14%, mn=1.05-1.25%, mg < 0.005%, zn < 0.01%, ti=0.015-0.025%, the balance being Al.
Wherein, the element Si adopts metallic silicon, the element Fe adopts iron agent 80Fe, the element Mn adopts manganese agent 80Mn, the element Cu adopts copper agent 80Cu, the element Ti adopts a mode of online adding grain refiner aluminum titanium boron wire, and the rest elements are not additionally added.
The mass fraction of the metal content of the iron agent, the manganese agent and the copper agent in the metal additive is 81.5-82.5%, the mass fraction of the moisture contained in the iron agent, the manganese agent and the copper agent is less than 0.05%, and the cake density of the iron agent and the manganese agent is more than 4.28g/cm 3 The cake density of the copper agent is more than 5.12g/cm 3 。
By controlling the moisture and density of the added metal additives, the quality of the melt can be significantly improved. If the quality of the contained water is too high, the gas content in the melt exceeds the standard, the cast ingot is seriously loose, and the aluminum shell is poorly stamped; if the cake density of the metal additive is too small, on one hand, the cake of the metal additive is not compact, powder combustion slagging is easy to form after the metal additive is added into aluminum water, and on the other hand, the phenomenon that the metal content is insufficient, the content of a fluxing agent exceeds standard, slag inclusion occurs in a melt, the aluminum alloy strip is poor in stamping, and even cracks and scrapps can be caused.
And S2, milling the surface of the cast ingot.
And milling the surface shell layer of the cast ingot by a milling surface.
And S3, heating the cast ingot subjected to surface milling by adopting a heating furnace.
Specifically, the heating treatment comprises a first-stage heating treatment and a second-stage heating treatment, wherein the temperature of the first-stage heating treatment is 600-610 ℃ and the time is 8-12h, and the temperature of the second-stage heating treatment is 530-540 ℃ and the time is 4-5h.
And the ingot after face milling is subjected to first-stage heating treatment by adopting the heating furnace, and after the first-stage heating treatment is finished, the temperature of the heating furnace is directly converted into 530-540 ℃ to be subjected to second-stage heating treatment until the time of the second-stage heating treatment is finished.
And S4, performing hot continuous rolling on the ingot after the heating treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 5.0-8.0 mm.
Specifically, the finishing temperature of the hot continuous rolling is 330-350 ℃.
Specifically, the rolling process of hot continuous rolling adopts emulsion for lubrication and cooling, and the temperature of the emulsion in the using process is 55-65 ℃.
The emulsion is sprayed onto a working roll (roller) in a spraying mode, so that the emulsion has good oil-water separation property and good lubricating property, and the aluminum plate rolled by hot continuous rolling is smooth in surface and uniform in color.
The emulsion is a soap-free emulsion, and the soap-free emulsion is an emulsion without metal soap and organic soap components. Compared with the traditional soap-based emulsion, a uniform and compact aluminum-sticking coating is required to be formed on the roller, namely, a layer of physical adhesive film is formed on the roller, and the combination of the physical adhesive film and the roller is not firm, so that in actual production, if the aluminum-sticking coating is improperly controlled, the aluminum-sticking coating is easy to fall off, and the non-metal pressing defect of the aluminum alloy plate surface occurs. In the embodiment, by adopting the soap-free emulsion as the emulsion, a chemical reaction film can be formed on the roller through chemical reaction, so that the 'aluminum-sticking coating' which is necessarily formed by the soap-based emulsion is not required to be controlled, and the defects caused by the traditional soap-based emulsion are completely avoided.
Specifically, the hot continuous rolling comprises hot rough rolling and hot finish rolling, the hot rough rolling and the hot finish rolling are put into a nylon brush roll to brush the surface of the roll for 3-5min before rolling, wherein the nylon brush roll and the roll are kept consistent in steering, the pressing force of the brush roll is 3500-3800N, the rotating speed is 350-400rpm, and the transverse movement frequency is 25Hz.
Therefore, when rolling is carried out, the brush roller is not needed to be put into the whole process, and the brush roller is prevented from damaging a uniform and fine chemical reaction film on the surface of the roller, so that the surface quality of the obtained aluminum alloy strip is excellent.
Specifically, in the process of rolling, the emulsion is circularly sprayed on the parts with the widths of 100-150mm on both sides of the cast ingot by adopting a mode of opening an emulsion nozzle for 5s and closing the emulsion nozzle for 10 s.
Therefore, the finish rolling temperature of the edge of the hot rolled blank can be increased while the rolling lubrication of the edge is met, and the temperature difference between the edge and the middle is kept within 3 ℃. If the emulsion is sprayed along the bandwidth, the emulsion quantity at the edge part is large, the taken heat quantity is more than that at the middle part, and the temperature is lower than that of the middle part by 10-15 ℃, so that the ear making rate of the finished product is uneven, the gap is large, and the rejection rate of the impact force battery shell is higher. In this embodiment, the emulsion nozzle is opened for 5s and closed for 10s along the portions with the widths of 100-150mm on both sides of the ingot, so that the problem is completely avoided.
And S5, cold rolling the hot rolled blank to obtain an aluminum coil with the thickness of 1.0-2.0 mm.
Specifically, when the intermediate billet is cold rolled to an intermediate pass, the thickness of the intermediate billet is 1.2-2.8mm, after the intermediate billet is cold rolled to the intermediate pass, the intermediate billet is cleaned, and after the intermediate billet is cleaned, the intermediate billet is subjected to complete recrystallization annealing, and then the intermediate billet is subjected to rolling of the remaining pass.
The intermediate billet is a hot rolled billet when the hot rolled billet is subjected to cold rolling to an intermediate pass. And cleaning the intermediate blank, so that rolling oil and aluminum powder can be removed.
Specifically, the complete recrystallization annealing adopts a box annealing furnace to carry out at least two sections of annealing treatments, wherein the furnace gas temperature of the first section of annealing treatment is 560 ℃, the time is 5 hours, the furnace gas temperature of the second section of annealing treatment is 390 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2.0 hours.
When the intermediate blank in the cold rolling process is subjected to complete recrystallization annealing, the box-type annealing furnace is adopted to carry out first-stage annealing treatment, and after the first-stage annealing treatment is finished, the furnace gas temperature of the box-type annealing furnace is directly regulated to 390 ℃ to carry out second-stage annealing treatment until the time of the second-stage annealing treatment is finished.
The adoption of the complete recrystallization annealing of high-temperature rapid heat treatment can avoid uneven growth of crystal grains caused by segregation of Mn-containing aluminum alloy components, can lead the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy strip to be fine and uniform, lead the grain size to reach 21-28 mu m, lead the deep drawing performance to be good, and lead the ear making rate of a finished product to reach 2.0-3.5 percent by matching with other processing technologies, thereby meeting the requirements of manufacturing the power battery shell. The excessively high or low lug making rate can lead to the phenomenon of V-shaped material shortage at the edge of the square battery shell and finally to scrapping, and the scrapping phenomenon caused by the excessively high or low lug making rate can be completely avoided through the complete recrystallization annealing and other processing technologies.
Specifically, the cold rolling is performed by a cold rolling mill, and an inlet tensioning roller of the cold rolling mill is subjected to chromium plating treatment, wherein the inlet tensioning roller is high and uniform in hardness, the roughness is 0.85-1.0 mu m, and the rolling reduction is 10-15mm.
The chromium plating tensioning roller with high and uniform surface hardness and uniform roughness can improve the roller surface quality of the inlet tensioning roller.
Therefore, the surface color of the obtained finished product is uniform, and meanwhile, the finished product is not easy to slip by combining proper rolling reduction, so that aluminum sticking or scratch is avoided, and the finished product with excellent surface quality is obtained.
Specifically, the aluminum coil is cleaned after being obtained, so that foreign matters such as rolling oil, aluminum powder and iron powder on the aluminum coil can be removed.
Specifically, when the intermediate blank and the aluminum coil are cleaned, fan-shaped nozzles with uniform interval distance are adopted to spray cleaning water for cleaning, and a cleaning machine line cleaning roller is adopted to respectively clean the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate blank and the aluminum coil, wherein the spraying pressure of the fan-shaped nozzles is 8-10bar, and the temperature of the cleaning water is 75-85 ℃.
The fan-shaped nozzles with uniform spacing distance are adopted to spray the cleaning water for cleaning, so that the cleaning water can cover the whole plane of the intermediate blank and the aluminum coil.
The cleaning pressure of the cleaning machine line cleaning roller is controlled by converting the thickness of the intermediate blank or the aluminum roll into current, and the upper cleaning roller and the lower cleaning roller of the cleaning machine line automatically adjust the pressing force according to the thickness of the intermediate blank or the aluminum roll. The rated current is 80-90% of the rated current when the thickness is less than 1.0 mm; when the thickness is 1.0-2.0mm, the pressing current is 60-70% of rated current; the thickness is more than 2.0-4.0mm, the pressing current is 30-40% of rated current, and the rated current is 10 amperes. If the pressing force of the cleaning machine line cleaning roller is too large, the brush hair of the cleaning machine line cleaning roller can influence the surface quality of a finished product, and a brush mark phenomenon is generated; if the pressing force is too small, the cleaning is not clean, but the defect caused by too large or too small pressing force can be completely avoided by limiting the pressing force, so that the cleaning is realized, and the surface of a finished product is ensured to be clean.
Specifically, the cleaning water comprises deionized water and a cleaning agent with the concentration of 0.5-0.75%.
As shown in fig. 2, the concentration of the cleaning agent is shown as a graph corresponding to a free alkali point, wherein the concentration of the cleaning agent is=0.01445+0.2642, the free alkali point is the volume of the hydrochloric acid solution consumed by the cleaning agent in 50mL of cleaning water, the unit is mL, and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.1mol/L.
The concentration of the characteristic cleaning agent is controlled by the conductivity of the cleaning water in the prior art, and the concentration is easy to be interfered by aluminum powder, iron powder, grease and other foreign matters in the cleaning water, so that the cleaning quality is seriously affected. In the embodiment, the concentration of the cleaning agent is monitored by a scientific method, so that the adverse defects caused by the conductivity characterization index are avoided, and the finished product with clean surface and without aluminum powder, iron powder and grease can be obtained. If the concentration of the cleaning agent is too high, alkali mark defects are easily caused on the surface of the finished product, and the surface of the finished product is corroded to cause serious whitening; if the concentration of the cleaning agent is too low, rolling oil and aluminum powder on the surface of the strip cannot be removed cleanly, and the aluminum powder on the surface of the finished product can also cause defects such as pit, extrusion injury and the like of the stamping shell. By the limitation, the embodiment completely solves the defect caused by the too high or too low concentration of the cleaning agent.
Specifically, after the aluminum coil is obtained, a grinding and polishing machine is adopted to polish the cross section of the aluminum coil, which is in contact with the sleeve, into an arc shape.
Wherein the tangential angle of the arc-shaped cross section, namely the chord tangent angle, is 30-40 degrees.
This prevents transverse folding of the right-angle cross section of the aluminum roll and the sleeve under high coiling tension.
And S6, longitudinally shearing and slitting the aluminum coil to obtain the aluminum alloy strip with the width of 100-500 mm.
Specifically, the slitting is performed by slitting equipment, and the side gaps of an upper disc cutter and a lower disc cutter of the slitting equipment are 6-8% of the thickness of the aluminum alloy strip.
Therefore, the finished product with good edge quality, smooth edge cutting, burr height less than 0.02mm and no aluminum powder falling can be obtained, and aluminum powder can not be pressed into the power battery shell during punching.
Specifically, the height difference of each aluminum alloy strip cut in the looper pit of the slitting and slitting device is less than 5mm in a natural vertical state.
Therefore, a finished product with excellent plate shape and small internal residual stress can be obtained, and the power battery shell can not be scrapped due to distortion and deformation during punching, so that the requirement of manufacturing the power battery shell is met.
The heating furnaces and the box annealing furnaces in the steps can be the same type according to actual requirements, or different types of heating furnaces and box annealing furnaces can be used, and correspondingly, the same heating furnace and box annealing furnace can be used, or different heating furnaces and box annealing furnaces can be used.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip in the embodiment is to prepare the aluminum alloy strip by defining a raw material formula and sequentially adopting the processes of semi-continuous casting, face milling, heating treatment, hot continuous rolling, cold rolling, complete recrystallization annealing and longitudinal shearing slitting, so that the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy strip is 145-156MPa, the ear making rate is 2.3-3.0%, the comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, the deep drawing performance is excellent, the surface quality is excellent, the adhesive crease and the color difference are avoided, the color and luster are uniform, the edge quality is excellent, the quality defects such as aluminum powder and the like are avoided, and the processing and the stamping forming are easy, thereby meeting the requirements of manufacturing the power battery shell.
The aluminum alloy strip used for the power battery shell needs to meet the conditions: the thickness is 1.0-2.0mm, the width is 100-500mm, the tensile strength is 140-160MPa, the ear making rate is 2.0-3.5%, the comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, the deep drawing performance is excellent, the surface quality is excellent, and the chromatic aberration is avoided. The technical effects achieved by the embodiment can meet the conditions for manufacturing the power battery shell, and meet the requirements of manufacturing the power battery shell on aluminum alloy strips.
The invention also provides another embodiment, and provides an aluminum alloy strip which is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy strip in the embodiment, and the aluminum alloy strip in the embodiment is applied to a shell of a power battery.
Because the aluminum alloy strip in the embodiment is made by the method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy strip in the above embodiment, the aluminum alloy strip in the embodiment can also achieve the technical effects achieved by the method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy strip in the above embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted here.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing an aluminum alloy strip, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a raw material formula by adopting a semi-continuous casting method to obtain an ingot;
the raw material formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si=0.17-0.28%, fe=0.45-0.58%, cu=0.08-0.14%, mn=1.05-1.25%, mg < 0.005%, zn < 0.01%, ti=0.015-0.025%, the balance being Al, wherein, elemental Si adopts metallic silicon, elemental Fe adopts iron agent 80Fe, elemental Mn adopts manganese agent 80Mn, elemental Cu adopts copper agent 80Cu, elemental Ti adopts a mode of online adding grain refiner aluminum titanium boron wire;
s2, milling the surface of the cast ingot;
s3, heating the cast ingot after face milling by a heating furnace, wherein the heating comprises a first section of heating and a second section of heating, the temperature of the first section of heating is 600-610 ℃, the time is 8-12h, the temperature of the second section of heating is 530-540 ℃, and the time is 4-5h;
s4, performing hot continuous rolling on the ingot after the heating treatment to obtain a hot rolled blank with the thickness of 5.0-8.0mm, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot continuous rolling is 330-350 ℃;
s5, cold rolling the hot rolled blank to obtain an aluminum coil with the thickness of 1.0-2.0mm, wherein the thickness of the intermediate blank is 1.2-2.8mm when the cold rolling is carried out to an intermediate pass, the intermediate blank is cleaned after the cold rolling is carried out to the intermediate pass, and after the cleaning, the intermediate blank is subjected to complete recrystallization annealing, and then the rolling of the rest pass is carried out;
and S6, longitudinally shearing and slitting the aluminum coil to obtain the aluminum alloy strip with the width of 100-500 mm.
2. The method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the ironThe mass fraction of the metal content of the agent, the manganese agent and the copper agent is 81.5-82.5%, the mass fraction of the contained moisture is less than 0.05%, and the cake density of the iron agent and the manganese agent is more than 4.28g/cm 3 The cake density of the copper agent is more than 5.12g/cm 3 。
3. The method of producing aluminum alloy strip according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the hot continuous rolling is performed by using an emulsion at a process temperature of 55 to 65 ℃.
4. The method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4, the hot continuous rolling includes hot rough rolling and hot finish rolling, the hot rough rolling and the hot finish rolling are put into a nylon brush roll to clean the surface of the roll for 3-5min before rolling, wherein the nylon brush roll and the roll are kept in the same direction of rotation, the pressing force of the brush roll is 3500-3800N, the rotating speed is 350-400rpm, and the transverse movement frequency is 25Hz;
and in the process of rolling, the emulsion is circularly sprayed on the parts with the widths of 100-150mm at both sides of the cast ingot by adopting a mode of opening an emulsion nozzle for 5s and closing the emulsion nozzle for 10 s.
5. The method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the full recrystallization annealing is performed by using a box annealing furnace for at least two annealing treatments, wherein the furnace gas temperature of the first annealing treatment is 560 ℃ for 5 hours, the furnace gas temperature of the second annealing treatment is 390 ℃ for 1.5-2.0 hours.
6. The method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the cold rolling is performed by a cold rolling mill, and an inlet tension roller of the cold rolling mill is subjected to a chromium plating treatment, wherein the inlet tension roller has a uniform hardness, a roughness of 0.85 to 1.0 μm, and a reduction of 10 to 15mm.
7. The method of producing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the aluminum coil is obtained and then cleaned; when the intermediate blank and the aluminum coil are cleaned, fan-shaped nozzles with uniform interval distance are adopted for spraying cleaning water for cleaning, and a cleaning machine line cleaning roller is adopted for cleaning the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate blank and the aluminum coil respectively, wherein the spraying pressure of the fan-shaped nozzles is 8-10bar, the temperature of the cleaning water is 75-85 ℃, the cleaning water comprises deionized water and cleaning agent with the concentration of 0.5-0.75%, and the cleaning pressure of the cleaning machine line cleaning roller is controlled according to the conversion of the thickness of the intermediate blank or the aluminum coil into current.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the cross section of the aluminum coil in contact with the sleeve is polished into an arc shape by a polishing machine.
9. The method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the slitting is performed by a slitting device, the side gaps of the upper disc knife and the lower disc knife of the slitting device are 6-8% of the thickness of the aluminum alloy strip, and the height difference of each aluminum alloy strip slit in the looper pit of the slitting device is less than 5mm in a natural vertical state.
10. An aluminum alloy strip, characterized in that the aluminum alloy strip is produced by the method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is applied to a housing of a power cell.
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