CN114646273A - Partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114646273A CN114646273A CN202210559248.6A CN202210559248A CN114646273A CN 114646273 A CN114646273 A CN 114646273A CN 202210559248 A CN202210559248 A CN 202210559248A CN 114646273 A CN114646273 A CN 114646273A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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Abstract
The application relates to a partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device and a method, wherein a sensor assembly of the monitoring device is connected with an arc-shaped plate through a connecting rod assembly, and the connecting rod assembly is designed in a separable mode; the sensor assembly protection device comprises a sensor assembly protection barrel and a plurality of sensors positioned in the protection barrel; the protection cylinder is connected with the operating rod, before monitoring, utilizes the operating rod to pack the sensor assembly into assigned position in the drilling, makes the disconnection of connecting rod subassembly through the pulling operating rod after accomplishing the monitoring to realize the separation of monitoring subassembly and arc, continue the pulling operating rod and take out sensor assembly from the drilling. The invention realizes the recycling of the core component sensor of the monitoring device, and can realize the single-point multi-directional deformation monitoring in the drill hole and the multi-point deformation monitoring of the whole drill hole.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of mining safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device and method.
Background
Rock burst is a typical mine dynamic phenomenon and has great harmfulness. The dynamic phenomenon instantly releases a large amount of elastic deformation energy accumulated in the coal rock mass in a sharp and violent mode, so that the coal rock mass is damaged and generates strong vibration, the broken coal rock is thrown to a roadway excavation space by the dynamic phenomenon, and strong sound is emitted, so that equipment damage, roadway damage, casualties and the like are caused. In the prevention and treatment of rock burst, the large-diameter drill hole is usually adopted for advanced pressure relief, and after the drill hole is used, a deformation monitoring device in the drill hole is required to monitor the deformation condition inside the drill hole, so that the pressure relief effect of the coal rock mass is obtained.
However, the existing in-hole deformation monitoring device can only monitor the deformation of one point in the drill hole, and cannot monitor the deformation of the hole wall at multiple positions in the drill hole at the same time, and the deformation condition in the drill hole cannot be comprehensively known by the monitoring result of a single monitoring point; moreover, the monitoring component that is located the drilling is a whole, and the monitoring component is whole monitoring devices's core component, and the price is high, and when the drilling deflection was great, monitoring devices wholly is blocked in the drilling, and unable recovery monitoring components recycles, leads to with high costs.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a device and a method for monitoring pressure relief effect of a partially-recycled coal rock mass, so as to solve the problems that the existing monitoring device cannot simultaneously monitor deformation of a plurality of hole walls in a drill hole and cannot realize recycling of a sensor when the deformation of the drill hole is large.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a partial recovery formula coal petrography body release effect monitoring devices, includes:
the sensor assembly is provided with a protection cylinder and a sensor, a plurality of subspaces are arranged in the protection cylinder, the subspaces are symmetrically arranged around the axis of the protection cylinder, and a sensor is arranged in each subspace; the wall of the protection barrel is provided with a through hole communicated with the subspace;
the first end of the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the through hole to enter the subspace, and can move towards the sensor under the action of external force and be in pressing contact with the sensor;
the number of the arc plates is the same as that of the sensors, and the arc plates are detachably connected with the sensor assemblies through the connecting rod assemblies; the inner concave wall of the arc-shaped plate is connected with the second end of the connecting rod assembly;
the operating rod is connected with the protection barrel, the sensor assembly is installed at a specified position in the advanced pressure relief drilling hole through the operating rod, and the sensor assembly is separated from the arc-shaped plate through pulling the operating rod, so that the recovery of the sensor assembly is realized.
Further, the connecting rod assembly is provided with a first conducting rod and a second conducting rod which are separable, and a first end of the first conducting rod penetrates through the through hole to enter the subspace; a first adapter is arranged at the second end of the first transmission rod, a compression spring is arranged on the first transmission rod, and two ends of the compression spring are respectively abutted against the first adapter and the outer wall of the protection cylinder; a first end of the second conducting rod is provided with a second adapter, and a second end of the second conducting rod is connected with the inner concave wall of the arc-shaped plate; first adapter and second adapter detachable be connected, connect first adapter and second adapter can be in disconnection under the pulling of action bars.
Further, first adapter has the bulge, and the bulge has the evagination arcwall face, the second adapter have with the recess that the bulge was pegged graft, the cell wall of recess has interior arcwall face.
Further, the protrusion is 1/2 sphere structure, and the groove is 1/2 hollow sphere structure.
Furthermore, the operating rod is a hollow tube, an optical cable connected with the sensor is led out of the advanced pressure relief drill hole through the hollow tube and is connected with the fiber bragg grating demodulator; the operating rod is detachably connected with the axial side end of the protection cylinder.
Furthermore, both axial side ends of the protection cylinder are provided with first connecting parts, and both ends of the operating rod are provided with second connecting parts which are detachably connected with the first connecting parts; a plurality of the sensor assemblies are connected in series with a plurality of the operation levers.
Further, one of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is an external thread, and the other is an internal thread.
Further, the protruding portion of the first adapter is provided with a magnet, and the groove wall of the second adapter is provided with iron.
Furthermore, a plurality of partition plates are radially arranged in the protection cylinder, and the partition plates divide the inner space of the protection cylinder into a plurality of symmetrical subspaces.
Furthermore, the main body part of the first transmission rod is a stepped rod and comprises a first section and a second section, the diameter of the first section is smaller than that of the second section, the diameter of the through hole is larger than or equal to that of the first section and smaller than that of the second section, and the first section penetrates through the through hole and enters the subspace.
Further, the sensor is fixed on the side wall of the subspace through a protection piece; the protection part is provided with a cavity, the maximum limit pressure which can be borne by the antiskid piece is smaller than the critical crushing pressure of the sensor, and the volume of the protection part becomes smaller after the protection part is crushed.
Furthermore, the second conducting rod is connected with the central point of the inner concave wall of the arc-shaped plate, and the second conducting rod is arranged along the radial direction of the arc-shaped plate; the center department of the evagination arcwall face of arc is equipped with the mounting groove, is equipped with the gyro wheel through the pivot in the mounting groove, at least partly protrusion that the radial is global of gyro wheel the evagination arcwall face of arc, just the axis of pivot with the axis of second conduction pole is crossing perpendicularly.
Furthermore, the roller is arranged on the rotating shaft through a one-way bearing.
Furthermore, the partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device further comprises a fixing mechanism for fixing the operation end of the operation rod at the hole opening of the advanced pressure relief drill hole.
Furthermore, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing barrel, a telescopic rod and a fixing plate, internal threads are arranged on the inner wall of the fixing barrel, external threads are arranged at the operating end of the operating rod outside the advanced pressure-relief drill hole, and the operating end of the operating rod is in threaded connection with the fixing barrel; the telescopic rods are distributed along the radial direction of the fixed cylinder; the first end of telescopic link and the periphery wall fixed connection of a fixed cylinder, the second end of telescopic link sets up the fixed plate, and the lateral surface of fixed plate sets up the rubber layer, and the rubber layer has the arcwall face, the radian of arcwall face and the radian looks adaptation of advance release drilling pore wall.
Furthermore, the arc-shaped plate has a first position state and a second position state, wherein the first position state is a natural state, and the arc-shaped plate is not in a radially contracted state; the second position state is a state when all the arc-shaped plates are radially and inwardly contracted to the maximum, at the moment, all the arc-shaped plates form a complete cylinder, and the arc-shaped plates can move along the radial direction of the cylinder formed by the arc-shaped plates in a surrounding manner; in a first position, the center points of the outer contours of all the arc-shaped plates have a first diameter; in the scheme of arranging the rollers, the first diameter is the diameter of a circle where the radially outward farthest points of the rollers on all the arc-shaped plates are located along the arc-shaped plates in a natural state; in a second position, the outer contour of the curved plate has a second diameter; the first diameter is larger than the aperture of the advanced pressure relief drill hole, and the second diameter is smaller than the aperture of the advanced pressure relief drill hole.
On the other hand, the partial recovery type coal and rock body pressure relief effect monitoring device is utilized.
Further, the method for monitoring the pressure relief effect of the coal rock mass comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: determining the positions of a plurality of monitoring points in the advanced pressure relief drill hole according to monitoring requirements, selecting a plurality of operating rods with corresponding lengths according to the distance between two adjacent monitoring points, and selecting sensor assemblies, arc-shaped plates and connecting rod assemblies which are the same in number as the monitoring points;
step two: the sensor assemblies and the arc-shaped plates are assembled and connected by the connecting rod assemblies, and the multiple groups of sensor assemblies are connected in series by the operating rods; the sensor assembly after series connection is arranged at a specified position in the advanced pressure relief drill hole through the operating rod, and the operating end of the operating rod is fixed at the hole opening of the advanced pressure relief drill hole by using the fixing mechanism;
step three: starting a fiber grating demodulator to start testing;
step four: after the test is finished, firstly, the fixing mechanism is dismantled, the operating rod is pulled, and the operating end of the operating rod is pulled to separate the sensor assemblies from the arc-shaped plate until all the sensor assemblies are moved out of the advanced pressure relief drill hole for recovery; and obtaining the pressure relief effect of the coal rock mass according to the deformation monitoring result of the pressure relief drilling hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
a) according to the partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device, the sensor assembly is connected with the arc-shaped plate through the connecting rod assembly, the connecting rod assembly is in a separable design, the connecting rod assembly can be disconnected by pulling the operating rod after monitoring is completed, separation of the monitoring assembly and the arc-shaped plate is achieved, the arc-shaped plate is left in the advanced pressure relief drill hole under the extrusion effect of the advanced pressure relief drill hole wall, so that cicada shelling of the sensor assembly is achieved, and the core and precious sensor assembly is taken out through the operating rod, so that the sensor assembly is recovered and reused.
b) According to the partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device, the sensor assembly comprises the plurality of sensors, single-point multidirectional deformation monitoring in a drill hole can be achieved, the FBG sensors are connected in series through the optical fibers, and multipoint deformation monitoring of the whole drill hole can be achieved.
c) The method for monitoring the pressure relief effect of the coal rock mass is convenient to operate, can realize single-point multidirectional deformation monitoring in the drill hole, can also realize multipoint deformation monitoring of the whole drill hole, and can comprehensively know the deformation conditions at different depth positions of the drill hole; can retrieve core component sensor subassembly after the monitoring is accomplished, even when drilling deformation degree is great, also can realize the recovery of sensor and recycle, show reduce cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present specification, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first angle of a partial recovery type coal-rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second angle of the partial pressure relief effect monitoring device for a coal-rock mass according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first conducting rod of the partial recovery type coal-rock pressure relief effect monitoring device provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the second conducting rod and the arc-shaped plate of the partial recovery type coal-rock pressure relief effect monitoring device provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an operating rod of the partial recovery type coal-rock pressure relief effect monitoring device provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic layout view of a multi-point monitoring in a borehole by using the partial recovery type coal-rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a sensor; 2. a partition plate; 3. a protective cylinder; 4. a compression spring; 5. a first conductive rod; 6. a first adapter; 7. a second adapter; 8. a second conductive rod; 9. an arc-shaped plate; 10. a one-way damping device; 11. a roller; 12. a fiber grating demodulator; 13. a roadway; 14. an optical cable; 15. a coal rock mass; 16. an operating lever; 17. a monitoring device; 18. drilling holes for pressure relief in advance; 19. and (4) external threads.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will be made in terms of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
One embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, discloses a partially-recycled coal-rock pressure relief effect monitoring device, which is characterized by comprising:
the sensor assembly is provided with a protection cylinder 3 and sensors 1, a plurality of subspaces are arranged in the protection cylinder 3, the subspaces are symmetrically arranged around the axis of the protection cylinder 3, and one sensor 1 is arranged in each subspace; the wall of the protection barrel 3 is provided with a through hole communicated with the subspace;
a connecting rod assembly, wherein a first end of the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the through hole to enter the subspace, and can move towards the sensor 1 under the action of external force and be in pressing contact with the sensor 1;
the number of the arc plates 9 is the same as that of the sensors 1, multi-directional deformation monitoring inside a pressure relief advance drill hole 18 (may be called as a "drill hole" for short) can be realized, and the arc plates 9 are detachably connected with the sensor assembly through the connecting rod assembly; the inner concave wall of the arc-shaped plate 9 is connected with the second end of the connecting rod component; the arc-shaped plates 9 can be radially close to or far away from the protection cylinder 3;
the operating rod 16 is connected with the protective cylinder 3, the sensor assembly is installed at a specified position in a drill hole through the operating rod 16, and the sensor assembly is separated from the arc-shaped plate 9 through pulling the operating rod 16, so that the recovery of the sensor assembly is realized.
In this embodiment, the link rod assembly can be disconnected by pulling the operating rod 16, thereby enabling the sensor assembly to be recovered. In an alternative embodiment, the connecting rod assembly has a first conductive rod 5 and a second conductive rod 8 which are separable, a first end of the first conductive rod 5 passes through the through hole and enters a second end of the first conductive rod 5 in the subspace, a first rotating joint 6 is arranged at the second end, a compression spring 4 is sleeved on the first conductive rod 5, and two ends of the compression spring 4 respectively abut against the first rotating joint 6 and the outer wall of the protection cylinder 3; a first end of the second conducting rod 8 is provided with a second adapter 7, and a second end of the second conducting rod 8 is connected with the inner concave wall of the arc-shaped plate 9; the first adapter 6 and the second adapter 7 are detachably connected, and the connected first adapter 6 and the connected second adapter 7 can be disconnected under the pulling of the operating rod 16.
Wherein the first end of the first conductive rod 5 is movable within said subspace. When the arc-shaped plate 9 is radially contracted, the first end of the first conducting rod 5 can move towards the sensor 1 until the sensor 1 is pressed; when the arc-shaped plate 9 moves radially outwards to be unfolded, the first end of the first conducting rod 5 can move away from the sensor 1 until being separated from the sensor 1, and the first end of the first conducting rod 5 is also located in the subspace of the protection barrel 3 in the completely unfolded state of the arc-shaped plate 9.
In one alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the first adapter 6 has a protrusion with a convex arc surface, and the second adapter 7 has a groove inserted into the protrusion, and the wall of the groove has a concave arc surface. The projection can be rotated within the recess to disengage under the pull of the lever 16.
Further, the protrusion is 1/2 sphere structure, and the groove is 1/2 hollow sphere structure.
In this embodiment, the monitoring device further includes a fiber bragg grating demodulator 12, the sensor 1 is an FBG sensor, the operating rod 16 is a hollow tube, and the optical cable 14 connected with the sensor 1 is led out of the borehole from the hollow tube and is connected with the fiber bragg grating demodulator 12; the operating rod 16 is detachably connected with the axial side end of the protection barrel 3, so that different sensor assemblies can be conveniently detached and replaced.
In order to realize simultaneous monitoring of multiple points in a drill hole, first connecting parts are arranged at two axial side ends of the protection cylinder 3, and second connecting parts are arranged at two ends of the operating rod 16 and are detachably connected with the first connecting parts; optionally, the protection cylinder 3 is a cylinder, one of the first connection portion and the second connection portion is an external thread, and the other is an internal thread, for example, as shown in fig. 5, two ends of the operation rod 16 are provided with external threads 19, and correspondingly, two ends of the protection cylinder 3 are provided with internal threads adapted to the external threads 19. Utilize many the action bars 16 will be a plurality of the sensor subassembly series connection to realize the drilling multiple spot simultaneous monitoring, through establishing ties a plurality of sensor subassemblies promptly, realize the drilling pore wall deformation condition of monitoring different positions in the drilling simultaneously.
Further, the bulge of first adapter 6 has magnet, the recess cell wall of second adapter 7 has iron, and for example, second adapter 7 sets up the recess for the iron plate on the iron plate, and the magnet of hemispherical structure adsorbs with the recess of iron plate to be connected.
In this embodiment, the inner space of the protection cylinder 3 is radially provided with a plurality of partition plates 2, and the partition plates 2 equally divide the inner space of the protection cylinder 3 into a plurality of symmetrical subspaces. Wherein, the protection cylinder 3 is made of high-strength alloy material, and the radial compressive strength of the protection cylinder 3 is increased by arranging the plurality of clapboards 2, so that the protection of the sensor 1 is improved.
Illustratively, the inside of the protective cylinder 3 has 4 subspaces, correspondingly, the number of the connecting rod assemblies and the arc-shaped plates 9 is 4, the size of the arc-shaped plates 9 can be selected according to the hole diameter of the drilled hole, and optionally, the radius of the protective cylinder 3 is 1/5 of the radius of the arc-shaped plates 9; the central angle of each subspace is 90 degrees, the partition plate 2 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the protective barrel 3 in a welding mode, a sensor a, a sensor b, a sensor c and a sensor d are installed in the four subspaces, and each sensor is connected with one optical fiber in the optical cable 14. When a plurality of sensor assemblies are required to be connected in series to carry out multi-point monitoring on the inner wall of a drill hole, a plurality of sensors 1 with corresponding numbers are respectively connected in series through four optical fibers in an optical cable 14, the serial numbers of the sensors connected in series with each optical fiber are required to be consistent, the optical cable 14 penetrates through a cavity of an operating rod 16, a plurality of protective cylinders 3 are connected in series through the operating rod 16, the operating rod 16 is used for pushing a monitoring device into an advanced pressure relief drill hole 18, and the other end of the optical cable 14 is connected to an optical fiber grating demodulator 12.
In order to prevent the sensor 1 from being damaged due to excessive deformation of the wall of the drill hole, which causes excessive compression of the sensor 1 by the first conductive rod 5, in an alternative embodiment, the main body of the first conductive rod 5 is a stepped rod, which includes a first section and a second section, the diameter of the first section is smaller than that of the second section, the diameter of the through hole is greater than or equal to that of the first section and smaller than that of the second section, and the first section passes through the through hole and enters the subspace. The length of the first section limits the moving distance of the first end of the first conducting rod 5 in the subspace of the protective cylinder 3, so that the sensor 1 is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the first end of the first conducting rod 5 excessively extrudes the sensor 1 due to serious deformation of the hole wall of the drilled hole. Adopt ladder type pole, rationally set up the length of first section, when the ladder terminal surface of first section and second section and the outer wall contact of a protection section of thick bamboo 3, the pressure of first section extrusion sensor is about to reach the critical failure pressure of sensor 1 to effectively protect the sensor.
Further, the ladder terminal surface of ladder-shaped pole is the arcwall face, arcwall face and the outer wall arc looks adaptation of a protection section of thick bamboo 3, and the arc ladder terminal surface of ladder-shaped pole can laminate with the outer wall of the arc of a protection section of thick bamboo 3, increases ladder-shaped pole and a protection section of thick bamboo 3's area of contact, prevents to cause the deformation of a protection section of thick bamboo 3 or even damage because of area of contact is little.
In order to further protect the sensor, the sensor 1 is fixed on the side wall of the subspace of the protection barrel 3 through a protection part; the protection part is provided with a cavity, the maximum limit pressure which can be borne by the antiskid part is less than the critical crushing pressure of the sensor 1, and the volume of the protection part becomes smaller after the protection part is crushed. Illustratively, the protection part is a hollow pipe, the sensor 1 is connected with the radial peripheral surface of the hollow pipe, and the radial peripheral surface of the hollow pipe is connected with the partition board 2 in the protection barrel 3; when the protection barrel 3 is extruded and deformed by the wall of a drilling hole, or the step end face of the step rod deforms, so that the sensor 1 is extruded in a first transition mode, at the moment, the protection piece is firstly crushed before the extrusion force reaches the critical crushing pressure of the sensor 1, the size of the crushed protection piece is reduced, a certain buffer space is provided for the sensor 1, and therefore damage to the sensor can be reduced. Optionally, the protection part is made of a continuous carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, the hollow pipe made of the continuous carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite material can absorb energy in the crushing process, and the pipe diameter and the pipe wall thickness of the hollow pipe are determined according to the impact force during crushing.
In this embodiment, the second conducting rod 8 is connected to a central point of an inner concave wall of the arc plate 9, and the second conducting rod 8 is arranged along a radial direction of the arc plate 9; the center department of the evagination arcwall face of arc 9 is equipped with the mounting groove, is equipped with gyro wheel 11 through the pivot in the mounting groove, at least a part protrusion that radial global of gyro wheel 11 the evagination arcwall face of arc 9, just the axis of pivot with the axis of second conduction pole 8 is crossing perpendicularly. The movement of the monitoring device in the borehole is facilitated by the provision of rollers 11 on the arcuate plate 9.
In this embodiment, the arc plate 9 has a first position state and a second position state, the first position state is a natural state, and the arc plate 9 is not in a radially contracted state; the second position state is a state when all the arc-shaped plates 9 are radially and inwardly contracted to the maximum, at this time, all the arc-shaped plates 9 form a complete cylinder, and the arc-shaped plates 9 can move along the radial direction of the cylinder enclosed by the arc-shaped plates 9; in the first position, the centre points of the outer contours of all the curved plates 9 have a first diameter; in the scheme of arranging the rollers 11, the first diameter is the diameter of a circle where the rollers 11 on all the arc-shaped plates 9 are located at the radially outward farthest points along the arc-shaped plates 9 in a natural state; in the second position, the outer contour of the curved plate 9 has a second diameter; wherein the first diameter is larger than the bore diameter of the bore hole and the second diameter is smaller than the bore diameter of the bore hole.
In an optional embodiment, the roller 11 is installed in an installation groove on the outer peripheral surface of the arc plate 9 through a rotating shaft, a one-way damping device 10 is further arranged in the installation groove, the one-way damping device 10 is used for controlling the roller 11 to rotate in a one-way direction, the roller 11 can only rotate in a one-way direction under the action of the one-way damping device 10, and the one-way direction means clockwise or counterclockwise. Illustratively, the one-way damping device comprises a one-way bearing, and the roller 11 is arranged on the rotating shaft through the one-way bearing. For example, the roller 11 can only rotate in a single direction during the process of being installed in a drill hole by arranging the one-way bearing, so that the roller 11 can be easily plugged into the drill hole and cannot slide outside the drill hole after reaching the specified position, namely, the roller 11 can only extend into the drill hole and roll along the wall of the drill hole, when the sensor assembly reaches the specified position, the one-way bearing 10 can prevent the roller 11 from continuously rolling outside the drill hole to cause the inaccurate monitoring position, and the monitoring device cannot move outside the drill hole under the combined action of the one-way bearing 10 and the extrusion force applied by the deformation of the hole wall, so that the accuracy of the monitoring position is ensured.
To further prevent movement of the operating rod 16 from moving the sensor assembly within the borehole, the operating end of the operating rod 16 outside the borehole is fixed. That is, the partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device of the embodiment further comprises a fixing mechanism for fixing the operation end of the operation rod 16 at the hole opening of the drill hole. If only one point is monitored, the operating rod 16 is a long rod, and the operating end of the operating rod 16 is fixed to the hole of the drilled hole by using a fixing mechanism; if a plurality of operating rods 16 connect a plurality of sensor assemblies in series to monitor a plurality of monitoring points within the borehole, the operating end of the outermost one of the operating rods 16 is secured to the bore of the borehole using a securing mechanism. Specifically, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing barrel, a telescopic rod and a fixing plate, wherein an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of the fixing barrel, an outer thread is arranged at the operating end of the operating rod 16 outside a drill hole, and the operating end of the operating rod 16 is in threaded connection with the fixing barrel; the telescopic rods are distributed along the radial direction of the fixed cylinder; the first end of telescopic link and the periphery wall fixed connection of a fixed cylinder, the second end of telescopic link sets up the fixed plate, and the lateral surface of fixed plate sets up the rubber layer, and the rubber layer has the arcwall face, the radian of arcwall face and the radian looks adaptation of drilling pore wall. After the sensor assembly reaches the designated position, in order to prevent the sensor assembly from moving along with the roller of the arc-shaped plate 9, the operating end of the operating rod 16 is fixed at the orifice of the drilled hole by using the fixing mechanism, specifically, the telescopic rod is shortened, the diameter of the circumference where the rubber layer of the fixing plate is located is smaller than the diameter of the orifice of the drilled hole, the thread sleeve of the fixing cylinder is sleeved at the operating end of the operating rod to move towards the orifice, after the sensor assembly enters the orifice of the drilled hole, the telescopic rod is extended, the fixing plate is abutted against and extrudes the hole wall of the drilled hole, and the fixing of the operating rod 16 is realized. When the sensor assembly needs to be recovered, the fixing mechanism of the drill hole opening is firstly dismantled, namely the telescopic pipe is shortened, the fixing pipe is unscrewed, the operating rod is pulled, and the sensor assembly is taken out of the drill hole.
The embodiment also provides a method for monitoring the pressure relief effect of the coal rock mass, which is used for monitoring the multipoint deformation in the drill hole by using the device for monitoring the pressure relief effect of the partially recovered coal rock mass.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic layout diagram of multipoint monitoring in a borehole by using a partially-recycled coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device (monitoring device 17 for short), wherein an advanced pressure relief borehole 18 is constructed in a coal and rock mass 15 on a working surface with impact risk, and an optical fiber grating demodulator 12 is arranged in a roadway 13.
The method for monitoring the pressure relief effect of the coal rock mass comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the positions of a plurality of monitoring points in the drill hole according to monitoring requirements, selecting a plurality of operating rods 16 with corresponding lengths according to the distance between two adjacent monitoring points, and selecting sensor assemblies, arc-shaped plates 9 and connecting rod assemblies which are the same in number as the monitoring points;
step two: the sensor components are assembled and connected with the arc-shaped plate 9 by using a connecting rod component, and a plurality of groups of sensor components are connected in series by using an operating rod 16; the sensor assembly after series connection is arranged at a specified position in the drill hole through the operating rod 16, and the operating end of the operating rod 16 is fixed at the hole opening of the drill hole by using a fixing mechanism;
step three: starting the fiber grating demodulator 12 to start testing; specifically, the fiber optic cable 14 extends out of the bore hole from the hollow lever 16, connecting the fiber optic cable 14 with the fiber grating demodulator 12; and opening the fiber grating demodulator 12, testing the connectivity of the optical cable 14, and if the connectivity is good, proving that the installation is successful. When the inner wall of the drill hole is deformed, the sensor 1 can monitor a hole wall deformation signal, then the deformation signal is transmitted to the fiber grating demodulator 12 through an optical cable, and finally transmitted to a background computer, and workers can judge the deformation condition in the hole.
Step four: after the test is finished, the fixing mechanism is firstly detached, the operating rod 16 is pulled, and the operating end of the operating rod 16 is pulled to separate the sensor assemblies from the arc-shaped plate 9 until all the sensor assemblies are moved out of the drilled hole for recovery.
Step five: and judging the pressure relief effect of the coal rock mass according to the deformation monitoring result of the advanced pressure relief drill hole 18.
In the first step, the distances between two adjacent monitoring points are different, the distances between the two adjacent monitoring points are sequentially increased from the hole bottom of the drilled hole to the hole opening, and correspondingly, the lengths of the operating rods 16 are sequentially increased from the hole bottom of the drilled hole to the hole opening. The monitoring density of the inner part of the drilled hole is increased, the accurate mastering of rock burst data of the inner part of a deeper rock stratum is facilitated, the existing monitoring device cannot realize simultaneous monitoring of multiple points of the same drilled hole at all, and the monitoring result cannot comprehensively reflect the deformation condition of the drilled hole of the rock body.
In the second step, the sensors of the sensor assemblies are numbered in the clockwise direction, if each sensor assembly comprises 4 sensors, the sensors can be numbered as sensor a, sensor b, sensor c and sensor d in sequence, the sensors 1 are respectively connected by using four optical fibers in the optical cable 14, and the optical cable 14 passes through the hollow metal operating rod 16; the first transmission rod 5 penetrates through the compression spring 4, the subspace of the protection barrel 3 is inserted into the through hole of the protection barrel 3, the arc-shaped plate 9 with a proper size is selected according to the hole diameter of the drilled hole, and the arc-shaped plate 9 is connected with the first transmission rod 5 through the connecting rod assembly. The protection cylinders 3 of the multiple groups of sensor assemblies are connected in series according to the designed monitoring depth by utilizing the operating rods 16, and in order to ensure that the sensors connected in series by the optical fibers are in the same serial number and the positions of the sensors in the same serial number relative to the hole wall are consistent, the sensors in the same serial number are determined to be positioned on the same straight line through the number of turns of screwing the operating rods 16 and the protection cylinders 3; the arc-shaped plate 9 is radially compressed, the sensor assemblies connected in series and the compressed arc-shaped plate 9 are placed in a drill hole through the operating end of the operating rod, and in the installation process of the sensor assemblies connected in series and the arc-shaped plate 9 in the drill hole, the roller 11 of the arc-shaped plate 9 rolls inwards along the wall of the drill hole until the specified monitoring depth position is reached. Because set up one-way bearing and make gyro wheel 11 can only unidirectional rotation in the drilling process of packing into, not only fill in the drilling more easily and can not slide to the drilling outside after arriving the assigned position, gyro wheel 11 can only stretch into the drilling in-process again and roll along the drilling wall promptly, after sensor assembly reachd the assigned position, one-way bearing 10 can prevent that gyro wheel 11 from continuing to roll to the drilling deep and lead to the monitoring position inaccurate to make monitoring devices can not remove to the drilling outside under the squeezing force combined action that one-way bearing 10 and pore wall warp and exert, guarantee the accuracy of monitoring position.
In the fourth step, after the monitoring is finished, the fixing mechanism is detached, the operating end of the operating rod 16 positioned at the hole opening of the drilling hole is pulled by force, and the sensor 1 with higher recycling value is obtained. In the process of pulling the operating rod 16, the arc-shaped plate 9 cannot move towards the outside of the drill hole due to the unidirectional bearing and the deformed hole wall, the first conducting rod 5 is separated from the second conducting rod 8 under the pulling of the operating rod 16, the separated first conducting rod 5 is ejected out by the compression spring 4, meanwhile, the compression spring 4 is also separated from the protection barrel 3, the cicada slough shelling of the sensor assembly is realized, and the FBG sensor with higher final recovery value is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the partial recovery type coal rock body pressure relief effect monitoring devices and methods that this embodiment provided, sensor module passes through the connecting rod subassembly and is connected with the arc, the separable design of connecting rod subassembly, can be after accomplishing the monitoring, make the connecting rod subassembly disconnection through the pulling action bars, realize the separation of monitoring subassembly and arc, the arc is stayed in the drilling under the drilling wall extrusion, realize sensor module's "cicada unshelling", and core and noble sensor module then are taken out by the action bars, thereby realize sensor module's recovery and reuse. The sensor assembly comprises a plurality of sensors, single-point multidirectional deformation monitoring in the drill hole can be realized, and the FBG sensors are connected in series by using optical fibers, so that multipoint deformation monitoring of the whole drill hole can be realized; the method for monitoring the pressure relief effect of the coal rock mass is convenient to operate, can realize single-point multidirectional deformation monitoring in the drill hole, can also realize multipoint deformation monitoring of the whole drill hole, and can comprehensively know deformation conditions at positions of different depths of the drill hole; can retrieve core component sensor subassembly after the monitoring is accomplished, even when the pressure relief drilling degree of deformation is great, also can realize the recovery of sensor and recycle, show reduce cost.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application are described in further detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a partial recovery formula coal petrography body release effect monitoring devices which characterized in that includes:
the sensor assembly is provided with a protection barrel (3) and sensors (1), a plurality of subspaces are arranged in the protection barrel (3), the subspaces are symmetrically arranged around the axis of the protection barrel (3), and one sensor (1) is arranged in each subspace; the wall of the protection barrel (3) is provided with a through hole communicated with the subspace;
the first end of the connecting rod assembly penetrates through the through hole to enter the subspace, and can move towards the sensor (1) under the action of external force and be in pressing contact with the sensor (1);
the number of the arc plates (9) is the same as that of the sensors (1), and the arc plates (9) are detachably connected with the sensor assembly through the connecting rod assembly; the inner concave wall of the arc-shaped plate (9) is connected with the second end of the connecting rod component;
an operating rod (16), wherein the operating rod (16) is connected with the protective cylinder (3), the sensor assembly is installed in a specified position in an advanced pressure relief drill hole (18) through the operating rod (16), and the sensor assembly is separated from the arc-shaped plate (9) through pulling the operating rod (16), so that the sensor assembly is recovered.
2. The partial recovery coal rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the connecting rod assembly has a first conductive rod (5) and a second conductive rod (8) which are separable, and a first end of the first conductive rod (5) passes through the through hole into the subspace; a first rotating joint (6) is arranged at the second end of the first transmission rod (5), a compression spring (4) is arranged on the first transmission rod (5), and two ends of the compression spring (4) are respectively abutted against the first rotating joint (6) and the outer wall of the protection cylinder (3); a first end of the second conducting rod (8) is provided with a second adapter (7), and a second end of the second conducting rod (8) is connected with the inner concave wall of the arc-shaped plate (9);
the first adapter (6) and the second adapter (7) are detachably connected, and the first adapter (6) and the second adapter (7) can be disconnected under the pulling of the operating rod (16).
3. The device for monitoring the pressure relief effect of partially recycled coal and rock mass as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first adapter (6) has a protrusion with a convex arc-shaped surface, and the second adapter (7) has a groove plugged with the protrusion, and the groove wall has a concave arc-shaped surface.
4. The device for monitoring the pressure relief effect of the partially recycled coal and rock mass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the operating rod (16) is a hollow tube, and an optical cable (14) connected with the sensor (1) is led out of the advanced pressure relief drill hole (18) from the hollow tube and is connected with the fiber grating demodulator (12);
the operating rod (16) is detachably connected with the axial side end of the protective cylinder (3).
5. The partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein the axial two side ends of the protection cylinder (3) are provided with first connecting parts,
the two ends of the operating rod (16) are respectively provided with a second connecting part which is detachably connected with the first connecting part;
a plurality of the sensor assemblies are connected in series with a plurality of the operating rods (16).
6. The device of claim 5, wherein one of the first and second connection portions is externally threaded and the other is internally threaded.
7. The device for monitoring the pressure relief effect of partially recycled coal and rock masses according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of partition plates are radially arranged in the protection cylinder (3), and the partition plates divide the inner space of the protection cylinder (3) into a plurality of symmetrical subspaces.
8. The partial recovery type coal and rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein the second conducting rod (8) is connected with a central point of an inner concave wall of the arc-shaped plate (9), and the second conducting rod (8) is arranged along a radial direction of the arc-shaped plate (9);
the center department of the evagination arcwall face of arc (9) is equipped with the mounting groove, is equipped with gyro wheel (11) through the pivot in the mounting groove, at least partly protrusion that the radial is global of gyro wheel (11) the evagination arcwall face of arc (9), just the axis of pivot with the axis of second conduction pole (8) is crossing perpendicularly.
9. The device for monitoring the pressure relief effect of the partially recycled coal and rock mass as claimed in claim 8, wherein the roller (11) is arranged on the rotating shaft through a one-way bearing.
10. A method for monitoring the pressure relief effect of a coal-rock mass, which is characterized by using the partially recycled coal-rock mass pressure relief effect monitoring device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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