CN114645697B - Magnetic nano-liquid displacement device based on three-dimensional rotating magnetic field - Google Patents
Magnetic nano-liquid displacement device based on three-dimensional rotating magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN114645697B CN114645697B CN202210255563.XA CN202210255563A CN114645697B CN 114645697 B CN114645697 B CN 114645697B CN 202210255563 A CN202210255563 A CN 202210255563A CN 114645697 B CN114645697 B CN 114645697B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002122 magnetic nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011553 magnetic fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005653 Brownian motion process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005537 brownian motion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnetic nano-liquid displacement device based on a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field, which comprises a liquid containing cylinder, a water storage middle container, an oil storage middle container, a nano-magnetic liquid storage middle container, an experimental rock core, a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator, a produced liquid magnetic separation tank, a magnetic nano-liquid meter, an oil-water meter and a computer, wherein the liquid containing cylinder, a advection pump, a container group and a vacuum plunger pump are sequentially connected through a conduit, the vacuum plunger pump is connected with an injection end of the experimental rock core, an outflow end of the experimental rock core is connected with a produced liquid magnetic separation tank, and the produced liquid magnetic separation tank is respectively connected with the magnetic nano-liquid meter and the oil-water meter; the experimental rock core is arranged in the rock core holder, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is arranged around the rock core holder, and the direction of the magnetic field is changed by adjusting the phase angle of an input signal of the rotating magnetic field through the computer, so that the displacement effect in any direction is achieved. The invention realizes the omnibearing displacement of the magnetic nano-liquid in a complex environment of a porous medium.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to a technology for improving recovery ratio in the field of petroleum engineering, in particular to a magnetic nano-liquid displacement device based on a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field.
The background technology is as follows:
more than 93% of the oil fields in our country are developed by water flooding, and the water recovery ratio can only reach about 40%. Moreover, a large amount of water is injected for a long time, so that the main old oil fields in China generally enter a high water content stage, and other methods for improving the recovery ratio are required to be matched.
Many oil fields in China are in a high water-bearing period stage, and the generated effect is not ideal by adopting common chemical flooding.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a magnetic nano-fluid displacement device based on a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field, which can realize that the magnetic nano-fluid can omnidirectionally displace crude oil in a rock core in a complex environment in a porous medium.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the magnetic nano-liquid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field comprises a liquid containing cylinder, a water storage middle container, an oil storage middle container, a nano-magnetic liquid storage middle container and a advection pump, wherein the vacuum plunger pump, a core holder, an experimental core, a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator, a produced liquid magnetic separation tank, a magnetic nano-liquid meter, an oil-water meter and a computer, wherein the water storage middle container, the oil storage middle container and the nano-magnetic liquid storage middle container which are connected in parallel form a container group, the liquid containing cylinder, the advection pump, the container group and the vacuum plunger pump are sequentially connected through a conduit, the vacuum plunger pump is connected with an injection end of the experimental core, an outflow end of the experimental core is connected with the produced liquid magnetic separation tank, and the produced liquid magnetic separation tank is respectively connected with the magnetic nano-liquid meter and the oil-water meter; the experimental rock core is arranged in the rock core holder, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is arranged around the rock core holder and consists of a three-phase sinusoidal alternating current power supply and three groups of Helmholtz coils, the three groups of Helmholtz coils are three-axis coils which are orthogonally nested in space, the respective combined inductive reactance of the three groups of Helmholtz coils when driven by the same harmonic current is equal to the amplitude of the magnetic induction intensity of the harmonic magnetic field generated by the three groups of Helmholtz coils, the magnetic field after the three-axis magnetic field component superposition is a uniform spatial rotating magnetic field, the magnetic field intensity is high in the periphery and low in the middle, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is connected with a computer, the input signal of current is controlled, the parameter of the magnetic field is monitored in real time, and the direction of the magnetic field is changed by adjusting the phase angle of the input signal of the rotating magnetic field through the computer, so that the displacement effect of any direction is achieved; the injection end of the experimental rock core is provided with an injection end pressure valve and an injection end pressure gauge, the outflow end of the experimental rock core is provided with an outflow end pressure valve and an outflow end pressure gauge, and the inflow end pressure gauge, the outflow end pressure gauge, the magnetic nano liquid meter and the oil-water meter are all connected with a computer system to form a signal detection system, and the signal detection system is used for observing and researching a magnetic nano liquid seepage mechanism.
In the scheme, the produced liquid magnetic separation tank screens the produced liquid by adopting a magnetic separation method, the magnetic nano liquid contains magnetic nano particles, a stable dispersion system is formed with the surfactant and the base carrier liquid, the produced liquid is screened by utilizing magnetic field force under the action of a magnetic field, and when the magnetic field force is larger than the viscosity force between the magnetic nano liquid and oil water, the magnetic nano liquid and the oil water are separated.
In the scheme, the water control valve is arranged at the outlet of the water storage middle container, the oil control valve is arranged at the outlet of the oil storage middle container, the electromagnetic valve is arranged at the outlet of the nano magnetic liquid storage middle container, and the annular pressure valve is arranged on the core holder.
The magnetic nano-liquid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field in the scheme further comprises a constant temperature device, and the liquid containing cylinder, the water storage middle container, the oil storage middle container, the nano-magnetic liquid storage middle container and the advection pump are all arranged in the constant temperature device.
The experimental method of the magnetic nano-fluid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field in the scheme comprises the following steps:
step one: vacuumizing; opening the incubator, setting the temperature required by the test, preheating equipment, exhausting air in the guide pipe and the core holder completely, and then closing all valves;
step two: core saturated oil; firstly, opening an open-loop pressure valve, simulating formation pressure, performing loop pressure on a core holder, setting pressure required by experiments, firstly opening an oil control valve, then opening a advection pump, injecting oil into a core, closing the advection pump after the core is fully saturated, closing the oil control valve, and keeping the injection end pressure valve and the output end pressure valve in a closed state all the time; then aging the crude oil in a constant temperature box according to the set time;
step three: the magnetic nano liquid drives oil under the action of a rotating magnetic field; firstly, a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is turned on, an input signal of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is controlled to set the magnetic induction intensity and direction of a magnetic field, the input signal is regulated by a computer and transmitted to the magnetic field generator, and the magnetic field changes along with the input signal; opening a advection pump, an injection end pressure valve and an outflow end pressure valve of an electromagnetic valve, starting displacement, enabling produced liquid at the outflow end to flow into a produced liquid magnetic separation tank, separating magnetic nano liquid and oil under the action of a magnetic field in the produced liquid magnetic separation tank, then injecting the magnetic nano liquid and the oil into an oil-water meter and a nano magnetic liquid meter respectively, closing the advection pump, the electromagnetic valve and the pressure valve when the produced liquid at the outflow end of an experimental rock core does not contain oil, and ending the experiment;
step four: adjusting parameters of the rotating magnetic field; the vector of the rotation axis is (cos alpha, cos beta, cos gamma), the direction of the rotation magnetic field is changed, namely the rotation axial direction of the rotation magnetic field is changed, the rotation axis is realized by changing the azimuth angles alpha, beta and gamma of the input current, and when the reverse magnetic field is added, the vector of the rotation axis is (-cos alpha, -cos beta, -cos gamma); changing the frequency w of the input current signal, controlling the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field, and changing the amplitude I of the input current signal 0 Changing the magnitude of the rotating magnetic field;
step six: performing displacement experiments under different parameters; the direction, amplitude, frequency and azimuth angle of an input current signal are adjusted through a computer to change the magnetic field, the experimental cores with the same size are replaced, and the steps two to three are repeated to complete the displacement experiment under different parameters;
step seven, displacing with water; replacing the rock cores with the same size, performing an analogy experiment, replacing the nano magnetic liquid with water under the condition of keeping other conditions unchanged, and repeating the second to third steps;
step eight: collecting and analyzing the data; the computer collects parameters of the pressure meter at the inflow end and the pressure meter at the outflow end, the flow and the pressure are in direct proportion under the condition of unchanged fluid viscosity according to Darcy's law, and the seepage resistance and the viscosity change of the nano magnetic liquid in the porous medium are analyzed according to the number of the pressure meter; the displacement recovery ratio of the nano magnetic liquid is obtained through an oil-water meter; real-time parameters of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field are collected in real time through a computer, and the influence of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field on the displacement effect is researched.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can establish three-dimensional rotating magnetic fields with different magnetic field intensities, simulate magnetic fields with different sizes and directions by adjusting signal waves of the magnetic field generator, realize displacement of magnetic fields with forward and reverse directions and any directions in space, and the establishment of the magnetic field is not limited to the method, and the rotating magnetic field aims at simulating the environment that oil reservoirs in stratum are in complex magnetic fields.
2. According to the invention, the magnetic nano liquid can directionally move in the porous medium under the action of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field to reach any position in the porous medium.
3. Under the condition of constant displacement speed, the magnetic nano liquid can be contacted with oil drops in all directions in the porous medium, so that the contact opportunity of the magnetic nano liquid and the oil drops is increased, and the recovery ratio is improved.
4. The oil yield and the water yield are automatically measured to obtain the recovery ratio; the recycling of the magnetic nano liquid is realized by recycling the nano magnetic nano liquid.
5. According to the invention, crude oil in the rock core is displaced under the action of a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field by utilizing the magnetic nano liquid, the rotating magnetic field with an adjustable rotating axis can be generated by controlling current signals of relative amplitude and phase among the Helmholtz coil groups, the omnibearing displacement of the magnetic nano liquid in a complex environment in a porous medium is realized, the flowing direction of the magnetic nano liquid is controlled by controlling the direction of the rotating magnetic field, and the nano particles can intelligently adsorb oil drops and directionally move.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a displacement experiment device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-axis orthogonally nested Helmholtz coil;
FIG. 3 is a magnetic vector diagram of a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field;
FIG. 4 is a plot of the magnitude of the magnetic induction of the XOZ plane of the rotating magnetic field;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the stress of the magnetic nano-liquid infinitesimal in the vertical direction.
In the figure, a liquid containing cylinder 1-, a horizontal pump 2-, a water storage middle container 3-, an oil storage middle container 4-, a magnetic nano liquid storage middle container 5-, a water control valve 6-, an oil control valve 7-, an electromagnetic valve 8-, a vacuum plunger pump 9-, a pressure valve 10-at the injection end, a pressure gauge 11-at the injection end, a core holder 12-at the core holder 13-at the experiment, a magnetic field generator 14-three-dimensional rotation, a pressure valve 15-at the ring, a pressure gauge 16-at the outflow end, a pressure valve 17-at the outflow end, a magnetic separation tank 18-at the extraction end, a magnetic nano liquid meter 19-oil-water meter 20-at the magnetic nano liquid meter 21-at the computer.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the magnetic nano-liquid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field comprises a liquid containing cylinder 1, a water storage intermediate container 3, an oil storage intermediate container 4, a nano-magnetic liquid storage intermediate container 5, a advection pump 2, a vacuum plunger pump 9, a core holder 12, an experimental core 13, a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator 14, a produced liquid magnetic separation tank 18, a magnetic nano-liquid meter 20, an oil-water meter 19 and a computer 21, wherein the water storage intermediate container 3, the oil storage intermediate container 4 and the nano-magnetic liquid storage intermediate container 5 which are connected in parallel form a container group, the liquid containing cylinder 1, the advection pump 2, the container group and the vacuum plunger pump 9 are sequentially connected through pipes, the vacuum plunger pump 9 is connected with an injection end of the experimental core 13, an outflow end of the experimental core 13 is connected with the produced liquid magnetic separation tank 18, and the produced liquid magnetic separation tank 18 is respectively connected with the magnetic nano-liquid meter 20 and the oil-water meter 19; the experimental rock core 13 is arranged in the rock core holder 12, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator 14 is arranged around the rock core holder 12, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator 14 consists of a three-phase sinusoidal alternating current power supply and three groups of Helmholtz coils, the three groups of Helmholtz coils are three-axis coils which are orthogonally nested in space, the respective combined inductive reactance of the three groups of Helmholtz coils is equal to the amplitude of the magnetic induction intensity of the harmonic magnetic field generated by the three groups of Helmholtz coils when the same harmonic current is driven, the magnetic field after the three-axis magnetic field components are overlapped is a uniform spatial rotating magnetic field, the magnetic field intensity is high in all sides and low in the middle, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator 14 is connected with the computer 21, the input signal of current is controlled, the parameter of the magnetic field is monitored in real time, and the direction of the magnetic field is changed through the phase angle of the input signal of the computer adjusted rotating magnetic field, so that the displacement effect in any direction is achieved; the injection end of the experimental rock core 13 is provided with an injection end pressure valve 10 and an injection end pressure gauge 11, the outflow end of the experimental rock core 13 is provided with an outflow end pressure valve 17 and an outflow end pressure gauge 16, and the injection end pressure gauge 11, the outflow end pressure gauge 16, the magnetic nano liquid gauge 20 and the oil-water gauge 19 are all connected with a computer 21 to form a signal detection system, and the signal detection system is used for observing and researching a magnetic nano liquid seepage mechanism.
The liquid containing cylinder 1, the advection pump 2, the water storage intermediate container 3, the oil storage intermediate container 4, the magnetic nano liquid storage intermediate container 5 and the core holder 12 form an oil displacement generation system; the pressure gauge, the oil-water gauge 19, the magnetic nano-liquid gauge 20 and the computer 21 form a signal detection system for observing and researching the seepage mechanism of the magnetic nano-liquid; the magnetic field generator consists of a Helmholtz coil and a three-phase sinusoidal alternating current power supply and generates a rotating magnetic field; the produced liquid magnetic separation tank 18, the magnetic nano-liquid meter 20 and the oil-water meter 19 form a storage metering recovery system, the produced liquid is filtered and separated, and then oil is respectively metered and produced, and water and the magnetic nano-liquid are produced.
The produced liquid magnetic separating tank adopts a magnetic separation method to separate the mixture of the nano magnetic liquid and the oil. The mixture is screened by utilizing magnetic field force under the action of magnetic field, the magnetic nano liquid contains rich magnetic nano particles, and forms a stable dispersion system with the surfactant and the base carrier liquid, and as the surfactant in the nano liquid has lipophilic groups, the viscosity force between the magnetic nano liquid and oil water needs to be overcome during separation, namely, when the magnetic field force is larger than the viscosity force, the two liquids can be separated.
The three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator 14 is connected with the computer 21, and the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator 14 is a magnetic field superposition device of three-axis orthogonal nested Helmholtz coils, which is formed by nesting three groups of Helmholtz coils with mutually orthogonal axes, as shown in fig. 2; the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is formed by mutually superposing three groups of orthogonal Helmholtz coils, and the coils are fed with sine signal currents with the same frequency of the amplitude and the phase related to the azimuth angle, so that a superposed magnetic field in any direction in space can be formed, as shown in figure 3; three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generators 14 are disposed around the core holder 12, as shown in fig. 1; triaxial helmholtzThe intensity of the current flowing into the coil is I 0 The three-dimensional rotating magnetic field can be formed by the sine three-phase alternating current power supply, the magnetic field intensity is high in all sides and low in the middle, and the magnetic induction intensity distribution of the rotating magnetic field is shown in figure 4. The input current signal can be adjusted through a computer, the current signal changes, namely the magnetic field changes, and the nano magnetic particles in the nano magnetic liquid move along the direction of the magnetic induction line through the direction adjustment of the axis of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field, so that the magnetic nano liquid is intelligently driven to drive oil displacement.
When a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field is externally applied, the magnetic nano-liquid is subjected to the action of the magnetic field, and the dynamics analysis is carried out in the porous medium under the action of the magnetic field. The magnetic nano-liquid is relatively complex in force applied in the gap, and the fluid is generally applied with 2 forces, namely a mass force and a surface force. The mass force is generated by the fact that the fluid is not in direct contact with other objects, and the magnetic nano liquid is subjected to magnetic field force and gravity; the second is the surface force, which is the pressure and viscosity. Assuming that a part of magnetic nano liquid is simplified into a infinitesimal model, the stress in the vertical direction is shown in fig. 5, the force in the vertical direction is equal to the force in the gravity direction, and the force in the combined direction is f, and the force in the combined direction is p. The resultant force of the mass force and the surface force is F, according to newton's second law, f=ma, an acceleration a is generated in the vertical direction, and the moving direction is along the resultant force direction F and the included angle between the moving direction and the horizontal direction is θ, so that the magnetic nano liquid rotates along the resultant force direction with the acceleration a.
The nano magnetic fluid contains a large number of nano solid-phase magnetic particles, when an external magnetic field exists, the flow of the magnetic nano fluid can be influenced, the movement route of the magnetic nano fluid can be controlled, the problem of low wave coverage caused by heterogeneity can be solved, and the purpose of improving the recovery ratio can be achieved. The magnetic particles are influenced by attraction and repulsion between molecules, thermal motion and Brownian motion, and under the condition that no external magnetic field exists, the magnetic particles are randomly distributed in the carrier liquid, and the system can correspondingly maintain a stable state. When the magnetic particles are in an externally applied magnetic field, the magnetic particles are magnetized and move along the magnetic induction line under the action of the magnetic field and overcome the constraint. The movement of the magnetic nano liquid in the porous medium is complex when no magnetic field is externally applied, the inner wall of the porous medium has complex structure, is bent and rugged, and has narrow space, but the movement of the magnetic nano liquid can be controlled by externally applying a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field through changing the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field, so that the magnetic nano liquid can reach the complex position of the porous medium in all directions, and the multi-directional positioning displacement effect can be achieved.
The magnetic nano-liquid is a colloid dispersion system composed of magnetic nano-particles, a surfactant and a base carrier liquid, and has the magnetism of solid and the fluidity of liquid, the magnetic nano-liquid is acted by force in a magnetic field, and is essentially acted by force of the magnetic nano-particles in a rotating magnetic field, because each nano-particle forms a magnetic dipole to perform self-rotation, the magnetic field intensity at a central point in a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field is lower than that of peripheral points, the formed magnetic field gradient enables the magnetic dipole to move towards the central point, the nano-particles (magnetic dipoles) can move along the direction of magnetic field change, the paths of the magnetic dipole are spiral, when the magnetic dipole moves to the inner wall of a pore, the magnetic nano-particles possibly collide and reflect to change the direction, the spin speed is possibly slow or even stop, and when the direction of the rotating magnetic field changes, the nano-particles (magnetic dipoles) leave the inner wall to restore the spin speed and move towards the center of a new magnetic field, so that the movement track of each nano-particle (magnetic dipole) is influenced by different magnetic field rotation directions.
The rotating magnetic field generating device adopts a three-axis Helmholtz coil, the three-axis Helmholtz coil can form a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field, the three-axis Helmholtz coil is fed with three-phase sine harmonic alternating currents with the same current intensity, the Helmholtz coil also adopts a three-axis orthogonal nesting mode, corresponding currents are respectively and independently applied to the three axes of the Helmholtz coil, a uniform superimposed magnetic field can be formed spatially and is shown as a spatial rotating magnetic field vector schematic diagram, a unit vector b is found in a plane xoy, a unit vector a is found in a plane noz, the unit vectors are respectively perpendicular to n, the unit vectors a and b are mutually perpendicular, and the directional cosine of the unit vectors a and b can be respectively expressed as
(-ctgγ·cosα,-ctgγ·cos beta, sin gamma), the projection vectors of the vector a and the vector b on the three axes of x, y and z in the three-axis Helmholtz coil are respectively overlapped, and the sum vectors on the three axes are respectively obtained as follows:
the three vectors in the above formula are magnetic induction intensity vectors of magnetic fields generated by each group of Helmholtz coils on three axes of x, y and z on the respective axes, and according to the Pioshal law, the field intensity of the magnetic fields is in direct proportion to the current, and the relation between the magnetic induction intensity and the current is as follows: b=ki, where K is a constant related to each structural parameter of the coil, so that the rotating magnetic field with the straight line where the vector n is located as the axis can be generated by loading the triaxial coil with the following currents:
the above is transformed to obtain:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
alpha, beta, gamma are the angles between the vectors n and x, y, z, i.e. the direction angles, the axis direction of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field is the vector (cos alpha, cos beta, cos gamma), I 0 For loading the amplitude of the current, the right-hand rule is satisfied between the positive direction of the current in each group of coils and the corresponding coordinate axis, ω is the angular velocity of the applied sinusoidal current, i.e. the angular velocity of the superimposed rotating magnetic field, the frequency of the applied sinusoidal signal current is +.>
The simulation experiment of the invention needs to be carried out in the incubator, and the incubator is set to the test temperature for displacement before the experiment starts. The guide pipe is well connected as shown in fig. 1, one end of the horizontal pump 2 is connected with the liquid containing cylinder 1, the other end of the horizontal pump 2 is connected with the water storage middle container 3, the oil storage and magnetic nano liquid storage middle container 5, the experimental core 13 is pumped into the core holder through the horizontal pump 2, the core holder 12 and the experimental core 13 are in the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field, the produced liquid magnetic separation tank 18 is connected with the oil-water meter 19 and the magnetic nano liquid meter 20, and the injection end pressure meter 11, the magnetic field generator, the outflow end pressure meter 16, the oil-water meter 19 and the magnetic nano liquid meter 20 are connected with the computer 21 so as to acquire data in the displacement process in real time.
The experimental method of the magnetic nano-fluid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field comprises the following steps:
step one: and (5) vacuumizing. The incubator is opened, the temperature required by the test is set until the equipment is preheated, then the air in the device is exhausted by a vacuum pump, the water control valve 6, the oil control valve 7, the electromagnetic valve 8, the annular pressure valve 15, the injection end pressure valve 10 and the outflow end pressure valve 17 are closed, the vacuum pump is opened to exhaust the air in the guide pipe and the core holder, and then all the valves are closed.
Step two: core saturated oil. Firstly, an open-loop pressure valve 15 is opened, formation pressure is simulated, the rock core holder is subjected to ring pressure, the pressure required by experiments is set, one end of a advection pump 2 is inserted into a liquid containing cylinder 1, the other end of the advection pump 2 is connected with an intermediate container, an oil control valve 7 is firstly opened, then the advection pump 2 is opened to fill oil into the rock core, after the rock core is fully saturated, the advection pump 2 is closed, the oil control valve 7 is closed, and an injection end pressure valve 10 and an outflow end pressure valve 17 are always in a closed state. The crude oil is then aged in an incubator for a set period of time.
Step three: and a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field Helmholtz coil is installed. The method comprises the steps of designing a space magnetic field surrounded by a Helmholtz coil group with three axes which are in orthogonal nesting, firstly completing the design of the Helmholtz coil group with the axial direction being the x axis, then completing the design of the Helmholtz coil group with the axial direction being the y axis, finally completing the design of the Helmholtz coil group with the axial direction being the z axis, connecting the three-axis orthogonal coils with a three-phase sinusoidal alternating current power supply, and simultaneously enabling the respective combined inductances of the three Helmholtz coils in the same harmonic current driving to be equal to the amplitudes of the magnetic induction intensities of the harmonic magnetic fields generated by the three Helmholtz coils, ensuring that the magnetic field after the superposition of three-axis magnetic field components is a uniform space rotating magnetic field and being nested and installed according to the sizes of the three Helmholtz coil groups from large to small.
Step four: and (3) driving the oil by using the magnetic nano liquid under the action of a rotating magnetic field. Firstly, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator 14 is turned on, the input signal of the magnetic field generator is controlled to set the magnetic induction intensity and direction of the magnetic field, the input signal is regulated by a computer and transmitted to the magnetic field generator, and the magnetic field changes along with the input signal. The advection pump 2, the electromagnetic valve 8 and the pressure valve are opened, the flow speed of the advection pump in the experiment is set to start displacement, the produced liquid at the outflow end flows into the magnetic produced liquid separating tank firstly, the magnetic nano liquid and the oil are separated under the action of a magnetic field in the magnetic produced liquid separating tank, then the magnetic nano liquid and the oil are respectively injected into the oil-water meter and the nano magnetic liquid meter, the advection pump is closed when the produced liquid at the outflow end does not contain oil, and the electromagnetic valve and the pressure valve are closed, so that the experiment is ended.
Step five: and adjusting parameters of the rotating magnetic field. The vector of the rotation axis is (cos alpha, cos beta, cos gamma), the direction of the rotation magnetic field is changed, namely the rotation axial direction of the rotation magnetic field is changed, the rotation axial direction of the rotation magnetic field can be changed by changing the azimuth angles alpha, beta and gamma of the input current, and when the reverse magnetic field is added, the vector of the rotation axis is (-cos alpha, -cos beta, -cos gamma); changing the frequency w of the input current signal, controlling the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field, and similarly changing the amplitude I of the input current signal 0 The magnitude of the rotating magnetic field is changed.
Step six: displacement experiments were performed under different parameters. The direction, amplitude, frequency and azimuth angle of the input current signal are adjusted by a computer to change the magnetic field. Changing the experimental rock cores with the same size, firstly saturating oil, then aging the oil, opening the advection pump 2, the electromagnetic valve 8, the pressure valve and the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator 14 to start displacement under the condition that other conditions are unchanged in the experimental step II, setting different three-dimensional rotating magnetic field parameters for the step IV to perform displacement, closing a power supply when the produced liquid at the outflow end does not contain saturated oil, closing the advection pump 2, the electromagnetic valve 8 and the pressure valve, and ending the experiment.
And seventhly, displacing by using water. And replacing the rock cores with the same size, performing an analogy experiment, and changing the displacement of the nano magnetic fluid into water displacement under the condition of keeping other conditions unchanged. Repeating the second step. And then firstly, opening the advection pump 2, the water control valve 6 and the pressure valve to start displacement, and closing the advection pump 2, the water control valve 6 and the pressure valve when the produced liquid does not contain oil, so as to end the test.
Step eight: the data is collected and analyzed. The computer 21 collects parameters of a pressure gauge at the inflow end and the outflow end, the flow and the pressure are in direct proportion under the condition of unchanged fluid viscosity according to Darcy's law, and the seepage resistance and the viscosity change of the magnetic nano liquid in a porous medium can be analyzed according to the indication of the pressure gauge; the displacement recovery ratio of the magnetic nano liquid can be obtained through the oil-water meter 19; real-time parameters of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field are acquired in real time through the computer 21, and the influence of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field on the displacement effect is studied.
Step nine: and (5) recycling the magnetic nano liquid. The magnetic nano liquid is a colloidal dispersion system containing magnetic nano particles, a surfactant and an airborne liquid, the produced liquid is injected into a magnetic produced liquid separating tank to overcome the viscous force between fluids under the action of a magnetic field so as to separate the magnetic nano liquid and crude oil, and then the magnetic nano liquid and the crude oil respectively flow into a magnetic nano liquid meter and an oil-water meter, and the magnetic nano liquid can be directly recycled.
According to the device disclosed by the invention, the displacement efficiency based on the rotating magnetic field is improved by about 20% -30% compared with the common water displacement efficiency, and the displacement effect of the magnetic nano-liquid under the experimental device disclosed by the invention is obvious through a comparison test.
Claims (5)
1. A magnetic nano-fluid displacement device based on a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field is characterized in that: the magnetic nano-liquid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field comprises a liquid containing cylinder, a water storage middle container, an oil storage middle container, a nano-magnetic liquid storage middle container and a advection pump, wherein the vacuum plunger pump, a core holder, an experimental core, a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator, a produced liquid magnetic separation tank, a magnetic nano-liquid meter, an oil-water meter and a computer, wherein the water storage middle container, the oil storage middle container and the nano-magnetic liquid storage middle container which are connected in parallel form a container group, the liquid containing cylinder, the advection pump, the container group and the vacuum plunger pump are sequentially connected through a conduit, the vacuum plunger pump is connected with an injection end of the experimental core, an outflow end of the experimental core is connected with the produced liquid magnetic separation tank, and the produced liquid magnetic separation tank is respectively connected with the magnetic nano-liquid meter and the oil-water meter; the experimental rock core is arranged in the rock core holder, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is arranged around the rock core holder and consists of a three-phase sinusoidal alternating current power supply and three groups of Helmholtz coils, the three groups of Helmholtz coils are three-axis coils which are orthogonally nested in space, the respective combined inductive reactance of the three groups of Helmholtz coils when driven by the same harmonic current is equal to the amplitude of the magnetic induction intensity of the harmonic magnetic field generated by the three groups of Helmholtz coils, the magnetic field after the three-axis magnetic field component superposition is a uniform spatial rotating magnetic field, the magnetic field intensity is high in the periphery and low in the middle, the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is connected with a computer, the input signal of current is controlled, the parameter of the magnetic field is monitored in real time, and the direction of the magnetic field is changed by adjusting the phase angle of the input signal of the rotating magnetic field through the computer, so that the displacement effect of any direction is achieved; the injection end of the experimental rock core is provided with an injection end pressure valve and an injection end pressure gauge, the outflow end of the experimental rock core is provided with an outflow end pressure valve and an outflow end pressure gauge, and the inflow end pressure gauge, the outflow end pressure gauge, the magnetic nano liquid meter and the oil-water meter are all connected with a computer system to form a signal detection system which is used for observing and researching a magnetic nano liquid seepage mechanism;
the magnetic nano liquid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field can establish three-dimensional rotating magnetic fields with different magnetic field intensities, simulate magnetic fields with different sizes and directions by adjusting signal waves of a magnetic field generator, realize displacement of magnetic fields in forward and reverse directions and any directions in space, simulate the environment of a complex magnetic field of an oil reservoir in a stratum, realize omnibearing displacement of magnetic nano liquid in the complex environment of a porous medium, and enable the nano particles to intelligently adsorb oil drops and enable the oil drops to move in a directional manner;
each magnetic nanoparticle forms a magnetic dipole to perform self-rotation, the magnetic field intensity at the center point in the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field is lower than the magnetic field intensity of each peripheral point, the formed magnetic field gradient enables the magnetic dipole to move towards the center point, the magnetic dipole moves along the direction of magnetic field change, the path of the magnetic dipole is spiral, when the magnetic dipole moves to the inner wall of the pore, the magnetic nanoparticle can collide and reflect to change the direction to continue to move, the speed of spin can be slowed down or even stopped, when the direction of the rotating magnetic field changes, the magnetic nanoparticle leaves the inner wall to restore the speed of spin and the movement of the magnetic dipole towards the new magnetic field center, and the movement track of each nanoparticle is influenced by different magnetic field rotation directions.
2. The three-dimensional rotating magnetic field-based magnetic nano-fluid displacement device of claim 1, wherein: the produced liquid magnetic separation tank screens produced liquid by adopting a magnetic separation method, the magnetic nano liquid contains magnetic nano particles, a stable dispersion system is formed with the surfactant and the base carrier liquid, the produced liquid is screened by utilizing magnetic field force under the action of a magnetic field, and when the magnetic field force is larger than the viscosity force between the magnetic nano liquid and oil-water, the magnetic nano liquid and the oil-water are separated.
3. The three-dimensional rotating magnetic field-based magnetic nano-fluid displacement device of claim 2, wherein: the outlet of the middle water storage container is provided with a water control valve, the outlet of the middle oil storage container is provided with an oil control valve, the outlet of the middle nano magnetic liquid storage container is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the core holder is provided with an annular pressure valve.
4. The three-dimensional rotating magnetic field-based magnetic nano-fluid displacement device of claim 3, wherein: the magnetic nano liquid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field further comprises a constant temperature device, and the liquid containing cylinder, the water storage middle container, the oil storage middle container, the nano magnetic liquid storage middle container and the advection pump are all arranged in the constant temperature device.
5. The three-dimensional rotating magnetic field-based magnetic nano-fluid displacement device of claim 4, wherein: the experimental method of the magnetic nano-fluid displacement device based on the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field comprises the following steps:
step one: vacuumizing; opening the incubator, setting the temperature required by the test, preheating equipment, exhausting air in the guide pipe and the core holder completely, and then closing all valves;
step two: core saturated oil; firstly, opening an open-loop pressure valve, simulating formation pressure, performing loop pressure on a core holder, setting pressure required by experiments, firstly opening an oil control valve, then opening a advection pump, injecting oil into a core, closing the advection pump after the core is fully saturated, closing the oil control valve, and keeping the injection end pressure valve and the output end pressure valve in a closed state all the time; then aging the crude oil in a constant temperature box according to the set time;
step three: the magnetic nano liquid drives oil under the action of a rotating magnetic field; firstly, a three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is turned on, an input signal of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field generator is controlled to set the magnetic induction intensity and direction of a magnetic field, the input signal is regulated by a computer and transmitted to the magnetic field generator, and the magnetic field changes along with the input signal; opening a advection pump, an injection end pressure valve and an outflow end pressure valve of an electromagnetic valve, starting displacement, enabling produced liquid at the outflow end to flow into a produced liquid magnetic separation tank, separating magnetic nano liquid and oil under the action of a magnetic field in the produced liquid magnetic separation tank, then injecting the magnetic nano liquid and the oil into an oil-water meter and a nano magnetic liquid meter respectively, closing the advection pump, the electromagnetic valve and the pressure valve when the produced liquid at the outflow end of an experimental rock core does not contain oil, and ending the experiment;
step four: adjusting parameters of the rotating magnetic field; the vector of the rotation axis is (cos alpha, cos beta, cos gamma), the direction of the rotation magnetic field is changed, namely the rotation axial direction of the rotation magnetic field is changed, the rotation axis is realized by changing the azimuth angles alpha, beta and gamma of the input current, and when the reverse magnetic field is added, the vector of the rotation axis is (-cos alpha, -cos beta, -cos gamma); changing the frequency w of the input current signal, controlling the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field, and changing the amplitude I of the input current signal 0 Changing the magnitude of the rotating magnetic field;
step six: performing displacement experiments under different parameters; the direction, amplitude, frequency and azimuth angle of an input current signal are adjusted through a computer to change the magnetic field, the experimental cores with the same size are replaced, and the steps two to three are repeated to complete the displacement experiment under different parameters;
step seven, displacing with water; replacing the rock cores with the same size, performing an analogy experiment, replacing the nano magnetic liquid with water under the condition of keeping other conditions unchanged, and repeating the second to third steps;
step eight: collecting and analyzing the data; the computer collects parameters of the pressure meter at the inflow end and the pressure meter at the outflow end, the flow and the pressure are in direct proportion under the condition of unchanged fluid viscosity according to Darcy's law, and the seepage resistance and the viscosity change of the nano magnetic liquid in the porous medium are analyzed according to the number of the pressure meter; the displacement recovery ratio of the nano magnetic liquid is obtained through an oil-water meter; real-time parameters of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field are collected in real time through a computer, and the influence of the three-dimensional rotating magnetic field on the displacement effect is researched.
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