CN114644537A - Method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks - Google Patents
Method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 241000908270 Agrocybe cylindracea Species 0.000 title 1
- 244000045069 Agrocybe aegerita Species 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000228251 Aspergillus phoenicis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001513093 Aspergillus awamori Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000228153 Penicillium citrinum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001465318 Aspergillus terreus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000021267 infertility disease Diseases 0.000 claims 2
- 235000008121 Agrocybe aegerita Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000228260 Aspergillus wentii Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000985530 Penicillium glabrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940094461 penicillium glabrum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks. The waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks are used for being fermented to prepare the fertilizer, and the method comprises the step of adding broken waste rocks and agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick raw materials to improve the porosity and water-retaining property of soil, greatly improve barren soil and increase the fertility of the barren soil. The microorganisms are used for acting with the broken waste rocks, and the microorganisms are used for accelerating the weathering particles of the broken waste rocks to reach the standard, so that coarse sand can be formed, and the problem of utilization of the waste rocks is further solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of improvement of barren soil, and particularly relates to a method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using an agrocybe aegerita fungus stick.
Background
With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the demand of people for food nutrition is gradually changed, and most people change the favor of meat foods into vegetables. However, fungi are also one of the favorite vegetables. Since the wild fungus can not meet the requirements of people, a large amount of artificially planted fungus oil can grow naturally. However, the waste mushroom sticks are produced in large quantities, and if they are not disposed of in time, they become a source of pollution, which deteriorates the environment. The waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks are waste left after agrocybe cylindracea is picked, and contain a large amount of nutrient media, so that resource waste is caused if the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks are directly discarded, and the environment is polluted.
The high-altitude area mainly takes semi-humid, semi-arid and arid climates in a cold temperature zone of the plateau as main climates, so that the water of the soil is easy to dissipate, and the soil nutrient in the high-altitude area is extremely poor due to the problems of wind erosion, freeze thawing and the like for many years. Poor growth and development conditions of crops caused by soil nutrient impoverishment, low and unstable yield, and the problems of human shortage and land shortage due to the influence on the safety guarantee and the economic income guarantee of grain production in areas. In high-altitude areas, the soil impoverishment directly causes a great deal of waste land, causes soil hardening, causes the phenomenon of land desertification, and aggravates the development of drought. The problem that local climate can be indirectly influenced due to soil impoverishment, the oxygen content in the air of high-altitude areas is low due to the fact that plants cannot grow, and the method causes great harm to the bodies of residents living in the local area.
The soil mineral substance, the soil moisture and the soil pore space are mutually related and restricted, and are the material basis of the soil nutrient. If the nutrient of the soil is increased, the cutting must be carried out from the three aspects, so that the high-altitude barren soil can be well improved. In order to solve the problem of soil impoverishment in high-altitude areas by using wastes, a method for not only fully utilizing the waste agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks, but also improving the soil impoverishment in high-altitude areas is very necessary to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks, and solves the problems of large waste of the fungus sticks and barren high-altitude soil.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the steps are as follows:
s1, peeling the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying the fungus sticks in the sun, adding a certain amount of biomass in proportion, and uniformly crushing.
And S2, adding the zymophyte into the brown sugar warm water according to the proportion, soaking for 8-10 h, putting the zymophyte into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, spraying the zymophyte into the mixture prepared in the step S1, and keeping the water until the water is just not discharged when the zymophyte is pinched by hands.
S3, mixingCulturing the microbe capable of decomposing saccharide outside high altitude area for a period of time, selecting the strain suitable for high altitude area, and culturing to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial count of 1 × 107~9×107 CFU/mL。
S4, putting the mixture sprayed with the bacterial liquid in the step S2 into a 100L water bucket, and sealing and fermenting. The compost fermentation can be divided into two processes, wherein one process is to decompose complex organic matters into simple substances under the action of microorganisms to generate carbon dioxide, water and mineral nutrients; the other process is humification of organic matter under the action of microbes, and the organic matter is decomposed to synthesize more complex special organic matter-humus. In the fermentation process, the microorganisms decompose organic matters to generate a large amount of heat, and in order to strictly control the fermentation temperature, the stack turning and oxygen supply are carried out once every 3-5 days and are continuously carried out for 5-7 times. When the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material becomes black brown, the fermentation is finished.
S5, crushing the waste rock to a certain particle size, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterial liquid prepared in the S3 to the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water. The microorganism generates acid through metabolism, and exchanges with cations in the waste rocks, so that the dissolution of minerals is promoted; metabolites of the microorganism such as organic acids, polysaccharides, etc. promote mineral dissolution by complexing with cations on the waste rock.
S6, taking the high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rocks containing microorganisms, unfermented broken agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and uniformly mixing with the fermentation product prepared in the step S4 according to a proportion, so that the nutrient of the high-altitude barren soil can be increased.
The invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks are fermented, and the waste can be made into a fertilizer with extremely high nutrient content and used for improving barren soil in high-altitude areas. The broken waste soil is used for improving high-altitude barren soil, so that the porosity of the soil can be increased, the soil is not easy to harden and harden, and the waste rocks can be fully utilized. The water retention of soil can be increased by adding unfermented broken agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks.
(2) The invention artificially adds the biological bacteria leaven, the leaven has stronger decomposition capability to the waste under certain conditions, has the characteristics of strong activity, quick reproduction, quick decomposition of organic matters and the like, and can accelerate the progress of composting reaction and shorten the time of composting reaction.
(3) The invention screens out the microorganism which can adapt to high altitude area, and cultures the microorganism into bacterial liquid, which is beneficial to the activity of the microorganism. The brown sugar water is sprayed or leached on the broken waste rocks, which is beneficial to the microorganisms to have longer growth activity on the waste rocks. The air in the soil can be increased by utilizing the characteristics of multiple soil porosities at the initial stage of soil mixing, the continuous growth of microorganisms is facilitated, and the microorganisms generate acid through metabolism and exchange with cations in waste rocks, so that the dissolution of minerals is promoted; metabolites of the microorganism such as organic acids, polysaccharides, etc. promote mineral dissolution by complexing with cations on the waste rock. The waste stone weathered particles are accelerated to reach the standard through the action of microorganisms, and then coarse sandy soil can be formed. The metabolites of the microorganisms and the dead microorganisms also increase the organic matter content of the soil.
(4) The method improves the barren soil, can improve the income level of the agricultural and animal husbandry of residents in the area, fully utilizes a large amount of barren soil, and prevents the phenomenon of soil desertification. Plants can be planted on the soil, and the oxygen concentration level of the area is indirectly improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks comprises the following steps of:
s1, peeling the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus bags, drying in the sun until the moisture content is less than 5%, adding biomass in proportion, and uniformly crushing;
s2, adding the zymophyte into the brown sugar warm water according to the proportion, soaking for 8-10 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1, and keeping the water until the water is just not discharged when the mixture is kneaded by hands;
s3, culturing the microbes capable of decomposing saccharide outside the high altitude area, selecting the strains suitable for the high altitude area, culturing to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial count of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL；
S4, putting the mixture sprayed with the zymocyte liquid in the step S2 into a barrel, and sealing and fermenting; in the fermentation process, a large amount of heat is generated by decomposing organic matters by microorganisms, the fermentation temperature is strictly controlled, and the stack turning and oxygen supply are carried out once every 3 to 5 days and are continuously carried out for 5 to 7 times; when the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material is decomposed to be black brown, the fermentation is finished;
s5, crushing the waste rock, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared in the S3 onto the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water;
s6, taking high-altitude barren soil, mixing the broken waste rock containing the microorganisms obtained in the step S5, the unfermented broken agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermentation product obtained in the step S4 uniformly according to a proportion, and then increasing the nutrients of the high-altitude barren soil.
Preferably, the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks are dried in the sun, and the water content is less than 3-5%.
Preferably, the biomass is one or a mixture of crop straws, leaves, barks, sawdust, straws and dried cow dung.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks to the biomass is 10-15: 1.
preferably, the zymophyte is a biological bacterial manure leavening agent.
Preferably, the brown sugar warm water is prepared by mixing brown sugar and boiled water in a mass ratio of 1: and 10, cooling to 35-40 ℃ after the brown sugar is completely melted. The brown sugar water is prepared from brown sugar and boiled water in a mass ratio of 1: and 10, cooling to room temperature after the brown sugar is completely melted.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the zymophyte to the brown sugar hot water is 1: 20.
preferably, the microorganism capable of decomposing saccharides is a mixture of one or more of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus saitoi, Aspergillus satchenoti, Penicillium glabratum, and Penicillium citrinum.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature does not exceed 60 ℃.
Preferably, the unfermented broken agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks are broken to 5 meshes.
Preferably, the waste rocks are crushed to pass through a sieve of 10-20 meshes.
Preferably, the high-altitude barren soil, the broken waste rocks, the unfermented broken agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermentation product are mixed in a mass ratio of 100-200: 100-200: 1: 2.
the present invention will be further described with reference to examples 1 to 7.
Example 1
S1, peeling off the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying the fungus sticks, wherein the moisture content is less than 3%, adding some biomass according to the proportion, uniformly crushing, and the mass ratio of the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks to straws and leaves is 10: 1.
s2, mixing the biological bacteria starter according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, adding the mixture into brown sugar warm water, soaking for 8 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, and then spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1 until water does not flow out when the mixture is kneaded by hands.
S3, culturing Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus awamori, and Aspergillus saitoi outside high altitude area for a period of time, selecting strains suitable for high altitude area, and culturing in large amount to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial amount of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL。
S4, putting the mixture sprayed with the bacterial liquid in the step S2 into a 100L water bucket, and sealing and fermenting. During the fermentation process, the microorganisms decompose organic matters to generate a large amount of heat, and in order to strictly control the fermentation temperature, the stack is turned once every 3 days for supplying oxygen, and the process is continued for 5 times. When the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material becomes black brown, the fermentation is finished.
S5, crushing the waste rock to 10 meshes, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared in the S3 onto the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water.
S6, taking high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rocks containing microorganisms, unfermented and broken 5-mesh agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermented substance prepared in the step S4 according to the mass ratio of 100: 100: 1: 2, the nutrient of the high-altitude barren soil can be increased by uniformly mixing.
Example 2
S1, peeling off the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying the fungus sticks, wherein the moisture content is less than 4%, adding a certain amount of biomass in proportion and then uniformly crushing, wherein the mass ratio of the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks to straws to leaves is 13: 1.
s2, mixing the biological bacteria starter according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, adding the mixture into brown sugar warm water, soaking for 8 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, and then spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1 until water does not flow out when the mixture is kneaded by hands.
S3, culturing Penicillium glabratum and Penicillium citrinum outside high altitude area for a period of time, selecting strains suitable for high altitude area, and culturing in large amount to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial amount of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL。
S4, putting the mixture sprayed with the bacterial liquid in the step S2 into a 100L water bucket, and sealing and fermenting. During the fermentation process, the microorganisms decompose organic matters to generate a large amount of heat, and in order to strictly control the fermentation temperature, the stack is turned once every 4 days for supplying oxygen, and the process is continued for 6 times. When the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material becomes black brown, the fermentation is finished.
S5, crushing the waste rock to 12 meshes, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared by the S3 on the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water.
S6, taking high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rocks containing microorganisms, unfermented and broken 5-mesh agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermented product prepared in the step S4 according to the mass ratio of 150: 150: 1: 2, the nutrient of the high-altitude barren soil can be increased.
Example 3
S1, peeling off the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying the fungus sticks, wherein the moisture content is less than 5%, adding some biomass according to the proportion, uniformly crushing, and the mass ratio of the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks to straws and leaves is 15: 1.
s2, mixing the biological bacteria starter according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, adding the mixture into brown sugar warm water, soaking for 8 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, and then spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1 until water does not flow out when the mixture is kneaded by hands.
S3, culturing Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus saitoi and Aspergillus satchenoti outside high altitude area for a period of time, selecting strains suitable for high altitude area, and culturing in large amount to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial amount of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL。
S4, filling the mixture sprayed with the bacteria liquid in the step S2 into a 100L water bucket, and sealing and fermenting. During the fermentation process, the microorganisms decompose organic matters to generate a large amount of heat, and in order to strictly control the fermentation temperature, the stack is turned once every 5 days for supplying oxygen, and the process is continued for 5 times. When the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material becomes black brown, the fermentation is finished.
S5, crushing the waste rock to 14 meshes, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared in the S3 onto the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water.
S6, taking high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rocks containing microorganisms, unfermented and broken 5-mesh agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermented product prepared in the step S4 according to the mass ratio of 200: 200: 1: 2, the nutrient of the high-altitude barren soil can be increased.
Example 4
S1, peeling off the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying the fungus sticks, wherein the moisture content is less than 3%, adding some biomass according to the proportion, uniformly crushing, and the mass ratio of the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks to straws and leaves is 15: 1.
s2, mixing the biological bacteria starter according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, adding the mixture into brown sugar warm water, soaking for 8 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, and then spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1 until water does not flow out when the mixture is kneaded by hands.
S3 culturing Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus saitoi, and Penicillium citrinum outside high altitude area for a period of time, selecting strains suitable for high altitude area, and culturing to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial amount of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL。
S4, filling the mixture sprayed with the bacteria liquid in the step S2 into a 100L water bucket, and sealing and fermenting. During the fermentation process, the microorganisms decompose organic matters to generate a large amount of heat, and in order to strictly control the fermentation temperature, the stack is turned once every 3 days for supplying oxygen, and the process is continued for 6 times. When the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material becomes black brown, the fermentation is finished.
S5, crushing the waste rock to 20 meshes, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared in the S3 onto the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water.
S6, taking high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rocks containing microorganisms, unfermented and broken 5-mesh agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks and the fermented product prepared in the S4 according to the mass ratio of 180: 180: 1: 2, the nutrient of the high-altitude barren soil can be increased by uniformly mixing.
Example 5
S1, peeling off the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying the fungus sticks, wherein the moisture content is less than 5%, adding some biomass according to the proportion, uniformly crushing, and the mass ratio of the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks to straws and leaves is 10: 1.
s2, mixing the biological bacteria starter according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, adding the mixture into brown sugar warm water, soaking for 8 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, and then spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1 until water does not flow out when the mixture is kneaded by hands.
S3, culturing Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus saitoi, and Penicillium glabratum outside high altitude area for a period of time, selecting strains suitable for high altitude area, and culturing in large amount to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial amount of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL。
S4, filling the mixture sprayed with the bacteria liquid in the step S2 into a 100L water bucket, and sealing and fermenting. During the fermentation process, the microorganisms decompose organic matters to generate a large amount of heat, and in order to strictly control the fermentation temperature, the pile needs to be turned once every 5 days for supplying oxygen, and the process is continuously carried out for 7 times. When the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material becomes black brown, the fermentation is finished.
S5, crushing the waste rock to 18 meshes, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared by the S3 on the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water.
S6, taking high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rocks containing microorganisms, unfermented and broken 5-mesh agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermented substance prepared in the step S4 according to the mass ratio of 100: 100: 1: 2, the nutrient of the high-altitude barren soil can be increased.
Example 6
S1, peeling off the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying the fungus sticks, wherein the moisture content is less than 3%, adding some biomass according to the proportion, uniformly crushing, and the mass ratio of the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks to straws and leaves is 15: 1.
s2, mixing the biological bacteria starter according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, adding the mixture into brown sugar warm water, soaking for 8 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, and then spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1 until water is just not discharged by hand kneading.
S3, culturing Aspergillus saitoi, Aspergillus wentii, Penicillium citrinum outdoors in high altitude area for a period of time, selecting the strains suitable for high altitude area, and culturing in large amount to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial count of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL。
S4, putting the mixture sprayed with the bacterial liquid in the step S2 into a 100L water bucket, and sealing and fermenting. During the fermentation process, the microorganisms decompose organic matters to generate a large amount of heat, and in order to strictly control the fermentation temperature, the stack is turned once every 5 days for supplying oxygen, and the process is continued for 6 times. When the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the materials become black brown after being thoroughly decomposed, the fermentation is finished.
S5, crushing the waste rock to 16 meshes, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared in the S3 onto the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water.
S6, taking high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rocks containing microorganisms, unfermented and broken 5-mesh agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermented substance prepared in the step S4 according to the mass ratio of 100: 150: 1: 2, the nutrient of the high-altitude barren soil can be increased by uniformly mixing.
Example 7
S1, peeling off the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying the fungus sticks, wherein the moisture content is less than 5%, adding some biomass according to the proportion, uniformly crushing, and the mass ratio of the agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks to straws to leaves is 12: 1.
s2, mixing the biological bacteria starter according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, adding the mixture into brown sugar warm water, soaking for 8 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, and then spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1 until water does not flow out when the mixture is kneaded by hands.
S3, culturing Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus saitoi, Aspergillus terreus and Penicillium glabrum outdoors in high altitude area for a period of time, selecting strains suitable for high altitude area, and culturing in large amount to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial count of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL。
S4, filling the mixture sprayed with the bacteria liquid in the step S2 into a 100L water bucket, and sealing and fermenting. During the fermentation process, the microorganisms decompose organic matters to generate a large amount of heat, and in order to strictly control the fermentation temperature, the stack is turned once every 4 days for supplying oxygen, and the process is continued for 7 times. When the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material becomes black brown, the fermentation is finished.
S5, crushing the waste rock to 16 meshes, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared in the S3 onto the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water.
S6, taking high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rocks containing microorganisms, unfermented and broken 5-mesh agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermented product prepared in the step S4 according to the mass ratio of 150: 100: 1: 2, the nutrient of the high-altitude barren soil can be increased by uniformly mixing.
TABLE 1 Experimental data on technical effects of examples 1 to 7
| Examples | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | Original soil |
| Organic content | 18 g/kg | 14g/kg | 16 g/kg | 15 g/kg | 16 g/kg | 15 g/kg | 17 g/kg | 3 g/kg |
| Germination rate of grass seeds | 90 % | 78 % | 83 % | 82 % | 88 % | 86 % | 84 % | 20 % |
Note: a. soil organic matter refers to all carbon-containing organic substances existing in soil in various forms, including various animal and plant residues in soil, microorganisms and various organic substances decomposed and synthesized by the microorganisms.
b. The germination rate of grass seeds is 50 grass seeds in each example, and the germination rate of grass seeds is finally counted.
The embodiments of the present invention described above are merely preferred embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, peeling the waste agrocybe cylindracea fungus stick fungus bags, drying in the sun until the moisture content is less than 5%, adding biomass in proportion and uniformly crushing;
s2, adding the zymophyte into the brown sugar warm water according to the proportion, soaking for 8-10 hours, placing the mixture into a thermostat for heat preservation in the soaking process, spraying the mixture into the mixture prepared in the step S1, and keeping the water until the water is just not discharged when the mixture is kneaded by hands;
s3, culturing the microbes capable of decomposing saccharide outside the high-altitude area, selecting the strains suitable for the high-altitude area, culturing to obtain bacterial liquid with effective bacterial count of 1 × 107~9×107CFU/mL；
S4, putting the mixture sprayed with the zymocyte liquid in the step S2 into a barrel, and sealing and fermenting; in the fermentation process, a large amount of heat is generated by decomposing organic matters by microorganisms, the fermentation temperature is strictly controlled, and the stack turning and oxygen supply are carried out once every 3 to 5 days and are continuously carried out for 5 to 7 times; when the temperature in the barrel is kept at normal temperature and the material is decomposed to be black brown, the fermentation is finished;
s5, crushing the waste rock, then leaching or soaking the waste rock with brown sugar water, and finally spraying the bacterium solution prepared in the S3 onto the waste rock leached or soaked with the brown sugar water;
s6, taking high-altitude barren soil, mixing the broken waste rock containing the microorganisms obtained in the step S5, the unfermented broken agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks and the fermentation product obtained in the step S4 uniformly according to a proportion, and then increasing the nutrients of the high-altitude barren soil.
2. The method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using the agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biomass in the step (1) is one or a mixture of crop straws, leaves, barks, wood chips, straws and dried cow dung.
3. The method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using the agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks to the biomass in the step (1) is 10-15: 1.
4. the method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using the agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the zymophyte in the step (2) is a biological bacterial manure leavening agent; the mass ratio of the zymophyte to the brown sugar warm water is 1: 20.
5. the method for improving high-altitude infertile soil by using the agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the warm brown sugar water is a mixture of brown sugar and boiled water in a mass ratio of 1: 10, cooling to 35-40 ℃ after the brown sugar is completely melted; the brown sugar water is prepared from brown sugar and boiled water in a mass ratio of 1: and 10, cooling to room temperature after the brown sugar is completely melted.
6. The method for improving high-altitude poor soil according to claim 1, wherein said microorganism capable of decomposing saccharides is a mixture of one or more of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus saitoi, Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium glabratum, and Penicillium citrinum.
7. The method for improving high-altitude infertile soil by using Agrocybe aegerita mushroom sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermentation temperature in step (4) is not more than 60 ℃.
8. The method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using the agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unfermented crushed agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks in step (6) are obtained by peeling off fungus bags and crushing the fungus sticks and sieving the crushed fungus sticks with a 5-mesh sieve.
9. The method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using the agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste rocks are crushed and sieved by a sieve of 10-20 meshes.
10. The method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using the agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-altitude barren soil, broken waste rock containing microorganisms, unfermented broken agrocybe aegerita fungus sticks and a mixture of the fermentation materials in a mass ratio of 100-200: 100-200: 1: 2.
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| CN104193512A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-10 | 新疆金策农业科技开发有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112919985A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-06-08 | 竹山县绿谷食用菌有限公司 | Mushroom dreg organic fertilizer and production method thereof |
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| CN104193512A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-10 | 新疆金策农业科技开发有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106171100A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-07 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | A kind of barren agricultural land soil Study on Fertilizing modification method |
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