CN114636441B - Multi-parameter sensor suitable for underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-parameter sensor suitable for underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114636441B CN114636441B CN202210167351.6A CN202210167351A CN114636441B CN 114636441 B CN114636441 B CN 114636441B CN 202210167351 A CN202210167351 A CN 202210167351A CN 114636441 B CN114636441 B CN 114636441B
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-parameter sensor suitable for an underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment and a testing method thereof. The multi-parameter sensor and the performance test method thereof suitable for the pollution-free drilling system of the ice lake can realize redundant backup of two sets of detection mechanisms in a limited envelope size space, the maximum withstand voltage is 30MPa, and the measurement performance of an instrument in the drilling process of the ice lake is ensured. In addition, the instrument is externally coated with a special coating, when the instrument is soaked in the water under ice for a long time and the pH value is unknown, the lake water cannot influence the metal shell, no extra substances are generated to influence the measurement result, and the reliability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and particularly relates to a multi-parameter sensor suitable for a pollution-free drilling system of a Antarctic ice lake.
Background
The pollution-free drilling sampling and observing technology for the antarctic under-ice lake has extremely important scientific significance for acquiring basic environment data of the under-ice lake, researching formation mechanism and evolution rule of the under-ice lake and revealing material balance form of the antarctic under-ice lake and ice cover, so that a set of multi-parameter sensors suitable for a pollution-free drilling sampling system for the antarctic under-ice lake are required to be developed around the characteristics of water quality, physicochemical parameters and water sources of the antarctic under-ice lake, and the physicochemical parameters and water quality characteristics of an under-ice lake system under high-pressure, low-temperature, low-nutrition and dark environment conditions are acquired.
The multi-parameter measurement sensor can be carried with a pollution-free drilling system to drill through an ice layer from the surface of a south pole to enter a sub-ice lake for measuring temperature, salinity, pressure and pH parameters of the sub-ice lake water, and the task profile mainly comprises a plurality of stages such as domestic joint debugging test, transportation on the way to the south pole site, debugging of the south pole site equipment, drilling of a granular snow layer, downward drilling of the ice layer, working of the multi-parameter sensor, upward drilling of the ice layer, transportation and the like.
The instrument is installed in a pollution-free drilling system, the maximum enveloping diameter is required to be smaller than 140mm, the low-temperature storage temperature is as low as-60 ℃ to finish the task section, the working temperature range is-5 ℃ to +30 ℃, and the pressure-resistant range is 0-30 MPa. According to the extremely severe application environment of the Antarctic ice lake, the development of a multi-parameter sensor with compact structure, high redundancy, strong environmental adaptability, high reliability and no pollution in a limited structural size space is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a multi-parameter sensor suitable for underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment and a matched performance test method, so as to provide a multi-parameter sensor with compact structure, high redundancy, strong environmental adaptability, high reliability and no pollution.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a multi-parameter sensor suitable for low temperature high pressure environment under water, includes base, warm salt degree of depth detection mechanism, pH detection mechanism, dead lever and mounting, and warm salt degree of depth detection mechanism and a plurality of pH detection mechanism all are connected to the base through the dead lever, and pH detection mechanism symmetry sets up in warm salt degree of depth detection mechanism both sides, and warm salt degree of depth detection mechanism is connected to pH detection mechanism through the mounting.
Further, the mounting includes the mount body, the mounting is axisymmetric structure, the mount body is Y style of calligraphy structure, and the top is the arc, the inside warm salt deep detection mechanism that is used for encircling of arc, mount body top installation warm salt deep fixation frame, warm salt deep fixation frame is spacing and fixed to warm salt deep detection mechanism together with the mount body, the base, the both sides of mount body distribute and install a pH mount, every pH mount is inside to be equipped with a through-hole, the inside fixed pH detection mechanism that cup joints of through-hole, mount body, the below of pH mount all is connected to the base through the dead lever.
Further, the temperature and salt depth detection mechanism comprises two sets of temperature and salt depth probes and a temperature and salt depth sealing cylinder, the bottoms of the temperature and salt depth sealing cylinders are respectively connected to a magnetic ring sealing seat through a connecting pipe, the magnetic ring sealing seats are fixedly connected to the base, a set of induction type conductivity measurement probes are packaged in each magnetic ring sealing seat, and the temperature probes are arranged on the lower sides of the magnetic ring sealing seats to form the temperature and salt measurement probes. The temperature salt end cover is arranged above the temperature salt deep sealing cylinder in a sealing way, the temperature salt dense plug connector is arranged above the temperature salt end cover in a sealing way, the circuit board and the pressure probes are arranged inside the temperature salt sealing cylinder, and the two pressure probes are positioned at the bottom of the temperature salt sealing cylinder and used for pressure measurement, and the temperature salt probes and the pressure probes are connected to the circuit board through signals.
Furthermore, the inside of the instrument is provided with two sets of measuring circuits which are redundant backups, one set is started to work in actual work, and the other set is started to measure and store data if the work is abnormal.
Furthermore, the pressure probe adopts a stress cup structure, the stress cup is manufactured by adopting a full sapphire crystal, the sealing of the stress cup and the titanium alloy base is realized through an electrostatic sealing process, and the packaging of the stress cup and the titanium alloy shell is realized through a plasma welding process.
Further, the pH detection mechanism comprises a sealing cylinder, an end cover is arranged at one end of the sealing cylinder, a pH watertight plug connector is arranged outside the end cover, a pH probe is arranged at the other end of the sealing cylinder, support rods are arranged on two sides of the pH probe, a protective shell is arranged outside the support rods, and a pH protective cover is arranged at the end part of the protective shell.
Further, the protective housing is a titanium alloy hollowed-out protective housing.
Furthermore, the warm salt deep seal cylinder, the end cover, the magnetic ring seal seat, the magnetic ring seal cover, the pH seal cylinder, the end cover, the pH protective cover and the protective shell are all made of titanium alloy, and the shell of the titanium alloy is coated with an environment-friendly coating.
Further, the environment-friendly coating is based on polytetrafluoroethylene materials, then a vapor deposition method is adopted to fully heat the TiO2 materials to 500 ℃, a coating with the thickness of 20nm is deposited on the surface of the titanium alloy materials, the deposition of a nano silver layer material is carried out on the TiO2 layer, meanwhile, a silver coating with the thickness of 20nm is continuously deposited on the polytetrafluoroethylene materials with the thickness of 50nm, then 100nm polytetrafluoroethylene material deposition is completed by adopting the same method, and after the preparation of the three coatings is completed, high-temperature fire fading treatment at 1900 ℃ is required, so that the close adhesion of the nano coating after the fire fading is completed is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment has the following advantages:
(1) The multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment has the advantages of compact structure and high redundancy, can measure the parameters of a plurality of lake waters, has the maximum withstand voltage of 30MPa, ensures the measurement performance of an instrument in a limited size space, and can expand the integrated water sampler and other measurement sensors.
(2) The multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment disclosed by the invention is high in reliability, and when the sensor is soaked in the under-ice lake water for a long time and the pH value is unknown, the pH value of the lake water cannot influence the metal of the outer shell, no extra substances are generated to influence the measurement result.
The invention further aims to provide a test method of the multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment, so as to verify whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally in the polar environment or not and whether the multi-parameter sensor meets the actual requirements or not.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the test method of the multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment comprises the following steps:
s1, low-temperature air storage test
When the system is exposed in the air, the system is subjected to the low temperature of minus 60 ℃, and whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally after being stored in the low-temperature air is mainly verified;
s2, storage test in low-temperature ice
If the power supply fails during drilling, a low temperature of-30 ℃ is sustained in ice before the power supply is restored. Mainly verifying whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally after being stored in low-temperature ice;
s3, polar region workflow test
Before the drilling system works, the multi-parameter sensor is exposed to the air at the temperature of minus 15 ℃, is soaked in the molten water at the temperature of 0-20 ℃ after drilling is started, is quickly cooled to the temperature of minus 5-0 ℃ when reaching the under-ice lake, and works after the temperature is stable;
s4 low-temperature high-pressure test
The existing research data show that the temperature of the lake water under ice is between 5 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃ and the background pressure of 30Mpa is possible, and the experiment simulates the field working environment and mainly verifies whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally under the low-temperature high-pressure environment. Compared with the prior art, the verification method of the multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The test method of the multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment can verify whether the multi-parameter sensor can normally work in a foreseeable polar environment, and ensure the measurement reliability and stability in the actual work of the multi-parameter sensor.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-parameter sensor suitable for underwater low temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a multi-parameter sensor adapted for cryogenic underwater according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram I of a salt temperature depth detection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of a salt temperature depth detection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pH detection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fixing member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a base; 2-a temperature and salt depth detection mechanism; 21-a magnetic ring sealing seat; 22-temperature probe; 23-connecting pipes; 24-a warm salt deep sealing cylinder; 25-salt-temperature deep water dense plug connector; 26-a warm salt deep end cover; 27-a pressure probe; 28-a circuit board; 3-a pH detection mechanism; 31-sealing the cylinder; 32-end caps; 33-pH watertight plug; 34-pH probe; 35-pH protective cover; 36-a protective shell; 4-a fixed rod; 5-fixing pieces; 51-a fixing frame body; 52-pH fixing frame; 53-warm salt fixing frame; 54-fixing bolts.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Multi-parameter sensor suitable for low temperature high pressure environment under water, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, including base 1, warm salt degree of depth detection mechanism 2, pH detection mechanism 3, dead lever 4 and mounting 5, warm salt degree of depth detection mechanism 2 and a plurality of pH detection mechanism 3 all are connected to base 1 through dead lever 4, and pH detection mechanism 3 symmetry sets up in warm salt degree of depth detection mechanism 2 both sides, and warm salt degree of depth detection mechanism 2 is connected to pH detection mechanism 3 through mounting 5.
In the present embodiment, the number of pH detecting mechanisms 3 is 2, which can ensure the accuracy of measurement and reduce the overall weight of the apparatus.
The fixing piece 5 comprises a fixing frame body 51, a pH fixing frame 52, a warm salt deep fixing frame 53 and fixing bolts 54, the fixing piece 5 is of an axisymmetric structure, the fixing frame body 51 is of a Y-shaped structure, an arc is arranged above the fixing frame body, the warm salt deep detecting mechanism 2 is surrounded in the arc, the warm salt deep fixing frame 53 is installed above the fixing frame body 51 through the fixing bolts 54, the warm salt deep fixing frame 53 is of an open cylindrical shell structure with protrusions above, the protrusions of the warm salt deep fixing frame 53 are used for clamping the top of the warm salt deep detecting mechanism 2, the warm salt deep detecting mechanism 2 is limited and fixed with the fixing frame body 51 and the base 1, the two sides of the fixing frame body 51 are provided with the pH fixing frames 52 in a distributed mode, a through hole is formed in each pH fixing frame 52, the pH detecting mechanism 3 is fixedly sleeved in the through hole, and the bottoms of the fixing frame body 51 and the pH fixing frames 52 are connected to the base 1 through the fixing rods 4. Through the structure of mounting 5, can effectively guarantee the equilibrium and the stability of this scheme multiparameter sensor.
The temperature and salt depth detection mechanism 2 comprises a magnetic ring sealing seat 21, a temperature probe 22, a connecting pipe 23, a temperature and salt depth sealing cylinder 24, a temperature and salt depth sealing plug connector 25, a temperature and salt depth end cover 26, a pressure probe 27 and a circuit board 28, wherein the bottom of the temperature and salt depth sealing cylinder 24 is respectively connected to the magnetic ring sealing seat 21 through the connecting pipe 23, and the magnetic ring sealing seat 21 is fixedly connected to the base 1. Each magnetic ring sealing seat 21 is internally encapsulated with an inductive conductivity measurement probe, and the lower side of each magnetic ring sealing seat is provided with a temperature probe 22 to form a temperature salt measurement probe. A warm salt deep end cover 26 is arranged above the warm salt deep sealing cylinder 24 in a sealing way, a warm salt deep water sealing plug connector 25 is arranged above the warm salt deep end cover 26 in a sealing way, a circuit board 28 and pressure probes 27 are arranged inside the warm salt deep sealing cylinder 24, the two pressure probes 27 are positioned at the bottom of the warm salt deep sealing cylinder 24 and used for measuring the lake water pressure, and the warm salt probes and the pressure probes 27 are connected to the circuit board 28 in a signal way. The instrument has two sets of circuit boards 28 with complete functions inside, and in actual operation, if one set is abnormal, the other set is started. The circuit board 28 may be a controller commonly used in the art, and the circuit board 28 is connected to an external control system through a cable.
Specifically, cylindrical surface sealing is selected between the temperature probe 22 and the magnetic ring sealing seat 21, and end surface sealing is selected between the connecting pipe 23 and the warm salt deep sealing cylinder 24 and between the connecting pipe 23 and the magnetic ring sealing seat 21, namely, the connecting pipe 23 (stud) of the magnetic ring sealing seat 21 passes through the warm salt deep sealing cylinder 24 and is fixed with the warm salt deep sealing cylinder through nuts. The pressure probe 27 (pressure sensor) adopts radial sealing and is directly embedded into the warm salt deep sealing cylinder 24. The circuit board 28 is secured to the warm salt depth end cap 26 by a circuit board bracket. Two radial seals are adopted between the warm salt deep end cover 26 and the warm salt deep sealing cylinder 24, and the warm salt deep sealing cylinder is fixed by three screws. The warm salt deep water dense plug connector 25 and the warm salt deep end cover 26 are sealed by the end face and are connected with the warm salt end cover 26 through threads.
A fastening strip is arranged between the two magnetic ring sealing seats 21 to prevent the loose of the installation threads of the warm salt probe 22 under the condition of impact vibration. An L-shaped pressure calibration device (calibration rod) is designed aiming at the pressure probe 27 mounting structure, so that the sensor calibration and retest test are facilitated.
The permalloy is commonly adopted in the current inductive probe, so that the material has larger volume, and meanwhile, the relative permeability closely related to the inductance is larger in attenuation in a low-temperature environment, and is not suitable for application in a scheme environment. Therefore, the scheme adopts the current more advanced nanocrystalline magnetic material to replace the permalloy material, the volume is reduced by half, the relative magnetic permeability at the ultralow temperature (-70 ℃) can be maintained at about 80% of the room temperature, and the influence on the amplitude of the output voltage is not obvious.
In order to avoid the influence of larger pressure and sediment impurities in the ice layer environment on the magnetic core of the sensor, the sealing shell of the temperature and salt depth probe is made of titanium alloy metal materials, and a nano coating protecting material is sprayed on the surface of the sealing shell.
The pressure probe 27 (pressure sensor) adopts a stress cup structure, and the response frequency and the accuracy of the pressure sensor are improved. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the overall good mechanical strength and environmental adaptability, the stress cup is manufactured by adopting all-sapphire crystals, the sealing of the stress cup and the titanium alloy base is realized through an electrostatic sealing process, the packaging of the stress cup and the titanium alloy shell is realized through plasma welding and other processes, and the mechanical strength and the environmental adaptability are ensured. The pressure strain material mainly adopts a Wheatstone bridge form of the monocrystalline silicon resistor, so that the influence of deformation of the pressure sensitive silicon resistor on the output voltage of the whole stress sensitive structure after the temperature change of the pressure sensitive silicon resistor is avoided, only single relevant monocrystalline silicon resistance change and sensed pressure change can be considered, and the capability of the sensitive material for resisting the interference of external temperature change is improved. Meanwhile, when the monocrystalline silicon strain resistor is prepared, quartz sand which is a transition layer material with a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of a monocrystalline silicon material is used on an artificial sapphire substrate (the material is in a range of-100 ℃, the thermal expansion coefficient is between 1.2 and 2.7X10-6/K), the transition layer material is subjected to a plastic sealing process, the adhesion of the transition layer material is improved, and finally an integrated stress sensitive structure with higher stability is formed, and a temperature compensation circuit is provided for the pressure sensor by considering the influence of temperature change on pressure measurement (the temperature compensation algorithm of the pressure sensor is shown in a calculation manual).
The pH detection mechanism 3 comprises a sealing barrel 31, an end cover 32, a pH watertight plug connector 33, a pH probe 34, a pH protective cover 35 and a protective shell 36, wherein the end cover 32 is arranged at one end of the sealing barrel 31, the pH watertight plug connector 33 is externally arranged at the end cover 32, the pH probe 34 is arranged at the other end of the sealing barrel 31, support rods are arranged on two sides of the pH probe 34 and used for protecting the pH probe 34, the protective shell 36 is externally arranged on the support rods, the pH protective cover 35 is arranged at the end part of the protective shell 36, and the circuit board is arranged inside the sealing barrel.
The pH protective cover 35 and the support rod are used for protecting the pH probe 34 from being damaged, the pH protective cover and the support rod are connected by means of screws, and the support rod is fixed on the sealing cylinder 31 through threads. The pH probe 34 and the sealing barrel 31 are sealed in radial direction and are connected in a sealing manner by vulcanized rubber. The end cover 32 and the sealing barrel 31 are sealed by two radial and end surfaces, and are tightly pressed and fixed by two screws. The pH watertight plug 33 is sealed with an end face and is screwed to the end cap 32. The circuit board is fixed by adopting a screw fixing mode. The titanium alloy hollowed-out protective shell 36 is designed outside the support rod, so that the pH probe 34 is effectively protected while effective exchange of water is guaranteed.
The warm salt sealing deep sealing cylinder 24, the magnetic ring sealing seat 21, the sealing cylinder 31, the end cover 32, the pH protective cover 35 and the protective shell 36 are made of titanium alloy (alpha-beta titanium alloy TC 4) materials, and the alloy materials have good creep resistance, thermal stability, higher fatigue performance and excellent fracture toughness, are suitable for manufacturing various parts working in a wide temperature range from-196 ℃ to 450 ℃ and are widely applied in the aerospace industry. Because the pH value of the water is unknown, if the instrument is soaked in the water for a long time, the pH value of the water may affect the metal material of the outer shell, and additional substances are generated to cause the change of the measuring environment of the sensor, thereby affecting the measuring result. In order to solve the above problems, the housing needs to be treated with an environmentally friendly coating.
The nano coating based on Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has the characteristics of better corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high and low temperature deformation resistance, is resistant to various environments such as acid, alkali and the like, is almost insoluble in all solvents, has extremely low friction coefficient, can be used for a long time in the range of-200 to 260 ℃, has similar expansion coefficient with the low-temperature titanium alloy, and is an ideal outer coating. Considering that the surface of the titanium alloy is very smooth, the atomic gap is small. The method adopts a vapor deposition method to fully heat the TiO2 material to 500 ℃, deposits a coating with the thickness of 20nm on the surface of the titanium alloy material, simultaneously continues to deposit a silver coating with the thickness of 20nm on a polytetrafluoroethylene material with the thickness of 50nm, and then adopts the same method to finish the deposition of a polytetrafluoroethylene material with the thickness of 100nm, so that the preparation has the following advantages: tiO2 is used as the bottommost layer, and the atomic structure and the crystal phase of the TiO2 are very close to those of the titanium alloy, so that the TiO2 and the titanium alloy can be tightly combined, and falling off is avoided. Meanwhile, the nano silver layer material is deposited on the TiO2 layer, and can permeate in the polytetrafluoroethylene layer at the outermost layer as metal ions to form a polytetrafluoroethylene mixed coating containing silver ions, and the introduction of the silver ions can not only improve the firmness of polytetrafluoroethylene, but also improve the wear resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene mixed coating, so that the performance of the whole nano coating is improved. After the preparation of the three coatings is finished, high-temperature fire fading treatment at 1900 ℃ is needed, so that tight adhesion of the nano coating after the fire fading is finished is ensured.
The measurement of the pH probe 34 (pH sensor) is mainly performed by ion-exchanging a special glass film with the solution to be measured, and a certain potential is formed between the solution and the film, so that the measurement of the h+ ions in the form of a primary cell is formed. The probe is composed of two parts. Wherein, the measuring electrode is made of Ag/AgCl material, and the potential of the measuring electrode is related to the characteristic ion concentration. The reference electrode (Ag/AgCl) is directly inserted into a buffer HCl with a certain concentration, and is irrelevant to the H+ ion concentration of the solution to be tested. The relationship between pH and voltage satisfies the nernst equation:
the change slope of the electromotive force E is
Proportional relation with pH value, finally can obtain:
in the above, alpha H + Is the activity of hydrogen ions in the aqueous solution; r is a gas constant; f is Faraday constant; t is absolute temperature, E 0 The slope when calculated for the standard electrode potential pH is linear with temperature T and therefore the slope in the equation must be compensated (see the calculation manual for compensation algorithm). In addition, since the electromotive force generated on the pH measuring electrode is small, the maximum electromotive force is only several hundred mV, so for the pH value on-line monitoring sensor, the influence of drift of the amplifying circuit with time and temperature on the pH value must be considered when designing the signal amplifying and collecting circuit, so as to obtain the accurate pH value with repeatable result. Considering the high-pressure and low-temperature environments in the polar environment of the polar region, on the one hand, the voltage-withstanding property and the low-temperature-resisting property of the glass film need to be improved, and on the other hand, the sensitivity of the Ag/AgCl electrode to H+ ions needs to be improved. According to the scheme, silicate low-temperature glass is adopted as a film, and certain graphene material components are added, so that the low-temperature glass has better low-temperature resistance. Moreover, the cylindrical glass (diameter of 10 mm) has certain pressure resistance and torsion resistance, and is more suitable for working in a high-pressure environment. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and the response rate of the electrode to H+ ions can be improved by covering and processing the surface of an Ag/AgCl electrode (with the length of 25 mm) with ZnO nano material with the thickness of 100nm, so that the output voltage of the pH probe is improved.
Because the pH electrode has a larger output resistance, an amplifier with low bias current is selected as a front stage of the buffer to realize accurate pH measurement. After passing through the low leakage buffer stage, the signal is provided to the gain amplifying stage to realize higher resolution.
The performance test method for whether the multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment can normally work in a foreseeable polar environment comprises the following steps:
s1, low-temperature air storage test
When the system is exposed in the air, the system is subjected to the low temperature of-15 ℃, and the experiment mainly verifies whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally after being stored in the low-temperature air.
S11, testing the buffer solution (standard values are 9.18, 6.86 and 4 at room temperature) by the pH probe 34 at room temperature, determining that the buffer solution can work normally, recording the voltage value and the pH value, confirming that CTD works normally at room temperature, and measuring the CTD without abnormal values.
S12, removing the protective shell 36 by the pH probe 34, putting the protective shell and the CTD into a temperature control box, cooling to-15 ℃ according to the low-temperature storage test requirement, and keeping for 8 hours.
S13, after the temperature is restored to room temperature and stabilized, the pH probe 34 is taken out from the temperature control box and placed in a buffer solution, and the multi-parameter sensor is electrified for testing, so that 10 groups of measurement data can be normally output, namely, the test is judged to be qualified.
S2, storage test in low-temperature ice
If the power supply fails during the drilling process, a low temperature of-30 deg.c (ice layer temperature) is sustained before the power supply is restored. The experiment mainly verifies whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally after being stored in low-temperature ice.
S21, testing the buffer solution at room temperature by the pH probe 34, determining that the buffer solution can work normally, recording the voltage value and the pH value, confirming that CTD works normally at room temperature, and measuring the abnormal value.
S22, placing the multi-parameter sensor into a container, filling tap water, cooling to-30 ℃ according to the low-temperature storage test requirement, and keeping for 8 hours after stabilizing.
S23, after the temperature is restored to room temperature and stabilized, the pH probe 34 is taken out from the temperature control box and placed in a buffer solution, and the multi-parameter sensor is electrified for testing, so that 10 groups of measurement data can be normally output, namely, the test is judged to be qualified.
S3, polar region workflow test
Before the drilling system works, the multi-parameter sensor is exposed to the air at the temperature of minus 15 ℃, is soaked in the melt water at the temperature of 0-20 ℃ after drilling is started, and is quickly cooled to the temperature of minus 5-0 ℃ when reaching the under-ice lake, and the working is started after the temperature is stable. The experiment simulates a field work flow and mainly verifies whether the multi-parameter sensor can meet project requirements after the temperature is changed severely.
S31, the pH probe 34 tests the buffer solution (9,6,4) at room temperature, determines that the buffer solution can work normally, records the voltage value and the pH value, confirms that the CTD works normally at room temperature, and measures no abnormal value.
S32, removing the protective shell 36 by the pH probe 34, putting the protective shell and the CTD into a temperature control box, cooling to-15 ℃ according to the low-temperature storage test requirement, and keeping for 2 hours.
S33, filling tap water in the container, controlling the temperature to 20 ℃, taking out the multi-parameter sensor, rapidly putting the multi-parameter sensor into the container, and keeping the multi-parameter sensor for 2 hours.
S34, taking out the container and the multi-parameter sensor, cooling the temperature control box to-2 ℃, placing the buffer solution into the temperature control box, waiting for temperature balance, placing the pH probe 34 into the test buffer solution, placing the CTD into the temperature control box, continuously working for 2 hours, and recording the measurement data of the whole process.
And S35, the multi-parameter sensor can normally output measurement data, namely, the multi-parameter sensor is judged to be qualified.
S4, low-temperature high-pressure test
The prior research data show that the temperature of the lake water under ice is between 5 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃ and the background pressure of 5Mpa can exist. The experiment simulates the field working environment and mainly verifies whether the multi-parameter sensor can normally work in a low-temperature high-pressure environment.
S41, testing a standard buffer solution (standard value 6.86 at room temperature) at room temperature by a pH sensor, determining that the buffer solution can work normally, recording 10 groups of pH values, confirming that CTD works normally at room temperature, and recording 10 groups of measured values.
S42, controlling the temperature of the variable-temperature pressure tank to-5 ℃, putting the multi-parameter sensor into the pressure tank, continuously working for 2 hours, and recording measurement data of the whole process.
S43, pressurizing the variable-temperature pressure tank to 30Mpa, controlling the temperature to-5 ℃ and continuously working for 2 hours, and recording measurement data of the whole process.
S44, the multi-parameter sensor can normally output measurement data, namely, the multi-parameter sensor is judged to be qualified.
The verification method of the multi-parameter sensor suitable for the underwater low temperature can verify whether the multi-parameter sensor can normally work in a polar environment, and ensure the measurement performance of the multi-parameter sensor in actual work.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. Multi-parameter sensor suitable for low temperature high pressure environment under water, its characterized in that: the device comprises a base, a warm salt depth detection mechanism, a pH detection mechanism, a fixing rod and a fixing piece, wherein the warm salt depth detection mechanism and the pH detection mechanisms are connected to the base through the fixing rod, the pH detection mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the warm salt depth detection mechanism, and the warm salt depth detection mechanism is connected to the pH detection mechanism through the fixing piece;
the fixing piece comprises a fixing frame body, the fixing piece is of an axisymmetric structure, the fixing frame body is of a Y-shaped structure, the upper part of the fixing frame body is arc-shaped, a warm salt deep detection mechanism is surrounded in the arc, a warm salt deep fixing frame is arranged above the fixing frame body, the warm salt deep fixing frame, the fixing frame body and the base are used for limiting and fixing the warm salt deep detection mechanism together, two sides of the fixing frame body are provided with pH fixing frames in a distributed mode, a through hole is formed in each pH fixing frame, the pH detection mechanism is fixedly sleeved in each through hole, and the fixing frame body and the lower part of each pH fixing frame are connected to the base through fixing rods;
the temperature and salt depth detection mechanism comprises two sets of temperature and salt depth probes and a temperature and salt depth sealing barrel, the bottoms of the temperature and salt depth sealing barrels are respectively connected to a magnetic ring sealing seat through a connecting pipe, the magnetic ring sealing seats are fixedly connected to a base, a set of induction type conductivity probes are packaged in each magnetic ring sealing seat, one temperature probe is installed on the lower side of each magnetic ring sealing seat, a temperature and salt depth end cover is installed above the temperature and salt depth sealing barrel in a sealing mode, a temperature and salt depth sealing plug connector is installed above the temperature and salt depth end cover in a sealing mode, a circuit board and pressure probes are installed inside the temperature and salt depth sealing barrel, the two pressure probes are located at the bottoms of the temperature and salt sealing barrels and are used for measuring lake water pressure, and the temperature probes, the conductivity probes and the pressure probes are all connected to the circuit board through signals;
the pH detection mechanism comprises a sealing cylinder, an end cover is arranged at one end of the sealing cylinder, a pH watertight plug connector is arranged at the other end of the end cover, a pH probe is arranged at the other end of the sealing cylinder, supporting rods are arranged on two sides of the pH probe, a protective shell is arranged outside the supporting rods, a pH protective cover is arranged at the end part of the protective shell, and a circuit board is arranged inside the sealing cylinder.
2. The multi-parameter sensor adapted for use in an underwater low temperature high pressure environment of claim 1, wherein: the inside of the instrument is provided with two sets of measuring circuits which are redundant backups, when in actual work, one set of measuring circuits is started to work, and if the work is abnormal, the other set of measuring circuits is started to measure and store data.
3. The multi-parameter sensor adapted for use in an underwater low temperature high pressure environment of claim 1, wherein: the pressure probe adopts a stress cup structure, the stress cup is manufactured by adopting a full sapphire crystal, the sealing of the stress cup and the titanium alloy base is realized through an electrostatic sealing process, and the packaging of the stress cup and the titanium alloy shell is realized through a plasma welding process.
4. The multi-parameter sensor adapted for use in an underwater low temperature high pressure environment of claim 1, wherein: the protective housing is titanium alloy fretwork protective housing.
5. The multi-parameter sensor adapted for use in an underwater low temperature high pressure environment of claim 1, wherein: the warm salt deep sealing cylinder, the magnetic ring sealing seat, the magnetic ring sealing cover, the sealing cylinder, the pH protective cover and the protective shell are all made of titanium alloy, and the outer shell of the titanium alloy is coated with an environment-friendly coating.
6. The multi-parameter sensor adapted for use in an underwater low temperature high pressure environment of claim 5, wherein: the environment-friendly coating is based on polytetrafluoroethylene materials, then a vapor deposition method is adopted to fully heat the TiO2 materials to 500 ℃, a coating with the thickness of 20nm is deposited on the surface of the titanium alloy materials, the deposition of a nano silver layer material is carried out on the TiO2 layer, meanwhile, a silver coating with the thickness of 20nm is continuously deposited on the polytetrafluoroethylene materials with the thickness of 50nm, then 100nm polytetrafluoroethylene material deposition is completed again by adopting the same method, and after the preparation of the three coatings of the TiO2 layer, the nano silver layer and the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is completed, high-temperature fire fading treatment at 1900 ℃ is required, so that the tight adhesion of the nano coating after fire fading is completed is ensured.
7. The method for testing a multiparameter sensor suitable for use in an underwater low-temperature high-pressure environment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, low-temperature air storage test
When the system is exposed in the air, the system is subjected to the low temperature of minus 60 ℃, and whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally after being stored in the low-temperature air is verified;
s2, storage test in low-temperature ice
If power supply fails in the drilling process, the low temperature of minus 30 ℃ in ice is born before the power supply is recovered; verifying whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally after being stored in low-temperature ice;
s3, polar region workflow test
Before the drilling system works, the multi-parameter sensor is exposed to the air at the temperature of minus 15 ℃, is soaked in the molten water at the temperature of 0-20 ℃ after drilling is started, is quickly cooled to the temperature of minus 5-0 ℃ when reaching the under-ice lake, and works after the temperature is stable;
s4, low-temperature high-pressure test
The test simulates the field working environment, and verifies whether the multi-parameter sensor can work normally in a low-temperature high-pressure environment.
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