CN114635455A - Foundation trench backfill construction method for protecting basement outer wall waterproof layer - Google Patents
Foundation trench backfill construction method for protecting basement outer wall waterproof layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114635455A CN114635455A CN202210552702.5A CN202210552702A CN114635455A CN 114635455 A CN114635455 A CN 114635455A CN 202210552702 A CN202210552702 A CN 202210552702A CN 114635455 A CN114635455 A CN 114635455A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
- E02D31/025—Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0006—Plastics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0006—Plastics
- E02D2300/0017—Plastics thermoplastic
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2450/00—Gaskets
- E02D2450/10—Membranes
- E02D2450/105—Membranes impermeable
- E02D2450/106—Membranes impermeable for liquids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a foundation trench backfill construction method for protecting a waterproof layer of an outer wall of a basement, and relates to the technical field of foundation trench backfill construction of the outer wall of the basement. According to the invention, two layers of plastic cloth are laid between the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the basement outer wall and the waterproof protective layer polystyrene board, the first layer of plastic cloth is flatly adhered outside the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the basement outer wall, and the second layer of plastic cloth is provided with folds and wrapped and covered between the first layer of plastic cloth and the extruded polystyrene board; the backfill soil sinks to drive the polystyrene board to move downwards in the process of foundation pit backfilling, rolling and tamping, the friction force between the plastic cloths is small, and the second layer of plastic cloth reserves the expansion amount of wrinkles, so that when the polystyrene board moves downwards, the relative movement between the polystyrene board and the second layer of plastic cloth is small, mainly the second layer of plastic cloth and the first layer of plastic cloth slide relatively, the wrinkles are reserved in a stretching mode, the surface of the waterproof layer of the coiled material is prevented from rubbing, the effect of reducing resistance and lubricating is achieved, the waterproof layer of the coiled material is effectively prevented from being torn, and the effect of preventing the outer wall of the basement from leaking is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of basement outer wall foundation groove backfill construction, in particular to a foundation groove backfill construction method for protecting a basement outer wall waterproof layer.
Background
In high-rise buildings, the leakage of the outer wall of the basement is a frequent quality accident, and the reason is that stones, concrete slag and the like are doped in backfill soil of the outer wall of the basement in backfill construction, and besides, construction personnel is not standard, and a waterproof protective layer is unqualified in laying, so that sharp article edges and corners cut the waterproof layer to cause leakage. The back filling soil may have insufficient tamping compactness, or the back filling soil may be unevenly settled due to the adulteration of the back filling soil, the rain and the snow, and the like, so that the waterproof layer is torn to cause leakage, and the leakage of the whole outer wall of the basement is caused by the above reasons.
The traditional basement outer wall waterproof protective layer is generally paved and pasted by adopting an extruded polystyrene board or is thinly plastered to be used as waterproof protection. In the backfilling process, because the construction of operators is not standard, sharp objects are doped in the backfilled soil, and the waterproof layer is exposed because the polystyrene board falls off due to the collision of the backfilled soil in the backfilling construction, so that the waterproof layer is easy to damage. When construction management is strict, a constructor can lay the polystyrene boards and tamp backfill at the same time in the backfill process of the outer wall of the basement to prevent the polystyrene boards from falling off, but backfill thickness, compactness and the like of the backfill are difficult to control, and in addition, the backfill is also subjected to uneven settlement friction to tear the waterproof layer due to backfill soil quality, rain, snow and the like in the later period. The problem of basement outer wall leakage is difficult to avoid no matter the waterproof layer is damaged by backfilling the foundation groove of the basement outer wall in the early stage or the waterproof layer is torn by uneven settlement of backfilled soil in the later stage. Therefore, how to complete the backfill of the basement outer wall foundation trench and protect the waterproof layer without damaging the waterproof layer and finally ensure that the basement outer wall does not leak becomes a technical problem to be urgently solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a foundation trench backfill construction method for protecting a basement exterior wall waterproof layer, and aims to solve the technical problems that the waterproof layer is easy to damage, the backfill quality is difficult to control, the construction difficulty is high, the waterproof layer protection effect is poor, the leakage is easy, the cost is high, and the potential safety hazard is large in basement exterior wall foundation trench backfill in a high-rise building.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
the foundation trench backfill construction method for protecting the waterproof layer of the basement exterior wall comprises the following steps of:
step one, basement exterior wall waterproof layer construction is carried out: firstly, performing basement treatment on a basement foundation bottom plate and the outer side of a basement outer wall, and then paving waterproof rolls of the basement outer wall and a basement top plate to the top along the basement foundation bottom plate;
uniformly sticking first plastic cloth on the outer surface of the waterproof coiled material layer of the basement outer wall, and flatly sticking the first plastic cloth on the basement outer wall on the surface of the waterproof coiled material;
step three, applying a second layer of plastic cloth on the outer surface of the first layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the basement, and deliberately reserving folds and bags as the stretching amount when the second layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the basement is applied;
fourthly, a polystyrene board is laid upwards from the bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the basement, and the polystyrene board is covered and attached to the outer side of the second layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the basement in a whole block mode;
uniformly backfilling the space between the polystyrene board and the side wall of the foundation pit by using backfill soil, backfilling upwards in layers by using a basement foundation bottom plate, and compacting in layers by rolling;
step six, when backfilling is carried out until the height reaches the upper part of the polystyrene board, continuously paving the polystyrene board upwards on the upper edge of the polystyrene board at the lower part, continuously backfilling the backfilled soil, and squeezing the polystyrene board;
and step seven, repeating the operation of the step six until the top position of the basement outer wall, sequentially rolling the roller of the first layer of plastic cloth and the roller of the second layer of plastic cloth, sequentially spreading the first layer of plastic cloth and the second layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the basement top plate, deliberately reserving folds and lifting the first layer of plastic cloth and the second layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the basement top plate to be used as the stretching amount, and then pouring the concrete waterproof protective layer of the basement top plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention lays two layers of plastic cloth between the waterproof layer of the basement outer wall coiled material and the waterproof protective layer extruded polystyrene board, the first layer of plastic cloth is flatly pasted on the waterproof layer of the basement outer wall coiled material, the second layer of plastic cloth is provided with folds and is wrapped and covered between the first layer of plastic cloth and the extruded polystyrene board at the basement outer wall, when the foundation pit is backfilled, the backfill soil extrudes the polystyrene board to prevent the polystyrene board from falling off, the backfill soil sinks to drive the polystyrene board to move downwards in the rolling and tamping process, and the folds with expansion amount are reserved on the second layer of plastic cloth at the basement outer wall, so when the polystyrene board moves downwards, the relative movement between the polystyrene board and the second layer of plastic cloth at the basement outer wall is small, mainly the second layer of plastic cloth at the basement outer wall and the first layer of plastic cloth at the basement outer wall slide relatively, the folds are reserved by stretching, and the friction on the surface of the waterproof layer of the basement is avoided, the effects of resistance reduction and lubrication are achieved; even after the wrinkles stretch out, the friction force between the two layers of plastic cloth is also obviously smaller than the friction force between other layers, so that the two layers of plastic cloth still slide relatively, the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the basement outer wall is effectively prevented from being torn, and the effect of preventing the basement outer wall from leaking is achieved.
And further, uniformly sticking double-faced adhesive tapes on the surface of the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the outer wall of the basement in the second step, pulling the first layer of plastic cloth roller to roll upwards along the bottom of the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the outer wall of the basement, flatly sticking the first layer of plastic cloth on the outer surface of the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the outer wall of the basement, and temporarily fixing the first layer of plastic roller on the top plate of the basement.
Further, in the third step, a second layer of plastic cloth rolling roller is used to roll upwards from the bottom of the first layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement, the second layer of plastic cloth is covered on the outer surface of the first layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement, folds and bags are intentionally left on the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement, and the second layer of plastic cloth rolling roller is temporarily fixed on the top plate of the basement; and a part of the bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement is reserved and pressed below the polystyrene board and the backfill soil, so that the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement is fixed.
And further, in the fourth step, the polystyrene board is laid from the bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement, the position 1-2 m from the bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement is fully laid, backfilling operation is carried out, the backfilling soil extrudes the polystyrene board in the backfilling process, the backfilling soil sinks to drive the polystyrene board to sink, the polystyrene board drives the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement and the first layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement to form relative sliding, and the reserved wrinkles are opened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a foundation trench backfill structure of a basement exterior wall waterproof layer according to an embodiment of the invention;
labeled as: 1. a foundation slab; 2. a basement exterior wall; 3. a waterproof layer of coiled material; 4. pasting the two sides; 5. a first layer of plastic cloth; 6. a second layer of plastic cloth; 7. a polystyrene board; 8. backfilling; 9. the side wall of the foundation pit; 10. a first layer of plastic cloth winding roller; 11. and a second layer of plastic cloth roller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in figure 1, the foundation trench backfill construction method for protecting the waterproof layer of the basement exterior wall provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, after concrete pouring of the basement main body structure of the high-rise building is completed and the age and the strength reach design requirements, starting to construct a waterproof layer of the basement outer wall 2: firstly, performing basement treatment on the outer sides of a basement foundation bottom plate 1 and a basement outer wall 2 to ensure that the water content and the flatness of the basement foundation bottom plate meet the standard requirements; and then, the coiled material waterproof layer 3 of the basement outer wall 2 and the basement top plate is paved upwards along the bottom of the basement outer wall 2.
Step two, paste two-sided 4 of pasting evenly (from top to bottom, control interval 500 mm) at the 3 outer surfaces of coiled material waterproof layer of basement outer wall 2, then the manual work is pulling first layer plastic cloth winding up roller 10 and upwards rotates along 3 bottoms of coiled material waterproof layer, flatten first layer plastic cloth 5 and expand, and paste firmly through two-sided 4 of pasting with coiled material waterproof layer 3 of basement outer wall 2, guarantee that first layer plastic cloth 5 and 1 side of foundation slab and 3 smooth subsides of coiled material waterproof layer of basement outer wall 2, there is not the fold, play phenomenons such as package, and fix first layer plastic cloth winding up roller 10 on basement roof upper surface temporarily, prevent to drop.
And step three, manually pulling a second layer of plastic cloth winding roller 11 to upwards rotate along the bottom of the first layer of plastic cloth 5, completely covering the second layer of plastic cloth 6 on the outer surface of the first layer of plastic cloth 5 at the outer wall 2 of the basement, and intentionally reserving a plurality of folds, bags and other stretching amounts for the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the outer wall 2 of the basement when the polystyrene board 7 sinks so that the second layer of plastic cloth 6 and the first layer of plastic cloth 5 at the outer wall 2 of the basement can slide relatively and cannot be torn. The second layer of plastic cloth roller 11 is fixed on the top plate of the basement to prevent falling. The second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the outer wall 2 of the basement and the first layer of plastic cloth 5 at the outer wall 2 of the basement are not adhered, and only are adjacent.
And step four, the extruded polystyrene board 7 of the waterproof protective layer is close to one piece and completely covers the outer side of the second layer of plastic cloth 6, so that the bottom leakage phenomenon does not exist. The bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the outer wall 2 of the basement is reserved with a part which is pressed under the polystyrene board 7 and the backfill soil 8 and is used for fixing the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the outer wall 2 of the basement.
And step five, fully paving the extruded polystyrene board 7 at the position 1-2 m high from the bottom of the basement exterior wall 2, selecting backfill soil 8 meeting the drawing and specification requirements, and uniformly backfilling a gap between the outer wall of the extruded polystyrene board 7 and the side wall 9 of the foundation pit. During backfilling, the bottom of the basement outer wall 2 is backfilled upwards in a layered mode, and rolling and tamping are conducted in a layered mode, so that the compactness and the compactness of the basement outer wall meet the design and specification requirements.
And step six, backfilling upwards in a layered mode along with the backfilling soil 8 until the backfilling height is about to reach the upper edge position of the polystyrene board 7, continuously installing the polystyrene board 7 with the height of 1-2 m upwards attached to the edge of the previous polystyrene board 7, then backfilling the backfilling soil 8, squeezing the polystyrene board 7, and preventing the polystyrene board 7 from falling off. The polystyrene board 7 can play a role of a real protective layer, and the polystyrene board 7 is used for effectively preventing sharp objects such as stones, concrete slag and the like doped into the backfill soil 8 from scratching the waterproof layer due to edges and corners in construction.
And step seven, repeating the operation of the step six until the top plate of the basement is backfilled. Then, the first layer of plastic cloth winding roller 10 and the second layer of plastic cloth winding roller 11 are sequentially rolled to flatly spread the first layer of plastic cloth 5 and the second layer of plastic cloth 6 on the upper surface of the waterproof layer of the basement roof coiled material, and the two layers of plastic cloth on the basement roof are provided with stretching amounts such as folds, bags and the like deliberately. After the second layer of plastic cloth 6 of basement roof department covered the completion, carry out basement roof concrete water proof layer and pour the operation, concrete water proof layer can produce the shrink deformation in curing process, and concrete water proof layer drives the second layer of plastic cloth 6 of basement roof department and slides, through two-layer plastic cloth relative slip on the basement roof, effectively avoids the coiled material waterproof layer of basement roof to be pulled and splits.
After construction is finished, the backfill soil 8 is not enough in compaction density due to human factors, the backfill soil 8 is unevenly settled due to impurity filling, rain and snow and the like, and the backfill soil 8 drives the extruded polystyrene board 7 to sink and relatively slide, at the moment, the friction force between the first layer of plastic cloth 5 and the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the outer wall 2 of the basement is obviously smaller than that between other layers, so that the first layer of plastic cloth 5 at the outer wall 2 of the basement and the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the outer wall 2 of the basement generate relative sliding, the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the outer wall 2 of the basement has stretching amount, and when the two layers of plastic cloth at the outer wall 2 of the basement generate relative sliding, the reserved folds are stretched flat and no tearing occurs; even after the wrinkles of the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the basement outer wall 2 stretch out flatly, the friction between the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the basement outer wall 2 and the first layer of plastic cloth 5 at the basement outer wall 2 and between the polystyrene boards 7 are small, the friction between the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the basement outer wall 2 and the first layer of plastic cloth 5 at the basement outer wall 2 and between the second layer of plastic cloth 6 at the basement outer wall 2 and the polystyrene boards 7 can slide relatively, the friction on the surface of the coiled material waterproof layer 3 at the basement outer wall 2 is avoided, the anti-drag lubricating effect is really achieved, the coiled material waterproof layer 3 at the basement outer wall 2 can be effectively prevented from being torn, and the effect of preventing the seepage of the basement outer wall is achieved.
The invention relates to a basement foundation ditch backfilling comprehensive construction method which can ensure the backfilling quality of a basement outer wall foundation ditch, protect a waterproof layer and ensure that the basement outer wall does not leak, and has the following advantages: (1) the construction is convenient and fast, and the construction effect is good; (2) the process is reasonable, and the quality is easy to control; (3) the construction speed is high, and the construction period is shortened; (4) the repair probability is reduced, and the construction cost is low; (5) repeated installation of the protective layer is reduced, and the efficiency is high; (6) flexible, changeable, safe and fast; (7) the construction has no potential safety hazard, reduces the leakage probability and reduces the potential safety hazard of leakage.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned list is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and naturally those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the present invention, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention provided they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A foundation trench backfill construction method for protecting a waterproof layer of an outer wall of a basement is carried out according to the following steps:
step one, basement exterior wall waterproof layer construction is carried out: firstly, performing basement treatment on a basement foundation bottom plate and the outer side of a basement outer wall, and then paving waterproof rolls of the basement outer wall and a basement top plate to the top along the basement foundation bottom plate;
the method is characterized in that:
step two, uniformly sticking first plastic cloth on the outer surface of the waterproof coiled material layer of the outer wall of the basement, wherein the first plastic cloth on the outer wall of the basement is flatly stuck on the surface of the waterproof coiled material;
step three, applying a second layer of plastic cloth on the outer surface of the first layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the basement, and deliberately reserving wrinkles and bags as the stretching amount when the second layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the basement is applied;
fourthly, a polystyrene board is laid upwards from the bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement, and the polystyrene board is covered and attached to the outer side of the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement in a whole block manner;
uniformly backfilling the space between the polystyrene board and the side wall of the foundation pit by using backfill soil, backfilling upwards in layers by using a basement foundation bottom plate, and compacting in layers by rolling;
step six, when backfilling is carried out until the height reaches the upper part of the polystyrene board, continuously paving the polystyrene board upwards on the upper edge of the polystyrene board at the lower part, continuously backfilling the backfilled soil, and squeezing the polystyrene board;
and step seven, repeating the operation of the step six until the top position of the basement outer wall, sequentially rolling the roller of the first layer of plastic cloth and the roller of the second layer of plastic cloth, sequentially spreading the first layer of plastic cloth and the second layer of plastic cloth on the outer wall of the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the basement top plate, deliberately reserving folds and lifting the first layer of plastic cloth and the second layer of plastic cloth on the outer side of the basement top plate to be used as the stretching amount, and then pouring the concrete waterproof protective layer of the basement top plate.
2. The backfill construction method for the foundation trench used for protecting the waterproof layer of the basement exterior wall according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the second step, double faced adhesive tapes are uniformly pasted on the surface of the waterproof layer of the coiled material of the basement exterior wall, the first layer of plastic cloth roller is pulled to roll upwards along the bottom of the waterproof layer of the coiled material, the first layer of plastic cloth is pasted on the outer surface of the waterproof layer of the coiled material flatly, and the first layer of plastic roller is temporarily fixed on the top plate of the basement.
3. The foundation trench backfill construction method for protecting the waterproof layer of the basement exterior wall according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the third step, a second layer of plastic cloth rolling roller is used to roll upwards from the bottom of the first layer of plastic cloth at the basement exterior wall, the second layer of plastic cloth is covered on the outer surface of the first layer of plastic cloth at the basement exterior wall, the second layer of plastic cloth at the basement exterior wall is deliberately creased and wrapped, and the second layer of plastic cloth rolling roller is temporarily fixed on the basement top plate; and a part of the reserved bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement is pressed below the polystyrene board and the backfill soil and used for fixing the second layer of plastic cloth at the outer wall of the basement.
4. The foundation trench backfilling construction method for protecting the waterproof layer of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein the polyphenyl board is laid from the bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth on the basement exterior wall in the fourth step, the second layer of plastic cloth on the basement exterior wall is fully laid at a position 1-2 m away from the bottom of the second layer of plastic cloth on the basement exterior wall, backfilling operation is carried out, backfilling soil extrudes the polyphenyl board in the backfilling process, the backfilling soil sinks to drive the polyphenyl board to sink, the polyphenyl board drives the second layer of plastic cloth on the basement exterior wall to slide relative to the first layer of plastic cloth on the basement exterior wall, and reserved folds are opened.
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Cited By (1)
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CN114960342A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-08-30 | 河南绿岩工程科技有限公司 | Road curb filling structure and construction method |
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