CN114635087A - Special iron-based alloy powder and method for repairing threads on surface of shaft steel part - Google Patents

Special iron-based alloy powder and method for repairing threads on surface of shaft steel part Download PDF

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CN114635087A
CN114635087A CN202210269206.9A CN202210269206A CN114635087A CN 114635087 A CN114635087 A CN 114635087A CN 202210269206 A CN202210269206 A CN 202210269206A CN 114635087 A CN114635087 A CN 114635087A
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percent
powder
laser
shaft
repairing
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邱长军
李育森
陈勇
朱红梅
李胜
申龙章
伍文星
喻佳臣
贺超
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University of South China
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University of South China
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0896—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid particle transport, separation: process and apparatus

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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Abstract

An iron-based alloy powder special for repairing threads on the surface of a shaft-type steel part and a method thereof relate to the technical field of laser additive repair and remanufacture. The material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.09%; cr: 16.5 percent; ni: 3.5 percent; mn: 0.8 percent; si: 0.8 percent; nb: 0.2 percent; cu: 3.4 percent; mo: 0.13 percent; n: 0.08 percent; the balance being Fe. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing an alloy mixture; atomizing to prepare powder; sieving the powder; the method for repairing the surface threads of the shaft steel parts comprises the following steps: turning and removing damage; pretreating a base material; and (5) laser material increase. The laser additive repairing method is suitable for laser additive repairing of the worn thread of the surface of the high-strength medium-carbon shaft steel part, and has a wide industrial application prospect. The laser additive sample has high tensile strength, high impact toughness value, high elongation, moderate microhardness and good thread cutting performance.

Description

Special iron-based alloy powder and method for repairing threads on surface of shaft steel part
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser additive repair and remanufacture, in particular to iron-based alloy powder special for repairing threads on the surfaces of shaft steel parts and a method.
Background
The thread parts are common parts in the mechanical production and assembly process, mainly play a role in fixing and connecting, are very various and have the styles of sleeve thread parts, shaft thread parts, arc thread parts, cone thread parts and the like. The shaft threaded part is widely applied to mechanical equipment in industries such as machine tools, automobiles, agricultural machinery and engineering machinery, but the whole part is scrapped due to the fact that the sliding threads or the dislocation of local threads on the surface of the shaft threaded part is caused in the operation process, so that the production cost is increased.
At present, a build-up welding repair method is mainly adopted for repairing the shaft threaded part, but the build-up welding repair method has the defects of reduced matrix strength, unstable repair quality, poor bonding performance, complex process technical requirements and the like, and is difficult to meet the requirement of long-term stable work after the shaft threaded part is repaired.
Laser additive remanufacturing technology is a new technology which is emerging in recent years, is applied to the fields of aviation, national defense, traffic, metallurgy, mining and the like at present, has the characteristics of flexibility, easiness in realizing intellectualization, short production period and the like compared with the traditional manufacturing technology, and receives more and more attention. However, the laser additive remanufacturing technology is not applied to the repair of the shaft threaded part at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the surface threads of the shaft-type steel parts and the method thereof, and solves the problems of matrix strength reduction, unstable repairing quality, poor bonding performance and complex process technical requirements of the traditional surfacing repair method for the shaft-type threaded parts.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.12%; cr: 15-17%; ni: 3-4%; mn: 0.7-1%; si: 0.7-1%; nb: 0.15-0.25%; cu: 2.5-3.5%; mo: 0.1-0.2%; n: 0.06-0.12%; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.09%; cr: 16.5 percent; ni: 3.5 percent; mn: 0.8 percent; si: 0.8 percent; nb: 0.2 percent; cu: 3.4 percent; mo: 0.13 percent; n: 0.08 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance of Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08%; cr: 15 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance of Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance of Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surface of the shaft-type steel part comprises the following steps:
s01, preparing an alloy mixture: selecting intermediate alloys of iron carbon, iron chromium, nickel chromium, iron manganese, iron silicon, iron niobium, iron copper and iron molybdenum according to the mass percent of the elements and the elements contained in the alloy powder to prepare an alloy mixture;
s02, atomizing to prepare powder: smelting an alloy mixture into alloy liquid with qualified components by using a vacuum induction furnace, injecting the alloy liquid into a tundish of a vacuum atomization powder making device, enabling the alloy liquid to flow out of a hole at the bottom of the tundish, contacting with high-purity nitrogen gas to be atomized into fine droplets when passing through an atomization cladding nozzle of the vacuum atomization powder making device, and fixedly dissolving nitrogen elements in the droplets, and quickly solidifying the nitrided droplets into iron-based alloy powder in an atomization cylinder of the vacuum atomization device;
s03: sieving powder: and (3) sieving the iron-based alloy powder through a sieve of-80-320 meshes to obtain the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft steel parts.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the step S01, the mass percent of harmful element P in the alloy mixture is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.05 percent and the mass percent of harmful element S is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.05 percent by selecting the intermediate alloy with certain purity.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: in the step S02, the high-purity nitrogen is nitrogen with the purity of not less than 99.999 percent.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for repairing the surface threads of the shaft-type steel parts is applied to the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the surface threads of the shaft-type steel parts, and comprises the following steps:
s01, turning and removing loss: turning the shaft steel part with damaged surface threads in a rotary mode until the shaft steel part is not damaged, wherein the turning range comprises a thread damaged section, and the turned shaft steel part is called as a base material;
s02, pretreatment of the base material: removing an oxide layer on the surface of a base material by using a grinding machine, then putting the base material into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface oil stains, and then putting the base material into a vacuum drying oven for drying treatment for subsequent use;
s03, laser additive:
a. setting the following parameters in the laser additive system: the laser wavelength is 1064-1080 nm, the laser focal length is 200mm, the defocusing amount is 25mm, and the laser energy density is 38996-53078W/cm2The laser scanning speed is 6-10 mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 4.33g/min, the lap joint coefficient is 0.45-0.5, the flow of protective gas is 7.4-7.6L/min, the flow of powder feeding gas is 9.9-10.1L/min, and the protective gas and the powder feeding gas are both high-purity nitrogen;
b. taking out the substrate from the vacuum drying box, installing the substrate on a three-jaw chuck, determining a laser scanning track according to the turning range of the substrate, and finally respectively adjusting a cladding nozzle and a laser to move to positions corresponding to the initial position of the scanning track;
c. adding special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts into a powder feeder;
d. starting a laser additive system, wherein on one hand, a laser generator emits laser to the surface of the substrate and forms a molten pool on the surface of the substrate; on the other hand, the powder feeder feeds powder to the powder nozzle through the gas pipeline, and the powder nozzle feeds powder to the molten pool in a coaxial powder feeding or lateral powder feeding mode; on the other hand, the three-jaw chuck drives the base material to rotate at a constant speed along the central axis of the base material; uniformly adding iron-based alloy powder special for repairing the threads on the surface of the shaft-type steel part on a base material through the synergistic action of a laser, a powder feeder, a powder nozzle and a three-jaw chuck;
in the step, the laser material increase system comprises a powder feeding device, a laser and a working platform; the powder feeding device comprises a powder feeder and a powder nozzle, and the powder feeder is communicated with the powder nozzle through a gas pipeline; the laser comprises a laser generator, a laser controller and a power supply; the working platform is provided with a three-jaw chuck for clamping and fixing the shaft parts;
in the step, the steps a, b and c are not in sequence;
s04, machining and forming: and machining the threads meeting the technological parameter requirements by adopting a machining mode, namely finishing the repair of the threads on the surfaces of the shaft steel parts.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the step S03, when the step c is completed, the distance between the cladding nozzle and the base material is 5mm, and the laser emission direction of the laser is vertically downward.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: in the step S03, the high-purity nitrogen is nitrogen with the purity of not less than 99.999 percent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: and in the step S03, the unilateral machining allowance of the base material after laser material increase is not less than 0.6 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the method is suitable for laser additive repair of the worn thread sliding on the surface of the high-strength medium-carbon shaft steel part, and has wide industrial application prospect. The laser additive sample has high tensile strength, high impact toughness value, high elongation, moderate microhardness and good thread cutting performance. After repair, on one hand, heat treatment is not needed, and on the other hand, the laser additive layer and the matrix (40CrNiMo) have good bonding performance.
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of a metallographic detection sample in a laser additive region;
FIG. 2 is an SEM structure phase diagram of a metallographic detection sample in a laser additive region;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure diagram of a metallographic detection sample in a bonding region;
FIG. 4 is a SEM structural phase diagram of a metallographic detection sample in a binding region;
FIG. 5 is a structural and dimensional diagram of a tensile test specimen;
FIG. 6 is a tensile fracture morphology plot (1000 times magnification) of a tensile test specimen;
FIG. 7 is a tensile fracture morphology (10000 times magnification) of a tensile test specimen;
FIG. 8 is a comparison of the tensile test specimens before and after stretching;
FIG. 9 is a stress-strain plot of a tensile test specimen;
FIG. 10 is an XRD analysis of tensile test specimens;
FIG. 11 is a microhardness distribution diagram of a hardness test sample along a radial direction of a cross section;
FIG. 12 is a bar graph of impact toughness for impact performance test specimens.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.12%; cr: 15-17%; ni: 3-4%; mn: 0.7-1%; si: 0.7-1%; nb: 0.15-0.25%; cu: 2.5-3.5%; mo: 0.1-0.2%; n: 0.06-0.12%; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 2:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.09%; cr: 16.5 percent; ni: 3.5 percent; mn: 0.8 percent; si: 0.8 percent; nb: 0.2 percent; cu: 3.4 percent; mo: 0.13 percent; n: 0.08%; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 3:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 4:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 5:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance of Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 6:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 7:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 8:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance of Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 9:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 10:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 11:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 12:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 13:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance of Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 14:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 15:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 16:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 17:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 18:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 19:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
Example 20:
the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
The effects of the elements in the alloy powder are as follows:
c: the C element with proper content can form solid solution tissues and carbide tissues, so that the wear resistance, hardness and strength of the material are improved;
cr: the Cr element with proper content can improve the corrosion resistance and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the material;
ni: on one hand, the appropriate content of Ni element can improve the mechanical property and corrosion resistance of the material, on the other hand, the Ni element is an austenitizing forming element, and in the process of laser cladding and rapid cooling, the Ni element can cause incomplete martensite phase transformation, so that martensite and a small amount of austenite coexist in a sample, and the toughness of the material is improved;
mn: the proper content of Mn can improve the passivation capability of the material and further improve the corrosion resistance of the material, but when the content of Mn is too high, the thermal conductivity of the material is sharply reduced, the linear expansion coefficient is increased, and large internal stress is easily formed during fast heating or fast cooling, so that the material is easy to crack, and meanwhile, the oxidation resistance is reduced;
si: si with proper content can form a stable protective film on the surface of the material so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the material;
nb: the Nb with proper content can form stable strong carbide so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the material;
cu: the appropriate content of Cu can improve the passivation capability of the material so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the material;
mo: the passivation capability of the material can be improved by the Mo with proper content, the passivation medium range of the material is enlarged, the passivation film containing Mo can be formed on the stainless steel containing Mo, and the passivation film containing Mo has high stability in a plurality of strong corrosion media and is not easy to dissolve;
n: the N element with proper content can increase the strength of a laser forming layer, inhibit carbide precipitation and strengthen the corrosion resistance of elements such as Cr, etc., but when the N content is too high, the N element is easy to precipitate, thereby causing air holes and reducing the corrosion resistance of grain boundaries.
The preparation method of the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surface of the shaft-type steel part comprises the following steps:
s01, preparing an alloy mixture: selecting intermediate alloys of iron carbon, iron chromium, nickel chromium, iron manganese, iron silicon, iron niobium, iron copper and iron molybdenum according to the elements contained in the alloy powder and the mass percent of each element to prepare an alloy mixture.
In the step, the mass percent of harmful element P and harmful element S in the alloy mixture is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.05% and less than or equal to 0.05% by selecting the intermediate alloy with certain purity.
S02, atomizing to prepare powder: the alloy mixture is smelted into alloy liquid with qualified components by a vacuum induction furnace, then the alloy liquid is injected into a tundish of a vacuum atomization powder making device, the alloy liquid flows out from the bottom of the tundish through holes, and is atomized into fine droplets by contacting with high-purity nitrogen when passing through an atomization cladding nozzle of the vacuum atomization powder making device, nitrogen elements are fixedly dissolved in the droplets, and the nitrided droplets are rapidly solidified into iron-based alloy powder in an atomization cylinder of the vacuum atomization device.
In the step, the high-purity nitrogen is nitrogen with the purity of not less than 99.999 percent.
S03: sieving powder: and (3) sieving the iron-based alloy powder through a sieve of-80-320 meshes to obtain the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft steel parts.
The method for repairing the surface threads of the shaft steel parts comprises the following steps:
s01, turning and removing loss: and turning the shaft steel part with the damaged surface thread in a rotary manner until the shaft steel part is not damaged, wherein the turning range comprises a thread damaged section, and the turned shaft steel part is called as a base material.
In the step, the turning range can occupy the axial full length of the shaft steel part to the maximum extent.
S02, pretreatment of the base material: removing an oxide layer on the surface of a base material by using a grinding machine, then putting the base material into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface oil stains, and then putting the base material into a vacuum drying oven for drying treatment for subsequent use.
S03, laser additive:
a. setting the following parameters in the laser additive system: the laser wavelength is 1064-1080 nm, the laser focal length is 200mm, the defocusing amount is 25mm, and the laser energy density is 38996-53078W/cm2The laser scanning speed is 6-10 mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 4.33g/min, the lap joint coefficient is 0.45-0.5, the flow of protective gas is 7.4-7.6L/min, the flow of powder feeding gas is 9.9-10.1L/min, and the protective gas and the powder feeding gas are both high-purity nitrogen;
b. taking out the substrate from the vacuum drying box, mounting the substrate on a three-jaw chuck, determining a laser scanning track according to the turning range of the substrate, and finally respectively adjusting a cladding nozzle and a laser to move to positions corresponding to the initial position of the scanning track;
c. adding special iron-based alloy powder for repairing threads on the surface of the shaft steel part into a powder feeder;
d. starting a laser additive system, wherein on one hand, a laser generator emits laser to the surface of the substrate and forms a molten pool on the surface of the substrate; on the other hand, the powder feeder feeds powder to the powder nozzle through the gas pipeline, and the powder nozzle feeds powder to the molten pool in a coaxial powder feeding or lateral powder feeding mode; on the other hand, the three-jaw chuck drives the base material to rotate at a constant speed along the central axis of the base material; through the synergistic action of a laser, a powder feeder, a powder nozzle and a three-jaw chuck, the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surface of the shaft steel part is uniformly added on the base material.
In the step, the laser material increase system comprises a powder feeding device, a laser and a working platform; the powder feeding device comprises a powder feeder and a powder nozzle, and the powder feeder is communicated with the powder nozzle through a gas pipeline; the laser comprises a laser generator, a laser controller and a power supply; the working platform is provided with a three-jaw chuck for clamping and fixing the shaft parts.
In the step, the steps a, b and c are not in sequence.
In the step c, when the step c is finished, the distance between the cladding nozzle and the base material is 5mm, and the laser emitting direction of the laser is vertically downward.
In this step, the high-purity nitrogen is nitrogen with a purity of not less than 99.999%.
In the step, the unilateral machining allowance of the base material after laser material increase is not less than 0.6 mm.
S04, machining and forming:
and machining the threads meeting the technological parameter requirements by adopting a machining mode, namely finishing the repair of the threads on the surfaces of the shaft steel parts.
The laser additive repairing method is suitable for laser additive repairing of the surface of the high-strength medium-carbon shaft steel part after the thread is worn due to sliding, and the laser additive sample is high in tensile strength, impact toughness value and elongation, moderate in microhardness and good in thread cutting performance. After repair, on one hand, heat treatment is not needed, and on the other hand, the laser additive layer and the matrix (40CrNiMo) have good bonding performance. The technical effects of the method are proved by combining gold phase structure detection, tensile test, microhardness detection, shear strength test and impact performance test.
And (3) metallographic structure detection:
metallographic structure detection is carried out on a laser additive area of the laser additive shaft steel part, and the metallographic structure detection can be visually seen by combining with figures 1-2, wherein the microstructure of the laser additive area is distributed in a random lath shape, and the laser additive area has obvious martensite characteristics, and indirectly proves that the laser additive shaft steel part has excellent strength and hardness.
Metallographic structure detection is carried out on a bonding area of the laser additive shaft type steel part, and a long strip is formed between the laser additive area and a matrix heat affected area and forms good metallurgical bonding with the laser additive area and the matrix (40CrNiMo) as can be seen visually in a combined graph of 3-4, so that the laser additive layer and the matrix (40CrNiMo) have good bonding performance.
And (3) tensile test:
the shaft-type steel part subjected to laser material increase is cut out to form a piece of material only containing the laser material increase part in a wire cutting mode, the cut-out material is made into a sample universal for a tensile test, and the shape and the size of the sample are shown in a figure 5. And (3) mounting the sample on a universal testing machine for WDW-20E materials, controlling the tensile speed to be 0.02mm/min, and carrying out a static tensile test on the sample until the sample is broken by pulling.
It can be seen visually in conjunction with fig. 6-7 that there are many pits at the tensile fracture, indicating that the laser-reinforced part has excellent toughness. It can be seen visually in connection with fig. 8 that there was significant necking at the stretch break and significant elongation in the specimen length, indicating that the laser-reinforced part had excellent ductility. A stress-strain curve graph is drawn based on the measurement result of a WDW-20E material universal testing machine, and referring to fig. 9, the average tensile strength of a sample is 1200 +/-50 MPa, the yield strength reaches 850-1000 MPa, and the elongation is more than 10%. XRD analysis of the stretched sample, as seen in FIG. 10, was conducted with the predominant body centered cubic martensite phase and a certain amount of carbide precipitates, and with higher strength.
And (3) microhardness detection:
the axial steel part (hereinafter referred to as a sample) for defining laser additive is in the radial direction along the matrix-transition region-laser additive region, and the section parallel to the radial direction is a cross section. Before detection, the cross section of the sample is polished by using sand paper and a polishing machine so as to avoid the influence of the surface roughness of the sample on the measurement of microhardness and ensure the accuracy of a detection result.
Hardness measurements were made in the radial direction of the cross section of the test specimen using a Vickers microhardness tester model HVS-1000 AV. The measurement parameters are as follows: loading load 200g, dwell time 10s, drilling 15 hardness test points in turn in the radial direction of the cross section of the sample, and the distance between each point is 200 um.
As can be seen from FIG. 11, the matrix (40CrNiMo) is located at a distance of-0.8 to 0mm from the bonding line, and the microhardness is 404 to 419 HV (average 412 HV). The bonding area and the heat affected area (i.e. the transition area) are 0-0.6 mm away from the bonding line, and the microhardness is 404-433 HV (average value 419 HV). The laser additive area is 0.6-1.8 mm away from the bonding line, and the microhardness is 370-387 HV (average value 373 HV). Therefore, the overall hardness value fluctuation of the transition area and the laser material increase area is small, which indicates that the structure is uniform and the quality is good. After the laser additive repair is carried out on the matrix (40CrNiMo), the microhardness of the laser additive area is about 90 percent of that of the matrix, the repair effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the cutting machining performance is good.
And (3) testing the shear strength:
a piece of material only comprising an additive part is cut out of a laser additive shaft-type steel part in a wire cutting mode, and a test sample is designed and manufactured according to GB/T8642-2002 (thermal spraying-tensile bonding strength). And (3) mounting the sample on a universal testing machine for WDW-20E materials, controlling the shearing speed to be 0.02mm/min, and respectively carrying out static shearing tests. The test results show that: the average shearing strength of the sample is 800 +/-50 MPa, and the repair requirement of the surface threads of the shaft steel parts can be fully met.
And (3) impact performance test:
a shaft-type steel part subjected to laser material increase is cut into a material only containing an increased material part in a wire cutting mode, the cut material is designed according to GB/T229-2020 (metal material-Charpy pendulum impact test) and three samples (55 x 10 x 5mm) with the same specification are manufactured, wherein two samples are not subjected to any heat treatment (original state), and the third sample is subjected to low-temperature tempering treatment at 210 ℃. And (3) performing an impact test on the sample by adopting a JB-300B semi-automatic impact tester.
As can be seen from FIG. 12, the impact toughness values of the two samples in the original state are 90J/cm2And 95J/cm2The impact toughness value of the sample subjected to low-temperature tempering treatment at 210 ℃ is 95J/cm2Therefore, the impact toughness of the sample is not greatly influenced by the low-temperature tempering heat treatment, namely, the repaired shaft steel part has better thermal stability when working under the low-temperature working condition.

Claims (10)

1. The special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.12%; cr: 15-17%; ni: 3-4%; mn: 0.7-1%; si: 0.7-1%; nb: 0.15-0.25%; cu: 2.5-3.5%; mo: 0.1-0.2%; n: 0.06-0.12%; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
2. The special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the surface threads of the shaft-type steel parts as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.09%; cr: 16.5 percent; ni: 3.5 percent; mn: 0.8 percent; si: 0.8 percent; nb: 0.2 percent; cu: 3.4 percent; mo: 0.13 percent; n: 0.08 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
3. The special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the surface threads of the shaft-type steel parts as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
4. The special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the surface threads of the shaft-type steel parts as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
5. The special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the surface threads of the shaft-type steel parts as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.12 percent; cr: 17 percent; ni: 4 percent; mn: 1 percent; si: 1 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; cu: 3.5 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; n: 0.12 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
6. The special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the surface threads of the shaft-type steel parts as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the material comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c: 0.08 percent; cr: 15 percent; ni: 3 percent; mn: 0.7 percent; si: 0.7 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; cu: 2.5 percent; mo: 0.1 percent; n: 0.06 percent; the balance being Fe; the sum of the mass percentages of the elements is 100 percent.
7. The method for preparing the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the screw threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s01, preparing an alloy mixture: selecting intermediate alloys of iron carbon, iron chromium, nickel chromium, iron manganese, iron silicon, iron niobium, iron copper and iron molybdenum according to the mass percent of the elements and the elements contained in the alloy powder to prepare an alloy mixture;
s02, atomizing to prepare powder: smelting an alloy mixture into alloy liquid with qualified components by using a vacuum induction furnace, injecting the alloy liquid into a tundish of a vacuum atomization powder making device, enabling the alloy liquid to flow out of a hole at the bottom of the tundish, contacting with high-purity nitrogen gas to be atomized into fine droplets when passing through an atomization cladding nozzle of the vacuum atomization powder making device, and fixedly dissolving nitrogen elements in the droplets, and quickly solidifying the nitrided droplets into iron-based alloy powder in an atomization cylinder of the vacuum atomization device;
s03: sieving powder: and (3) sieving the iron-based alloy powder through a sieve of-80-320 meshes to obtain the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft steel parts.
8. The method for preparing the iron-based alloy powder special for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step of S01, the mass percent of harmful element P and the mass percent of harmful element S in the alloy mixture are controlled to be less than or equal to 0.05% by selecting the intermediate alloy with a certain purity; in the step S02, the high-purity nitrogen is nitrogen with the purity of not less than 99.999 percent.
9. The method for repairing the surface threads of the shaft steel parts is applied to the special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the surface threads of the shaft steel parts, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps of:
s01, turning and removing loss: turning the shaft steel part with damaged surface threads in a rotary mode until the shaft steel part is not damaged, wherein the turning range comprises a thread damaged section, and the turned shaft steel part is called as a base material;
s02, pretreatment of the base material: removing an oxide layer on the surface of a base material by using a grinding machine, then putting the base material into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface oil stains, and then putting the base material into a vacuum drying oven for drying treatment for subsequent use;
s03, laser additive:
a. setting the following parameters in the laser additive system: the laser wavelength is 1064-1080 nm, the laser focal length is 200mm, the defocusing amount is 25mm, and the laser energy density is 38996-53078W/cm2The laser scanning speed is 6-10 mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 4.33g/min, the lap joint coefficient is 0.45-0.5, the flow of protective gas is 7.4-7.6L/min, the flow of powder feeding gas is 9.9-10.1L/min, and the protective gas and the powder feeding gas are both high-purity nitrogen;
b. taking out the substrate from the vacuum drying box, installing the substrate on a three-jaw chuck, determining a laser scanning track according to the turning range of the substrate, and finally respectively adjusting a cladding nozzle and a laser to move to positions corresponding to the initial position of the scanning track;
c. adding special iron-based alloy powder for repairing the threads on the surfaces of the shaft-type steel parts into a powder feeder;
d. starting a laser additive system, wherein on one hand, a laser generator emits laser to the surface of the substrate and forms a molten pool on the surface of the substrate; on the other hand, the powder feeder feeds powder to the powder nozzle through the gas pipeline, and the powder nozzle feeds powder to the molten pool in a coaxial powder feeding or lateral powder feeding mode; on the other hand, the three-jaw chuck drives the base material to rotate at a constant speed along the central axis of the base material; uniformly adding iron-based alloy powder special for repairing the threads on the surface of the shaft-type steel part on a base material through the synergistic action of a laser, a powder feeder, a powder nozzle and a three-jaw chuck;
in the step, the laser material increase system comprises a powder feeding device, a laser and a working platform; the powder feeding device comprises a powder feeder and a powder nozzle, and the powder feeder is communicated with the powder nozzle through a gas pipeline; the laser comprises a laser generator, a laser controller and a power supply; the working platform is provided with a three-jaw chuck for clamping and fixing the shaft parts;
in the step, the steps a, b and c are not in sequence;
s04, machining and forming: and machining the threads meeting the technological parameter requirements by adopting a machining mode, namely finishing the repair of the threads on the surfaces of the shaft steel parts.
10. The method for repairing the surface thread of the shaft-type steel part as claimed in claim 9, wherein: in the step S03, when the step c is finished, the distance between the cladding nozzle and the base material is 5mm, and the laser emitting direction of the laser is vertically downward; in the step S03, the high-purity nitrogen is nitrogen with the purity not lower than 99.999%; and in the step S03, the unilateral machining allowance of the base material after laser material increase is not less than 0.6 mm.
CN202210269206.9A 2022-03-18 2022-03-18 Special iron-based alloy powder and method for repairing threads on surface of shaft steel part Pending CN114635087A (en)

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CN110938772A (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-03-31 南华大学 C-N-O supersaturated solid solution martensitic stainless steel powder and preparation and cladding methods thereof
AU2019101478A4 (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-01-23 China Machinery Institute of New Materials (Zhengzhou) Co., Ltd. Stainless steel powder for ultra-high rate laser cladding
CN111549275A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-18 中车工业研究院有限公司 Iron-based alloy powder for axle additive repair and preparation method and application thereof
US20220081745A1 (en) * 2020-09-11 2022-03-17 Questek Innovations Llc Stainless steel powders for additive manufacturing

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