CN114632563B - Liquid drop micro-fluidic chip and preparation method of micro-liquid drop - Google Patents
Liquid drop micro-fluidic chip and preparation method of micro-liquid drop Download PDFInfo
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- CN114632563B CN114632563B CN202210395685.9A CN202210395685A CN114632563B CN 114632563 B CN114632563 B CN 114632563B CN 202210395685 A CN202210395685 A CN 202210395685A CN 114632563 B CN114632563 B CN 114632563B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/50273—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
- B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
- B01L2400/0415—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces electrical forces, e.g. electrokinetic
- B01L2400/0427—Electrowetting
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a liquid drop micro-fluidic chip and micro-liquid drops, which relates to the technical field of micro-fluidic, and comprises the following steps: the chip board is internally provided with a flow channel, and the flow channel is provided with a liquid flow inlet and a micro-droplet outlet; the top cover is attached to the top of the chip board; the base plate is attached to the bottom of the chip plate; the electric infiltration power mechanism comprises a pump cavity and an electrode layer, wherein the pump cavity is arranged on the chip board and is communicated with the flow channel in an intersecting mode, the electrode layer is positioned in the pump cavity, electric infiltration liquid is filled in the pump cavity, and the electric infiltration liquid is driven to reciprocate in the pump cavity by voltage periodic variation on the electrode layer. According to the invention, the electric infiltration liquid is driven to periodically extrude the liquid flow in the flow channel of the chip board through the periodic variation of the external power supply of the electric infiltration power mechanism so as to prepare micro-droplets, and compared with the existing control mode, the electric infiltration power mechanism has the advantages of quicker response, higher control sensitivity and precision and higher efficiency of preparing the micro-droplets; the power supply frequency is regulated to form liquid drops with different sizes, so that the generation mode is simple and the operation is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microfluidics, in particular to a liquid drop microfluidic chip and a preparation method of micro liquid drops.
Background
Microfluidic (Microfluidics) refers to a technique for manipulating fluids in a micrometer-scale space. As an important branch in microfluidic chip research, droplet microfluidic technology has been developed in recent years on the basis of traditional continuous flow microfluidic systems, and has been widely used in biomedicine, for example, by precisely controlling micro droplets in a reaction, the consumption of a reaction reagent can be reduced, and the reagent utilization rate can be improved. The prepared picoliter-level micro-droplets with good monodispersity of tens of thousands or even millions can be used as independent reaction units to realize qualitative or quantitative application in the aspects of molecular diagnosis, immunochemistry, cell culture, polymer synthesis, single-cell analysis, drug transportation and the like by combining means of fluorescence imaging analysis, spectroscopy, electrochemistry, capillary electrophoresis, mass spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemiluminescence method and the like.
The liquid drop generation driving method has various driving modes, namely one of the water power methods is that the disperse phase liquid is dispersed in the continuous phase in the form of liquid drops under the action of continuous phase shearing force by utilizing the structural characteristics of the intersection of two channels, wherein the most common driving modes are injection pumps, peristaltic pumps or pressures, but the driving modes are all mechanical driving, have stroke errors and have low control precision; patent CN 111030418B-a double-cavity micropump based on electrowetting phenomenon discloses an electrowetting power mechanism, wherein the control of the movement direction of electrowetting liquid is realized through the positive and negative changes of an external power supply, and if the driving mode of a microfluidic chip can be improved by utilizing the principle of the mechanism, the control precision of the preparation process of micro liquid drops is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid drop microfluidic chip and a preparation method of micro liquid drops, which can enable the control precision of the preparation process of the micro liquid drops to be higher;
the invention provides a droplet microfluidic chip, comprising:
the chip board is internally provided with a flow channel, and the flow channel is provided with a liquid flow inlet and a micro-droplet outlet;
the top cover is attached to the top of the chip board;
the substrate is attached to the bottom of the chip board;
the electric infiltration power mechanism comprises a pump cavity and an electrode layer, wherein the pump cavity is arranged on the chip board and is communicated with the flow channel in an intersecting mode, the electrode layer is positioned in the pump cavity, electric infiltration liquid is filled in the pump cavity, and the electric infiltration liquid is driven to reciprocate in the pump cavity by voltage periodic variation on the electrode layer.
Further, the chip board comprises a first chip board and a second chip board which are mutually attached, the top cover is attached to the top of the first chip board, and the base plate is attached to the bottom of the second chip board.
Further, a first runner and a second runner are arranged on the first chip board, the first runner is intersected with the second runner, two ends of the first runner are respectively provided with the liquid flow inlet and the micro-droplet outlet, and two ends of the second runner are respectively provided with an external phase liquid inlet.
Further, a third runner and a fourth runner are arranged on the second chip board, the third runner is intersected with the fourth runner, two ends of the third runner are respectively provided with the liquid flow inlet and the micro-droplet outlet, and two ends of the fourth runner are respectively provided with an external phase liquid inlet.
Further, the micro-droplet outlet on the first flow channel and the micro-droplet outlet on the second flow channel are respectively located on different sides of the chip board.
Further, the liquid flow inlet comprises an internal phase liquid inlet and an intermediate phase liquid inlet which are annularly arranged.
Further, the pump cavity comprises a first pump cavity positioned on the first chip board and a second pump cavity positioned on the second chip board, the first pump cavity is communicated with the first flow channel in an intersecting mode, the second flow channel is positioned between the liquid flow inlet of the first flow channel and the first pump cavity, the second pump cavity is communicated with the third flow channel in an intersecting mode, and the fourth flow channel is positioned between the liquid flow inlet of the third flow channel and the second pump cavity.
Further, two ends of the first pump cavity are communicated with two ends of the second pump cavity, a dielectric material hydrophobic layer is attached to the electrode layer, the electrode layer on the first pump cavity is connected with a first wire, the electrode layer on the second pump cavity is connected with a second wire, and the first wire and the second wire penetrate through the chip board respectively.
Further, the top cover and the base plate are respectively provided with a liquid exchange hole in a penetrating mode, and the liquid exchange holes are communicated with the first pump cavity and the second pump cavity.
The invention also provides a micro-droplet preparation method of the droplet micro-fluidic chip, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the inner phase liquid inlet of the first chip board is filled with inner phase liquid, the middle phase liquid inlet is filled with middle phase liquid, and a biphase annular flow is formed in the first flow passage between the second flow passage and the liquid flow inlet; the inner phase liquid inlet of the second chip board is filled with inner phase liquid, the middle phase liquid inlet is filled with middle phase liquid, and a double-phase annular flow is formed in the third flow channel between the fourth flow channel and the liquid flow inlet;
s2: the external phase liquid inlet of the first chip board is filled with external phase liquid, and the external phase liquid enters the first flow channel from the second flow channel to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form three-phase annular flow; the external phase liquid is injected into an external phase liquid inlet of the second chip board, and enters a third flow passage from a fourth flow passage to wrap the double-phase annular flow to form a three-phase annular flow;
s3: the first lead is connected with an anode of an external power supply, the second lead is connected with a cathode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid positioned on the same side of the first flow channel and the third flow channel moves to the first flow channel, three-phase annular flow is extruded to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from a micro-droplet outlet of the first flow channel;
s4: the first lead is connected with a negative electrode of an external power supply, the second lead is connected with a positive electrode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid positioned on the same side of the first flow channel and the third flow channel moves to the third flow channel, three-phase annular flow is extruded to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out of a micro-droplet outlet of the third flow channel.
According to the technical scheme, the electric infiltration liquid is driven to periodically extrude the liquid flow in the chip board runner through the periodic variation of the external power supply of the electric infiltration power mechanism, so that micro-droplets are prepared, and the electric signals are directly utilized to drive and control the movement of the electric infiltration liquid, so that the electric infiltration liquid has no energy consumption and time delay of mechanical transmission, and has the advantages of quicker response, higher control sensitivity and precision and higher efficiency of preparing the micro-droplets compared with the existing control mode; the power supply frequency is regulated to form liquid drops with different sizes, so that the generation mode is simple and the operation is convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal perspective view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an internal perspective view of FIG. 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a first chip board according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the invention at A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of FIG. 5B in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the invention at the pump chamber;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a method of preparing droplets according to the present invention;
reference numerals illustrate:
1-chip plate, 101-first chip plate, 102-second chip plate, 103-liquid flow inlet, 104-micro-droplet outlet, 105-external phase liquid inlet
1011-first flow path 1012-second flow path
1021-third flow channel 1022-fourth flow channel
1031-an internal phase liquid inlet, 1032-an intermediate phase liquid inlet
2-roof
3-substrate
4-electrowetting power mechanism, 401-first pump chamber, 402-second pump chamber, 403-electrode layer, 404-dielectric material hydrophobic layer, 405-first lead, 406-second lead
5-liquid exchange hole, 501-liquid exchange tube and 502-liquid exchange cover
6-internal phase liquid, 7-intermediate phase liquid, 8-external phase liquid, 9-three-phase micro-droplets and 10-electrowetting liquid
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a droplet microfluidic chip, comprising: the chip board 1 is internally provided with a flow channel which is provided with a liquid flow inlet 103 and a micro-droplet outlet 104; a top cover 2 attached to the top of the chip board 1; a substrate 3 attached to the bottom of the chip board 1; the electrowetting power mechanism 4 comprises a pump cavity and an electrode layer 403, the pump cavity is arranged on the chip board 1 and is communicated with the flow channel in an intersecting mode, the electrode layer 403 is positioned in the pump cavity, electrowetting liquid 10 is filled in the pump cavity, and voltage period change on the electrode layer 403 drives the electrowetting liquid 10 to reciprocate in the pump cavity. .
Specifically, the top cover 2 is stacked above the chip board 1 to close the top surface of the chip board 1, the base board 3 is stacked below the chip board 1 to close the bottom surface of the chip board 1, the chip board 1 is clamped between the top cover 2 and the base board 3, and liquid flows from the liquid flow inlet 103 into the flow channel and moves towards the micro-droplet outlet 104. When the liquid flow moves to the position where the flow channel intersects with the pump cavity, the electrode layers 403 in the pump cavities at the two sides of the flow channel are electrified, the electrowetting liquid 10 in the pump cavity is subjected to the electrowetting phenomenon, and moves inwards from the two sides of the flow channel to squeeze the liquid flow in the flow channel (the electrowetting liquid 10, the internal phase liquid 6 and the external phase liquid 7 are mutually insoluble), so that the liquid flow of the continuous phase is dispersed, and the liquid flow of the continuous phase is dispersed into individual liquid drops through the periodical rapid movement and squeezing of the electrowetting liquid 10, and flows out from the micro-liquid drop outlet 104. For the specific principle of the electrowetting phenomenon (by changing the electric potential between the electrode layer 403 and the electrowetting liquid 10, and further changing the surface energy of the contact surface between the pump cavity and the electrowetting liquid 10, and finally changing the contact angle between the two, when the contact angle changes, the electrowetting liquid 10 moves), the disclosure of the present invention belongs to the prior art, and specific reference may be made to the patent document mentioned in the background art, and no further description is given. In particular, in embodiment 1, the electrode layers 403 are disposed on two inner sidewalls of the pump chambers at two sides of the flow channel and connected with an external power supply (i.e. the pump chambers at each side of the flow channel are separately controlled, and the electrowetting fluids in the pump chambers at two sides synchronously move in opposite directions to squeeze the fluid flow), or the electrode layers 403 are disposed on two inner sidewalls of the pump chambers at one side of the flow channel and connected with an external power supply (i.e. only the pump chambers at one side of the flow channel are controlled, so that the electrowetting fluids in the pump chambers at two sides synchronously move in the same direction to shear the fluid flow), so that the continuous phase fluid flow can be dispersed into a plurality of fluid drops.
Example 2
This example 2 specifically describes the technical scheme of preparing biphasic droplets and bi-directional liquid discharge for chip board 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the chip board 1 includes a first chip board 1011 and a second chip board 1021 attached to each other, the top cover 2 is attached to the top of the first chip board 1011, and the substrate 3 is attached to the bottom of the second chip board 1021. The first chip board 1011 is provided with a first channel 1011 and a second channel 1012, the first channel 1011 intersects with the second channel 1012, both ends of the first channel 1011 are respectively provided with a liquid flow inlet 103 and a micro-droplet outlet 104, and both ends of the second channel 1012 are respectively provided with an external phase liquid inlet 105. The second chip board 1021 is provided with a third flow channel 1021 and a fourth flow channel 1022, the third flow channel 1021 is intersected with the fourth flow channel 1022, two ends of the third flow channel 1021 are respectively provided with a liquid flow inlet 103 and a micro-droplet outlet 104, and two ends of the fourth flow channel 1022 are respectively provided with an external phase liquid inlet 105. The micro-droplet outlets 104 on the first flow channel 1011 and the micro-droplet outlets 104 on the second flow channel 1012 are respectively located on different sides of the chip board 1.
Specifically, in embodiment 2, two chip boards 1 are stacked, a first channel 1011 and a second channel 1012 penetrating the entire top surface of the chip board 1 are formed in a first chip board 1011, the first channel 1011 and the second channel 1012 are crossed, and after a liquid flow enters the first channel 1011 from a liquid flow inlet 103 of the first channel 1011, an external phase liquid 8 entering from an external phase liquid inlet 105 of the second channel 1012 is wrapped at the crossing of the second channel 1012, thereby forming a two-phase liquid. Then the bi-directional liquid continues to advance along the first flow channel 1011, and after reaching the pump cavity, the bi-directional liquid is extruded by the electrowetting liquid 10 in the pump cavity and dispersed into bi-phase micro-droplets, namely the principle of the device for preparing the bi-phase liquid.
In addition, in the present device, the third flow channel 1021 and the fourth flow channel 1022 on the second chip board 1021 are symmetrically arranged with the first flow channel 1011 and the second flow channel 1012 on the first chip board 1011, that is, the micro-droplet outlets 104 of the second chip board 1021 and the first chip board 1011 are respectively located at different sides of the whole chip board 1 stack, so that the present device can discharge micro-droplets from two different directions by different moving directions of the electrowetting liquid 10.
In addition, in the device, the top cover 2 is provided with two external phase liquid inlets 105 which are connected with the external phase liquid inlets 105 on the second flow channel 1012; two external phase liquid inlets 105 are arranged on the base plate 3 and are connected with the external phase liquid inlets 105 on the fourth runner 1022;
example 3
This example 3 describes the technical scheme of the chip board 1 for preparing three-phase droplets:
as shown in fig. 6, the liquid inlet 103 includes an internal phase liquid inlet 1031 and an intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032 arranged in an annular shape.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, in the present apparatus, an annular inner phase liquid inlet 1031 and an intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032 are provided at the liquid flow inlet 103, the inner phase liquid 6 is injected into the inner phase liquid inlet 1031, the intermediate phase liquid 7 is injected into the intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032, the liquid flow entering the first flow channel 1011/third flow channel 1021 is a two-phase annular flow, and then, the two-phase annular flow contacts with the outer phase liquid 8 in the second flow channel 1012/fourth flow channel 1022, thereby forming a three-phase annular flow, and the three-phase annular flow is dispersed into three-phase droplets at the electrowetting power mechanism 4.
Example 4
This embodiment 4 describes a specific scheme for bi-directionally preparing micro droplets by the first chip board 1011 and the second chip board 1021:
as shown in fig. 1-4, 5, 7 and 8, the pump chambers include a first pump chamber 401 located on the first chip board 1011 and a second pump chamber 402 located on the second chip board 1021, the first pump chamber 401 is in intersecting communication with the first flow channel 1011, the second flow channel 1012 is located between the fluid inlet 103 of the first flow channel 1011 and the first pump chamber 401, the second pump chamber 402 is in intersecting communication with the third flow channel 1021, and the fourth flow channel 1022 is located between the fluid inlet 103 of the third flow channel 1021 and the second pump chamber 402. The two ends of the first pump cavity 401 are communicated with the two ends of the second pump cavity 402, the dielectric material hydrophobic layer 404 is attached to the electrode layer 403, the electrode layer 403 on the first pump cavity 401 is connected with the first conducting wire 405, the electrode layer 403 on the second pump cavity 402 is connected with the second conducting wire 406, and the first conducting wire 405 and the second conducting wire 406 penetrate out of the chip board 1 respectively.
Specifically, the first pump chamber 401 and the second pump chamber 402 are disposed at the same positions of the first chip board 1011 and the second chip board 1021 (specifically, at the middle portions of the first flow path 1011 and the third flow path 1021), respectively, and are in cross-intersecting communication with the first flow path 1011 and the third flow path 1021, respectively. The ends of the first pump chamber 401 and the second pump chamber 402 on the same side of the first flow passage 1011 and the second flow passage 1012 are connected by connecting holes extending toward each other. The part of the first pump cavity 401 located on the same side as the first flow channel 1011 and the part of the second pump cavity 402 located on the same side as the second flow channel 1012 form two paths, the inner side walls of the first pump cavity 401 and the second pump cavity 402 are respectively provided with an electrode layer 403, a separation pad for preventing the conduction between the two electrode layers 403 is arranged between the two electrode layers, and the separation pad is made of a hydrophobic material. Then at this point:
as shown in fig. 8 and 9, when the first wire 405 of the electrode layer 403 on the first pump cavity 401 is connected with the positive electrode of the dc power supply and the second wire 406 of the electrode layer 403 on the second pump cavity 402 is connected with the negative electrode of the dc power supply, the electrowetting liquid 10 in the second pump cavity 402 moves into the first pump cavity 401 through the connection of the two side ends, and the electrowetting liquid 10 on the two sides of the first flow channel 1011 in the first pump cavity 401 presses the continuous phase three-phase liquid in the first flow channel 1011 to form three-phase micro-droplets, which are discharged from the micro-droplet outlet 104 on one side of the whole device;
when the first wire 405 of the electrode layer 403 on the first pump cavity 401 is externally connected with the negative electrode of the dc power supply, and the second wire 406 of the electrode layer 403 on the second pump cavity 402 is externally connected with the positive electrode of the dc power supply, which is opposite to the flow direction of the electrowetting fluid 10 in fig. 8, the electrowetting fluid 10 in the first pump cavity 401 moves into the second pump cavity 402 through the connection part of the two side ends, the electrowetting fluid 10 on the two sides of the third flow channel 1021 in the second pump cavity 402 extrudes the continuous phase three-phase fluid in the third flow channel 1021 to form three-phase micro-droplets, and the three-phase micro-droplets are discharged from the micro-droplet outlet 104 on the other side of the whole device;
the above is a specific scheme for realizing bidirectional preparation of micro-droplets by the first pump cavity 401 and the second pump cavity 402 in this embodiment 4, and mainly by changing the positive and negative changes of the external power supply connected to the first wire 405 and the second wire 406, controlling the change of the moving direction of the electrowetting fluid 10 in the first pump cavity 401 and the second pump cavity 402 which are communicated with each other on both sides, and realizing extrusion action on continuous multiphase fluid in the first flow channel 1011 or the third flow channel 1021. Specific electrowetting phenomena and principles belong to the prior art in the field, and reference may be made to patent documents in the background art or textbooks of other relevant textbooks, etc., and no further description is given.
As shown in fig. 8, the top cover 2 and the base plate 3 are respectively provided with a liquid exchange hole 5 in a penetrating manner, and the liquid exchange holes 5 are communicated with the first pump cavity 401 and the second pump cavity 402.
Specifically, the liquid exchange hole 5 is located on the top surface of the top cover 2 and the bottom surface of the base plate 3, and is mainly used for adding/exchanging the electrowetting liquid 10 into the pump cavity. In addition, a liquid exchange tube 501 is connected to the liquid exchange hole 5, and a liquid exchange cover 502 is provided on the liquid exchange tube 501 in a matching manner. When changing liquid, the liquid changing cover 502 is opened, and the liquid changing pipe 501 is connected with a liquid source.
Example 5
This example 5 describes a specific method for preparing microdroplets by the microfluidic chip described above:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present invention further provides a method for preparing micro-droplets of a droplet microfluidic chip, which includes the following steps:
s1: internal phase liquid inlet 1031 of first chip board 1011 injects internal phase liquid 6, intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032 injects intermediate phase liquid 7, and a two-phase annular flow is formed in first flow channel 1011 between second flow channel 1012 and liquid flow inlet 103; the inner phase liquid inlet 1031 of the second chip board 1021 is filled with the inner phase liquid 6, the intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032 is filled with the intermediate phase liquid 7, and a two-phase annular flow is formed in the third flow passage 1021 between the fourth flow passage 1022 and the liquid flow inlet 103;
specifically, the first flow passage 1011 or the third flow passage 1021 is maintained in a continuous two-phase annular flow state until reaching the second flow passage 1012 or the fourth flow passage 1022.
S2: the external phase liquid inlet 105 of the first chip board 1011 is injected with the external phase liquid 8, and the external phase liquid enters the first flow channel 1011 from the second flow channel 1012 to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form a three-phase annular flow; the external phase liquid inlet 105 of the second chip board 1021 is filled with external phase liquid 8, and the external phase liquid enters the third flow passage 1021 from the fourth flow passage 1022 to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form a three-phase annular flow;
specifically, after passing through the second flow passage 1012 or the fourth flow passage 1022, a continuous three-phase annular flow state is formed in the first flow passage 1011 or the third flow passage 1021.
S3: the first lead 405 is connected with the positive electrode of an external power supply, the second lead 406 is connected with the negative electrode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid 10 positioned on the same side of the first flow channel 1011 and the third flow channel 1021 moves to the first flow channel 1011, the three-phase annular flow is extruded to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from the micro-droplet outlet 104 of the first flow channel 1011;
specifically, the electrowetting fluid 10 moves to the positive electrode, polymerizes in the first flow channel 1011, extrudes the three-phase annular flow to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets are discharged from one side of the whole microfluidic chuck.
S4: the first lead 405 is connected to the negative electrode of the external power supply, the second lead 406 is connected to the positive electrode of the external power supply, the electrowetting fluid 10 located on the same side of the first flow path 1011 and the third flow path 1021 moves to the third flow path 1021, the three-phase annular flow is extruded to form micro droplets, and the micro droplets flow out from the micro droplet outlet 104 of the third flow path 1021.
Specifically, the electrowetting fluid 10 moves to the positive electrode, polymerizes into the third flow passage 1021, extrudes the three-phase annular flow to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets are discharged from the other side of the whole microfluidic chuck.
In addition, in the microfluidic chip of the present invention, the liquid flow may be injected into both the first chip board 1011 and the second chip board 1021 at the same time to perform bidirectional synchronous preparation of the micro droplets, or the liquid flow may be injected into only one of the first chip board 1011 or the second chip board 1021 to perform unidirectional preparation of the micro droplets. In the invention, the reciprocating movement of the electrowetting fluid 10 in the first pump cavity 401 and the second pump cavity 402 is controlled by the periodical change of the anode and the cathode of an external power supply, so that the size of the prepared micro-droplet can be controlled by controlling the height of the potential difference or controlling the periodical change frequency of the anode and the cathode, which is another advantage of the invention.
The use process of the present invention is described in detail in embodiment 5, and will not be repeated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A droplet microfluidic chip, comprising:
the chip board is internally provided with a flow channel, and the flow channel is provided with a liquid flow inlet and a micro-droplet outlet;
the top cover is attached to the top of the chip board;
the substrate is attached to the bottom of the chip board;
the electric infiltration power mechanism comprises a pump cavity and an electrode layer, wherein the pump cavity is arranged on the chip board and is communicated with the flow channel in an intersecting way, the electrode layer is positioned in the pump cavity, electric infiltration liquid is filled in the pump cavity, and the electric infiltration liquid is driven to reciprocate in the pump cavity by the periodic change of voltage on the electrode layer;
the chip board comprises a first chip board and a second chip board which are mutually attached, the top cover is attached to the top of the first chip board, and the substrate is attached to the bottom of the second chip board;
the first chip board is provided with a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the first flow channel is intersected with the second flow channel, two ends of the first flow channel are respectively provided with the liquid flow inlet and the micro-droplet outlet, and two ends of the second flow channel are respectively provided with an external phase liquid inlet;
a third runner and a fourth runner are arranged on the second chip board, the third runner is intersected with the fourth runner, the two ends of the third runner are respectively provided with the liquid flow inlet and the micro-droplet outlet, and the two ends of the fourth runner are respectively provided with an external phase liquid inlet;
the micro-droplet outlets on the first flow channel and the micro-droplet outlets on the second flow channel are respectively positioned on different sides of the chip board;
the pump cavity comprises a first pump cavity positioned on the first chip board and a second pump cavity positioned on the second chip board, the inner side walls of the first pump cavity and the second pump cavity are respectively provided with the electrode layers, the first pump cavity is communicated with the first flow channel in an intersecting way, the second flow channel is positioned between the liquid flow inlet of the first flow channel and the first pump cavity, the second pump cavity is communicated with the third flow channel in an intersecting way, and the fourth flow channel is positioned between the liquid flow inlet of the third flow channel and the second pump cavity;
the two ends of the first pump cavity are communicated with the two ends of the second pump cavity, a dielectric material hydrophobic layer is attached to the electrode layer, the electrode layer on the first pump cavity is connected with a first wire, the electrode layer on the second pump cavity is connected with a second wire, and the first wire and the second wire respectively penetrate through the chip board;
the first lead is connected with an anode of an external power supply, and the second lead is connected with a cathode of the external power supply, so that micro-droplets flow out from a micro-droplet outlet of the first flow channel; or the first lead is connected with the negative electrode of the external power supply, and the second lead is connected with the positive electrode of the external power supply, so that the micro-droplets flow out of the micro-droplet outlet of the third flow channel.
2. The droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 1, wherein the liquid flow inlet comprises an internal phase liquid inlet and an intermediate phase liquid inlet arranged in a ring.
3. The droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 1, wherein the top cover and the substrate are respectively provided with a liquid exchange hole in a penetrating manner, and the liquid exchange holes are communicated with the first pump cavity and the second pump cavity.
4. A method of preparing micro-droplets using the droplet microfluidic chip of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
s1: the inner phase liquid inlet of the first chip board is filled with inner phase liquid, the middle phase liquid inlet is filled with middle phase liquid, and a biphase annular flow is formed in the first flow passage between the second flow passage and the liquid flow inlet; the inner phase liquid inlet of the second chip board is filled with inner phase liquid, the middle phase liquid inlet is filled with middle phase liquid, and a double-phase annular flow is formed in the third flow channel between the fourth flow channel and the liquid flow inlet;
s2: the external phase liquid inlet of the first chip board is filled with external phase liquid, and the external phase liquid enters the first flow channel from the second flow channel to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form three-phase annular flow; the external phase liquid is injected into an external phase liquid inlet of the second chip board, and enters a third flow passage from a fourth flow passage to wrap the double-phase annular flow to form a three-phase annular flow;
s3: the first lead is connected with an anode of an external power supply, the second lead is connected with a cathode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid positioned on the same side of the first flow channel and the third flow channel moves to the first flow channel, three-phase annular flow is extruded to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from a micro-droplet outlet of the first flow channel;
s4: the first lead is connected with a negative electrode of an external power supply, the second lead is connected with a positive electrode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid positioned on the same side of the first flow channel and the third flow channel moves to the third flow channel, three-phase annular flow is extruded to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out of a micro-droplet outlet of the third flow channel.
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