CN114631447B - Greenhouse is transplanted with multirow variable row spacing of planting and connects seedling box-packed putting - Google Patents

Greenhouse is transplanted with multirow variable row spacing of planting and connects seedling box-packed putting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114631447B
CN114631447B CN202210246200.XA CN202210246200A CN114631447B CN 114631447 B CN114631447 B CN 114631447B CN 202210246200 A CN202210246200 A CN 202210246200A CN 114631447 B CN114631447 B CN 114631447B
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seedling
transplanting
seedling receiving
box
transverse guide
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CN114631447A (en
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童俊华
刘珂
饶益成
张雷
陈建能
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/08Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
    • A01G9/083Devices for setting plants in pots
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The seedling receiving box device can avoid the phenomena of seedling clamping and seedling matrix damage during pot seedling transplanting, is suitable for a 24-claw transplanter, and has the advantages of simple structure, high conveying speed and high seedling throwing precision. The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a greenhouse is transplanted with seedling box-packed putting of multirow variable row plant spacing which characterized in that: comprises a frame, a first transplanting station and a second transplanting station which are arranged on the frame and used for conveying pot seedlings; the first transplanting station and the second transplanting station respectively comprise transverse guide rails horizontally arranged along the left and right directions, a plurality of seedling receiving boxes slidably positioned on the transverse guide rails, and transverse driving mechanisms which are fixed on the transverse guide rails and drive the seedling receiving boxes to move so as to adjust the transverse positions of the seedling receiving boxes; each seedling receiving box has the same structure, and two adjacent seedling receiving boxes are connected with each other through a connecting rope.

Description

Greenhouse is transplanted with multirow variable row spacing of planting and connects seedling box-packed putting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multi-row spacing-variable seedling-receiving box device for greenhouse transplanting.
Background
At present, mechanical transplanting is greatly developed, and transplanting machines are various in types and functions, but are generally universal. Because the sizes and physical characteristics of various vegetable seedlings have certain differences, the planting requirements such as row spacing, planting distance and the number of planted rows on the same ridge are different, and the universal transplanter has certain difficulty in being applied to various vegetable fields in China in a large scale. From the first seedling raising to the transplanting of the plug seedlings, a lot of repetitive labor is provided in the middle, the manual continuous operation is easy to cause fatigue to people, and the seedling leakage and other problems are easy to occur. Therefore, whether the automatic high speed of the transplanting of the hole trays can be realized is very critical.
The seedling receiving device has the function of sending the pot seedlings into the planting pipes or other planting plate holes in real time, and meanwhile, the seedling receiving device is matched with the full-automatic transplanter to ensure that the pot seedlings accurately fall into the seedling receiving box. Traditional continuous type connects seedling device to adopt single annular conveying chain to carry the alms bowl seedling for two cultivation pipes simultaneously, and conveying speed is fast, connects seedling box to be in continuous motion state always, because the alms bowl seedling that connects in the seedling box has not fallen into cultivation pipe completely just begins the return stroke, very easily appears hanging seedling, alms bowl seedling fall into phenomenons such as the precision step-down of cultivation pipe. Therefore, an intermittent seedling receiving device appears on the market, and the seedling receiving device has a certain retention time, so that the pot seedlings smoothly fall into the cultivation pipe, but the seedling separating efficiency is reduced.
In addition, the seedling receiving devices suitable for 6-claw transplanting machines and 12-claw transplanting machines are common in the market, and the seedling receiving devices suitable for 24-claw transplanting machines are not perfect and need to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide a seedling receiving box device with multiple rows and variable row spacing for greenhouse transplanting, which can avoid the phenomena of seedling clamping and seedling matrix damage during pot seedling transplanting, is suitable for a 24-claw transplanter and has the advantages of simple structure, high conveying speed and high seedling throwing precision.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a greenhouse is transplanted with seedling box-packed putting of multirow variable row plant spacing which characterized in that: comprises a frame, a first transplanting station and a second transplanting station which are arranged on the frame and used for conveying pot seedlings;
the first transplanting station and the second transplanting station respectively comprise transverse guide rails horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, a plurality of seedling receiving boxes slidably positioned on the transverse guide rails, and a transverse driving mechanism which is fixed on the transverse guide rails and drives the seedling receiving boxes to move so as to adjust the transverse positions of the seedling receiving boxes;
the seedling receiving boxes have the same structure, and two adjacent seedling receiving boxes are connected with each other through a connecting rope; each seedling receiving box comprises a box body which is communicated along the vertical direction and box covers which are respectively hinged to the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the box body; and a box cover control component for controlling the box covers on the two sides to synchronously unfold or fold is arranged in each transplanting station.
The transverse driving mechanism comprises a first linear module and a second linear module which are horizontally fixed on the transverse guide rail along the left-right direction; in every group transplants the station, the leftmost side connects slider fixed connection in seedling box and the first straight line module, and the rightmost side connects slider fixed connection in seedling box and the second straight line module.
The box cover control assembly comprises a first optical axis and a second optical axis which are horizontally arranged below the seedling receiving box along the left-right direction and respectively correspond to the box covers on the two sides, and a double-shaft cylinder which is vertically fixed on the rack; the double-shaft cylinder is connected with the two optical axes through the connecting rod assembly so as to drive the two optical axes to be close to or far away from each other.
The connecting rod assembly comprises a middle rod fixed at the tail end of a push rod of the double-shaft air cylinder, a first connecting rod with two ends respectively hinged to the middle rod and the first optical axis, and a second connecting rod with two ends respectively hinged to the middle rod and the second optical axis.
The transverse guide rail of the first transplanting station is fixed on the rack; and longitudinal driving mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the transverse guide rail of the second transplanting station so as to drive the transverse guide rail to move along the front-back direction.
The longitudinal driving mechanism comprises a longitudinal guide rail which is fixed on the rack along the front-back direction and is in sliding connection with the end part of the transverse guide rail, and a single-shaft cylinder which is fixed on the rack along the front-back direction and is fixedly connected with the transverse guide rail at the tail end of a push rod.
All install on every transverse guide and be used for fixing a position leftmost and connect two sensors that seedling box put with rightmost side connects seedling box position.
The number of the seedling receiving boxes in each transplanting station is 12.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, two adjacent seedling receiving boxes are connected through the connecting rope, and the distance between the seedling receiving boxes can be controlled by changing the length of the connecting rope, so that the seedling receiving box is suitable for different cultivation pipes, and the application range of the device is improved.
2. The invention adjusts the position of the seedling receiving box through the transverse driving mechanism and the longitudinal driving mechanism, and positions the position of the seedling receiving box through the sensor, thereby ensuring the seedling throwing precision of the seedling receiving box.
3. In the box cover control assembly, the first optical axis and the second optical axis are close to or far away from each other to control the box covers on the two sides to be unfolded or folded, so that the phenomena of seedling clamping and seedling matrix damage of pot seedlings in the transplanting process can be avoided.
4. The invention is provided with two transplanting stations which can be used as a seedling receiving device of a 24-claw transplanter, thereby greatly improving the transplanting efficiency of pot seedlings and being suitable for popularization and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the first transplanting station and the lower cultivation tube.
Fig. 4 is a second schematic perspective view of the first transplanting station and the lower cultivation tube.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the second transplanting station and the lower cultivation tube.
Fig. 6 is a second schematic perspective view of the second transplanting station and the lower cultivation tube.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a biaxial cylinder and a link assembly.
Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the seedling receiving box.
Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the transplanter in accordance with the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
1. a frame;
2. a first transplanting station; 2-1, a transverse guide rail; 2-2, inoculating a seedling box; 2-2-1, a box body; 2-2-2, a box cover; 2-2-3, a hinge; 2-3, a first straight line module; 2-4, a second straight line module; 2-5, a guide block; 2-6, connecting plates;
3. a second transplanting station; 3-1, longitudinal guide rails; 3-2, a single-shaft cylinder;
4-1, a first optical axis; 4-2, a second optical axis; 4-3, a double-shaft cylinder; 4-4, a middle rod; 4-5, a first connecting rod; 4-6, a second connecting rod;
5. a transplanter; 5-1, anterior row transplanting claws; 5-2, transplanting claws at the back row;
6. and (5) cultivating the tube.
Detailed Description
The following further description is made with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
For convenience of description, the left side of fig. 2 is left, the right side is right, the upper side of fig. 2 is rear, and the lower side is front.
The seedling receiving box device with multiple rows and variable row spacing for greenhouse transplanting as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 comprises a frame 1, a first transplanting station 2 and a second transplanting station 3; the first transplanting station and the second transplanting station are both arranged on the frame. The first transplanting station and the second transplanting station respectively comprise a transverse guide rail 2-1, a plurality of (12 in the figure) seedling receiving boxes 2-2 and a transverse driving mechanism.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the lateral guide rails are horizontally arranged in the left-right direction; wherein, a transverse guide rail in the first transplanting station is fixed on the frame; longitudinal driving mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the transverse guide rail in the second transplanting station, and the two groups of longitudinal driving mechanisms are arranged on the rack and move synchronously so as to drive the transverse guide rail in the second transplanting station to move stably along the front-back direction, and further adjust the longitudinal (front-back direction) position of the seedling receiving box.
Specifically, the two sets of longitudinal driving mechanisms each comprise a longitudinal guide rail 3-1 and a single-shaft cylinder 3-2. The longitudinal guide rail is fixed on the rack along the front-back direction, the end part of the transverse guide rail is fixed with a guide block 2-5, and the transverse guide rail is connected with the longitudinal guide rail in a sliding way through the guide block. The single-shaft cylinder is fixed on the frame along the front-back direction, and the tail end of a push rod of the single-shaft cylinder is fixedly connected with the transverse guide rail so as to push the transverse guide rail to move.
Each transverse guide rail is slidably positioned with 12 seedling receiving boxes; two adjacent seedling receiving boxes are connected with each other through a connecting rope (not shown in the figure). The seedling receiving boxes have the same structure, and each seedling receiving box comprises a box body 2-2-1 and two box covers 2-2-2 (see figure 8). The box body is communicated in the vertical direction; the two box covers are respectively hinged on the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the box body through hinges 2-2-3. And a box cover control assembly is arranged in each transplanting station and used for controlling the box covers on two sides to be unfolded or folded so as to control the opening and closing of the bottom surface of the seedling receiving box. In the figure of this embodiment, the box cover of the seedling receiving box at the first transplanting station is in a furled state, and the box cover of the seedling receiving box at the second transplanting station is in an unfolded state.
Specifically, the box cover control assembly comprises a first optical axis 4-1, a second optical axis 4-2, a double-shaft cylinder 4-3 and a connecting rod assembly. First optical axis and second optical axis set up in the below that connects the seedling box along left right direction level, and two optical axes correspond with the lid position that connects both sides around the seedling box respectively. The double-shaft cylinder is vertically fixed on the rack, and a push rod of the double-shaft cylinder is connected with the two optical axes through the connecting rod assembly so as to drive the two optical axes to be close to or far away from each other. As shown in fig. 3, 6, 7, the link assembly includes an intermediate link 4-4, a first link 4-5, and a second link 4-6; wherein, the middle rod is fixed at the tail end of a push rod of the double-shaft cylinder; two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively hinged with the middle rod and the first optical axis; two ends of the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with the middle rod and the second optical axis; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are equal in length.
During operation, the push rod of biax cylinder extends or contracts, can drive two optical axes through first connecting rod and second connecting rod and be close to each other or keep away from. When the two optical axes approach to each other, the two optical axes can stir the box covers on the front side and the rear side of the seedling receiving box to enable the box covers to be mutually folded, so that the bottom surface of the seedling receiving box is closed; when two optical axes kept away from each other, the lid that connects seedling box both sides loses the support of optical axis, can expand automatically under the action of gravity to the bottom surface that makes to connect seedling box is opened.
The transverse driving mechanism is used for adjusting the transverse (namely left and right) position of the seedling receiving box; the transverse drive mechanism comprises a first linear module 2-3 and a second linear module 2-4 (the linear modules are of existing construction and commercially available). And the first linear module and the second linear module are horizontally fixed on the transverse guide rail along the left-right direction. Wherein, the leftmost seedling receiving box is fixedly connected with the sliding block in the first linear module through a connecting plate 2-6, and the rightmost seedling receiving box is fixedly connected with the sliding block in the second linear module through a connecting plate. During operation, first straight line module and second straight line module drive respectively and connect two of the outside and connect seedling box (i.e. the leftmost side connects seedling box and the rightmost side to connect seedling box) to move towards opposite direction, make each connect the connection rope between the seedling box taut or relax to adjust the lateral position who connects the seedling box. In order to ensure that the seedling receiving boxes can correspond to the positions of the holes in the cultivation pipe, two sensors are mounted on each transverse guide rail (the positions of the two sensors correspond to the positions of the two holes in the outermost side of the cultivation pipe, and the sensors are not shown in the drawing), and the two sensors are respectively used for positioning the positions of the seedling receiving box on the leftmost side and the seedling receiving box on the rightmost side.
The invention can be used as a seedling receiving device of a 24-claw transplanter 5, and when the seedling receiving device works, two transplanting stations can transplant pot seedlings simultaneously, thereby greatly improving the transplanting efficiency of the pot seedlings. As shown in fig. 9, two rows of transplanting claws (12 transplanting claws in each row) are arranged on the 24-claw transplanter, and the two rows of transplanting claws are respectively placed into two transplanting stations after grabbing pot seedlings; in addition, an empty cultivation pipe 6 is arranged below each of the two cultivation stations, and after the pot seedlings of the transplanting claws are received by the two cultivation stations, the pot seedlings are transplanted into the cultivation pipes below the two cultivation stations.
The pot seedling transplanting method matched with the 24-claw transplanter comprises the following specific steps:
step one, closing the bottom surface of each seedling receiving box in an initial position; two rows of transplanting claws of the 24-claw transplanting machine move, so that 5-2 of the transplanting claws in the rear row correspond to the first transplanting station; .
Step two, taking seedlings at a first transplanting station: in the first transplanting station, under the cooperation of first straight line module and second straight line module, connect the seedling box to gather together each other, connect the seedling box this moment and transplant the claw position with the back row of transplanter and just in time correspond.
Step three, taking seedlings at a second transplanting station: in the second transplanting station, under the matching of the first linear module and the second linear module, the seedling receiving boxes are gathered together; then the longitudinal position of the seedling receiving box is adjusted through the single-shaft cylinder until the position of the seedling receiving box corresponds to the position of a front row of transplanting claws 5-1 of the transplanter.
And step four, respectively placing the pot seedlings into seedling receiving boxes corresponding to the transplanting stations by two rows of transplanting claws.
Step five, seedling throwing and resetting of the first transplanting station: in the first station of transplanting, under the cooperation of first sharp module and second sharp module, connect seedling box to expand each other, stop until the inductive position department that moves the sensor, connect seedling box this moment just in time with the cultivation pipe below on the cave hole corresponding. Then the first optical axis and the second optical axis are controlled by the double-shaft cylinder to be away from each other, so that the box cover at the bottom of the seedling receiving box is unfolded, and the pot seedlings fall into the cultivation pipe under the action of gravity. Afterwards first sharp module and the reset of second sharp module, first optical axis of biax cylinder control and second optical axis reset, make and connect the seedling box to get back to initial condition, wait for next work of connecting the seedling.
Step six, seedling throwing and resetting of a second transplanting station: in the station is transplanted to the second, under the cooperation of first sharp module and the sharp module of second, connect seedling box to expand each other, stop until the induction position department that removes the sensor, unipolar cylinder drives simultaneously and connects seedling box longitudinal movement, and it is just in time corresponding with the cave hole on the cultivation pipe below to connect seedling box. Then the first optical axis and the second optical axis are controlled by the double-shaft cylinder to be away from each other, so that the box cover at the bottom of the seedling receiving box is unfolded, and the pot seedlings fall into the cultivation pipe under the action of gravity. Later first straight line module and the straight line module of second reset, the first optical axis of biax cylinder control and second optical axis reset, and the unipolar cylinder resets, makes to connect the seedling box to get back to initial condition, waits for the next work of connecting the seedling.
In order to further increase the speed of the device, the second step and the third step can be simultaneously carried out, and the fifth step and the sixth step can be simultaneously carried out.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned list is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by the person skilled in the art from the present disclosure are to be considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a greenhouse is transplanted with multirow variable row spacing of receiving seedling box device which characterized in that: comprises a frame (1), a first transplanting station (2) and a second transplanting station (3) which are arranged on the frame and used for conveying pot seedlings;
the first transplanting station and the second transplanting station respectively comprise transverse guide rails (2-1) horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, a plurality of seedling receiving boxes (2-2) slidably positioned on the transverse guide rails, and transverse driving mechanisms which are fixed on the transverse guide rails and drive the seedling receiving boxes to move so as to adjust the transverse positions of the seedling receiving boxes;
the seedling receiving boxes have the same structure, and two adjacent seedling receiving boxes are connected with each other through a connecting rope; each seedling receiving box comprises a box body (2-2-1) which is through along the vertical direction and box covers (2-2-2) which are respectively hinged at the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the box body; each transplanting station is provided with a box cover control component for controlling the box covers on the two sides to synchronously unfold or fold;
the transverse driving mechanism comprises a first linear module (2-3) and a second linear module (2-4) which are horizontally fixed on the transverse guide rail along the left-right direction; in each group of transplanting stations, the leftmost seedling receiving box is fixedly connected with a sliding block in the first linear module, and the rightmost seedling receiving box is fixedly connected with a sliding block in the second linear module;
the box cover control assembly comprises a first optical axis (4-1) and a second optical axis (4-2) which are horizontally arranged below the seedling receiving box along the left-right direction and respectively correspond to the box covers on the two sides, and a double-shaft cylinder (4-3) which is vertically fixed on the rack; the double-shaft cylinder is connected with the two optical axes through the connecting rod assembly so as to drive the two optical axes to approach or depart from each other;
the connecting rod assembly comprises a middle rod (4-4) fixed at the tail end of a push rod of the double-shaft cylinder, a first connecting rod (4-5) with two ends respectively hinged with the middle rod and the first optical axis, and a second connecting rod (4-6) with two ends respectively hinged with the middle rod and the second optical axis;
the transverse guide rail of the first transplanting station is fixed on the rack; longitudinal driving mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the transverse guide rail of the second transplanting station so as to drive the transverse guide rail to move along the front-back direction;
the longitudinal driving mechanism comprises a longitudinal guide rail (3-1) which is fixed on the frame along the front-back direction and is in sliding connection with the end part of the transverse guide rail, and a single-shaft cylinder (3-2) which is fixed on the frame along the front-back direction and the tail end of a push rod of which is fixedly connected with the transverse guide rail.
2. The seedling receiving box device with multiple rows and variable plant spacing for greenhouse transplanting according to claim 1, wherein: two sensors for positioning the positions of the leftmost seedling receiving box and the rightmost seedling receiving box are arranged on each transverse guide rail.
3. The multi-row spacing-variable seedling receiving box device for greenhouse transplanting according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the number of the seedling receiving boxes in each transplanting station is 12.
CN202210246200.XA 2022-03-14 2022-03-14 Greenhouse is transplanted with multirow variable row spacing of planting and connects seedling box-packed putting Active CN114631447B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE616624A (en) * 1961-04-18 1962-08-16 Carl-Hermann Heise Rolling Combined Road Construction Machine
FR2610167A1 (en) * 1987-01-30 1988-08-05 Bidou Fernand PRUNER PRUNER
CN108064512A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-05-25 江苏大学 A kind of transplanter crank block type is divided into seedlings apparatus and method
CN108207223A (en) * 2018-02-23 2018-06-29 孙艳芬 Rice shoot automatic planting equipment
CN111165132A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-05-19 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 Plug seedling transplanting device and method
CN211745289U (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-10-27 现代农装科技股份有限公司 Automatic transplanter and pneumatic automatic seedling taking manipulator thereof
KR102268232B1 (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-22 이승수 seedling transplant apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE616624A (en) * 1961-04-18 1962-08-16 Carl-Hermann Heise Rolling Combined Road Construction Machine
FR2610167A1 (en) * 1987-01-30 1988-08-05 Bidou Fernand PRUNER PRUNER
CN108064512A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-05-25 江苏大学 A kind of transplanter crank block type is divided into seedlings apparatus and method
CN108207223A (en) * 2018-02-23 2018-06-29 孙艳芬 Rice shoot automatic planting equipment
CN211745289U (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-10-27 现代农装科技股份有限公司 Automatic transplanter and pneumatic automatic seedling taking manipulator thereof
CN111165132A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-05-19 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 Plug seedling transplanting device and method
KR102268232B1 (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-06-22 이승수 seedling transplant apparatus

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