CN114619082A

CN114619082A - Multi-surface milling machine tool and machining method

Info

Publication number: CN114619082A
Application number: CN202210147481.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪广琦; 白惠; 刘金星; 汪方庭
Original assignee: Qianfang Fast Milling Technology Suzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Qianfang Fast Milling Technology Suzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-17
Filing date: 2022-02-17
Publication date: 2022-06-14

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of part processing, in particular to a multi-surface milling machine tool, which comprises a cross sliding table, a spindle box and a cutter head box, wherein the cross sliding table, the spindle box and the cutter head box are arranged at the upper end of a machine body of a mounting base; the driving shaft drives the gear to rotate, the gear is driven to rotate by the reducing gear, the gear is driven to rotate by the main shaft and is driven to rotate by the universal coupling, and compared with a traditional lathe, the lathe is low in rotating speed, high in rigidity and large in torsion, is suitable for dry (free of cutting fluid) interrupted heavy cutting machining, improves the effect of clamping and machining a plurality of planes of a revolving body at one time, prolongs the service life of a rotary interrupted cutting tool, and provides a new solution for processing hardware parts on multiple surfaces. The cutter bar cutter is arranged on the cutter disc, and the depth, the depth and the angle of the cutter bar cutter on the cutter disc are adjusted, so that the depth, the height and the surface number of the cutting parts can be changed; the rotating speed ratio between the cutter head and the machined part is changed by changing the driven reduction gear, so that the machining requirement of a multi-surface part is met, and theoretically, the machining requirement of an integral number of surfaces can be met.

Description

Multi-surface milling machine tool and machining method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of part machining, in particular to a multi-surface milling machine tool and a machining method.

Background

The common milling machine is mainly a machine tool for processing various surfaces of a workpiece by using a milling cutter. Generally, the milling cutter mainly moves by rotary motion, and the movement of the workpiece and the milling cutter is feeding motion; the conventional milling machine is used for machining multiple surfaces, multiple times of clamping or indexing are needed, the position of the clamp is adjusted, and the multiple surfaces are machined for multiple times, so that the efficiency and the precision are insufficient, and the multi-surface milling machine is difficult to adapt to batch production.

The machining center is developed from the milling machine, the greatest difference with the milling machine is that the machining center has the capability of automatically exchanging machining tools, the tools with different purposes are installed on the tool magazine, the machining tools on the main shaft can be changed through the automatic tool changer in one-time clamping, multiple machining functions are achieved, and of course, in the existing machining center, one-time clamping can be achieved to complete milling of multiple surfaces, but compared with the scheme, the efficiency and the cost for machining the polyhedron through the revolving body have great disadvantages.

A numerical control lathe is modified into a lathe square, a power head is additionally arranged on a lathe supporting plate to install a lathe square cutter, and the rotation speed ratio of the lathe square cutter to a main shaft clamping part is controlled by a system, so that multi-surface machining of one-time clamping lathe can be realized. However, because the whole structure and configuration of the lathe are designed to be continuously processed at high rotating speed, the cutter has low service life due to the inherent defect of insufficient rigidity when a polyhedron is processed discontinuously, and the efficiency and cost requirements of mass production are difficult to meet.

In many shaft parts, a round shaft body needs to be machined into a square shape, but the machining mode generally adopts a common milling machine, a machining center and a modified numerical control lathe for square turning, and the machining mode adopts multi-surface plane machining, so that the precision is difficult to control, the efficiency is low, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is characterized in that the method for processing the polygonal revolving body by the high-rigidity quick compound motion is provided. The traditional milling processing is characterized in that a tool rotates a workpiece and a transmission turning processing is characterized in that the workpiece rotates the tool and does not rotate, and the invention is characterized in that the workpiece rotates the tool and also rotates, the turning and milling characteristics are considered through compound motion, and the multi-plane processing of a revolving body is finished without indexing and one-time clamping.

The present invention is directed to a multi-face milling machine and a machining method thereof, so as to solve the problems of the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the multi-face milling machine tool comprises a mounting base tool body, wherein a cross sliding table, a spindle box and a cutter head box are mounted at the upper end of the mounting base tool body;

the one end of headstock is installed and is processed the part, the blade disc is installed to the one end of blade disc case, the cutter arbor cutter is installed to the one end of blade disc, be the syntropy rotation between processing part and the blade disc, realize based on hypocycloid principle, the approximate large radius pitch arc of cutting track that the cutter orbit formed on the work piece under the different rotational speed ratio, and solid of revolution axle class part is most in diameter 50MM, consequently is equivalent to the short two points of intercepting distance on big pitch arc, is close linear state to realize the planar processing. According to different rotating speed ratios and different cutter positions and numbers, the shapes and the surface numbers of the cut parts are different, two surfaces, four surfaces, six surfaces and eight surfaces are commonly applied, and the analysis of the No. 4 of volume 29 of the Lanzhou university of transportation by referring to the hypocycloid principle and a lathe is specifically realized.

Preferably: the cross sliding table comprises a Z-shaped sliding table body, an X-shaped sliding table body, a servo motor, an upper sliding plate, a middle sliding plate and a lower sliding table body, wherein the lower sliding plate is arranged on the upper surface of the bed body of the mounting base, the Z-shaped sliding table body is arranged at one end of the lower sliding plate, the X-shaped sliding table body is arranged at one end of the middle sliding plate, the middle sliding plate is connected to the upper surface of the lower sliding plate through the Z-shaped sliding table body, and the upper sliding table body is connected to the upper surface of the middle sliding plate through the X-shaped sliding table body.

Preferably, the following components: the spindle box comprises an elastic fixture, a spindle, a driving gear, a driving shaft, a transmission middle shaft, a driven reduction gear, a rotary oil cylinder and a belt pulley, wherein the driving gear is arranged on the outer wall of the driving shaft, the rotary oil cylinder is installed on the outer wall of the spindle box, one end of the driving shaft extends out of the outer side of the spindle box and is provided with the belt pulley, the transmission middle shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the spindle box, the spindle is in transmission connection with the inside of the spindle box, the driven reduction gear is arranged on the outer wall of the spindle, the elastic fixture is installed at one end of the spindle, a gear is arranged on the outer wall of the transmission middle shaft, and the transmission middle shaft is meshed with the driving gear and the driven reduction gear through the gear.

Preferably: the cutter head box comprises a balance wheel, a side shaft, a middle shaft, a cutter head and a cutter bar cutter, wherein the inner wall of the cutter head box is sequentially provided with the side shaft, the middle shaft and the cutter shaft, the outer walls of the side shaft, the middle shaft and the cutter shaft are respectively provided with a gear and are meshed with each other through the gears, the balance wheel is installed on the outer wall of the cutter head box, one end of the cutter shaft stretches out of the outer wall of the cutter head box, the cutter head is installed at the other end of the cutter shaft, and the cutter bar cutter is installed on the outer wall of the cutter head.

Preferably, the following components: the cutter head box is characterized in that a universal telescopic coupling is mounted on the outer wall of the main shaft box, the other end of the universal telescopic coupling is mounted on the outer wall of the cutter head box, the universal telescopic coupling is rotatably connected to the outer side of the main shaft box through a driving shaft, one end of the universal telescopic coupling is mounted at one end of a side shaft, the side shaft is rotatably connected with a middle shaft through the universal telescopic coupling, and the middle shaft is rotatably connected with a cutter shaft through the side shaft.

Preferably: one end of the elastic clamp is provided with a round hole, when the axis of the round hole is concentric with the axis of the elastic clamp, symmetrical multi-surface processing is realized, and if the clamp is eccentric, single-side or other asymmetrical polygon processing can be realized.

A multi-face milling machine machining method comprises the following steps:

firstly, a machine tool is started to provide power to drive a belt pulley to rotate, so that a driving shaft drives a main shaft to rotate through a driving gear and a driven reduction gear in sequence, a rotary oil cylinder moves in a telescopic mode, an elastic clamp contracts, and a machined part is fixed or loosened;

and secondly, installing a cutter bar cutter on the surface of the cutter disc, driving the side shaft to rotate by the universal telescopic coupling under the action of the driving shaft, so that the side shaft drives the middle shaft to rotate, and the middle shaft drives the cutter shaft to rotate.

Starting a Z-direction servo motor or an X-direction servo motor to enable an upper sliding plate to slide on the surface of a middle sliding plate or a middle sliding plate to slide on the surface of a lower sliding plate, and enabling a cutter on a cutter head to cut a straight line or an arc line in the axial direction of a part through linkage of the two shafts;

compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention is different from the traditional lathe and milling machine, creates a multi-surface milling machine tool with low cost, meets the requirements of faster and more precise processing of multi-surface multi-angle parts, has higher accuracy and longer service life of a cutter, realizes the cutting of a symmetrical plane on a cylindrical surface by utilizing the compound motion of the same-direction rotation of the cutter and a workpiece, has higher production efficiency, rotates in the same direction of a workpiece shaft and a cutter head cutting shaft, has the rotating speed ratio of 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5 and the like, can finish the processing of any number of surfaces by adjusting the rotating speed ratio, and can process even-number-side parts such as 2 surfaces, 4 surfaces, 6 surfaces and the like with the rotating speed ratio of 1: 2; when the rotating speed ratio is 1:2, the machining of the 1-surface part can be completed through the matching of the eccentric fixture device; parts such as 5 surfaces, 10 surfaces and the like can be machined at a rotation speed ratio of 1:2.5, and the 5 surfaces are mainly used for special spanner parts such as outdoor fire hydrants and the like; parts with the rotation speed ratio of 1:3, such as 3 surfaces, 6 surfaces, 9 surfaces and the like, such as a lock core of a triangular door on a train can be machined; the machine can process 7 surfaces with the rotating speed ratio of 1:3.5, and is mainly used for anti-theft high-end fasteners such as automobile tire locking screws. The multi-face milling machine tool has the advantages that the types of the parts which can be machined are richer by changing the rotating speed ratio, the number of the cutter bars and the position angle, and the concentricity or eccentricity of part clamping;

2. in the existing metal cutting machine tool, polyhedral parts are machined by clamping or indexing for multiple times, the position of a clamp is adjusted, the machining is completed by multiple times of machining, the rigidity of a numerical control vehicle-modified lathe is poor, the service life of a cutter is short, the numerical control vehicle-modified lathe is difficult to popularize and apply, although the machining range of a machining center is slightly wide and formed once, the structure is complex, accessories are multiple, the manufacturing cost of a high-end machining center is high, and the machining center is not beneficial to solving the problem of batch production of small and medium-sized enterprises.

3. According to the invention, the plurality of bevel gears rotate, the low rotating speed is used for intermittent machining, the meshing surface is large, the torsion is high, the springback and vibration in the cutting motion are reduced, the finish degree of the machined surface is improved, no burr is formed on the machined surface, the service life of a cutter bar cutter is prolonged, the dry cutting of a cooling-free system can be realized, and the burr removing process and the cutting fluid cost are reduced;

4. according to the invention, the cutter bar cutter is arranged on the cutter disc, and the depth, the height and the number of faces of a cutting part can be changed by adjusting the height, the depth and the angle of the cutter bar cutter on the cutter disc; the rotating speed ratio between the cutter head and the machined part is changed by changing the driven reduction gear, so that the machining requirement of the multi-surface part is met, theoretically, the machining requirement of an integral surface can be met, more low-cost choices are provided for the part design of engineers, and more application ranges are provided for metal milling.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multi-face milling machine of the present invention in elevation;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a multi-faceted milling machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an eccentric elastic shaft clamp of the multi-face milling machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a single side of a machined part of a multi-sided milling machine of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of even-numbered surfaces of flat square and square machined surfaces of a part machined by the multi-surface milling machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the four-sided rectangular and rhomboidal machined surfaces of the even-numbered surfaces of the part machined by the multi-sided milling machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of even-numbered surfaces of regular hexagonal and regular octagonal machined surfaces of a part machined by the multi-surface milling machine tool.

In the figure: 1. installing a base bed body; 2. a cross sliding table; 3. a main spindle box; 4. a cutter head box; 21. a Z-direction servo motor; 22. an X-direction servo motor; 23. an upper slide plate; 24. a middle slide plate; 25. a lower slide plate; 31. an elastic clamp; 32. a main shaft; 33. a driving gear; 34. a drive shaft; 35. a transmission middle shaft; 36. a driven reduction gear; 38. a rotary oil cylinder; 39. a pulley; 310. a universal telescopic coupling; 41. a balance wheel; 42. a side shaft; 43. a middle shaft; 44. a cutter shaft; 45. a cutter head; 46. a cutter bar cutter.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Cutting of single-side machined parts

Referring to fig. 1-4, a multi-face milling machine tool comprises a mounting base bed 1, wherein a cross sliding table 2, a spindle box 3 and a cutter head box 4 are mounted at the upper end of the mounting base bed 1;

processing part is installed to the one end of headstock 3, and blade disc 45 is installed to the one end of blade disc case 4, and cutter arbor cutter 46 is installed to the one end of blade disc 45, is the syntropy rotation between processing part and the blade disc 45, based on the hypocycloid principle, and the speed ratio is 1: and 2, matching with an eccentric fixture to realize the machining of the single-sided D-shaped surface part.

The cross sliding table 2 comprises a Z-direction servo motor 21, an X-direction servo motor 22, an upper sliding plate 23, a middle sliding plate 24 and a lower sliding plate 25, wherein the lower sliding plate 25 is installed on the upper surface of the installation base bed body 1, the Z-direction servo motor 21 is installed at one end of the lower sliding plate 25, the X-direction servo motor 22 is installed at one end of the middle sliding plate 24, the middle sliding plate 24 is connected to the upper surface of the lower sliding plate 25 in a sliding mode through the Z-direction servo motor 21, and the upper sliding plate 23 is connected to the upper surface of the middle sliding plate 24 in a sliding mode through the X-direction servo motor 22.

The spindle box 3 comprises an elastic clamp 31, a spindle 32, a driving gear 33, a driving shaft 34, a transmission middle shaft 35, a driven reduction gear 36, a rotary oil cylinder 38 and a belt pulley 39, the driving gear 33 is arranged on the outer wall of the driving shaft 34, the rotary oil cylinder 38 is arranged on the outer wall of the spindle box 3, one end of the driving shaft 34 extends out of the spindle box 3 and is provided with the belt pulley 39, the transmission middle shaft 35 is rotatably connected to the middle of the spindle box 3, the spindle 32 is rotatably connected to the inside of the spindle box 3, the driven reduction gear 36 is arranged on the outer wall of the spindle 32, the elastic clamp 31 is arranged at one end of the spindle 32, the gear is arranged on the outer wall of the transmission middle shaft 35, and the transmission middle shaft 35 is meshed with the driving gear 33 and the driven reduction gear 36 through the gear.

The cutter head box 4 comprises a balance wheel 41, an edge shaft 42, a middle shaft 43, a cutter shaft 44, a cutter head 45 and a cutter bar cutter 46, the edge shaft 42, the middle shaft 43 and the cutter shaft 44 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the cutter head box 4, gears are arranged on the outer walls of the edge shaft 42, the middle shaft 43 and the cutter shaft 44 and are meshed with each other through the gears, the balance wheel 41 is installed on one end of the cutter shaft 44, extending out of the outer wall of the cutter head box 4, of the cutter head box, the cutter head 45 is installed on the other end of the cutter shaft 44, and the cutter bar cutter 46 is installed on the outer wall of the cutter head 45.

The universal telescopic coupling 310 is installed on the outer wall of the spindle box 3, the other end of the universal telescopic coupling 310 is installed on the outer wall of the cutter head box 4, the universal telescopic coupling 310 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the spindle box 3 through a driving shaft 34, one end of the universal telescopic coupling 310 is installed at one end of a side shaft 42, the side shaft 42 is rotatably connected with a middle shaft 43 through the universal telescopic coupling 310, and the middle shaft 43 is rotatably connected with a cutter shaft 44 through the side shaft 42.

One end of the elastic clamp 31 is provided with a round hole, the axis of the round hole is positioned outside the axis of the elastic clamp 31, and the elastic clamp 31 is an eccentric shaft clamp.

As shown in fig. 4, in embodiment 1, the machining part and the cutter head 45 rotate in the same direction, the rotation speed ratio is 1:2, the number of the cutter bar cutters 46 is 1, the eccentric shaft elastic fixture 31 needs to be used, the center of the cutter head 45 is different from that of the machining part, and only 1 surface can be cut by the cutter bar cutters 46 in the rotation process.

Example 2

Even number face cutting

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7, the multi-face milling machine tool comprises a mounting base machine body 1, wherein a cross sliding table 2, a spindle box 3 and a cutter head box 4 are mounted at the upper end of the mounting base machine body 1;

the processing part is installed to the one end of headstock 3, and blade disc 45 is installed to the one end of blade disc case 4, and cutter arbor cutter 46 is installed to the one end of blade disc 45, is the syntropy rotation between processing part and the blade disc 45, and the rotational speed ratio is 1: and 2, changing the number and the distribution angle of the cutters on the cutter head to realize different even number surfaces of the cut parts.

As shown in fig. 5, in embodiment 2, the machining part and the cutter head 45 rotate in the same direction at a rotation speed ratio of 1:2, and a cutter is mounted on the cutter head 45, so that symmetrical flat-square machining can be realized.

As shown in fig. 5, 2 cutters are mounted on the cutter head 45, the cutter rods are equally divided by 180 degrees on the cutter head 45, and the heights of the cutter tips are consistent, so that the machining of square machined parts can be realized.

As shown in fig. 6, the machining part and the cutter head 45 rotate in the same direction at a rotation speed ratio of 1:2. 2 cutters are arranged on the cutter head 45, the cutter rods are equally divided on the cutter head 45 by 180 degrees, and the heights of the cutter points form a height difference, so that long square machining parts can be machined, and long squares with unequal side lengths can be machined.

As shown in fig. 6, by adjusting 2 the cutter bars to be distributed on the cutter head 45 at different angles, the rhomboid quadrilateral processing of the following figure can be realized; the machined part and the cutter head 45 rotate in the same direction, and the rotation speed ratio is 1:2.

As shown in fig. 7, 3 cutters are mounted on the cutter disc 45, the cutter bars are equally divided by 120 degrees on the cutter disc 45, and the heights of the cutter tips are consistent, so that the machining of the regular hexagonal hexagon machining part can be realized.

As shown in fig. 7, 4 cutter bars are arranged on the cutter head 45, the cutter bars are equally divided by 90 degrees on the cutter head 45, the heights of the cutter points are consistent, and the machining of parts machined by the regular octagonal octagon can be realized.

The same principle can be realized for other even-numbered polygons, and at the same time, we can also realize even-numbered surfaces by adjusting the rotation speed ratio and the number of knives, such as: the rotation speed ratio is 1:3, 4 cutter bars are arranged on the cutter head 45, and 12 surfaces are realized.

Example 3

Cutting with odd number of facets

Referring to fig. 1-2, a multi-face milling machine tool comprises a mounting base bed 1, wherein a cross sliding table 2, a spindle box 3 and a cutter head box 4 are mounted at the upper end of the mounting base bed 1;

the machining part is installed at one end of the spindle box 3, a cutter disc 45 is installed at one end of the cutter disc box 4, a cutter bar cutter 46 is installed at one end of the cutter disc 45, the machining part and the cutter disc 45 rotate in the same direction, the rotating speed ratio is 1.5, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and the like, and the number of the cutter bars on the cutter disc is matched, so that the number of the surfaces of the machined parts is different.

The cross sliding table 2 comprises a Z-direction servo motor 21, an X-direction servo motor 22, an upper sliding plate 23, a middle sliding plate 24 and a lower sliding plate 25, the lower sliding plate 25 is installed on the upper surface of the installation base bed body 1, the Z-direction servo motor 21 is installed at one end of the lower sliding plate 25, the X-direction servo motor 22 is installed at one end of the middle sliding plate 24, the middle sliding plate 24 is connected to the upper surface of the lower sliding plate 25 in a sliding mode through the Z-direction servo motor 21, and the upper sliding plate 23 is connected to the upper surface of the middle sliding plate 24 in a sliding mode through the X-direction servo motor 22.

The spindle box 3 comprises an elastic fixture 31, a spindle 32, a driving gear 33, a driving shaft 34, a transmission middle shaft 35, a driven reduction gear 36, a rotary oil cylinder 38 and a belt pulley 39, wherein the driving gear 33 is arranged on the outer wall of the driving shaft 34, the rotary oil cylinder 38 is installed on the outer wall of the spindle box 3, one end of the driving shaft 34 extends out of the spindle box 3 and is provided with the belt pulley 39, the middle of the spindle box 3 is rotatably connected with the transmission middle shaft 35, the spindle 32 is rotatably connected inside the spindle box 3, the driven reduction gear 36 is arranged on the outer wall of the spindle 32, the elastic fixture 31 is installed at one end of the spindle 32, the gear is arranged on the outer wall of the transmission middle shaft 35, and the transmission middle shaft 35 is meshed with the driving gear 33 and the driven reduction gear 36 through the gear.

The cutter head box 4 comprises a balance wheel 41, a side shaft 42, a middle shaft 43, a cutter shaft 44, a cutter head 45 and a cutter bar cutter 46, the side shaft 42, the middle shaft 43 and the cutter shaft 44 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the cutter head box 4, gears are arranged on the outer walls of the side shaft 42, the middle shaft 43 and the cutter shaft 44 and are meshed with each other through the gears, the balance wheel 41 is installed on one end of the cutter shaft 44, extending out of the outer wall of the cutter head box 4, the cutter head 45 is installed on the other end of the cutter shaft 44, and the cutter bar cutter 46 is installed on the outer wall of the cutter head 45.

In

embodiment

3, 3 cutter bar cutters 46 are mounted on a cutter head 45, and each cutter bar cutter 46 is mounted on the cutter head 45 at a rotation speed ratio of 1:3, machining of parts in a regular triangle or the machined parts and the cutter head 45 rotate in the same direction, and the rotating speed ratio is 1: 1.5. 2 cutter bar cutters 46 are arranged on the cutter head 45, the cutter bar cutters 46 are equally divided on the cutter head 45 by 180 degrees, and the heights of the tool tips of the cutter bar cutters 46 are consistent, so that the machining of parts in a regular triangle shape can be realized.

The part and the cutter head 45 rotate in the same direction, the rotating speed ratio is 1:2.5, 2 cutters are arranged on the cutter head 45, the cutter bar cutters 46 are equally divided on the cutter head 45 by 180 degrees, the cutter points of the cutter bar cutters 46 are consistent in height, the processing of pentagonal parts can be realized, and other odd-numbered polygons can also be realized in the same way.

In various embodiments, a method of machining a multi-sided milling machine, comprises:

firstly, a machine tool is started to provide power (such as a motor) to drive a belt pulley 39 to rotate, so that a driving shaft 34 drives a main shaft 32 to rotate through a driving gear 33 and a driven reduction gear 36 in sequence, a rotary oil cylinder 38 forms extension and contraction, an elastic clamp 31 is contracted, and a machined part is fixed or loosened;

secondly, respectively starting a Z-direction servo motor 21 or an X-direction servo motor 22 to enable an upper sliding plate 23 to slide on the surface of a middle sliding plate 24 or a middle sliding plate 24 to slide on the surface of a lower sliding plate 25, so that alignment between a cutter head 45 and a machined part is completed; the two shafts move or are linked respectively to enable the cutter on the cutter head to cut a straight line or an arc line in the axial direction of the part;

thirdly, the cutter bar cutter 46 is arranged on the surface of the cutter head 45, the universal telescopic coupling 310 drives the side shaft 42 to rotate under the action of the driving shaft 34, so that the side shaft 42 drives the middle shaft 43 to rotate, the middle shaft 43 drives the cutter shaft 44 to rotate, and the machining process is completed.

The cutter bar cutter 46 is arranged on the cutter head 45, and the depth, the height and the number of faces of the cutting part can be changed by adjusting the height, the depth and the angle of the cutter bar cutter 46 on the cutter head 45; the rotating speed ratio between the cutter head 45 and the machined part is changed by changing the driven reduction gear 36, so that the machining requirement of the multi-surface part is met, and the machining requirement of an integral surface can be met theoretically.

In the embodiment, the multi-surface milling machine tool is designed and manufactured by combining the principle characteristics of a common machine tool (a lathe and a milling machine), the requirement on higher-precision processing of multi-surface and multi-angle parts is met, the accuracy is higher, the service life of the tool is longer, and the multi-surface and multi-angle part milling machine tool is different from the milling machine tool (a milling cutter rotates and a part does not rotate) and the lathe tool (a turning tool does not rotate and the part rotates).

While the invention has been described in further detail in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various other modifications and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should be considered to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-surface milling machine tool comprises a mounting base tool body (1), wherein a cross sliding table (2), a spindle box (3) and a cutter head box (4) are mounted at the upper end of the mounting base tool body (1);

the method is characterized in that: clamping device centre gripping processing part is installed to the one end of headstock (3), blade disc (45) are installed to the one end of blade disc case (4), cutter arbor cutter (46) are installed to the one end of blade disc (45), be the corotation between processing part and blade disc (45) and keep specific velocity ratio.

2. The multi-face milling machine of claim 1, wherein: cross slip table (2) include Z to servo motor (21), X to servo motor (22), upper slide (23), well slide (24) and lower slide (25), the upper surface at installation base lathe bed (1) is installed in lower slide (25), Z installs the one end at lower slide (25) to servo motor (21), X installs the one end of well slide (24) to servo motor (22), well slide (24) drive the upper surface of ball screw sliding connection at lower slide (25) through Z to servo motor (21), it drives the upper surface of ball screw sliding connection in well slide (24) through X to servo motor (22) to go up slide (23).

3. The multi-face milling machine of claim 1, wherein: the automatic gearbox spindle box is characterized in that the spindle box (3) comprises an elastic clamp (31), a spindle (32), a driving gear (33), a driving shaft (34), a transmission middle shaft (35), a driven reduction gear (36), a rotary oil cylinder (38) and a belt pulley (39), the driving gear (33) is arranged on the outer wall of the driving shaft (34), the rotary oil cylinder (38) is installed at the spindle end of the spindle box (3), one end of the driving shaft (34) extends out of the outer side of the spindle box (3) and is provided with the belt pulley (39), the middle of the spindle box (3) is rotatably connected with the transmission middle shaft (35), the spindle (32) is rotatably connected inside the spindle box (3), the driven reduction gear (36) is arranged on the outer wall of the spindle (32), the elastic clamp (31) is installed at one end of the spindle (32), a gear is arranged on the outer wall of the transmission middle shaft (35), and the transmission middle shaft (35) is meshed with the driving gear (33) and the driven reduction gear (36) through the gear.

4. The multi-face milling machine of claim 3, wherein: cutter head box (4) include stabilizer (41), limit axle (42), axis (43), arbor (44), blade disc (45) and cutter arbor cutter (46), the inner wall of cutter head box (4) is equipped with limit axle (42), axis (43) and arbor (44) in proper order, the outer wall of limit axle (42), axis (43) and arbor (44) all is equipped with the gear and passes through gear intermeshing, stabilizer (41) are installed to the outer wall that cutter head box (4) were stretched out to the one end of arbor (44), cutter head (45) are installed to the other end of arbor (44), cutter arbor cutter (46) are installed to the outer wall of cutter head (45).

5. The multi-sided milling machine of claim 4, wherein: universal telescopic coupling (310) are installed to the outer wall of headstock (3), the outer wall at blade disc case (4) is installed to the other end of universal telescopic coupling (310), universal telescopic coupling (310) rotate through driving shaft (34) and connect in the outside of headstock (3), the one end at limit axle (42) is installed to the one end of universal telescopic coupling (310), limit axle (42) are rotated through universal telescopic coupling (310) and axis (43) and are connected, axis (43) are rotated through limit axle (42) and arbor (44) and are connected.

6. The multi-face milling machine of claim 3, wherein: one end of the elastic clamp (31) is provided with a round hole, the axle center of the round hole is positioned outside the axle center of the elastic clamp (31), and the elastic clamp (31) is an eccentric shaft clamp.

7. A multiple-sided milling machine tool machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:

firstly, a machine tool is started to provide power to drive a belt pulley (39) to rotate, so that a driving shaft (34) drives a main shaft (32) to rotate through a driving gear (33) and a driven reduction gear (36), a rotary oil cylinder (38) contracts an elastic clamp (31) through hydraulic expansion and contraction, a machined part is clamped or loosened, and different rotation speed ratios can be adjusted by replacing the driven reduction gear (36);

secondly, respectively starting a Z-direction servo motor (21) or an X-direction servo motor (22) to enable an upper sliding plate (23) to slide on the surface of a middle sliding plate (24) or a middle sliding plate (24) to slide on the surface of a lower sliding plate (25), and forming two-axis linkage motion of straight lines, oblique lines or curves according to the processing requirements of workpieces to realize the processing of different axial external shapes;

thirdly, a cutter bar cutter (46) is installed on the surface of the cutter head (45), the universal telescopic coupling (310) drives the side shaft (42) to rotate under the action of the driving shaft (34), so that the side shaft (42) drives the middle shaft (43) to rotate, the middle shaft (43) drives the cutter shaft (44) to rotate, cutters with different angles and numbers are installed on the cutter head, and machining of different radial polyhedral shapes is achieved.