CN114613870B - Solar panel for paving pitched roof and construction mode thereof - Google Patents
Solar panel for paving pitched roof and construction mode thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114613870B CN114613870B CN202011326936.5A CN202011326936A CN114613870B CN 114613870 B CN114613870 B CN 114613870B CN 202011326936 A CN202011326936 A CN 202011326936A CN 114613870 B CN114613870 B CN 114613870B
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- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1687—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure the insulating material having provisions for roof drainage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention provides a solar cell panel for paving a sloping roof and a construction mode thereof. The solar cell panel comprises a substrate, a first bonding layer, an insulating layer, a second bonding layer, a solar cell module layer, a third bonding layer, a brightness enhancement film layer, a fourth bonding layer and a light-transmitting fluorine-containing thin film layer from below. Because the peripheral fixing area of the substrate is provided with fixing holes for fixing purposes, the solar cell panel can be manufactured on a sloping roof instead of the conventional asphalt tile and has the characteristics of water removal, moisture resistance, polar temperature resistance, wind attack resistance and the like. The solar panel can provide renewable energy sources, and the neat and uniform appearance of the solar panel can also increase the beauty of a sloping roof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar panel and a construction method thereof, in particular to a solar panel for paving a sloping roof and a construction method thereof.
Background
The progress of human civilization is represented by the reduced consumption of resources. From this point of view, the development and use of renewable or perpetual energy is also a milestone of civilization progress. Therefore, more and more countries and regions begin to emphasize the popularization of renewable energy sources, and the most remarkable achievement is the development and utilization of solar energy. In taiwan, people can often see many house roofs, factory roofs, abandoned lands, and even around public facilities, all of which are laid with solar panels. These solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy, and in addition to being available for use by electrical equipment in nearby buildings, the remaining electrical power may also be incorporated into the power grid for vending to the required units. The solar panel can be installed in large scale in taiwan, because most of the buildings in taiwan are reinforced cement structures and have the characteristics of firmness and strong wind resistance. In addition, the top designs of these buildings are also mostly planar, and the solar panels are very convenient to install. However, certain specific groupings of buildings are very disadvantageous for solar panel installations, such as pitched roof buildings using wooden structures.
In general, a pitched roof building using a wooden structure is a main form of home residence in the European and American countries. The wood is convenient to obtain, the construction price is low, and the relative house tax is also low. The sloping roof can be used for preventing water and snow and is convenient to construct. However, the erection of solar panel fixtures from the room to the outside is very unstable based on insufficient structural support and angle of the erection face. Even if it can be erected, the protruding solar panel structure is quite different from the existing sloping roof design. Therefore, if it is desired to use renewable energy sources by installing solar panels in a pitched roof building using a wooden structure, conventional construction processes and materials are known and solar panel structures are suitably modified.
The common waterproof and outermost building material of the pitched roof is asphalt tile. The asphalt shingle itself is lightweight, bendable and easy to cut, and can be secured to the roof deck of a pitched roof simply by a nail gun. In terms of waterproofing, the upper and lower rows of asphalt tiles are stacked in a manner similar to conventional tiles to form an inclined stepped structure so that rainwater can flow downward along the gradient thereof. Furthermore, a waterproof cloth (glue) layer is usually paved between the asphalt tile and the roof plate, so that rainwater is difficult to permeate downwards along nails through the waterproof cloth. If the modified solar panel can be provided with a special connecting device and waterproof treatment, and the asphalt shingle is replaced under the condition of not changing the prior construction operation, the modified solar panel can enjoy the benefit that the asphalt shingle is firmly fixed on a sloping roof (without additional fixation), and the erected house can also have an attractive and consistent appearance. However, there is no such product on the market at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a solar panel for paving a pitched roof, which comprises a substrate including a peripheral fixing area and a functional element area; a first adhesive layer laid over the functional element region; an insulating layer located above the first bonding layer and bonded with the substrate through the first bonding layer; a second adhesive layer laid over the insulating layer; the solar cell module layer comprises at least one solar cell which is positioned above the second bonding layer and bonded with the insulating layer through the second bonding layer, wherein the at least one solar cell outputs electric energy after solar energy conversion through at least two electrode wires, and the at least two electrode wires extend to the peripheral fixing area; a third bonding layer laid on the solar cell module layer and partially bonded with the second bonding layer; the upper surface of the brightness enhancement film layer is provided with a plurality of microprism structures which are positioned above the third bonding layer and bonded with the solar cell module layer through the third bonding layer; a fourth adhesive layer laid on the brightness enhancement film layer; and a transparent fluorine-containing thin film layer, the upper surface of which is provided with a plurality of three-dimensional corrugated light enhancement structures, which are positioned above the fourth bonding layer and bonded with the brightness enhancement film layer through the fourth bonding layer. The light enhancement structure guides the light from outside into the light enhancement structure, and the micro-prism structure changes the light path of the light from the transparent fluorine-containing thin film layer to make the light more towards the vertical direction of the at least one solar cell and enter the at least one solar cell for irradiation.
Preferably, a plurality of first fixing holes and a plurality of second fixing holes are respectively formed on two parallel sides of the peripheral fixing region.
Further, the substrate may be made of baked stainless steel, baked alloy steel plate, aluminum alloy or plastic.
Further, the material of the first adhesive layer may be Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) or polyolefin elastomer (Polyolefin Elastomers, POE).
Further, the second adhesive layer is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyolefin elastomer.
Further, the material of the third adhesive layer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyolefin elastomer.
Further, the fourth adhesive layer is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyolefin elastomer.
Further, the insulating layer is made of polyvinyl fluoride (Polyvinyl Fluoride, PVF) or polyethylene terephthalate (PolyethyleneTerephthalate, PET).
Further, the number of the solar cells is more than two, and electrode wires of the same electrode can be connected into an electrode bus.
Further, the stereoscopic corrugated shape of the light enhancement structure is formed in a circular shape with planes continuously adjacent to each other in an upward view direction, each circular shape having a radius of curvature of not more than 1 mm.
Further, the substrate may be square or rectangular.
The invention also discloses a construction mode of the solar cell panel for paving the sloping roof, which comprises the following steps: a) Paving a waterproof layer on a roof plate of a slope roof; b) Paving a plurality of solar panels, and arranging the side of the first fixing hole along a reference edge of the roof plate into a row; c) Fixing the solar panels on the roof plate through the first fixing holes and the waterproof layer by using nails or screws; d) Continuing the previous row of solar panels, continuously paving a plurality of solar panels into a new row, and sequentially aligning the first fixing holes of the newly paved solar panels with the second fixing holes of the previous row of solar panels; e) Using nails or screws to fix the solar panels on the roof plate through the first fixing holes, the corresponding second fixing holes and the waterproof layer; f) Repeating steps d) and e) until the solar panels fill a predetermined area of the roof panel; and g) connecting the electrode wires or electrode buses of two adjacent solar panels by using waterproof conductive adhesive tapes according to the mode that the anode is electrically connected with the cathode.
Further, the reference edge is parallel to a specific horizontal high layer or perpendicular to the specific horizontal high layer. The water-resistant layer may be a water-resistant linoleum.
Because the peripheral fixing area of the substrate is provided with fixing holes for fixing purposes, the solar cell panel can be manufactured on a sloping roof instead of the conventional asphalt tile and has the characteristics of water removal, moisture resistance, polar temperature resistance, wind attack resistance and the like. The solar panel can provide renewable energy sources, and the neat and uniform appearance of the solar panel can also increase the beauty of a sloping roof.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a solar panel for use in paving a pitched roof in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar panel along line AA';
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an electrical connection between two solar panels;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of the micro-prism structure and the light enhancement structure for changing the optical path and the functional effect;
FIG. 5 is a layout view of a solar panel;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a construction method of the solar cell panel.
Description of the reference numerals
1. Solar cell panel
1A first row solar panel
1B second row solar panel
1C third row solar panel
10. Substrate board
101. Peripheral fixing region
1011. First fixing hole
1012. Second fixing hole
102. Functional element region
11. First adhesive layer
12. Insulating layer
13. Second adhesive layer
14. Solar cell module layer
141. Solar cell
1411. Upper electrode wire
1411a upper electrode bus
1412. Bottom electrode wire
1412a bottom electrode bus
15. Third adhesive layer
16. Brightness enhancement film layer
161. Microprism structure
17. Fourth adhesive layer
18. Light-transmitting fluorine-containing thin film layer
181. Light increasing structure
2. Slope roof
21. Roof board
22. Support system
23. Waterproof layer
24. Nail with nail hole
30. Waterproof conductive adhesive tape
A position
L1 optical path
L2 optical path
L3 optical path
L4 optical path
L5 optical path
L6 optical path.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic top views of a solar panel 1 for paving a pitched roof according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar panel 1 along line AA'. For ease of illustration, fig. 1 and 2 are not drawn to scale to the actual product design. For example, the actual thickness of the solar panel 1 may be 2mm, and the length and width of the solar panel are often tens of centimeters or even more than one meter, and such design may cause the thickness of the drawing to be excessively extruded so as to not distinguish the content. The thickness of fig. 2 is thus greatly enlarged compared to its length and width. The positions among the elements are not to scale with the thickness, length and width of the elements, and the invention is not limited by the content of the drawings. Furthermore, since many technical elements of the solar panel 1 are transparent, fig. 1 only shows technical elements which can be seen in practice.
Structurally, the solar panel 1 comprises, in order from bottom to top, a substrate 10, a first adhesive layer 11, an insulating layer 12, a second adhesive layer 13, a solar module layer 14, a third adhesive layer 15, a brightness enhancement film layer 16, a fourth adhesive layer 17, and a light-transmitting fluorine-containing thin film layer 18. The characteristics, functions, materials and combinations of the above elements will be described in detail in the following text.
The substrate 10 is a base for carrying other components, and needs to have sufficient toughness, preferably heat, cold and moisture resistance, so that the substrate 10 may be made of baked stainless steel, baked alloy steel, aluminum alloy or plastic. In this example, stainless steel is used as an example. In principle, the appearance of the base plate 10 is not limited as long as there are two parallel sides to which mounting can be performed. Therefore, the shape of the substrate 10 is preferably square or rectangular, and in this embodiment, rectangular. The substrate 10 includes a peripheral fixing region 101 and a functional device region 102. The functional element region 102 is a region for stacking other technical elements, and the peripheral fixing region 101 is other than the functional element region 102, and can be used as a portion connected to the substrate 10 of the adjacent solar cell panel 1. In the present embodiment, the functional element region 102 is a rectangular region that is small as a whole with respect to the substrate 10. A plurality of first fixing holes 1011 and a plurality of second fixing holes 1012 (the positions of which are indicated by dotted lines in fig. 2) are formed on two parallel sides of the peripheral fixing region 101, respectively. In the present embodiment, the number of the first fixing holes 1011 and the second fixing holes 1012 is four. In practice, the number can be designed according to the actual requirements. The first fixing holes 1011 and the second fixing holes 1012 are used to pass through nails or screws, thereby fixing the solar cell panel 1 at the punched-through portion on the roof panel. In other embodiments, the two parallel sides may be nailed directly through the peripheral fixing area 101 without forming fixing holes, and the solar panel 1 is nailed on the roof panel.
The first adhesive layer 11 is disposed on the functional device region 102, and is made of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA). The first adhesive layer 11 may be an EVA film of a suitable size, which is hot pressed under certain conditions to cause melting, adhesion and crosslinking to solidify, so as to bond the substrate 10 and the insulating layer 12.EVA is non-adhesive at normal temperature and has anti-adhesive property, and the cured EVA film becomes completely transparent and has quite high light transmittance. The cured EVA film has the advantages of elasticity, heat resistance, moisture resistance, low temperature resistance, impact resistance and the like, has good adhesion to metal glass and plastic, and can maintain the whole stability (difficult cracking) of the solar cell panel 1. In consideration of environmental protection, the material of the first adhesive layer 11 may be a polyolefin elastomer (PolyolefinElastomers, POE) and has characteristics similar to EVA.
The insulating layer 12 is located above the first adhesive layer 11, and is adhered to the substrate 10 through the first adhesive layer 11. The purpose of the insulating layer 12 is to electrically insulate the solar module layer 14 bonded thereto from the substrate 10, and to prevent electrical energy generated in the solar module layer 14 from leaking into the substrate 10 and the background environment. In this embodiment, the insulating layer 12 is made of polyvinyl fluoride (Polyvinyl Fluoride, PVF), specifically a PVF film with a proper size, and is disposed on the first adhesive layer 11. PVF films are highly resistant and durable to sunlight, chemical solvents, acid-base corrosion, moisture and oxidation, and are suitable electrical insulation materials. In addition, polyethylene terephthalate (PolyethyleneTerephthalate, PET) may be used as the material for the insulating layer 12, and in practice, the insulating layer 12 is also a PET film of a suitable size.
The second adhesive layer 13 is laid on the insulating layer 12 for bonding the solar cell module layer 14 to the structure under itself. The second adhesive layer 13 may be made of the same material and in the same manner as the first adhesive layer 11, and will not be described here.
The solar cell module layer 14 includes at least one solar cell 141, and the at least one solar cell 141 outputs the electric energy after solar energy conversion through at least two electrode wires. In the present embodiment, the solar cell module layer 14 is formed by using two solar cells 141 connected in parallel to each other. The two solar cells 141 may be connected in series with each other. In addition, the number of the solar cells 141 may be greater, and electrically connected to each other in a serial, parallel, or parallel-serial design. Of course, the solar cell module layer 14 may include only one solar cell 141, and there is no problem of connection between the solar cells 141. Like a general solar cell, the solar cell 141 of the present invention also has an upper electrode line 1411 (shown by white-bottom wide line in fig. 1 and 2) on the upper side, belonging to the cathode; and a lower electrode line 1412 (shown as a black matrix wide line in fig. 1 and 2) located at the lower side, belonging to the anode, and having four electrode lines in total. In the simplest case, one solar cell 141, one upper electrode line 1411, and one lower electrode line 1412. The solar cell module layer 14 is located above the second adhesive layer 13, and is adhered to the insulating layer 12 through the second adhesive layer 13, thereby also being combined with the structure below the insulating layer 12. The four electrode lines are not limited to within the functional element region 102, but extend to the peripheral fixing region 101 as shown in fig. 1. According to the present invention, if the number of the solar cells 141 is more than two, the electrode lines of the same electrode may be connected as an electrode bus. As shown in fig. 1, two upper electrode lines 1411 are connected to form an upper electrode bus 1411a, two lower electrode lines 1412 are connected to form a lower electrode bus 1412a, and the function of the electrode bus is to connect the electrode lines of the same electrode together, so as to facilitate electrical connection with other solar panels 1 with a single interface. When the solar cell panel 1 is not fixed, the extending ends of the upper electrode bus 1411a and the lower electrode bus 1412a are movably flatly attached to the peripheral fixing area 101. When the solar cell panel 1 is fixed on the roof panel and is to be electrically connected with other solar cell panels 1, the extending ends of the upper electrode bus 1411a and the lower electrode bus 1412a may be bent to the outside of the peripheral fixing region 101. Regarding the manner of bending and electrical connection, please refer to fig. 3, which illustrates the manner of electrical connection between two solar panels 1. As shown in fig. 3, the extending ends of the upper electrode buses 1411a and the lower electrode buses 1412a of the two solar panels 1 are bent, and the extending ends of the lower electrode buses 1412a of the left solar panel 1 overlap with the extending ends of the upper electrode buses 1411a of the right solar panel 1 to form electrical connection. In order to maintain the electrical connection between the extended ends of the two electrode busses and prevent the ingress of external moisture, a waterproof conductive tape 30 may be applied to the lap joint. In addition, if the distance between the extended ends is too long, for example, the solar cell panel 1 is to be electrically connected across the roof, the upper electrode bus 1411a is directly connected to the extended ends of the lower electrode bus 1412a using the waterproof conductive tape 30, or the extended ends of the two electrode buses are connected using the conductive strip, which is then adhered to the extended ends of the upper electrode bus 1411a and the lower electrode bus 1412a using the waterproof conductive tape 30.
The third adhesive layer 15 is laid on the solar cell module layer 14 and partially adhered to the second adhesive layer 13, so as to adhere the brightness enhancement film layer 16 to the structure under itself. The third adhesive layer 15 may be made of the same material and in the same manner as the first adhesive layer 11, and will not be described here.
The brightness enhancing film 16 is preferably made of PET and is formed into a soft and elastic film. The brightness enhancement film layer 16 is located above the third adhesive layer 15, and is adhered to the solar cell module layer 14 through the third adhesive layer 15. The upper surface of the brightness enhancing film layer 16 has a plurality of microprism structures 161, the microprism structures 161 appearing as individual small peaks in cross-section, each small peak forming a prism in the vertical cross-section, connected to each other.
The fourth adhesive layer 17 is laid on the brightness enhancement film layer 16, and is used for bonding the light-transmitting fluorine-containing thin film layer 18 with the structure under the light-transmitting fluorine-containing thin film layer. The fourth adhesive layer 17 may be made of the same materials and in the same manner as the first adhesive layer 11, and will not be described here.
The light-transmitting fluorine-containing element thin film layer 18 is a technical element for receiving external light from the solar cell panel 1, and a high-light-transmitting teflon can be used as a material. The upper surface of the transparent fluorine-containing thin film layer 18 is provided with a plurality of three-dimensional corrugated light enhancement structures 181 which are positioned above the fourth bonding layer 17 and bonded with the brightness enhancement film layer 16 through the fourth bonding layer 17. The cross section of the light enhancement structure 181 in any horizontal direction can obtain continuous 'wave crest-wave trough' cross section edge line segments; and the upward viewing direction of the stereoscopic corrugated shape of the light enhancing structure 181 is formed in circles with planes continuously adjacent, each circle having a radius of curvature of not more than 1 mm.
Please refer to fig. 4, which is a diagram illustrating the operation and functional effects of the microprism structure 161 and the light enhancement structure 181 in changing the light path. In fig. 4, the optical paths of the incident light are indicated by single or continuous connected arrows. Due to the three-dimensional corrugated shape of the light enhancement structure 181, external multi-directional light rays can be directed therein. For example, in a light path L1, the light is refracted and directed to the light-transmissive fluorine-containing thin film layer 18; on a light path L2, the light enters the transparent fluorine-containing thin film layer 18 through primary refraction and primary total reflection; in a light path L3, since the incident angle of the light is perpendicular to the incident plane, the light does not change direction and directly enters the light-transmitting fluorine-containing thin film layer 18. Based on the above three light paths, light outside the light-transmitting fluorine-containing element thin film layer 18 can enter the light-transmitting fluorine-containing element thin film layer 18 in a larger amount. Further, the microprism structure 161 may change the optical path of the light from the light-transmitting fluorine-containing thin film layer 18 to be more directed toward the vertical direction of the two solar cells 141 and enter to be irradiated on one of the two solar cells 141. Referring to fig. 4, the light in the fourth adhesive layer 17 enters and irradiates the solar cell 141 according to a light path L4 without changing its direction; if the original direction of the light beam is deviated from the vertical direction of the solar cell 141, the light beam can correct the traveling direction of the light beam to be close to the vertical direction of the solar cell 141 according to a light path L5, and then the light beam is emitted to the solar cell 141; if the original direction of the light beam deviates from the vertical direction of the solar cell 141, the light beam may be directed to the solar cell 141 according to a light path L6 to correct the traveling direction to be close to the vertical direction of the solar cell 141. However, the incident angle of the light path L6 to the solar cell 141 is still relatively large as compared with the light path L5. The larger the angle of incidence, the less energy the solar cell 141 can convert. However, without the microprism structure 161, many incident angles of light rays are large, thereby reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 141.
The invention also discloses a construction mode of the solar panel 1 for paving the sloping roof. For a better understanding of the construction method, please refer to fig. 5 and fig. 6. Fig. 5 shows a layout work of the solar cell panel 1, and fig. 6 is a flowchart of a construction method of the solar cell panel 1. In fig. 5, a portion of the construction of a pitched roof 2 includes a roof panel 21 and a support system 22 for supporting the roof panel 21. First, the first step of the construction method is to lay a waterproof layer 23 on the roof deck 21 of the pitched roof 2 (S01). The waterproof layer 23 may use a waterproof felt. Next, a second step is to lay a plurality of solar panels, and arrange the side edges of the first fixing holes 1011 in a row along a reference edge of the roof panel 21 (S02). Here, since fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pitched roof 2, only one solar panel per row can be represented. For convenience of description, the first row of solar panels is represented as a first row of solar panels 1A. The reference edge is defined as parallel to a particular level higher layer. For example, the reference edge is 3 meters above the ground, i.e., at position a of fig. 5. In this case, the lower edge of the first row of solar panels 1A is arranged along a virtual straight line at the vertical position a, and the solar panels are installed by being constructed from below the roof panel 21 (longitudinal construction). The reference edge may also be defined as a line that runs parallel to the waterproof layer 23 in fig. 5 on the roof panel 21 vertically above a particular level, such as a 3 meter level above the vertical floor. At this time, the solar cell panel is horizontally mounted (laterally mounted) from one side to the other side of the roof panel 21.
Next, in the third step, the first row of solar panels 1A are fixed to the roof panel 21 through the first fixing holes 1011 and the waterproof layer 23 using nails or screws (S03). In the present embodiment, nails 24 are used to nail the first row of solar panels 1A to the roof panel 21 through the first fixing holes 1011 and the waterproof layer 23. Fourth step: continuing the previous row of solar panels (the first row of solar panels 1A at this time), continuously laying a plurality of solar panels into a new row, and aligning the first fixing holes 1011 of the newly laid solar panels with the second fixing holes 1012 of the previous row of solar panels in sequence (S04). For convenience of explanation, the newly laid solar cell panel is referred to as a second row solar cell panel 1B. Next, in the fifth step, nails 24 (or screws) are used to fix the second row of solar panels 1B to the roof panel 21 through the first fixing holes 1011, the corresponding second fixing holes 1012 and the waterproof layer 23 (S05).
Sixth step: step S04 and step S05 are repeated until the solar panels are laid over a predetermined area of the roof panel 21 (S06). As can be seen from fig. 5, the third row of solar panels 1C is laid in succession to the second row of solar panels 1B, also by nailing 24 to the roof panel 21 through the first fastening holes 1011, the corresponding second fastening holes 1012 and the waterproof layer 23. How many rows of solar panels are to be used, and how many solar panels are to be used per row, by looking at the size and shape of the predetermined area. In addition, whether it is a longitudinal construction or a transverse construction, all solar panels are installed obliquely on the roof panel 21, and rainwater can flow along the solar panel located above and the solar panel located below without penetrating from nails 24 to the roof panel 21 through the waterproof layer 23. Finally, the seventh step is to connect the electrode lines or electrode buses of two adjacent solar panels with waterproof conductive tape according to the way that the positive electrode is electrically connected with the negative electrode (S07). Step S07 is one of the beneficial effects of the present invention: the electrical connection between the solar panels can be simply implemented with waterproof conductive tape, both waterproof and simple to operate.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A solar panel for paving a pitched roof, comprising:
a base plate made of baked stainless steel, baked alloy steel plate, aluminum alloy or plastic, comprising a peripheral fixing area and a functional element area, wherein the functional element area is used for stacking other technical elements, and the peripheral fixing area is used as a part connected with the base plate of the adjacent solar cell panel;
a first adhesive layer laid over the functional element region;
an insulating layer located above the first bonding layer and bonded with the substrate through the first bonding layer;
a second adhesive layer laid over the insulating layer;
the solar cell module layer comprises at least one solar cell which is positioned above the second bonding layer and bonded with the insulating layer through the second bonding layer, wherein the at least one solar cell outputs electric energy after solar energy conversion through at least two electrode wires, and the at least two electrode wires extend to the peripheral fixing area;
a third bonding layer laid on the solar cell module layer and partially bonded with the second bonding layer;
the upper surface of the brightness enhancement film layer is provided with a plurality of microprism structures which are positioned above the third bonding layer and bonded with the solar cell module layer through the third bonding layer;
a fourth adhesive layer laid on the brightness enhancement film layer; and
A transparent fluorine-containing thin film layer, the upper surface of which is provided with a plurality of three-dimensional corrugated light enhancement structures, which are positioned above the fourth bonding layer and bonded with the brightness enhancement film layer through the fourth bonding layer,
the light enhancement structure guides light rays from a plurality of directions from the outside into the light enhancement structure, the micro-prism structure changes the light path of the light rays from the light-transmitting fluorine-containing thin film layer to enable the light rays to face the vertical direction of the incident surface of the at least one solar cell, the light rays enter the at least one solar cell to irradiate, and a plurality of first fixing holes and a plurality of second fixing holes are formed on two parallel side edges of the peripheral fixing area respectively.
2. The solar panel for roof-climbing according to claim 1, wherein the first adhesive layer is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyolefin elastomer.
3. The solar panel for roof-climbing according to claim 1, wherein the second adhesive layer is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyolefin elastomer.
4. The solar panel for roof-climbing according to claim 1, wherein the third adhesive layer is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyolefin elastomer.
5. The solar panel for roof-climbing according to claim 1, wherein the fourth adhesive layer is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyolefin elastomer.
6. The solar panel for paving a pitched roof according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made of polyvinyl fluoride or polyethylene terephthalate.
7. The solar cell panel for paving a pitched roof according to claim 1, wherein the number of the solar cells is two or more, and electrode wires of the same electrode are connected to form an electrode bus.
8. The solar cell panel for use in paving a pitched roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upward viewing direction of the stereoscopic corrugated shape of the light enhancing structure is formed in circles continuously adjacent to each other in a plane, each circle having a radius of curvature of not more than 1 mm.
9. The solar panel for use in paving a pitched roof of claim 1 wherein the substrate is square.
10. A construction method for a solar panel for paving a sloping roof as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
a) Paving a waterproof layer on a roof plate of a slope roof;
b) Paving a plurality of solar panels, and arranging the side of the first fixing hole along a reference edge of the roof plate into a row, wherein the reference edge is parallel to the roof plate;
c) Fixing the solar panels on the roof plate through the first fixing holes and the waterproof layer by using nails or screws;
d) Continuing the previous row of solar panels, continuously paving a plurality of solar panels into a new row, and sequentially aligning the first fixing holes of the newly paved solar panels with the second fixing holes of the previous row of solar panels;
e) Using nails or screws to fix the solar panels on the roof plate through the first fixing holes, the corresponding second fixing holes and the waterproof layer;
f) Repeating steps d) and e) until the solar panels fill a predetermined area of the roof panel; and
g) The electrode wires or electrode buses of two adjacent solar panels are connected by using waterproof conductive adhesive tapes according to the mode that the anode is electrically connected with the cathode.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the waterproof layer is a waterproof linoleum.
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