CN114608409A - Detection device and detection method for common normal of external teeth of coupler for rail transit - Google Patents

Detection device and detection method for common normal of external teeth of coupler for rail transit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114608409A
CN114608409A CN202210267661.5A CN202210267661A CN114608409A CN 114608409 A CN114608409 A CN 114608409A CN 202210267661 A CN202210267661 A CN 202210267661A CN 114608409 A CN114608409 A CN 114608409A
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China
Prior art keywords
coupler
micrometer
rod
mobile station
driving
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CN202210267661.5A
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CN114608409B (en
Inventor
武文华
闫玲
赵利玲
赵磊
李晓东
尹逊良
李卫锋
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Shandong Dongyi Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Shandong Dongyi Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

A detection device and a detection method for a common normal line of external teeth of a coupler for track traffic are used for solving the problems of low detection efficiency and inaccurate detection result of a manual bare-handed measurement mode. Detection device includes base, grip slipper, centre gripping unit and removal detecting element, and the grip slipper is fixed on the base, it carries out the centre gripping to the shaft coupling external tooth to have the centre gripping unit in the grip slipper, it includes the mobile station and sets up to remove the detecting mechanism and position control mechanism on the mobile station, around using shaft coupling external tooth axis to carry out the centre circular relative movement at place between mobile station and the grip slipper, detecting mechanism includes the micrometer, position control mechanism orders about the micrometer screw rod of micrometer and removes to contact with shaft coupling external tooth profile of tooth face. The detection method comprises the following steps of (1) fixing the external teeth of the coupler: (2) positioning a micrometer; (3) reading; (4) the average is calculated for a number of measurements. The invention can ensure the detection precision and the detection efficiency.

Description

Detection device and detection method for common normal of external teeth of coupler for rail transit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection of external teeth of couplers for rail transit, in particular to a device and a method for detecting a common normal line of external teeth of couplers for rail transit.
Background
In the prior art, when detecting the common normal line of the external teeth of the coupler for track traffic, a common normal line length micrometer is used, the common normal line length micrometer is moved to enable two measuring surfaces of the common normal line length micrometer and an involute tooth profile surface to be tangent to the vicinity of a reference circle of a gear, and then reading is carried out. During measurement, the gear is measured at four positions uniformly distributed on the circumference of the gear, and the average value of the four measurements is taken, so that the gear is qualified within a tolerance range. Because the outer teeth of the coupler for rail transit are heavy, the outer teeth of the coupler for rail transit must be placed on a workbench by a manual measuring method, then a common normal line length micrometer is moved manually, and multiple measurements need to be carried out on the outer teeth of the coupler for rail transit. In the above operation mode, on one hand, the efficiency of manual operation is low, and on the other hand, an operator is easy to fatigue and measurement errors are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for detecting a common normal of external teeth of a coupler for track traffic, which are used for solving the problems of low detection efficiency and inaccurate detection result of a manual bare-handed measurement mode.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: track traffic is with shaft coupling external tooth common normal line detection device, including base, grip slipper, centre gripping unit and removal detecting element, the grip slipper is fixed on the base, the centre gripping unit has just in the grip slipper the part that the grip slipper stretches out the grip slipper carries out the centre gripping with waiting to detect the contact of shaft coupling external tooth centre bore inner wall to the shaft coupling external tooth, it includes the mobile station and sets up to remove detecting element and position control mechanism on the mobile station, around the circumference relative movement who uses shaft coupling external tooth axis as center place between mobile station and the grip slipper, detecting element includes the micrometer, position control mechanism orders about the micrometer screw rod of micrometer and removes to contact with shaft coupling external tooth profile of tooth face.
Furthermore, a circular guide rail is fixed at the top of the base, the mobile station is connected with the guide rail in a sliding manner, and a traveling mechanism for driving the mobile station to move along the circumference where the guide rail is located is arranged on the side wall of the mobile station.
Furthermore, the centre gripping unit includes with grip slipper top sliding connection's supporting rod, order about the telescopic machanism that the supporting rod removed, the supporting rod is for following the even many that set up of circumference, just the supporting rod is along shaft coupling external tooth radial movement.
Further, telescopic machanism is including rotating the driving-disc of installing in the grip slipper be equipped with the drive groove with the supporting rod one-to-one on the driving-disc, the supporting rod bottom has the actuating lever, the actuating lever stretches into the drive inslot just drive inslot wall extrusion actuating lever drives the removal of supporting rod.
Furthermore, the detection mechanism also comprises a main detection rod and an auxiliary detection rod, the main detection rod is rotatably connected with the mobile station, a torsion spring is arranged between the main detection rod and the mobile station, and a positioning mechanism for keeping the main detection rod and the auxiliary detection rod relatively parallel is arranged on the mobile station; the auxiliary detection rod is rotationally connected with a micrometer screw of the micrometer and is in relative sliding connection with the mobile station, and the measurement surfaces on the main detection rod and the auxiliary detection rod are used for being in contact with the tooth profile surface of the external teeth of the coupler to realize the measurement of the length of the common normal line.
Furthermore, the positioning mechanism comprises an iron block fixed on the main detection rod and an electromagnet fixed on the mobile station and contacted and attracted with the iron block.
Furthermore, the position adjusting mechanism comprises a first sliding table, a first air cylinder, a second sliding table and a second air cylinder, wherein the first sliding table is connected with the moving table in a sliding mode, the first air cylinder orders the first sliding table to move, the second sliding table is connected with the first sliding table in a sliding mode, the second air cylinder orders the second sliding table to move, the moving directions of the first sliding table and the second sliding table are perpendicular to each other, and the micrometer is fixed on the second sliding table.
Furthermore, a driven gear is fixed on a knob of the micrometer, a driving motor is fixed on the second sliding table, and a driving gear meshed with the driven gear is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the common normal of the external teeth of the coupler for rail transit, which comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the outer teeth of the coupler to be detected and keeping the outer teeth of the coupler in a horizontal state;
(2) the measuring surface of the micrometer is contacted with the tooth profile surface of the external teeth of the coupler by adjusting the relative position between the micrometer and the external teeth of the coupler;
(3) reading the micrometer;
(4) and driving the relative movement between the micrometer and the outer teeth of the coupler to enable the micrometer to move to the next measuring position to perform the measuring operation again until the common normal line measurement is completed along at least four measuring points on the circumference of the outer teeth of the coupler, and finally calculating the average value of the multiple measuring data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a detection device and a detection method for a common normal line of external teeth of a coupler for rail transit, which have the following advantages:
(1) the outer teeth of the coupler are arranged on the clamping seat and are coaxially arranged with the clamping seat under the action of the clamping unit, and the moving track of a detection mechanism for detecting the outer teeth of the coupler is coaxial with the clamping seat, so that when the detection mechanism moves to other detection positions after primary detection is carried out, consistency of contact points between the detection mechanism and the outer teeth of the coupler can be ensured, and detection precision is further ensured;
(2) the invention combines the micrometer in the prior art to detect the length of the external tooth common normal line of the coupler, and the distance between the micrometer screw and the fixed side head of the micrometer can be automatically adjusted according to the requirement, so that the measuring surface of the detection mechanism is ensured to be in close contact with the external tooth common normal line of the coupler, and the detection precision is ensured;
(3) when different positions of the outer teeth of the coupler are detected, the detection mechanism and the outer teeth of the coupler are convenient to move, and time and labor are saved compared with the manual operation mode of people in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the detection device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the placement of the outer teeth of the coupling on the detecting device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the movement detection unit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the detection of the external teeth of the coupling;
FIG. 5 is an assembled view of the primary and secondary sensing levers and the position adjustment mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the moving direction of the sub-detecting rod;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the clamping unit;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the clamping unit;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamping bar;
in the figure: the base 1, 11 guide rails, 2 grip slipper, 21 spout, 22 holding rod, 221 slide bar, 222 actuating lever, 23 center pillar, 24 bearings, 25 driving discs, 251 driving groove, 3 mobile station, 31 first mounting groove, 32 main detection rod, 321 installation portion, 322 location portion, 323 iron plate, 33 torsional spring, 34 electro-magnet, 35 vice detection rod, 351 guide bar, 36 second mounting groove, 37 micrometer, 371 micrometer screw rod, 38 supporting seat, 39 perspective window, 4 camera, 5 first slip table, 51 first cylinder, 52 second slip table, 53 second cylinder, 54 drive gear, 55 driving motor, 6 running gear, 7 shaft coupling external teeth.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the detecting device of the present invention includes a base 1, a holding unit, and a movement detecting unit, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a base 1 is a basic component of the present invention, and in this embodiment, the base 1 has a circular structure. Be equipped with grip slipper 2 at the center of base 1, be equipped with the centre gripping unit on grip slipper 2, treat the centre gripping of detecting the shaft coupling external tooth through the realization of centre gripping unit. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the clamping unit includes a clamping rod 22 slidably connected to the top of the clamping seat 2, and a telescopic mechanism for driving the clamping rod 22 to move, the clamping seat 2 is also of a circular structure, a circular hole is formed in the center of the base 1, and the clamping seat 2 is located in the circular hole. The top of the clamping seat 2 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 21, each sliding groove 21 is radially arranged along the clamping seat, and the sliding grooves are uniformly arranged along the same circumference. The lower part of the clamping rod 22 is slidably mounted in the sliding groove 21 and is higher than the clamping rod part of the clamping seat, i.e. the upper part of the clamping rod is used for clamping the inner wall of the outer teeth of the coupler in a matching way. A bearing 24 is fixed on the inner side of the holder 2, the telescopic mechanism comprises a driving disk 25 fixed on the inner ring of the bearing 24, driving grooves 251 corresponding to the holding rods 22 one by one are arranged on the driving disk 25, as shown in fig. 8, a sliding rod 221 is fixed on the lower part of the holding rod, a driving rod 222 is fixed on the bottom of the sliding rod, the upper part of the driving rod is fixedly connected with the sliding rod, and the lower part of the driving rod extends into the corresponding driving groove 251. The length direction of the driving groove 251 and the sliding direction of the corresponding clamping rod 22 form an acute included angle, so that when the driving disk 25 rotates, the driving rod 222 moves relative to the driving groove, and further drives the clamping rod to move along the radial direction of the clamping seat (or the radial direction of the outer teeth of the coupling coaxially arranged with the clamping seat).
During the use, as shown in fig. 2, place shaft coupling external tooth 7 on the grip slipper for the supporting rod is located the shaft coupling external tooth inboard, then orders about the supporting rod and radially outwards removes, makes the lateral wall of supporting rod 22 and the contact of 7 inner walls of shaft coupling external tooth compress tightly, and the centre gripping unit has just realized the centre gripping to the shaft coupling external tooth this moment, and shaft coupling external tooth and grip slipper upper surface contact this moment. As shown in fig. 7, a center pillar 23 is fixed to the upper surface of the cartridge 2, and is located on the cartridge axis. The arrangement of the middle column plays a role in guiding the outer teeth of the hoisted coupler when the outer teeth of the coupler are placed on the clamping seat.
Be equipped with the mobile detection unit on base 1, as shown in fig. 3-6, the mobile detection unit includes mobile station 3, position control mechanism and detection mechanism, wherein detection mechanism includes main test rod 32, vice test rod 35 and micrometer 37, main, vice test rod is the metal pole, micrometer 37's micrometer screw 371 and vice test rod 35 rotate to be connected, and vice test rod 35 and mobile station 3 sliding connection, when micrometer 37's micrometer screw 371 rotates, vice test rod is linear motion relative to the mobile station under the micrometer screw promotes. When the measuring surfaces of the main and auxiliary detecting rods and the involute profile surface of the external tooth of the coupler are tangent to the reference circle of the gear, the reading of the micrometer 37 is the detection data. The first mounting groove 31 is formed in the mobile station 3, the middle of the main detection rod 32 is an expanded mounting portion 321, the mounting portion is rotatably connected with the mobile station, a torsion spring 33 is arranged between the mounting portion 321 and the mobile station, and the main detection rod are kept parallel under the action of the torsion spring. The main detection rod is provided with a positioning part 322, and the positioning part 322 and the measuring surface of the main detection rod are arranged on two sides of the mounting part. An iron block 323 is embedded in the positioning portion 322. An electromagnet 34 is fixed in the first mounting groove 31, and after being electrified, the electromagnet is contacted with an iron block 323, so that the main detection rod and the auxiliary detection rod are kept in a parallel state. Pressure sensors are arranged in the measuring surfaces of the main detecting rod and the auxiliary detecting rod and used for sensing the pressure between the main detecting rod and the auxiliary detecting rod and the outer teeth of the coupler, and the proper pressure between the main detecting rod and the auxiliary detecting rod and the outer teeth of the coupler represents the close contact between the measuring surfaces of the main detecting rod and the auxiliary detecting rod and the outer teeth of the coupler. The iron block and the electromagnet form a positioning mechanism for fixing the position of the main detection rod.
The moving table 3 is provided with a second mounting groove 36, and as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the position adjusting mechanism includes a first sliding table 5 slidably disposed in the second mounting groove 36, a first cylinder 51 located in the second mounting groove and driving the first sliding table 5 to move transversely, a second sliding table 52 slidably disposed on the first sliding table 5, and a second cylinder 53 fixed on the first sliding table 5 and driving the second sliding table 52 to move longitudinally. As shown in fig. 6, the main detection lever may be moved in the lateral direction or/and in the longitudinal direction by the position adjustment mechanism.
As shown in fig. 5, a support base 38 is fixed on the second sliding table, the micrometer 37 is fixed on the support base, a driven gear is fixed on a knob of the micrometer 37, a driving motor 55 is fixed on the second sliding table, a driving gear 54 is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear on the micrometer, and then the micrometer screw 371 is driven to rotate relative to the micrometer body through the driving motor. So far, the main detection rod is equivalent to a fixed measuring head of a micrometer. To guide the moving direction of the sub detection lever, a pair of guide levers 351, which are slidably connected to the second slide table, are fixed to the sub detection lever 35.
During detection, in order to facilitate the moving of the mobile station along the circumferential direction and further perform common normal line detection on different positions of the outer teeth of the coupling, as shown in fig. 1, a circular guide rail 11 is fixed at the top of the base 1, and the mobile station 3 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 11 and moves circumferentially along the guide rail 11. A walking mechanism 6 is fixed on the side wall of the mobile platform, the walking mechanism is provided with a walking motor, a transmission and a walking wheel, and the walking wheel rotates to drive the whole mobile platform to move along the guide rail. The guide rail, the base and the clamping seat are all arranged concentrically.
In order to facilitate reading of the reading on the micrometer, as shown in fig. 1, a transparent window 39 is arranged on the top of the mobile station 3, and a camera 4 is fixed on the top of the mobile station 3 and used for shooting the reading on the micrometer through the transparent window.
In this embodiment, the mobile station moves along the guide rail, moves the detection mechanism to the position where the external teeth of the coupler are different, and then carries out data measurement on different positions. As shown in fig. 4, the clamping base and the base can be rotationally connected together, and during detection, the external teeth of the shaft coupler to be detected rotate by rotating the clamping base, so that different positions of the external teeth of the shaft coupler are detected by the detection mechanism.
The working principle of the present invention is described below:
(1) the outer teeth of the coupler are lifted or hung and then placed on the clamping seat, the clamping unit is driven to act to clamp the outer teeth of the coupler, and the outer teeth of the coupler are arranged concentrically with the base, the guide rail and the clamping seat;
(2) adjusting the position adjusting mechanism of the detecting unit to act, so that the main detecting rod and the auxiliary detecting rod extend into the space between the outer teeth of the coupler, and measuring the common normal line of the outer teeth through the detecting mechanism;
(3) after one position of the outer teeth of the coupler is detected, the main detection rod and the auxiliary detection rod are moved out of the space between the teeth, then the movable table and the outer teeth of the coupler are driven to rotate relatively, so that the detection mechanism is located near the next detection position of the outer teeth of the coupler, and then the detection is carried out again until the required amount of data is obtained after the measurement is finished;
(4) and finally, taking down the external teeth of the coupler.
The method for detecting the common normal of the external teeth of the coupler for rail transit comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing the outer teeth of the coupler; placing the outer teeth of the coupler to be detected and keeping the outer teeth of the coupler in a horizontal state;
(2) positioning a micrometer; the measuring surface of the micrometer is contacted with the tooth profile surface of the external teeth of the coupler by adjusting the relative position between the micrometer and the external teeth of the coupler;
(3) reading; reading the micrometer;
(4) replacing the measuring points to calculate the average value of multiple measurements; and driving the relative movement between the micrometer and the outer teeth of the coupler to enable the micrometer to move to the next measuring position to perform the measuring operation again until the common normal line measurement is completed along at least four measuring points on the circumference of the outer teeth of the coupler, and finally calculating the average value of the multiple measuring data.
The following describes advantageous effects of the present invention:
(1) the outer teeth of the coupler are arranged on the clamping seat and are coaxially arranged with the clamping seat under the action of the clamping unit, and the moving track of a detection mechanism for detecting the outer teeth of the coupler is coaxial with the clamping seat, so that when the detection mechanism moves to other detection positions after primary detection is carried out, consistency of contact points between the detection mechanism and the outer teeth of the coupler can be ensured, and detection precision is further ensured;
(2) the invention combines the micrometer in the prior art to detect the length of the external tooth common normal line of the coupler, and the distance between the micrometer screw and the fixed side head of the micrometer can be automatically adjusted according to the requirement, so that the measuring surface of the detection mechanism is ensured to be in close contact with the external tooth common normal line of the coupler, and the detection precision is ensured;
(3) when different positions of the outer teeth of the coupler are detected, the detection mechanism and the outer teeth of the coupler are convenient to move, and time and labor are saved compared with the manual operation mode of people in the prior art.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a shaft coupling external tooth common normal line detection device for track traffic, its characterized in that, including base, grip slipper, clamping unit and removal detecting element, the grip slipper is fixed on the base, the clamping unit has just in the grip slipper the part that the clamping unit stretches out the grip slipper with wait to detect the contact of shaft coupling external tooth centre bore inner wall and carry out the centre gripping to the shaft coupling external tooth, it includes the mobile station and sets up to remove detecting element and position control mechanism on the mobile station, around the circumference relative movement who uses shaft coupling external tooth axis as center place between mobile station and the grip slipper, detecting element includes the micrometer, position control mechanism orders about the micrometer screw rod of micrometer and removes to and the contact of shaft coupling external tooth profile of tooth face.
2. The device for detecting the common normal line of the external teeth of the coupler for rail transit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a circular guide rail is fixed on the top of the base, the mobile station is slidably connected with the guide rail, and a traveling mechanism for driving the mobile station to move along the circumference where the guide rail is located is arranged on the side wall of the mobile station.
3. The device for detecting the common normal line of the external teeth of the shaft coupler for rail transit according to claim 1, wherein the clamping unit comprises a clamping rod and a telescopic mechanism, the clamping rod is slidably connected with the top of the clamping seat, the telescopic mechanism drives the clamping rod to move, the clamping rod is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the clamping rod moves along the external teeth of the shaft coupler in the radial direction.
4. The device for detecting the common normal line of the external teeth of the coupling for rail transit according to claim 3, wherein the telescopic mechanism comprises a driving disc rotatably mounted in the clamping seat, driving grooves corresponding to the clamping rods one to one are formed in the driving disc, a driving rod is arranged at the bottom of each clamping rod, the driving rod extends into the driving grooves, and the inner walls of the driving grooves squeeze the driving rod to drive the clamping rods to move.
5. The device for detecting the common normal line of the external teeth of the coupler for rail transit according to claim 1, wherein the detection mechanism further comprises a main detection rod and an auxiliary detection rod, the main detection rod is rotatably connected with the mobile station, a torsion spring is arranged between the main detection rod and the mobile station, and a positioning mechanism for keeping the main detection rod and the auxiliary detection rod relatively parallel is arranged on the mobile station; the auxiliary detection rod is rotationally connected with a micrometer screw of the micrometer and is in relative sliding connection with the mobile station, and the measurement surfaces on the main detection rod and the auxiliary detection rod are used for being in contact with the tooth profile surface of the external teeth of the coupler to realize the measurement of the length of the common normal line.
6. The device for detecting the common normal line of the outer teeth of the coupler for rail transit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises an iron block fixed on the main detection rod and an electromagnet fixed on the mobile station and contacted and attracted with the iron block.
7. The device for detecting the common normal line of the outer teeth of the coupler for track traffic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the position adjusting mechanism comprises a first sliding table slidably connected with the moving table, a first cylinder driving the first sliding table to move, a second sliding table slidably connected with the first sliding table, and a second cylinder driving the second sliding table to move, the moving directions of the first sliding table and the second sliding table are perpendicular to each other, and the micrometer is fixed on the second sliding table.
8. The device for detecting the common normal line of the external teeth of the coupling for track traffic as claimed in claim 7, wherein a driven gear is fixed on a knob of the micrometer, a driving motor is fixed on the second sliding table, and a driving gear meshed with the driven gear is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor.
9. The method for detecting the common normal of the external teeth of the coupler for rail transit is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) placing the outer teeth of the coupler to be detected and keeping the outer teeth of the coupler in a horizontal state;
(2) the measuring surface of the micrometer is contacted with the tooth profile surface of the external teeth of the coupler by adjusting the relative position between the micrometer and the external teeth of the coupler;
(3) reading the micrometer;
(4) and driving the relative movement between the micrometer and the outer teeth of the coupler to enable the micrometer to move to the next measuring position to perform the measuring operation again until the common normal line measurement is completed along at least four measuring points on the circumference of the outer teeth of the coupler, and finally calculating the average value of the multiple measuring data.
CN202210267661.5A 2022-03-18 2022-03-18 Device and method for detecting common normal line of external teeth of coupling for track traffic Active CN114608409B (en)

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CN115326816B (en) * 2022-10-11 2023-01-17 荣旗工业科技(苏州)股份有限公司 Workpiece surface detection device
CN116989647A (en) * 2023-06-28 2023-11-03 安徽瑞远管道有限公司 Pipeline coaxiality detection robot and automatic production line
CN116989647B (en) * 2023-06-28 2024-03-19 安徽瑞远管道有限公司 Pipeline coaxiality detection robot and automatic production line

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