CN114607530A - Pintle type injector adopting mechanical adjustment of injection area - Google Patents
Pintle type injector adopting mechanical adjustment of injection area Download PDFInfo
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- CN114607530A CN114607530A CN202210344524.7A CN202210344524A CN114607530A CN 114607530 A CN114607530 A CN 114607530A CN 202210344524 A CN202210344524 A CN 202210344524A CN 114607530 A CN114607530 A CN 114607530A
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- central cylinder
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/52—Injectors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pintle type injector adopting mechanical regulation of injection area, which solves the problem that the injection area of a movable sleeve of the conventional pintle type injector is regulated by balancing propellant pressure and spring force, so that system pressure fluctuation is easily caused to influence the regulation precision. The injector comprises a shell, a central barrel, a movable sleeve, a docking device and a fastener; the central cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the shell in a penetrating way, and the upper end of the central cylinder is fixedly arranged on the shell; the inner cavity of the central cylinder is used as a first propelling medium injection cavity, and the lower end of the central cylinder is provided with a radial injection hole; the movable sleeve is arranged between the central cylinder and the shell; an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the upper portion of the shell, and a second propelling medium injection cavity is formed between the inner wall of the annular groove and the movable sleeve; an annular notch is formed in the outer wall of the lower end of the movable sleeve along the circumferential direction, and comprises a first annular surface which is parallel to the axial direction of the movable sleeve and a second annular surface which is matched with the conical surface of the inner wall of the shell; the docking device is located above the central barrel, and the fastener is used for connecting the docking device and the movable sleeve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pintle injector, in particular to a pintle injector with a mechanical injection area adjustment function.
Background
Low cost, high reliability have been the main direction of rocket engine development, and re-usability is an important way to achieve low cost. The variable thrust engine is necessary to realize reusability. For the injector, the fixed injection area can be adopted for realizing variable thrust, and the injection pressure drop is changed; fixed jet pressure drops and varying jet areas may also be used.
The pintle type injector usually adjusts the injection area by a movable sleeve capable of moving up and down so as to adapt to the change of the system flow, namely when the system flow is increased, the injection area of the injector is increased; when the system flow is reduced, the injection area of the injector is reduced, so that the constant injection speed of the propellant is ensured, and higher combustion performance can be ensured when the thrust is changed in a large range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pintle type injector adopting mechanical adjustment of an injection area, and aims to solve the technical problems that an injection area of a movable sleeve of the conventional pintle type injector is adjusted by relying on balance of propellant pressure and spring force, system pressure fluctuation is easily caused to influence the adjustment precision, and adverse influence is generated on the combustion stability of the injector.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a pintle injector adopting mechanical adjustment of injection area is characterized in that: comprises a shell, a central cylinder, a movable sleeve, a butt joint device and a fastener;
the central cylinder penetrates through the upper part of the shell, the upper end of the central cylinder is fixedly arranged on the shell, the lower end of the central cylinder extends into the inner cavity of the shell, and a distance exists between the central cylinder and the shell;
the central cylinder is of a hollow structure, the inner cavity of the central cylinder is used as a first propelling medium injection cavity, the outer wall of the central cylinder is provided with a first propelling medium interface communicated with the first propelling medium injection cavity, and the end part of the lower end of the central cylinder is circumferentially provided with a plurality of radial injection holes communicated with the first propelling medium injection cavity;
the movable sleeve is arranged between the central cylinder and the shell;
an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the upper portion of the shell, a second propelling medium jetting cavity is formed between the inner wall of the annular groove and the outer wall of the movable sleeve, and a second propelling medium interface communicated with the second propelling medium jetting cavity is formed in the outer wall of the shell;
the lower end of the movable sleeve is positioned outside the radial injection hole, an annular notch is formed in the outer wall of the movable sleeve along the circumferential direction, the annular notch comprises a first annular surface and a second annular surface, the included angle of the first annular surface and the included angle of the second annular surface are obtuse, the first annular surface is parallel to the axial direction of the movable sleeve, the second annular surface and the inner wall of the shell are in conical surface fit, and an annular seam injection channel communicated with the second propelling medium injection cavity is formed between the first annular surface and the second annular surface;
the butt joint device is positioned above the central cylinder, and the fastener is used for connecting the butt joint device and the movable sleeve;
the butt joint device is used for being connected with an external driving mechanism, and under the action of the external driving mechanism, the movable sleeve is driven to move up and down through the butt joint device and the fastening piece so as to change the distance between the second annular surface and the inner wall of the shell and the shielding area of the movable sleeve on the radial injection hole.
Furthermore, the central cylinder comprises a sleeve penetrating through the shell, an annular connecting plate arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the sleeve and positioned above the shell, and a connecting cylinder of which the upper end is coaxially connected with the outer end of the annular connecting plate;
the lower end of the connecting cylinder is fixed on the shell;
the outer wall of the upper end of the movable sleeve is provided with a flange plate positioned among the annular connecting plate, the connecting cylinder and the shell;
the lower end of the fastener is connected with the flange.
Furthermore, the movable sleeve comprises a first shaft section, a conical connecting section and a second shaft section which are coaxially fixed from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the second shaft section is smaller than that of the first shaft section;
the big end of the conical connecting section is connected with the lower end of the first shaft section, the small end of the conical connecting section is connected with the upper end of the second shaft section, and the conical connecting section is matched with the upper end of the annular groove.
Furthermore, the fastener is a plurality of locking screws arranged along the circumferential direction of the butt joint device, each locking screw penetrates through the butt joint device and the central cylinder in sequence and then is fixedly connected with the movable sleeve, and the locking screws are in clearance fit with the central cylinder.
Further, the butting device is a connecting flange.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the adjusting mode of the movable sleeve of the pintle type injector is completely independent of the flow pressure of a system, but the movable sleeve is driven by an external driving mechanism to carry out mechanical adjustment, so that the adjusting precision is well ensured, and the combustion stability of the injector is not adversely affected.
2. The position of the movable sleeve of the pintle injector is accurately positioned through the external driving mechanism, the injection area can be accurately adjusted while the injection area is accurately adjusted, the consistency of multiple adjustments is ensured, system pressure fluctuation is not caused in the dynamic adjustment process, and the pintle injector is favorable for injection combustion stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pintle injector of the present invention employing mechanical adjustment of the injection area;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at I;
wherein the reference numbers are as follows:
1-a housing, 11-an annular groove, 12-a second propulsion medium interface;
2-central cylinder, 21-sleeve, 22-annular connecting plate, 23-connecting cylinder, 24-first propelling medium injection cavity, 25-first propelling medium interface and 26-radial injection hole;
3-a movable sleeve 31-a first shaft section 32-a conical connecting section 33-a second shaft section 34-an annular notch 341-a first annular surface 342-a second annular surface 35-a circular seam injection channel 36-a flange plate;
4-docking means, 5-fasteners, 6-external drive mechanisms.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the pintle type injector adopting the mechanical injection area adjustment mainly comprises a shell 1, a central cylinder 2, a movable sleeve 3, a docking device 4 and a fastener 5, wherein the central cylinder 2, the movable sleeve 3 and the shell 1 are sequentially and concentrically arranged from inside to outside, and the fastener 5 is used for connecting the movable sleeve 3 with the docking device 4 positioned above the shell 1.
The central cylinder 2 is arranged on the upper part of the shell 1 in a penetrating way, the upper end of the central cylinder is fixedly arranged on the shell 1, the lower end of the central cylinder extends into the inner cavity of the shell 1, and a distance exists between the central cylinder 2 and the shell 1. Specifically, the central cylinder 2 comprises a sleeve 21 arranged in the shell 1 in a penetrating manner, an annular connecting plate 22 arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the sleeve 21 and positioned above the shell 1, and a connecting cylinder 23 with the upper end coaxially connected with the outer end of the annular connecting plate 22, wherein the lower end of the connecting cylinder 23 is fixed on the shell 1; the sleeve 21 is of a hollow structure, the inner cavity of the sleeve is used as a first propelling medium injection cavity 24, a distance exists between the outer wall of the sleeve 21 and the shell 1, the outer wall of the sleeve 21 is provided with a first propelling medium interface 25 communicated with the first propelling medium injection cavity 24, and the lower end of the sleeve is circumferentially provided with a plurality of radial injection holes 26 communicated with the first propelling medium injection cavity 24.
The movable sleeve 3 is arranged between the central cylinder 2 and the shell 1, the outer wall of the upper end of the movable sleeve 3 is provided with a flange 36 positioned between the annular connecting plate 22, the connecting cylinder 23 and the shell 1, the lower end of the movable sleeve is positioned outside the radial injection hole 26, and the movable sleeve 3 can move up and down along the axial direction of the central cylinder 2 relative to the central cylinder 2 and the shell 1.
An annular groove 11 is formed in the inner wall of the upper portion of the shell 1, a second propelling medium jetting cavity is formed between the inner wall of the annular groove 11 and the outer wall of the movable sleeve 3, and a second propelling medium interface 12 communicated with the second propelling medium jetting cavity is formed in the outer wall of the shell 1.
An annular gap 34 is formed in the outer wall of the lower end of the movable sleeve 3 along the circumferential direction, the annular gap 34 comprises a first annular surface 341 and a second annular surface 342, the included angle of the first annular surface 341 and the second annular surface 342 is an obtuse angle, the first annular surface 341 is parallel to the axial direction of the movable sleeve 3, the second annular surface 342 and the inner wall of the shell 1 are in conical surface fit, and an annular seam injection channel 35 communicated with the second propelling medium injection cavity is formed between the first annular surface 341 and the second annular surface 342; the movable sleeve 3 of the embodiment comprises a first shaft section 31, a conical connecting section 32 and a second shaft section 33 which are coaxially fixed from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the second shaft section 33 is smaller than that of the first shaft section 31; the big end of the cone-shaped connecting section 32 is connected with the lower end of the first shaft section 31, the small end is connected with the upper end of the second shaft section 33, and the cone-shaped connecting section 32 is matched with the upper end of the annular groove 11.
The docking device 4 is located above the central cylinder 2 and the fastener 5 is used to connect the docking device 4 and the movable sleeve 3, while the docking device 4 is used to connect with the external drive mechanism 6. This embodiment interfacing apparatus 4 is flange, outside actuating mechanism 6 is the coaxial outside actuating motor that sets up at the flange upper surface, fastener 5 is a plurality of locking screws that set up along flange circumference, every locking screw passes flange in proper order, cyclic annular connecting plate 22 back, with ring flange 36 fixed connection, realize interfacing apparatus 4 and movable sleeve 3's fixed, set up the mounting hole that supplies locking screw to pass on the cyclic annular connecting plate 22, and locking screw and cyclic annular connecting plate 22 are clearance fit.
In the needle-latch injector of the embodiment, the shell 1 and the central barrel 2 are fixed elements, and the external driving mechanism 6 is connected with the movable sleeve 3 through the butting device 4 and the fastening piece 5; under the action of the external driving mechanism 6, the movable sleeve 3 is driven to move up and down through the butting device 4 and the fastening piece 5 so as to change the distance h1 between the second annular surface 342 and the inner wall of the shell 1 and change the effective aperture h2 of the radial injection hole 26, which is shown in fig. 2; wherein, the change of the distance h1 between the second ring surface 342 and the inner wall of the shell 1 is the change of the cross-sectional dimension of the annular injection channel 35, namely the change of the injection area of the second propelling medium; the change of the effective aperture h2 of the radial injection holes 26, i.e. the change of the shielding area of the radial injection holes 26 by the movable sleeve 3, the area not shielded by the radial injection holes 26 is the effective injection aperture, i.e. the change of the first propellant injection area. Therefore, the movable sleeve 3 is driven by the external driving mechanism 6 to move up and down, so that h1 and h2 are adjusted, and the injection areas of two propelling media are adjusted.
The pintle injector of the present embodiment has the following advantages over the existing pintle injectors:
the movable sleeve of the existing needle-bolt type injector is provided with a spring above the movable sleeve, when the flow pressure of a system changes, the movable sleeve reaches a new balance position under the interaction of the system pressure and the spring force, so that the injection area is adjusted, but in the adjusting mode, the adjusting process of the movable sleeve is a dynamic process, system pressure fluctuation is easily caused, the adjusting precision is influenced, and adverse influence is generated on the combustion stability of the injector, while in the adjusting mode of the movable sleeve 3 in the embodiment, the movable sleeve 3 is driven by an external actuating motor to be mechanically adjusted without depending on the system flow pressure, so that the adjusting precision is well ensured, and the combustion stability of the injector is not adversely influenced.
The position of the movable sleeve 3 of the needle-bolt type injector can be accurately positioned through the external driving mechanism 6, so that the injection area can be accurately adjusted, the consistency of multiple adjustments is ensured, system pressure fluctuation cannot be caused in the dynamic adjustment process, and the injection combustion stability is facilitated.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and any modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the main technical idea of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A pintle injector using mechanical adjustment of injection area, comprising: comprises a shell (1), a central cylinder (2), a movable sleeve (3), a butt joint device (4) and a fastener (5);
the central cylinder (2) penetrates through the upper part of the shell (1), the upper end of the central cylinder is fixedly arranged on the shell (1), the lower end of the central cylinder extends into the inner cavity of the shell (1), and a distance exists between the central cylinder (2) and the shell (1);
the central barrel (2) is of a hollow structure, the inner cavity of the central barrel is used as a first propelling medium jetting cavity (24), the outer wall of the central barrel (2) is provided with a first propelling medium interface (25) communicated with the first propelling medium jetting cavity (24), and the lower end part of the central barrel is circumferentially provided with a plurality of radial jetting holes (26) communicated with the first propelling medium jetting cavity (24);
the movable sleeve (3) is arranged between the central cylinder (2) and the shell (1);
an annular groove (11) is formed in the inner wall of the upper portion of the shell (1), a second propelling medium jetting cavity is formed between the inner wall of the annular groove (11) and the outer wall of the movable sleeve (3), and a second propelling medium interface (12) communicated with the second propelling medium jetting cavity is formed in the outer wall of the shell (1);
the lower end of the movable sleeve (3) is positioned outside the radial injection hole (26), an annular notch (34) is formed in the outer wall of the movable sleeve along the circumferential direction, the annular notch (34) comprises a first annular surface (341) and a second annular surface (342) which form an obtuse angle, the first annular surface (341) is parallel to the axial direction of the movable sleeve (3), the second annular surface (342) is in conical surface fit with the inner wall of the shell (1), and an annular seam injection channel (35) communicated with the second propelling medium injection cavity is formed between the first annular surface and the second annular surface;
the butt joint device (4) is positioned above the central cylinder (2), and the fastener (5) is used for connecting the butt joint device (4) and the movable sleeve (3);
the butt joint device (4) is used for being connected with an external driving mechanism (6), and under the action of the external driving mechanism (6), the movable sleeve (3) is driven to move up and down through the butt joint device (4) and the fastening piece (5) so as to change the distance between the second annular surface (342) and the inner wall of the shell (1) and the shielding area of the movable sleeve (3) on the radial injection hole (26).
2. The pintle injector with mechanical adjustment of injection area of claim 1, wherein: the central cylinder (2) comprises a sleeve (21) arranged in the shell (1) in a penetrating mode, an annular connecting plate (22) arranged on the outer wall of the upper portion of the sleeve (21) and located above the shell (1), and a connecting cylinder (23) of which the upper end is coaxially connected with the outer end of the annular connecting plate (22);
the lower end of the connecting cylinder (23) is fixed on the shell (1);
the outer wall of the upper end of the movable sleeve (3) is provided with a flange (36) positioned among the annular connecting plate (22), the connecting cylinder (23) and the shell (1);
the lower end of the fastener (5) is connected with the flange plate (36).
3. The pintle injector with mechanical adjustment of injection area of claim 2, wherein: the movable sleeve (3) comprises a first shaft section (31), a conical connecting section (32) and a second shaft section (33) which are coaxially fixed from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the second shaft section (33) is smaller than that of the first shaft section (31);
the big end of the conical connecting section (32) is connected with the lower end of the first shaft section (31), and the small end of the conical connecting section is connected with the upper end of the second shaft section (33).
4. The pintle injector with mechanical adjustment of the injection area according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the fastener (5) is a plurality of locking screws arranged along the circumferential direction of the butt joint device (4), each locking screw penetrates through the butt joint device (4) and the central cylinder (2) in sequence and then is fixedly connected with the movable sleeve (3), and the locking screws are in clearance fit with the central cylinder (2).
5. The pintle injector with mechanical adjustment of injection area of claim 4, wherein: the butt joint device (4) is a connecting flange.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210344524.7A CN114607530B (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Needle bolt type injector adopting mechanical adjustment of injection area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210344524.7A CN114607530B (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Needle bolt type injector adopting mechanical adjustment of injection area |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114607530A true CN114607530A (en) | 2022-06-10 |
| CN114607530B CN114607530B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210344524.7A Active CN114607530B (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Needle bolt type injector adopting mechanical adjustment of injection area |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114810421A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-07-29 | 东方空间(西安)宇航技术有限公司 | Adjustable pintle injector and rocket engine |
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| CN104196651A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-12-10 | 中国航天科技集团公司第六研究院第十一研究所 | Adjustable coaxial double-slotting bolt type inspirator |
| CN104234870A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-12-24 | 中国航天科技集团公司第六研究院第十一研究所 | Slotted coaxial pintle type injector thrust chamber |
| CN113006969A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-22 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Gas-liquid injector for depth variable thrust rocket engine |
| CN113294264A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-24 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Double-component variable-thrust rotary detonation rocket engine based on pintle injector |
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-
2022
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| US3561898A (en) * | 1968-04-27 | 1971-02-09 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Form locking mounting for combustion chamber injector |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114810421A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-07-29 | 东方空间(西安)宇航技术有限公司 | Adjustable pintle injector and rocket engine |
| CN114810421B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-23 | 东方空间(西安)宇航技术有限公司 | Adjustable pintle injector and rocket engine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114607530B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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