CN114606616A - Spinning and splitting method for PTT/PET composite yarn - Google Patents
Spinning and splitting method for PTT/PET composite yarn Download PDFInfo
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- CN114606616A CN114606616A CN202210272823.4A CN202210272823A CN114606616A CN 114606616 A CN114606616 A CN 114606616A CN 202210272823 A CN202210272823 A CN 202210272823A CN 114606616 A CN114606616 A CN 114606616A
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- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 34
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/18—Separating or spreading
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
- D01D5/16—Stretch-spinning methods using rollers, or like mechanical devices, e.g. snubbing pins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a PTT/PET composite yarn spinning and dividing method, which comprises the following steps: 1) drying the slices; 2) melt spinning; 3) melt extrusion; 4) cooling and drafting; 5) and (6) mechanically dividing the filaments. The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the fusion degree of the two melts is reduced in the spinning process, the extrusion swelling is reduced, and conditions are created for yarn splitting; (2) a mechanical filament separating device is added, which is beneficial to filament separation between monofilaments and can separate two components; (3) the spinning method is a novel spinning method of the PTT/PET composite split fiber by controlling spinning parameters, changing the size of a spinneret orifice and increasing the splitting probability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical fiber spinning, in particular to a spinning and splitting method of PTT/PET composite yarns.
Background
The PTT/PET (polyethylene terephthalate/polytrimethylene terephthalate) composite yarn is a bicomponent side-by-side composite fiber prepared by melting and spinning two components of PTT and PET. Because PTT and PET have different mechanical properties such as thermal shrinkage rate, modulus and the like, when the fiber is heated, the two components form curls due to the shrinkage difference. This type of crimp does not require deformation processing, is a spontaneously formed permanent crimp that macroscopically behaves like a three-dimensional helical spring-like structure, and is therefore referred to as a "self-curling elastic fiber" or "self-curling fiber". The crimp has the advantages that the elasticity is lasting and stable, the elastic elongation is far better than that of PTT or PET single-component fibers, the elastic recovery rate of the fabric is often better than that of an amino-containing spandex fabric, the elastic elongation is close to that of a spandex fabric, the bulkiness is excellent, the wool has the bulkiness feeling, and the stretch-stretch yarn is excellent after spandex.
If two components in the parallel composite yarn can be adjusted by controlling the spinning parameters in the spinning process, the application of the composite yarn can be greatly expanded. The PTT/PET two components are tightly combined and are PTT/PET parallel composite filaments; the components are not tightly combined, and after treatment, the two components are separated, so that the PTT and PET superfine fibers can be obtained. PTT and PET are both aromatic polyesters, have similar structures and are difficult to separate, and the PTT and the PET are rarely separated by a filament separation process at present. At present, the PA/PET composite fiber is generally adopted in production to produce orange segment type superfine fiber, because the two are easy to separate. However, the PTT/PET composite fiber has better mechanical property and better PTT stain resistance, and has wider application prospect in the fields of carpets and synthetic leather.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the difficult problem of separating PTT/PET composite filaments and reasonably regulate and control the combination state of the two components, and provides a PTT/PET composite filament spinning and separating method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a spinning and yarn dividing method of PTT/PET parallel composite yarns comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the slices
In order to remove water in the chips and improve the crystallinity and the softening point of the chips, the two polyester chips (PTT and PET chips) are dried respectively, and continuous drying is carried out by selecting hot air drying equipment, and the drying is divided into a pre-crystallization stage and a post-crystallization stage.
A pre-crystallization stage, wherein the air inlet temperature is 120-150 ℃, and the pre-crystallization time is 15-20 min; and in the post-crystallization stage, the air inlet temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the total drying time is 3-5 h.
(2) Melt spinning
And respectively carrying out high-temperature melting on the PTT and PET slices in different screw extruders by adopting a double-screw extruder. And extruding the melt in a screw extruder, filtering out particles and impurities which are not melted, feeding the filtered melt into a metering pump, and finally feeding the filtered melt into a spinning assembly for spinning. The two components are merged in the spinning assembly and enter the same spinneret orifice for extrusion. This step should minimize the melt temperature and reduce the melt mixing.
Preferably, the temperature of the screw extruder is 260-290 ℃, and the temperature of the metering pump and the spinning assembly is 270-300 ℃.
(3) Swelling of melt by extrusion
In order to increase the yarn dividing probability, the spinning temperature of the two melts is slightly lower than that of the ordinary melt, in order to reduce the inlet effect, a spinneret orifice with a larger long diameter is adopted, the extrusion expansion effect of the melts is reduced, and the bonding tightness of the PTT and PET melts is reduced, so that the prerequisite condition is created for the subsequent yarn dividing.
Preferably, the chamfer angle of the spinneret orifice inlet hole is 10-25 degrees, and the diameter D of the guide holeR0.8-1.5mm, and the convergence angle between the guide hole and the micropore is 60-80 degrees; diameter d of the micropores00.1-0.5mm, length L of pore passage of micropore and diameter d of micropore0Ratio (length-to-diameter ratio L/d)0) Is 1.5-10.
(4) Cooled drawing
After the melt is extruded from a spinneret orifice, the melt is cooled by side-blown air and is drawn and oriented by a hot drawing roller, and the melt is slowly solidified into fibers.
Preferably, the temperature of the cross air blow is 21-23 ℃, the humidity is 70% -80%, and the air speed is 0.5-0.7 m/s. Cooling and simultaneously adopting hot drafting rollers (temperature 160-170 ℃) to draft, wherein the draft ratio is 1.2-2.2.
(5) Mechanical yarn dividing device
After the melt temperature is reduced, the blending time is reduced and the drafting is increased, the yarn splitting device is assisted to split yarns. The tow after being drafted collides with a baffle, a swaying roller, a vibrating plate and the like, and two components which are originally combined and untight are separated through mechanical motion, so that the purpose of splitting the tow is achieved. The drawn filaments encounter a deflecting baffle under the action of an air stream.
Preferably, the angle of the baffle is 15-45 degrees, and the frequency of the wire swinging roller is lower than 400 Hz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the spinning process, the degree of mutual fusion of the melts is reduced by controlling the spinning temperature and the blending time. In the extrusion process from the spinneret orifice, the extrusion swelling phenomenon is fully utilized by changing the shape and the size of the spinneret orifice, and a prerequisite condition is created for filament splitting.
(2) The invention realizes the filament separation between the single filaments in the composite filament through the filament separation device at the cooling drafting position, and also realizes the separation of two components by separating the PTT and PET components which are originally combined together through mechanical impact.
(3) The invention realizes the separation of two components by controlling spinning parameters and changing spinneret orifices to separate the PTT/PET parallel composite filaments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the spinning process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic drawing of a spinneret.
FIG. 3 is a view of the orifice structure.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A PTT/PET composite yarn spinning and dividing method is disclosed, the spinning process flow is shown in figure 1, the spinning steps are as follows:
(1) drying the slices
Putting two different slices of PTT and PET into a drying device, wherein the hot air drying device is selected at the time, the pre-crystallization temperature is 140 ℃, and the pre-crystallization time is 20 min. After the pre-crystallization, the slices are respectively continuously dried at the drying temperature of 180 ℃ for 3.5 h.
(2) Melt spinning
A twin screw extruder was used to melt the PTT and PET components separately. In the melt spinning process, two polyester chips are respectively placed into a screw extruder, the screw extruder is divided into 3 zones, the temperatures of the different zones are different, and the average temperature of the screw is 270 ℃. After high-temperature melting, the melt is filtered and then enters a metering pump and then enters a spinning assembly, and in order to keep the melt not to be cooled, the average temperature of the metering pump and the spinning assembly is 280 ℃.
(3) Swelling by melt extrusion
The PTT and PET components enter the same spinneret orifice to be extruded, so that the fusion time of the melt is reduced as much as possible, and the mixing degree of the melt is reduced. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of extrusion swelling is reduced as much as possible so as to avoid increasing melt adhesion. Thus, the spinneret orifice entrance hole chamfer is 20 DEG, the guide hole diameter DR1.2mm, the convergence angle between the guide hole and the micropore is 75 degrees; diameter d of the micropores00.5mm and the micropore length-diameter ratio of 4.
(4) Cooled drawing
Cooling by cross air blow at 23 deg.C, humidity of 70% and air speed of 0.5 m/s. And (3) cooling and simultaneously drawing by adopting a hot drawing roller with the temperature of 170 ℃, wherein the drawing ratio is 1.8.
(5) Mechanical yarn dividing device
The frequency of the silk swinging roller is 400Hz, the silk bundle is dragged to collide with the baffle which is obliquely arranged, and the angle of the baffle is 15 degrees.
The PTT/PET composite yarn prepared in example 1 was cut into pieces, and the yarn separation was observed. The results show that about 36% of the two components of filament PTT and PET are separated in example 1.
Example 2
A PTT/PET composite yarn spinning and dividing method comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the slices
Putting two different slices of PTT and PET into a drying device, wherein the hot air drying device is selected at the pre-crystallization temperature of 150 ℃ for 15 min. After the pre-crystallization, the slices are respectively continuously dried at the drying temperature of 170 ℃ for 3 h.
(2) Melt spinning
A twin screw extruder was used to melt the PTT and PET components separately. In the melt spinning process, two polyester chips are respectively placed into a screw extruder, the screw extruder is divided into 3 zones, the temperatures of the different zones are different, and the average temperature of the screw is 270 ℃. After high-temperature melting, the melt is filtered and then enters a metering pump and then enters a spinning assembly, and the average temperature of the metering pump and the spinning assembly is 275 ℃.
(3) Melt extrusion
The PTT and PET components enter the same spinneret orifice to be extruded, so that the fusion time of the melt is reduced as much as possible, and the mixing degree of the melt is reduced. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of extrusion swelling is reduced as much as possible so as to avoid increasing melt adhesion. Thus, the spinneret orifice entrance hole chamfer is 20 DEG, the guide hole diameter DR1.2mm, the convergence angle between the guide hole and the micropore is 70 degrees; diameter d of the micropores00.4mm, and a micropore aspect ratio of 4.5.
(4) Cooled drawing
Cooled by cross air blow, the temperature of the cross air blow is 21 ℃, the humidity is 75 percent, and the wind speed is 0.6 m/s. And (3) cooling and simultaneously drawing by adopting a hot drawing roller with the temperature of 160 ℃, wherein the drawing ratio is 1.9.
(5) Mechanical yarn dividing device
The frequency of the silk swinging roller is 400Hz, the silk bundle is dragged to collide with the baffle which is obliquely arranged, and the angle of the baffle is 25 degrees.
The PTT/PET composite yarn prepared in example 2 was cut into pieces, and the yarn separation was observed. The results show that about 28% of the two components of filament PTT and PET are separated in example 2.
The above examples show that the process of the invention promotes the separation of the components of the two filaments. If the separation is continued, the reduction treatment is carried out in a proper amount, so that the probability of component separation can be increased.
Claims (5)
1. A PTT/PET composite yarn spinning and dividing method is characterized by comprising the following spinning processes:
1) and (3) slicing and drying: PTT and PET slices are dried continuously in hot air drying equipment;
2) melt spinning: carrying out high-temperature melting on the dried PTT and PET slices in a double-screw extruder, extruding and filtering a melt, feeding the melt into a metering pump, finally feeding the melt into a spinning assembly, converging the melt, and then extruding the melt from the same spinneret orifice;
3) melt extrusion swelling: special spinneret orifices are adopted to reduce the extrusion expansion effect of the melt, so that the chamfer angle of the inlet orifice of the spinneret orifice is 10-25 degrees, and the diameter D of the guide holeR0.8-1.5mm, and the convergence angle between the guide hole and the micropore is 60-80 degrees; diameter d of the micropores00.1-0.5mm, length L of pore passage of micropore and diameter d of micropore0The ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.5-10;
4) cooling and drafting: after the melt is extruded from a spinneret orifice, a hot drawing roller is adopted for drawing while side-blowing cooling, and the melt is solidified into fibers;
5) mechanical filament splitting: after being drafted, the filament bundle collides with a deflection baffle, a filament swinging roller and a vibrating plate to divide filaments.
2. The spinning and dividing method of PTT/PET composite filament, as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1), the continuous drying is divided into two stages of pre-crystallization drying and post-crystallization drying, the inlet air temperature in the pre-crystallization drying stage is 120-150 ℃, the pre-crystallization time is 15-20min, the inlet air temperature in the post-crystallization drying stage is 160-180 ℃, and the total drying time is 3-3.5 h.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the twin-screw extruder in step 2) is 260-290 ℃, and the temperature of the metering pump and the spinning assembly is 270-300 ℃.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 4), the temperature of the cross-air is 21-23 ℃, the humidity is 70-80%, the air speed is 0.5-0.7m/s, the temperature of the hot drawing roller is 160-170 ℃, and the draw ratio is 1.2-2.2.
5. The method for spinning and dividing the PTT/PET composite yarns according to claim 1, wherein the angle of the deflection baffle is 15-45 degrees, and the frequency of the yarn swinging roller is lower than 400 Hz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210272823.4A CN114606616A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Spinning and splitting method for PTT/PET composite yarn |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210272823.4A CN114606616A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Spinning and splitting method for PTT/PET composite yarn |
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| CN114606616A true CN114606616A (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN202210272823.4A Pending CN114606616A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Spinning and splitting method for PTT/PET composite yarn |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2622203Y (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-06-30 | 中国石化仪征化纤股份有限公司 | Sepecial holes type spinneret plate |
| EP2377675A1 (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-19 | 3B-Fibreglass SPRL | Impregnation assembly and method for manufacturing a composite structure reinforced with long fibers |
| CN102242406A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-11-16 | 浙江尤夫高新纤维股份有限公司 | Spinneret plate special for high-strength polyester industrial yarns |
| CN104711690A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-06-17 | 江苏江南高纤股份有限公司 | High-elasticity hollow wool type continuous polyester fiber preparing method |
| CN205774950U (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-12-07 | 浙江尤夫高新纤维股份有限公司 | A kind of high mould lower shrinkage spinneret |
| CN110578207A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-12-17 | 东纶科技实业有限公司 | Swing type net forming equipment for spinning net forming non-woven fabric |
| CN111041575A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 深圳市宏翔新材料发展有限公司 | High-moisture-conductivity polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-03-18 CN CN202210272823.4A patent/CN114606616A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| CN2622203Y (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-06-30 | 中国石化仪征化纤股份有限公司 | Sepecial holes type spinneret plate |
| EP2377675A1 (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-19 | 3B-Fibreglass SPRL | Impregnation assembly and method for manufacturing a composite structure reinforced with long fibers |
| CN102242406A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-11-16 | 浙江尤夫高新纤维股份有限公司 | Spinneret plate special for high-strength polyester industrial yarns |
| CN104711690A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-06-17 | 江苏江南高纤股份有限公司 | High-elasticity hollow wool type continuous polyester fiber preparing method |
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| CN110578207A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-12-17 | 东纶科技实业有限公司 | Swing type net forming equipment for spinning net forming non-woven fabric |
| CN111041575A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 深圳市宏翔新材料发展有限公司 | High-moisture-conductivity polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| Title |
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