CN114602990A - Pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism - Google Patents
Pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114602990A CN114602990A CN202210247895.3A CN202210247895A CN114602990A CN 114602990 A CN114602990 A CN 114602990A CN 202210247895 A CN202210247895 A CN 202210247895A CN 114602990 A CN114602990 A CN 114602990A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZYBNERJTDVKVJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe]N Chemical compound [Fe]N ZYBNERJTDVKVJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting a hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism, which comprises an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a supporting and guiding mechanism, a vertical hydraulic cylinder fixed on the upper cross beam and a workbench fixed on the lower cross beam, wherein the upper cross beam is provided with a clamping mechanism; the movable cross beam is arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam and can slide up and down along the supporting and guiding mechanism; the workbench is provided with a transverse forming mechanism which is used for propping against two ends of the pipe fitting to be processed, entering a die guide area to compress the pipe fitting during a forming process and pushing a material to the forming area; a mold locking plunger of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is rigidly connected with the cross slide block; the left end and the right end of the crosshead shoe are hinged with a toggle rod mechanism; the toggle rod mechanism comprises a rear toggle rod and a front toggle rod in a hinged mode, the upper end of the rear toggle rod is hinged to the upper cross beam, the lower end of the front toggle rod is hinged to the movable cross beam, and the rear toggle rod is hinged to the front toggle rod through a connecting rod; the toggle rod mechanism is used for transmitting power of the vertical hydraulic cylinder. The invention can reduce the stroke of the piston and the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder, and reduce the specification of the hydraulic cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the structure of a pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine, and particularly relates to a pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting a hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism.
Background
Tube hydroforming, also known as internal high pressure forming, is an advanced manufacturing technique for making hollow monolithic components. The internal high-pressure forming is that the pipe is used as a blank, oil is used as a pressure transmission medium, and when ultrahigh pressure is applied to the inside of the pipe, axial thrust is applied to the two ends of the pipe blank to supplement materials. Due to the resultant force of the two external forces, the tube blank generates plastic deformation and is finally attached to the inner wall of the die cavity, so that the tube blank becomes a modern plastic processing technology of parts with three-dimensional shapes.
In recent years, with the rapid development of aerospace, automobile and other industries, the internal high pressure forming technology is rapidly popularized in actual production, and is widely applied to the automobile and aerospace industries for processing and manufacturing various hollow light components. Especially in the automotive industry, such as exhaust system parts, chassis, frames, etc. Developed countries in Germany, American and Japan, which are automobile industries, form a large-scale pipe production line, and realize the flow operation of the procedures of pipe pre-bending, annealing, bulging and the like. Compared with the traditional stamping-welding process, the internal high-pressure forming part has the advantages of reducing the number of dies, reducing the production cost, shortening the processing period and the like. At present, in developed countries in Europe and America, many enterprises take the internal high pressure forming technology as an important means for enhancing the industrial competitiveness.
Because of the significant advantages of the internal high pressure forming technology, the technology gains sufficient attention in the industrial production of developed countries, with the development of forming equipment and related control technologies, the internal high pressure forming technology using fluid as a force transmission medium is rapidly developed at home and abroad, and corresponding internal high pressure forming special equipment manufacturers, such as AP & T in Sweden, SHOULER company in Germany, AMINO iron institute in Japan, and the like, are generated, and the application fields are also continuously expanded. However, such foreign specialized equipment is expensive, and is usually more than 3 times of domestic autonomous development cost. The research of internal high-pressure forming equipment in China starts late and is still in the development stage, and the full knowledge of the current situation and the understanding of the future development trend have important practical significance for promoting the further popularization of the internal high-pressure forming process in China.
A complete internal high-pressure forming production line mainly comprises internal high-pressure forming hydraulic machines, pipe bending machines, pipe cutting machines, cleaning machines, automation devices and the like. Among them, the most important equipment is an internal high-pressure forming hydraulic machine, which functions to provide a mold clamping force, a high-pressure liquid medium, an axial thrust, and the like, and controls the internal pressure and the axial thrust according to a set curve. The internal high-pressure forming hydraulic press is generally a vertical press and mainly comprises a frame, a vertical hydraulic cylinder, a movable cross beam, a workbench and the like. The vertical hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the upper cross beam, and a plunger of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is rigidly connected with the movable cross beam to drive the movable cross beam to move up and down so as to complete the opening and closing of the mold and the mold locking. At present, a large-tonnage internal high-pressure forming machine mostly adopts a mode of connecting a plurality of hydraulic cylinders in parallel to drive a movable cross beam. With the gradual increase of the size of an inner high-pressure forming part, the fillet of a pipe fitting is gradually reduced, a power source and a mold locking force of inner high pressure required by forming are also greatly increased, and in addition, a large-tonnage hydraulic cylinder is designed to be very large and heavy in order to meet the requirements of sufficient strength and rigidity, the large-tonnage high-precision hydraulic cylinder and the large-tonnage high-precision hydraulic cylinder are very difficult to manufacture and have very high cost, so that many small and medium-sized enterprises cannot buy or research and develop the large-tonnage high-pressure forming part, and the development of an inner high-pressure forming technology is limited to a certain extent.
In the high-pressure forming process in the pipe fitting, the upper die and the lower die must be centered and tightly locked and cannot be separated, for the pipe fitting with larger size, the high pressure of an internal medium during forming reaches hundreds of megapascals, and the required die locking force reaches thousands of tons, so that the hydraulic cylinder needs to provide very large thrust to lock the die; however, in the process of opening and closing the die, the hydraulic cylinder only needs to overcome the gravity of the movable cross beam and the upper die and generate certain acceleration to enable the movable cross beam to move quickly so as to improve the production rhythm, and the requirement for power which is large as that during forming does not need to be provided. The current clamping mechanism adopts the structural principle of the traditional oil press, the opening and the closing of the die are driven by the same hydraulic cylinder, so that the stroke and the specification of the hydraulic cylinder are larger and larger, the manufacturing cost of equipment is continuously improved, and the resource waste is very serious. Secondly, when the pipe fitting is formed in a high pressure mode, precise axial sealing and material supplementing are needed, the coaxiality of the punch and the pipe fitting guiding area is kept high, and the punch and the pipe fitting are interfered when the material supplementing is carried out in the axial direction. The mode locking mode that adopts at present can transmit the huge mode locking power that the pneumatic cylinder provided to the workstation for the workstation produces certain bending deformation, and this motion accuracy that can reduce axial seal accuracy and feed supplement.
In summary, the mold locking mechanism of the current pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine has defects, and particularly for a large-tonnage hydraulic machine, very serious resource waste exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the mould locking mechanism of the existing pipe hydraulic forming machine, the hydraulic toggle rod type mould locking mechanism is adopted in the hydraulic pipe hydraulic forming machine, and the hydraulic toggle rod type mould locking mechanism has good motion characteristics and mechanical characteristics. The idle stroke speed of the movable cross beam can be amplified through the toggle rod mechanism, the speed can be obviously reduced when the upper die and the lower die are close to each other, a working beat which is larger than that directly driven by a hydraulic cylinder can be obtained, and impact generated when the upper die and the lower die are closed is reduced. Meanwhile, the boosting characteristic of the toggle rod mechanism at the bottom dead center is utilized, the driving force can be amplified by dozens of times, so that great mold locking force can be obtained, the required driving force of the hydraulic cylinder can be reduced relatively by a large amount, and the hydraulic cylinder with smaller specification can be selected; by utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the toggle rod mechanism, the vertical hydraulic cylinder can be unloaded during forming and locking so as to save energy consumption. Compared with a pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine with a traditional structure, the improved hydraulic forming machine is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and beneficial to development of an internal high-pressure forming technology.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting a hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism comprises an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a supporting and guiding mechanism arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, a vertical hydraulic cylinder fixed on the upper cross beam, and a workbench fixed on the lower cross beam;
the movable cross beam is arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam and can slide up and down along the supporting and guiding mechanism;
the workbench is provided with a transverse forming mechanism which is used for propping against two ends of the pipe fitting to be processed, entering a die guide area to compress the pipe fitting during a forming process and pushing a material to the forming area;
a mold locking plunger of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is rigidly connected with the cross slide block; the left end and the right end of the crosshead shoe are hinged with a toggle rod mechanism; the toggle rod mechanism comprises a rear toggle rod and a front toggle rod in a hinged mode, the upper end of the rear toggle rod is hinged to the upper cross beam, the lower end of the front toggle rod is hinged to the movable cross beam, and the rear toggle rod is hinged to the front toggle rod through a connecting rod; the toggle rod mechanism is used for transmitting the power of the vertical hydraulic cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the mould opening and closing device has good motion characteristics, the speed of the mould opening and closing initial stage is low, and impact vibration can be reduced; the speed is high in the process of opening and closing the die, and the efficiency can be improved; the speed is reduced when the upper die and the lower die are close to each other, so that the impact generated by die assembly can be reduced.
(2) The toggle rod mechanism has good mechanical property, has good force increasing effect at the bottom dead center, and can amplify the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder by dozens of times, thereby reducing the specification of the hydraulic cylinder and saving the cost.
(3) The automatic mold locking device has a self-locking characteristic, when in mold locking, the rear toggle rod and the front toggle rod form an angle of 180 degrees, and by utilizing the self-locking characteristic, the vertical hydraulic cylinder can be unloaded when in mold locking, the pressure maintaining effect of the toggle rod mechanism resists the forming counter force, so that the energy consumption can be saved, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved.
(4) The stroke of the plunger of the hydraulic cylinder can be enlarged, so that the driving stroke of the hydraulic cylinder can be reduced, and the specification of the hydraulic cylinder is favorably reduced.
(5) The left toggle rod and the right toggle rod are symmetrically arranged, so that the capability of the rack for resisting eccentric load is enhanced, and the horizontal lateral force of the movable cross beam to the upright post when the movable cross beam bears the eccentric load is reduced.
(6) The hydraulic machine frame can be lightened, and the tonnage of the hydraulic cylinder can be effectively reduced due to the force-increasing characteristic of the toggle rod mechanism, so that the requirements on strength and rigidity can be met, the weight of the frame can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a forming hydraulic press in a mode-locked state.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a forming hydraulic press in a locked state.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the forming hydraulic machine in an open state.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the forming hydraulic machine in an open state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the toggle mechanism.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
With reference to fig. 1 to 5, a hydraulic pipe forming machine using a hydraulic toggle clamping mechanism according to the present embodiment has an overall structure including: the device comprises a vertical hydraulic cylinder 1, an upper cross beam 2, a stand column 3, a movable cross beam 4, a material supplementing hydraulic cylinder 5, a punch 6, a lower cross beam 7, a workbench 8, a connecting rod 11, a mold locking plunger 12, a cross slide block 13, a rear toggle rod 14 and a front toggle rod 15.
The workbench 8 and the axial material supplementing hydraulic cylinder 5 are arranged on the lower cross beam 7; the vertical hydraulic cylinder is arranged 1 on the upper cross beam 2, and a mold locking plunger 12 of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 1 is rigidly connected with a cross slide block 13; the connecting rod 11 is hinged with a rear toggle rod 14 and a front toggle rod 15 to jointly form a toggle rod mechanism; the upper end of the crosshead shoe 13 is rigidly connected with the mold locking plunger 12, and the left end and the right end of the crosshead shoe 13 are hinged with the toggle rod mechanism; four upright posts 3 are connected between the upper cross beam 2 and the lower cross beam 7, and the movable cross beam 4 penetrates through the four upright posts 3 and can slide up and down along the upright posts 3.
And the toggle rod mechanism is finally connected to the movable cross beam 4 and is used for transmitting the power of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 1 and driving the movable cross beam 4 to move to complete die opening and closing, die locking and die opening. The connecting rod 11 is hinged between the rear toggle rod 14 and the front toggle rod 15, and the jointly formed toggle rod mechanism has self-locking property and the effect of amplifying stroke and force, so that the stroke of the piston and the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder can be reduced, and the specification of the hydraulic cylinder can be reduced. The punch heads 6 are arranged on the plungers of the feeding hydraulic cylinders 5 on the two sides, the two punch heads 6 can enter the die guide area along the horizontal direction under the driving of the feeding hydraulic cylinders 5 to prop against the two ends of the pipe fitting to be processed, and the pipe fitting is compressed to push materials to the forming area during the forming process.
The toggle mechanism can be a plurality of sets of toggle mechanisms which are connected in series side by side through connecting rods 11, and 3 sets of toggle mechanisms are shown in the figure.
The main difference between a pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting a hydraulic toggle rod type mould locking mechanism and a traditional hydraulic machine is a transmission mechanism, a vertical hydraulic cylinder 1 is located on an upper cross beam 2, an upper mould 10 is installed on a movable cross beam 4, a lower mould 9, a material supplementing hydraulic cylinder 5, a workbench 8 and a punch 6 are located on a lower cross beam 7, an upright post 3 penetrates through the cross beam to form a whole, the upper end of a rear toggle rod 13 is hinged to the upper cross beam 2, a mould locking plunger 12 is rigidly connected with a cross slide block 13, the cross slide block 13 is hinged to a rear toggle rod 14, the rear toggle rod 14 is hinged to a front toggle rod 15 through a connecting rod 11, and the lower end of the front toggle rod 15 is hinged to the movable cross beam 4. The mold locking piston 12 drives the crosshead 13 to move up and down, and the crosshead 13 drives the toggle rod mechanism, and then the movable cross beam 4 to move up and down. When the mold is locked, the rear toggle rod and the front toggle rod form an angle of 180 degrees, the vertical hydraulic cylinder can be unloaded by utilizing the self-locking characteristic when the mold is locked, the forming counter force is resisted by the pressure maintaining effect of the toggle rod mechanism, the energy consumption can be saved, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
Claims (5)
1. A pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting a hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism comprises an upper cross beam (2), a lower cross beam (7), a supporting and guiding mechanism arranged between the upper cross beam (2) and the lower cross beam (7), a vertical hydraulic cylinder (1) fixed on the upper cross beam (2), and a workbench (8) fixed on the lower cross beam (7); it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the movable cross beam (4) is arranged between the upper cross beam (2) and the lower cross beam (7) and can slide up and down along the support guide mechanism;
the workbench (8) is provided with a transverse forming mechanism which is used for propping against two ends of the pipe fitting to be processed, entering a die guide area to compress the pipe fitting during a forming process and pushing a material to the forming area;
a mold locking plunger (12) of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is rigidly connected with a cross slide block (13); the left end and the right end of the crosshead shoe are hinged with a toggle rod mechanism; the toggle rod mechanism comprises a rear toggle rod (14) and a front toggle rod (15) in a hinged mode, the upper end of the rear toggle rod (13) is hinged to the upper cross beam (2), the lower end of the front toggle rod (15) is hinged to the movable cross beam (4), and the rear toggle rod (14) is hinged to the front toggle rod (15) through a connecting rod (11); the toggle rod mechanism is used for transmitting the power of the vertical hydraulic cylinder (1).
2. The hydraulic pipe hydroforming machine with hydraulic toggle clamping mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the transverse forming mechanism comprises feeding hydraulic cylinders disposed at the left and right ends of the forming die, the plungers of the feeding hydraulic cylinders (5) are provided with punches, and the punches (6) can enter the die guide area in the horizontal direction under the driving of the feeding hydraulic cylinders (5).
3. The hydraulic pipe hydroforming machine according to claim 1, wherein the support guide is a vertical column.
4. The hydraulic pipe hydroforming machine employing a hydraulic toggle clamping mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the toggle mechanism is multiple sets.
5. The hydraulic pipe hydroforming machine using hydraulic toggle clamping mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rear toggle link (14) and the front toggle link (15) are at an angle of 180 ° when clamping the mold.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210247895.3A CN114602990A (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210247895.3A CN114602990A (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism |
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| CN114602990A true CN114602990A (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN202210247895.3A Pending CN114602990A (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Pipe fitting hydraulic forming machine adopting hydraulic toggle rod type clamping mechanism |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102069576A (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-25 | 北京化工大学 | Mould-closing mechanism of plastic injection molding machine |
| CN102172704A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | Large-tonnage pipe internal high-pressure forming device |
| CN102527862A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 苏州市越海拉伸机械有限公司 | Flaring machine |
| CN204382688U (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-06-10 | 一重集团大连设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of internal high pressure forming hydraulic press with multi link clamping mechanism |
| CN105665511A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-06-15 | 山东多星电器有限公司 | Pot stretcher |
-
2022
- 2022-03-14 CN CN202210247895.3A patent/CN114602990A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102069576A (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-25 | 北京化工大学 | Mould-closing mechanism of plastic injection molding machine |
| CN102172704A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | Large-tonnage pipe internal high-pressure forming device |
| CN102527862A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 苏州市越海拉伸机械有限公司 | Flaring machine |
| CN204382688U (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-06-10 | 一重集团大连设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of internal high pressure forming hydraulic press with multi link clamping mechanism |
| CN105665511A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-06-15 | 山东多星电器有限公司 | Pot stretcher |
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