CN114597896B - Damping calculation method for new energy supply in balance area based on energy storage - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a damping calculation method for providing new energy based on a balance area of energy storage, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: modeling is carried out on the wind turbine generator and the stored energy, and a linearized multi-input multi-output expression form is obtained; step two: according to the control mechanism of the wind motor and the energy storage, the control of the dq axis current inner ring and the reactive outer ring of the wind motor are ignored, the wind motor is simplified into a two-order single-input single-output impedance form, and the energy storage is simplified into a one-order single-input single-output impedance form; step three: linearizing an alternating current network, and connecting a wind turbine with an energy storage balance area through an impedance matrix; step four: the second-order impedance form of the wind turbine serves as a feedforward second-order subsystem, the energy storage balance area serves as a feedback link, and virtual damping provided by the energy storage balance area to the wind turbine is achieved according to a damping torque analysis method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of virtual damping provided by energy storage to a new energy grid-connected system, in particular to a damping calculation method for providing new energy based on a balance area of the energy storage.
Background
Because wind energy has randomness, intermittence and volatility, in order to avoid serious influence on a power system caused by instability of the wind energy, at present, common research is to add energy storage into the system to buffer the influence caused by unbalanced power, so that fluctuation of new energy is inhibited based on a balance area formed by concentrating a plurality of energy storages and a same specific area, research aiming at energy storage access new energy grid connection mainly stays on the influence on the static stability of the new energy, and research on the influence of the energy storage on the dynamic stability of the new energy system is less. However, the massive utilization of wind energy and the maturity of wind power technology are urgent to research the stability of stored energy. With the deepening research on the influence of the changes of the operating conditions, the energy storage quantity and the power of the energy storage balance area on new energy grid connection, the current research is difficult to make specific evaluation indexes and quantitative analysis on the new energy grid connection.
Disclosure of Invention
The problem of quantitative analysis of the influence of an energy storage technology on the stability of new energy grid connection is solved, and therefore the virtual damping analysis method for providing parallel new energy based on the balance area of the energy storage is provided.
A damping calculation method for new energy supply based on a balance area of stored energy comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: modeling is carried out on the wind turbine generator and the stored energy, and a linearized multi-input multi-output expression form is obtained;
step two: according to the control mechanism of the wind motor and the energy storage, the control of the dq axis current inner ring and the reactive outer ring of the wind motor are ignored, the wind motor is simplified into a two-order single-input single-output impedance form, and the energy storage is simplified into a one-order single-input single-output impedance form;
step three: linearizing an alternating current network, and connecting a wind turbine with an energy storage balance area through an impedance matrix;
step four: the second-order impedance form of the wind motor serves as a feedforward second-order subsystem, the energy storage balance area serves as a feedback link, and virtual damping provided by the energy storage balance area to the wind motor is calculated according to a damping torque method.
The N energy storage balancing areas form a feedback link by searching a common node, so that the calculation difficulty of providing virtual damping by the energy storage balancing areas is reduced; the traditional multi-input and multi-output form of the wind turbine and the energy storage is changed into a single-input and single-output impedance form under the d-axis coordinate, and the application range of the damping torque analysis method is further met.
The method for calculating the damping provided by the balance area based on the stored energy to the new energy has the following beneficial effects:
1. the balance area containing a plurality of stored energy is simplified into a single-input single-output feedback link, an effective damping torque analysis range is formed, and quantitative analysis of the stored energy on the stability of new energy grid connection is facilitated.
2. The virtual damping provided by the energy storage balance area to the new energy can be calculated by adjusting the operation condition of the energy storage balance area and the change of the energy storage quantity and power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a grid-connected system of N balancing areas with energy storage connected to wind turbines according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment grid side converter control architecture;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an embodiment of an energy storage constant power control architecture;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an embodiment system linearized closed loop model;
FIG. 5 is a simplified closed loop diagram of an embodiment system.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all changes that can be made by the invention using the inventive concept are intended to be protected.
The invention provides a damping calculation method for providing new energy based on a balance area of energy storage. Firstly, modeling is carried out on a wind turbine generator and energy storage, and a linearized multi-input multi-output expression form is obtained; according to the control mechanism of the wind motor and the energy storage, the respective dq-axis current inner ring and reactive outer ring control is neglected, the wind motor is simplified into a two-order single-input single-output impedance form, and the energy storage is simplified into a one-order single-input single-output impedance form; then, the alternating current network is linearized, and the wind turbine is connected with the energy storage balance area through an impedance matrix; and finally, taking a second-order impedance form of the wind turbine as a feedforward second-order subsystem, taking the energy storage balancing area as a feedback link, and calculating virtual damping provided by the energy storage balancing area to the wind turbine according to a damping torque method.
The N energy storage balance areas form a feedback link by searching a common node, so that the calculation difficulty of providing virtual damping by the energy storage balance areas is reduced; the traditional multi-input and multi-output form of the wind turbine and the energy storage is changed into a single-input and single-output impedance form under the d-axis coordinate, and the application range of the damping torque analysis method is further met. The specific method of the invention is as follows:
1 system linearization
Grid-connected system for 1.1N energy storage balance areas to be connected into wind turbine
Fig. 1 shows a system of connecting a wind turbine to a balance area based on N energy storage, and since the capacity of an external ac system is much larger than that of the system, the external ac system can be regarded as an infinite system, and the system is divided into three parts: the first part is new energy grid connection, and the output power of a side converter of the wind turbine is P m Output power P of grid-side converter w C is a DC voltage capacitor, V dc Is a DC voltage on C, V w ＝V wd +jV wq 、I w ＝I wd +jI wq For the voltage and current, V, of new energy at the intersection point of the new energy and an alternating current network under a dq axis coordinate system cd 、V cq Is the output voltage of the grid-side converter, r w +jx w Is the net side filter impedance; the second part is N balancing areas for storing energy, the common node is P node, I pk ＝I pdk +jI pqk (k =1,2 \8230N) and V pk ＝V pdk +jV pqk The total current of the energy storage balance area flowing into the network is I p ＝I pd +jI pq The port voltage is V p ＝V pd +jV pq The impedance between the stored energy and the common node is r pk +jx pk (ii) a The third part is an AC network structure connected with a wind motor, an energy storage system and an external AC system, wherein the line reactance is r pi +jx pi (i＝1,2,3)。
1.2 wind turbine linearization
In new energy grid connection, a wind turbine access system generally adopts constant voltage control, in most of the existing researches, dynamic response of a turbine side is ignored, and according to the graph 1, delta P is shown m =0, the governing equation on the dc capacitance is,
in formula (1), the subscript "0" indicates the steady state value, and "Δ" is a slight increment of a variable at steady state, where V is wq0 =0, for increasing wind motor output power, I wq0 =0, [ delta ] P in formula (1) w It can be simplified to that,
ΔP w ＝V wd0 ΔI wd +I wd0 ΔV wd (2)
for the control of the grid-side converter, the basic control structure is shown in fig. 2, the superscript "ref" represents the reference value, K vp And K vi 、K Qp And K Qi 、K dp And K di 、K qp And K qi The proportional amplification factor and integral amplification factor, Q, of the DC voltage outer ring, the reactive outer ring, the d-axis current inner ring and the Q-axis current inner ring w And the output is the reactive output of the wind turbine. Because the frequency of the current inner loop control link of the network side converter is about 10 times of that of the direct-current voltage outer loop, the current inner loop control link can be ignored, and the method comprises the following steps
According to the figure 2 there is shown,
the linearized expression of the reactive power is as follows,
ΔQ w ＝-I wq0 ΔV wd -V wd0 ΔI wq (4)
then, the transfer function of the fan is obtained by integrating the formula (1) and the formula (4),
1.3 energy storage based linearization of equilibrium region
The energy storage neglects the influence of a reactive outer loop, constant active power control is adopted, the control block diagram is shown in figure 3, the subscript "k" in the figure is represented as the kth energy storage, and the output power is P pk +jQ pk ，K ppk And K pik 、K Qpk And K Qik 、K dpk And K dik 、K qpk And K qik The proportional amplification factor and the integral amplification factor are controlled by an active outer ring, a reactive outer ring and a dq-axis current inner ring. Also neglecting dq-axis current inner loop control, have
As can be seen from fig. 3:
neglecting the effect of the phase-locked loop, having V pdk,0 ＝V pk,0 ，V pqk,0 =0, at which time the stored energy output power is linearized,
and in the output control of the stored energy, there is Q pk,0 =0, so that in formula (8), I pqk,0 =0, so that the influence of the reactive outer loop can be neglected, and equations (6) and (7) can be combined,
1.4 AC network linearization
Without considering the line dynamics, the network model of the system is thus,
wherein Y is an admittance matrix, Δ I pd 、ΔI pq 、ΔV pq And Δ V pq For the energy storage parameter vector matrix:
ΔI pd ＝[I pd1 I pd2 …I pdN ]，ΔI pq ＝[I pq1 I pq2 …I pqN ]，
ΔV pd ＝[V pd1 V pd2 …V pdN ]，ΔV pq ＝[V pq1 V pq2 …V pqN ]
1.5 Whole System linearized closed-Loop model
According to the formula (5), the formula (8) and the formula (9), a closed-loop model of the whole system can be formed, the structural schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4, and in the ideal situation of the phase-locked loop, when the outputs of the wind motor and the energy storage are both active, the delta I is wq ＝0，ΔV wq ＝0，ΔI pq ＝0，ΔV pq =0, the network relation matrix is found as,
wherein H k (s) is H k A diagonal matrix of(s), dividing h(s) into 4 blocks of matrices,
it is then possible to obtain,
ΔV wd ＝Z(s)ΔI wd (12)
wherein Z(s) = (Y) 1 -Y 2 ×(Y 3 ) -1 ×Y 4 ) -1
F delta (s)＝Z(s)f(s) (13)
Wherein f(s) = -I wd0 (sK vp +K vi ) For molecular terms in equation (5), then fig. 4 can be simplified to fig. 5, where m(s) = CV dc0 s 2 +V wd0 (sK vp +K vi ) Is the denominator term of formula (5) consisting of delta And(s) virtual damping provided by the energy storage balance area to new energy grid connection can be analyzed.
2 virtual damping provided by new energy grid connection in balance area based on energy storage
For the traditional damping torque analysis, the active power is divided: Δ P = T d Δω+T k Δ δ, wherein T d For the damping term, affecting the damping of the oscillatory modes, T k For the synchronization term, which affects the frequency of the oscillation mode, according to fig. 5, the general expression for the damping torque is,
(As 2 +Bs+C)Δδ＝ΔT(s) (14)
ΔT(s)＝F delta (s)Δδ (15)
from g(s), A = CV dc0 、B＝V wd0 K vp 、C＝V wd0 K vi And the electromechanical oscillation mode of the system is λ s ＝ξ s +jω s In the complex frequency domain, there are,
in the complex frequency domain, Δ T(s) is decomposed:
ΔT(λ s )＝T k Δδ(λ s )+T d Δω(λ s ) (17)
combined formula (15) -formula (17), F delta (s) in the complex frequency domain is
For equations (14) and (17), the damping that affects the new energy grid based on the equilibrium region of the stored energy is mainly T d And T is d The solution of (a) is that,
when T is d When the damping is less than 0, the energy storage balance area provides negative virtual damping for new energy grid connection; when T is d When the damping is more than 0, the energy storage balance area provides positive virtual damping for new energy grid connection.
The benefits brought by the invention are:
according to the wind motor grid-connected system accessed to the balance area of the energy storage in the figure 1, a simulation experiment is set to verify the correctness of the virtual damping analysis, and the control of the wind motor and the energy storage is as described above and has a corresponding model. Setting the energy storage power of each system to be 0.1pu, wherein 10 energy storage power units are provided in total, and calculating the oscillation mode of the system at the moment to be lambda d ＝-6.0915+j32.4016。
Firstly, according to the formula (14), a second-order link in the direct-current voltage outer ring oscillation mode is obtained as a =1, b =6, c =700, and the virtual damping and the virtual synchronization component are obtained as follows:
the subscript "1" in equation (20) and "2" in equation (21) below represent the virtual damping and virtual synchronization components for the open loop of the system and the closed loop after energy storage is added. And then the influence of the stored energy on new energy grid connection is calculated by an equation (19), and the provided virtual damping and virtual synchronization components are as follows:
in order to verify the correctness of the above analysis, the formula (21) is substituted into the formula (14) and, in some cases,
s 2 +(D 1 +6.1831)s+K 1 +386.9749＝0 (22)
the solution of formula (22) is λ d And the value of = 6.0915+ j32.4016 is consistent with the system oscillation mode calculated in the foregoing, and the correctness of the virtual damping analysis method provided by the parallel new energy source based on the balance region of the stored energy is proved for a second time. And T d '＝6.1831-6.0040＝0.1791>And 0, the balance area of the stored energy provides positive virtual damping for new energy grid connection, so that the dynamic stability of the system can be improved.
Claims (1)
1. A damping calculation method for new energy supply based on a balance area of stored energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: modeling is carried out on a wind turbine generator and energy storage, and a linearized multi-input multi-output expression form is obtained;
step two: according to the control mechanism of the wind motor and the energy storage, the control of the dq axis current inner ring and the reactive outer ring of the wind motor are ignored, the wind motor is simplified into a two-order single-input single-output impedance form, and the energy storage is simplified into a one-order single-input single-output impedance form;
step three: linearizing an alternating current network, and connecting a wind turbine with an energy storage balance area through an impedance matrix;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(3.1) energy storage based linearization of equilibrium region
The energy storage neglects the influence of a reactive outer ring, constant active power control is adopted, k is expressed as the kth energy storage, and the output power is P pk +jQ pk ，K ppk And K pik 、K Qpk And K Qik 、K dpk And K dik 、K qpk And K qik Proportional amplification coefficients and integral amplification coefficients controlled by an active outer ring, a reactive outer ring and a dq-axis current inner ring respectively; also neglecting dq-axis current inner loop control, have
Neglecting the effect of the phase-locked loop, having V pdk,0 ＝V pk,0 ，V pqk,0 =0, at which the energy storage output power is linearized,
and in the output control of stored energy, there is Q pk,0 =0, formula (8) wherein pqk,0 =0, so that neglecting the effect of the reactive outer loop, combining equations (6) and (7) is:
(3.2) AC network linearization
Without considering the line dynamics, the network model of the system is:
wherein Y is an admittance matrix, Δ I pd 、ΔI pq 、ΔV pq And Δ V pq For the energy storage parameter vector matrix:
ΔI pd ＝[I pd1 I pd2 … I pdN ]，ΔI pq ＝[I pq1 I pq2 … I pqN ]，
ΔV pd ＝[V pd1 V pd2 … V pdN ]，ΔV pq ＝[V pq1 V pq2 … V pqN ]；
(3.3) Whole System linearization closed-Loop model
Forming a closed-loop model of the whole system according to the formula (5), the formula (8) and the formula (9), and forming delta I under the ideal condition of a phase-locked loop and when the outputs of the wind motor and the energy storage are active wq ＝0，ΔV wq ＝0，ΔI pq ＝0，ΔV pq =0, the network relationship matrix is obtained by:
wherein H k (s) is H k A diagonal matrix of(s), dividing h(s) into 4 blocks of matrices:
obtaining:
ΔV wd ＝Z(s)ΔI wd (12)
wherein Z(s) = (Y) 1 -Y 2 ×(Y 3 ) -1 ×Y 4 ) -1
F delta (s)＝Z(s)f(s) (13)
Wherein f(s) = -I wd0 (sK vp +K vi ) Is a molecular term in the formula (5), wherein m(s) = CV dc0 s 2 +V wd0 (sK vp +K vi ) Is the denominator term of formula (5) and is represented by F delta (s) analyzing virtual damping provided by the balance area of the stored energy to the new energy grid connection;
step four: the second-order impedance form of the wind turbine serves as a feedforward second-order subsystem, the energy storage balance area serves as a feedback link, and virtual damping provided by the energy storage balance area to the wind turbine is calculated according to a damping torque method;
the N energy storage balancing areas form a feedback link by searching a common node, so that the calculation difficulty of providing virtual damping by the energy storage balancing areas is reduced; the traditional multi-input and multi-output form of the wind turbine and the energy storage is changed into a single-input and single-output impedance form under a d-axis coordinate, so that the application range of the damping torque analysis method is met;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
decomposing active power: Δ P = T d Δω+T k Δ δ, wherein T d As damping terms, shadowsDamping of ringing modes, T k For the synchronization term, which affects the frequency of the oscillation mode, the damping torque is expressed as,
(As 2 +Bs+C)Δδ＝ΔT(s) (14)
ΔT(s)＝F delta (s)Δδ (15)
A＝CV dc0 、B＝V wd0 K vp 、C＝V wd0 K vi and the electromechanical oscillation mode of the system is λ s ＝ξ s +jω s In the complex frequency domain, there are,
in the complex frequency domain, Δ T(s) is decomposed:
ΔT(λ s )＝T k Δδ(λ s )+T d Δω(λ s ) (17)
combined formula (15) -formula (17), F delta (s) in the complex frequency domain:
for the formula (14) and the formula (17), the damping influencing new energy grid connection based on the balance area of the stored energy is mainly T d And T is d The solution of (d) is:
when T is d When the damping is less than 0, the energy storage balance area provides negative virtual damping for new energy grid connection; when T is d And when the damping value is more than 0, the energy storage balance area provides positive virtual damping for new energy grid connection.
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