CN114594032B - Outdoor combined type radial method particulate matter monitoring device - Google Patents
Outdoor combined type radial method particulate matter monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114594032B CN114594032B CN202210266371.9A CN202210266371A CN114594032B CN 114594032 B CN114594032 B CN 114594032B CN 202210266371 A CN202210266371 A CN 202210266371A CN 114594032 B CN114594032 B CN 114594032B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 230000005250 beta ray Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
- G01N15/0618—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support of the filter type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an outdoor combined type particle monitoring device by a ray method, which comprises a cutter, a sampling tube, a first case, a second case, a supporting frame, a detection system, a control system, a flow regulating system, a dynamic heating system, a display screen and an air pump damping and heat dissipation system which are integrated in the first case. The cutter is connected with the first case through a sampling tube, the first case and the second case are two mutually independent cases, a quick clamp is arranged between the first case and the second case, the first case and the second case are convenient to mount and dismount, the first case and the second case are communicated with an air pipe and a wire, and a foldable support frame is fixed below the second case; the air pump damping and heat dissipation system is independently arranged in the second chassis and separated from the detection part, so that the influence of heat and vibration generated by the sampling pump on the detection part is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the weight of the chassis is dispersed, so that the chassis is convenient to carry and can stably operate in a severe environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment monitoring equipment, in particular to an outdoor combined type particle monitoring device by a ray method.
Background
The large amount of harmful substances and microorganisms contained in the atmospheric particulates can harm human health, and most developed countries in the world detect the atmospheric particulates to know the air pollution. The existing instrument for monitoring the mass concentration of the atmospheric particulates has various principles, including a gravimetric method, a micro-oscillation balance method, a beta-ray method, a light scattering method and the like. Gravimetric methods are the most straightforward and reliable method of monitoring particulate concentration, and have the problem of measuring at too slow a rate, taking at least a few hours of data. This method is not capable of on-line, instant measurement. Compared with the weight method, the monitoring data of the micro-oscillation balance method has seasonal difference, the mass concentration monitored by the micro-oscillation balance method is higher than that monitored by the micro-oscillation balance method in summer and autumn, and the mass concentration is opposite in winter and spring. The light scattering method is easily influenced by environmental humidity and particulate matters, and the national standard for measuring the concentration of particulate matters by the related light scattering method is not yet available in China. The beta-ray method requires a small amount of sample, can automatically obtain monitoring data per hour, reflects the change condition of the concentration of particulate matters in the air in real time, can perform data transmission, is beneficial to remote monitoring and automatic control, and greatly reduces the manual workload. Therefore, the beta-ray method has become one of the main measurement methods of continuous automatic monitors of the concentration of particulate matters in the atmosphere.
The existing commercial online measuring equipment is mainly applied to urban air quality detection stations, and all standard station houses are required to be built. They are bulky, heavy and expensive in equipment despite their high measurement accuracy. In order to overcome the above drawbacks, it is therefore highly desirable to design a portable particulate concentration monitoring system using the beta-ray method to meet the long-term on-line monitoring of atmospheric particulates under severe outdoor conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an outdoor combined type radial method particulate matter monitoring device.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
An outdoor combined type particle monitoring device adopting a ray method comprises a cutter, a sampling tube, a first chassis, a second chassis, a detection system integrated in the first chassis, a dynamic heating system, a flow regulating system and an air pump damping and heat dissipating system integrated in the second chassis; the inlet end of the cutter is communicated with an external space of the case, the upper end of the sampling tube is connected with the cutter, the lower end of the sampling tube is connected with a connecting tube of the dynamic heating system, the lower end of the connecting tube is connected with an air inlet pipe of the detection system, an air outlet pipe of the detection system is connected with an air inlet end of the flow regulating system through a PU pipe, an air outlet end of the flow regulating system is connected with an air pump of the air pump damping and heat dissipation system, a paper tape is further arranged in the detection system, the air pump in the air pump damping and heat dissipation system pumps air, sampling gas sequentially passes through the flow regulating system, the detection system, the dynamic heating system, the sampling tube and the cutter to introduce to-be-detected sample gas rich in particles from the external atmosphere of the case, and the particles flow through the paper tape in the detection system and are enriched on the paper tape to form particle dust spots.
The cutter is one of a TSP cutter, a PM10 cutter, a PM2.5 cutter and a PM1 cutter, and the concentration of different types of particles is measured by connecting different cutters.
The detection system comprises an air inlet pipe, an upper air passage seat, a paper pressing plate, a lower air passage seat, a beta-ray detector, a beta-radiation source, an air outlet pipe, a paper tape compressing device and a paper feeding device, wherein a gap for the paper tape to pass through is arranged between the upper air passage seat and the lower air passage seat; the lower airway seat is internally provided with a lower airway, the top of the lower airway seat is provided with a circular clamping groove, the upper end of the lower airway is communicated with the circular clamping groove, one side of the lower airway seat is provided with an air outlet pipe communicated with the lower airway, a guide sleeve is vertically and slidably arranged in the circular clamping groove at the top of the lower airway seat, a paper pressing plate is arranged between the upper airway seat and the lower airway seat, a plurality of compression springs are connected between the paper pressing plate and the top of the lower airway seat, the upper end of the guide sleeve is connected with the paper pressing plate into a whole, a through hole is formed in the paper pressing plate, the compression springs are used for applying elasticity to the paper pressing plate to enable the paper pressing plate to compress paper tapes, the lower airway of the lower airway seat is provided with the beta radiation source, the emergent surface of the beta radiation source is opposite to the inside of the guide sleeve, sampling gas enters the upper airway of the upper airway seat through an air inlet pipe, passes through the through hole of the paper pressing plate, the guide sleeve enters the lower airway of the lower airway seat, finally flows out of the air outlet pipe, and finally the rays emitted by the beta radiation source in the lower airway seat enter the upper airway seat through the paper tape after passing through the guide sleeve, and finally reaches the beta radiation detector;
The paper tape compressing device is used for compressing or loosening the contact surface of the paper tape, which is contacted with the upper airway and the lower airway; the paper feeding device is used for storing and quantitatively conveying paper tapes.
The paper tape compressing device comprises a connecting rod, a pressing wheel touch plate, an eccentric pressing wheel, a rotary pressing shaft, a first photoelectric switch baffle and a first rotating motor, wherein the pressing wheel touch plate is connected with the paper pressing plate into a whole through the connecting rod, the eccentric pressing wheel is arranged above the pressing wheel touch plate and is arranged on the rotary pressing shaft, the rotary pressing shaft is connected with the first rotating motor, the first rotating motor rotates to drive the first photoelectric switch baffle and the first eccentric pressing wheel on the rotary pressing shaft to rotate, the first eccentric pressing wheel rotates to a certain position to push the pressing wheel touch plate and the paper pressing plate to move downwards, a notch of the first photoelectric switch baffle passes through a photoelectric switch, the first rotating motor stops rotating, the paper pressing plate is pressed to the lowest point, and the paper tape is relaxed. The paper tape between the paper pressing plate and the upper air passage seat is pressed by the compression spring, the paper pressing plate is connected with the pressing roller touch plate into a whole through the connecting rod, the eccentric pressing roller is arranged above the pressing roller touch plate and moves in a cam mode under the driving of the rotating motor I, the pressing roller touch plate and the paper pressing plate are pushed to move up and down, the photoelectric switch is arranged nearby the rotating motor I, and the paper tape can be accurately kept in a pressed or loosened state through the on-off of the photoelectric switch.
The paper feeding device comprises a mounting main frame, a second rotating motor, a second photoelectric switch baffle, a paper placing wheel, a paper collecting wheel and two rollers, wherein the paper placing wheel and the paper collecting wheel which are arranged in parallel left and right are respectively mounted on the mounting main frame, the paper collecting wheel is connected with the second rotating motor, the second rotating motor rotates, a paper tape on the paper collecting wheel starts to rotate for collecting paper, the paper tape drives the right roller, the left roller and the paper placing wheel to rotate in sequence, the paper tape realizes translation, the roller drives the second photoelectric switch baffle to start rotating, and after the second photoelectric switch baffle rotates for a certain angle, the second rotating motor stops rotating; the rotary motor rotates first until the photoelectric switch baffle stops through the other photoelectric switch, the paper pressing plate rises to the highest point, and the paper tape is pressed.
The paper feeding device comprises a mounting main frame, a paper feeding wheel, a paper collecting wheel, a driving motor, a left roller, a right roller, a photoelectric switch baffle, a paper tape winding wheel, a paper feeding wheel, a paper tape moving right roller and a photoelectric switch baffle, wherein the mounting main frame is provided with the paper feeding wheel and the paper collecting wheel which are arranged in parallel left and right, the paper collecting wheel is connected with the driving motor, the mounting main frame is also provided with the roller which is arranged in parallel left and right, the wheel shaft of the right roller is provided with the photoelectric switch baffle, the photoelectric switch is arranged near the photoelectric switch baffle, the paper tape is wound on the paper feeding wheel through the photoelectric switch, the paper tape is wound on the paper collecting wheel through the left roller and the right roller, the paper feeding wheel is pulled through the rotation of a claw motor on the paper collecting wheel, the paper tape moves the right roller and the photoelectric switch baffle to rotate, and the on-off of the photoelectric switch is controlled, and accordingly the rotation amount of the motor and the paper feeding amount of the paper tape are accurately monitored.
The flow regulating system comprises a flowmeter and a flow control device, wherein the air inlet end of the flowmeter is communicated with the air outlet end of the detection device through an air pipe, and the air outlet end of the flowmeter is communicated with the air inlet end of the flow control device through an air pipe. The flowmeter is electrically connected with the main control board and is used for detecting the flow passing through the air passage; the main control board adjusts the opening of the flow control device in real time by monitoring the flow measured by the flow meter in real time, so that the control of the sampling flow is realized, and the flow is kept at 16.67L/min in the working process of the equipment.
The air pump damping and heat dissipation system comprises an air pump, a heat dissipation fan, damping springs, an air pump mounting plate and an air pump driver, wherein the air pump and the air pump driver are mounted on the air pump mounting plate, a plurality of damping springs are mounted between the air pump mounting plate and a second chassis and used for reducing vibration generated during air pump operation, a silencer is further mounted on the air pump, the heat dissipation fans are mounted on two sides of the air pump and used for reducing heat generated during air pump operation, and the silencer is further mounted on the air pump; the air inlet end of the air pump is communicated with the air outlet end of a flow control device in the flow regulating system through an air pipe.
The dynamic heating system comprises a heating main body, a heater, a pipe wall temperature sensor, a connecting pipe and a sampling temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the connecting pipe is respectively connected with an air inlet pipe of the sampling pipe and the detecting system, the heating main body is coated on the connecting pipe, the heater and the pipe wall temperature sensor are installed and fixed in the heating main body, and the sampling temperature and humidity sensor is installed in an air passage of a lower air passage seat of the detecting system. The pipe wall temperature sensor and the sampling temperature and humidity sensor are respectively electrically connected with the main control board, the main control board is also in control connection with the heater, and the main control board dynamically adjusts the heating power of the heater according to the pipe wall temperature of the connecting pipe acquired by the pipe wall temperature sensor and the sampling temperature and humidity sensor and the temperature and humidity data of the sample to be detected, so that the dynamic monitoring and control of the temperature and humidity of the sampled air flow are realized.
A control system, a touch display screen and an atmospheric pressure sensor are integrated in the first chassis, and an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the upper end of the outer side of the first chassis;
The control system comprises a main control board, a driving board and a power supply module, wherein the main control board is respectively and electrically connected with a beta-ray detector, a flow control system, a touch control display screen, an atmospheric pressure sensor and an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the touch control display screen is electrically connected with the main control board, so that control and data display of the system are realized, the main control board is also in control connection with a beta-radiation source, beta-rays emitted by the beta-radiation source pass through a paper tape and are received by the beta-ray detector, the beta-ray intensity I0 of the beta-rays after passing through the paper tape when no dust spots exist in the paper tape before the particulate matters are enriched, the beta-ray intensity I1 of the beta-rays after the beta-rays pass through the paper tape when the dust spots exist in the paper tape are enriched, the mass m of the enriched particulate matters on the paper tape and the attenuation of the beta-rays after the beta-radiation pass through the paper tape accord with the lambert law, and the concentration of the particulate matters is calculated by combining with the volume of the sample gas to be detected, which is acquired by the sampling system;
The power module comprises an alternating current power filter, a 12V power converter and a button switch, converts 220V alternating current into 12V direct current, is connected with the driving plate and provides 220V strong current and 12V weak current for the driving plate; the button switch controls the starting and stopping of the whole device;
The main control board is also electrically connected with the first rotating motor, the second rotating motor, the flowmeter, the air pump, the pipe wall temperature sensor and the sampling temperature and humidity sensor respectively.
The first case and the second case are two mutually independent cases, a quick clamp is arranged between the first case and the second case, the first case and the second case are convenient to mount and dismount, the first case and the second case are communicated with an air pipe and a wire, and a foldable support frame is fixed below the second case.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention has small volume, low price and high measurement precision, and the air pump damping and heat dissipation system is independently arranged in the second chassis and separated from the detection part, so that the influence of heat and vibration generated by the sampling pump on the detection part is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the weight of the chassis is dispersed, so that the air pump damping and heat dissipation system is convenient to carry and can stably operate in a severe environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an outdoor combined ray method particulate matter monitoring device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an outdoor combined ray method particulate matter monitoring device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an outdoor combined type radial particle monitoring device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an outdoor combined radial particle monitoring device in a backward direction;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a detection system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a detection system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power module;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic heating system;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a control system;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of an air pump vibration damping and heat dissipating system.
The marks in the figure: the air pump driving device comprises a cutter 1, a sampling tube 2, a first chassis 3, a second chassis 4, a supporting frame 5, a touch display screen 6, a detection system 7, a power module 8, a dynamic heating system 9, a flow regulating system 10, a control system 11, an atmospheric pressure sensor 12, a flow meter 13, a flow control device 14, an air pump damping and heat dissipation system 15, an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor 16, a quick clamp 17, an air inlet tube 701, a beta radiation source 702, an upper air passage seat 703, a pressure plate 704, a supporting column 705, an air outlet tube 706, a paper tape 707, a beta radiation detector 708, a photoelectric switch baffle two 709, a compression spring 710, a lower air passage seat 711, a main frame 712, an eccentric pressing wheel 713, a rotary pressing shaft 714, a connecting rod 715, a pressing wheel touch plate 716, a photoelectric switch baffle one 717, a rotary motor one 718, a paper discharge wheel 719, a paper collecting wheel 720, a roller 721, a rotary motor two 722, an alternating current power supply filter 801, a 12V power supply converter 802, a button switch 901, a heating body 902, a heater 903, a tube wall temperature sensor 904, a sampling temperature and humidity sensor 905, a driving plate 111, a main control plate 112, an air pump 151, an air pump fan 152, an air pump driving and a damping fan 153, a damping and a vibration reducing spring 153.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the outdoor combined type particle monitoring device disclosed by the invention comprises a cutting unit 1, a sampling tube 2, a supporting frame 5, an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor 16, an atmospheric pressure sensor 12, a detection system 7, a control system 11, a flow regulating system 10, a dynamic heating system 9, a touch display screen 6 and an air pump damping and heat dissipation system 15 which are integrated in a first chassis 3, and is integrated in a second chassis 4. The inlet end of the cutter 1 is communicated with the external space of the first chassis 3, the upper end of the sampling tube 2 is connected with the cutter 1, the lower end of the sampling tube is connected with a connecting tube 901 of the dynamic heating system 9, and the lower end of the connecting tube is connected with an air inlet tube 701 of the detection system 7; the air suction pump provides sampling power, sampling airflow enters an air passage of the detection system 7 through an air inlet pipe, flows through the paper tape 707, flows out of an air outlet pipe of the detection system 7, flows into the flowmeter 13 and the flow control device 14 through a PU hose, is connected to the air suction pump through the PU hose, and atmospheric particulate matters cut by the cutter 1 pass through the air passage and flow through the paper tape to be enriched on the paper tape 707 to form particulate matters and dust spots;
The cutter 1 can be a TSP cutter, a PM10 cutter, a PM 2.5 cutter and a PM1 cutter, and the concentration of different types of particles can be measured by connecting different cutters; rubber sealing rings are arranged at the corresponding connection positions of the cutter 1, the sampling pipe 2, the connecting pipe 901, the air inlet pipe 701 and the air outlet pipe 706 and are isolated from the outside air;
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the detection system 7 includes an air inlet pipe 701, an upper air passage seat 703, a paper pressing plate 704, a lower air passage seat 711, a β -ray detector 708, a β -ray source 702, an air outlet pipe 706, a paper tape 707, a paper tape pressing device and a paper feeding device, a gap for the paper tape 707 to pass through is provided between the upper and lower air passage seats, an upper air passage is provided in the upper air passage seat 703, the bottom surface of the upper air passage seat facing the lower air passage seat 711 is provided with an open surface for opening the upper air passage, one side of the upper air passage seat 703 is provided with the air inlet pipe 701, the air inlet pipe 701 is communicated with the upper air passage, the β -ray detector 708 is installed in the upper air passage from the top of the upper air passage seat, and the detection surface of the β -ray detector 708 is opposite to the open surface of the bottom surface of the upper air passage seat 703; the lower airway seat 711 is internally provided with a lower airway, the top of the lower airway seat is provided with a circular clamping groove, the upper end of the lower airway seat is communicated with the circular clamping groove, one side of the lower airway seat 711 is provided with an air outlet pipe 706 communicated with the lower airway, a guide sleeve is vertically and slidably arranged in the circular clamping groove at the top of the lower airway seat 711, a paper pressing plate 704 is arranged between the upper airway seat and the lower airway seat, a plurality of compression springs 710 are connected between the paper pressing plate 704 and the top of the lower airway seat 711, the upper end of the guide sleeve is connected with the paper pressing plate 704 into a whole, a through hole is arranged in the paper pressing plate 704, the compression springs 710 apply elasticity to the paper pressing plate 704 to compress paper tapes, the lower airway of the lower airway seat 711 is provided with a beta radiation source 702, the emergent surface of the beta radiation source 702 is opposite to the inside the guide sleeve, sampling gas enters the upper airway of the upper airway seat 703 through the air inlet pipe 701, enters the lower airway of the lower airway seat 711 from the through hole of the paper pressing plate 704 and the guide sleeve, finally flows out of the lower airway seat 706, and the rays emitted from the beta radiation source 702 in the lower airway seat are transmitted through the guide sleeve, the through hole of the paper pressing plate and the through the upper airway of the guide sleeve, and finally enters the upper airway 708;
The beta-ray detector 708 in the detection system 7 can detect the beta-ray intensity I0 of the beta-ray source 702 passing through the paper 707 when no dust spots exist before the paper 707 is enriched with the particles and the beta-ray intensity I1 of the beta-ray source 702 passing through the paper 707 when dust spots exist after the paper 707 is enriched with the particles, the mass m of the enriched particles in the dust spots on the paper 707 and the attenuation of the beta-ray intensity after the beta-ray source 702 passes through the paper 707 conform to lambert law, and the concentration of the particles can be calculated by combining the volume of the collected sample gas.
The upper end of the air inlet pipe 701 is inserted into the lower end of the connecting pipe 901, and the lower end of the air inlet pipe 701 is inserted into the groove of the upper air passage seat 703; the upper air channel seat 703 is fixed on the mounting main frame 712 by screws; the lower airway seat 711 is fixed below the upper airway seat 703 by a strut 705 and a screw; the platen 704 is located between the upper airway seat 703 and the lower airway seat 711; the compression spring 710 is located between the platen 704 and the lower airway seat 711, and the compression spring 710 is used to compress the platen 704 under the upper airway seat 703, so that the sampling channel is sealed when the device is pumped. The paper strap 707 passing through the detection system is located between the paper platen 704 and the upper airway seat 703; the beta-ray detector 708 is mounted on the upper airway seat 703, the beta-radiation source 702 is mounted on the lower airway seat 711, the detection surface of the beta-ray detector 708 is communicated with the radiation surface of the beta-radiation source 702, the two surfaces are parallel, the central axes of the two surfaces are on the same straight line, and the positions among the beta-ray detector 708, the paper tape 707 and the beta-radiation source 702 are fixed in the sampling detection process.
The paper tape compressing device comprises a connecting rod 715, a pressing roller touch plate 716, an eccentric pressing roller 713, a rotary pressing shaft 714, a first photoelectric switch baffle 717 and a first rotating motor 718, wherein the pressing roller touch plate 716 is connected with the pressing plate 704 into a whole through the connecting rod 715, the eccentric pressing roller 713 is arranged above the pressing roller touch plate 716, the eccentric pressing roller 713 is arranged on the rotary pressing shaft 714, the rotary pressing shaft 714 is connected with the first rotating motor 718, the first rotating motor 718 is electrically connected with the main control board 112, the main control board 112 sends out a first signal, the first rotating motor 718 receives the signal to rotate the first photoelectric switch baffle 717 and the eccentric pressing roller 713 on the rotary pressing shaft 714, the eccentric pressing roller 713 rotates to a certain position to start pushing the pressing roller touch plate 716 and the pressing plate 704 to move downwards, when the notch of the first photoelectric switch baffle 717 passes through a photoelectric switch, the first rotating motor 718 stops rotating, the pressing plate 704 is pressed to the lowest point, and the paper tape 707 is relaxed;
The paper feeding device comprises a main mounting frame 712, a paper discharging 719 and a paper collecting wheel 720 which are arranged horizontally are respectively mounted on the main mounting frame 712, the paper collecting wheel 720 is connected with a second rotating motor 722, the main control board 112 is electrically connected with the second rotating motor 722, a second signal is sent to the second rotating motor 722 by the main control board 112, the second rotating motor 7 starts to rotate, a paper tape 707 on the paper collecting wheel 720 starts to rotate and collect paper, the paper tape 707 sequentially drives a right roller 721, a left roller 721 and the paper discharging wheel 719 to rotate, the paper tape 707 realizes translation, the roller 721 drives a second photoelectric switch blocking piece 709 to start to rotate, and after the second photoelectric switch blocking piece 709 rotates for a certain angle, a photoelectric switch starts to send a signal, and the second rotating motor 722 stops rotating; then the main control board 112 sends a signal three to the first rotating motor 718, the first rotating motor 718 rotates until the first photoelectric switch baffle 717 stops through the other photoelectric switch, the paper pressing board 704 rises to the highest point, and the paper tape 707 is pressed;
the flow regulating system 10 is used for realizing control of the sampling flow by monitoring the flow measured by the flowmeter 13 in real time and regulating the opening of the flow control device 14 in real time through the main control board 112 and the driving board 111, and the sampling flow is controlled to be 16.67l/min as a special example of the invention.
The outdoor temperature and humidity sensor 16 is used for measuring the temperature and humidity values of the operating environment of the outdoor combined type ray method particle monitoring device, the air pressure sensor 12 is used for measuring the atmospheric pressure value of the operating environment of the outdoor combined type ray method particle monitoring device, and the sampling volume under the standard condition can be obtained through the ambient temperature and the atmospheric pressure value, so that the concentration of the particles under the standard condition is obtained.
As shown in fig. 10, the air pump 151 in the air pump damping and heat dissipating system 15 is electrically connected to the main control board 112, the air pump 151 introduces sampling air from outside the case through the cutter 1, the air pump 151 and the air pump driver 155 are mounted on the air pump mounting board 153, a plurality of damping springs 154 are mounted between the air pump mounting board 153 and the second case 4, for reducing vibration generated when the air pump 151 works, the cooling fans 152 are mounted on two sides of the air pump 151, for eliminating heat generated when the air pump 151 works, and a silencer is mounted on the air pump 151, for eliminating noise generated when the air pump works;
As shown in fig. 8, the dynamic heating system 9 includes a heating main body 902, a heater 903, a pipe wall temperature sensor 904, a connecting pipe 901, and a sampling temperature and humidity sensor 905, where the connecting pipe 901 connects the sampling pipe 2 with the air inlet pipe 701, the heating main body 902 is covered on the connecting pipe 701, the heater 903 and the pipe wall temperature sensor 904 are fixed in the heating main body 902, the sampling temperature and humidity sensor 905 is installed in the air passage of the lower air passage seat 711 of the detection system 7, the pipe wall temperature sensor 904 and the sampling temperature and humidity sensor 905 are respectively electrically connected with the main control board 112, the main control board 112 is also connected with the heater 903 in a control manner, and the main control board 112 dynamically adjusts the heating power of the heater 903 according to the pipe wall temperature of the connecting pipe 901 and the temperature and humidity data of the sample to be detected acquired by the pipe wall temperature and humidity sensor 904, so as to dynamically monitor and control the temperature and humidity of the sample air flow;
The touch display screen 6 is electrically connected with the main control board 112, so that control and data display of the system are realized;
As shown in fig. 9, the control system comprises a main control board, a driving board and a power supply module, wherein the main control board is respectively and electrically connected with a beta ray detector, a flow control system, a touch control display screen, an atmospheric pressure sensor and an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the touch control display screen is electrically connected with the main control board, so that control and data display of the system are realized, the main control board is also in control connection with a beta radiation source, beta rays emitted by the beta radiation source pass through a paper tape and are received by the beta ray detector, the beta ray intensity I0 of the paper tape after the beta rays pass through the paper tape when no dust spots exist before the paper tape is enriched with particles is obtained through the beta ray detector, the beta ray intensity I1 of the paper tape after the beta rays pass through the paper tape when the dust spots exist after the paper tape is enriched with particles, the mass m of the enriched particles and the attenuation of the beta radiation pass through the paper tape accord with lambert law, and the concentration of the particles is calculated by combining the volume of a sample gas to be detected, which is acquired by the sampling system; the driving plate 111 is electrically connected with the flow control device 14, the air pump 151, the first rotating motor 718 and the second rotating motor 722, and controls the flow control device 14, the air pump 151, the first rotating motor 718 and the second rotating motor 722 together with the main control board 112;
As shown in fig. 7, the power module 8 includes an ac power filter 801, a 12V power converter 802, and a push button switch 803, the power module 8 converts 220V ac power into 12V dc power, the power module 8 is connected to the driving board 111 and provides 220V strong current and 12V weak current to the driving board 111, and the push button switch 803 controls the start and stop of the whole device;
the first case 3 and the second case 4 are two independent cases, and the quick clamp 17 is arranged between the first case 3 and the second case 4, so that the quick assembly and disassembly of the first case 3 and the second case 4 are facilitated, and the weight of the cases is dispersed by colleagues, so that the equipment is easier to carry and carry;
The support frame 5 that is fixed with in quick-witted case two 4 below installs similar hinge structure on the support frame 5, can make the support frame fold at quick-witted case two lower surface, reduces occupation space, convenient transportation.
Claims (4)
1. An outdoor combination formula ray method particulate matter monitoring devices, its characterized in that: the device comprises a cutter, a sampling tube, a first chassis, a second chassis, a detection system integrated in the first chassis, a dynamic heating system, a flow regulating system and an air pump damping and heat dissipating system integrated in the second chassis; the inlet end of the cutter is communicated with an external space of the case, the upper end of the sampling tube is connected with the cutter, the lower end of the sampling tube is connected with a connecting tube of the dynamic heating system, the lower end of the connecting tube is connected with an air inlet tube of the detection system, an air outlet tube of the detection system is connected with an air inlet end of the flow regulation system, an air outlet end of the flow regulation system is connected with an air pump of the air pump damping and heat dissipation system, a paper tape is further arranged in the detection system, the air pump in the air pump damping and heat dissipation system is used for exhausting air, sampling gas sequentially passes through the flow regulation system, the detection system, the dynamic heating system, the sampling tube and the cutter, and the air is introduced into a sample gas to be tested, which is rich in particles, from the atmosphere outside the case, and the particles flow through the paper tape in the detection system and are enriched on the paper tape to form particles dust spots;
The detection system comprises an air inlet pipe, an upper air passage seat, a paper pressing plate, a lower air passage seat, a beta-ray detector, a beta-radiation source, an air outlet pipe, a paper tape compressing device and a paper feeding device, wherein a gap for the paper tape to pass through is arranged between the upper air passage seat and the lower air passage seat; the lower airway seat is internally provided with a lower airway, the top of the lower airway seat is provided with a circular clamping groove, the upper end of the lower airway is communicated with the circular clamping groove, one side of the lower airway seat is provided with an air outlet pipe communicated with the lower airway, a guide sleeve is vertically and slidably arranged in the circular clamping groove at the top of the lower airway seat, a paper pressing plate is arranged between the upper airway seat and the lower airway seat, a plurality of compression springs are connected between the paper pressing plate and the top of the lower airway seat, the upper end of the guide sleeve is connected with the paper pressing plate into a whole, a through hole is formed in the paper pressing plate, the compression springs are used for applying elasticity to the paper pressing plate to enable the paper pressing plate to compress paper tapes, the lower airway of the lower airway seat is provided with the beta radiation source, the emergent surface of the beta radiation source is opposite to the inside of the guide sleeve, sampling gas enters the upper airway of the upper airway seat through an air inlet pipe, passes through the through hole of the paper pressing plate, the guide sleeve enters the lower airway of the lower airway seat, finally flows out of the air outlet pipe, and finally the rays emitted by the beta radiation source in the lower airway seat enter the upper airway seat through the paper tape after passing through the guide sleeve, and finally reaches the beta radiation detector; the paper tape compressing device is used for compressing or loosening the contact surface of the paper tape, which is contacted with the upper airway and the lower airway; the paper feeding device is used for storing and quantitatively conveying paper tapes;
The paper tape compressing device comprises a connecting rod, a pressing wheel touch plate, an eccentric pressing wheel, a rotary pressing shaft, a first photoelectric switch baffle and a first rotary motor, wherein the pressing wheel touch plate is connected with the paper pressing plate into a whole through the connecting rod;
The paper feeding device comprises a mounting main frame, a second rotating motor, a second photoelectric switch baffle, a paper placing wheel, a paper collecting wheel and two rollers, wherein the paper placing wheel and the paper collecting wheel which are arranged in parallel left and right are respectively mounted on the mounting main frame, the paper collecting wheel is connected with the second rotating motor, the second rotating motor rotates, a paper tape on the paper collecting wheel starts to rotate for collecting paper, the paper tape drives the right roller, the left roller and the paper placing wheel to rotate in sequence, the paper tape realizes translation, the roller drives the second photoelectric switch baffle to start rotating, and after the second photoelectric switch baffle rotates for a certain angle, the second rotating motor stops rotating; the rotary motor firstly rotates until the photoelectric switch baffle firstly stops through the other photoelectric switch, the paper pressing plate rises to the highest point, and the paper tape is pressed;
The flow regulating system comprises a flowmeter and a flow control device, wherein the air inlet end of the flowmeter is communicated with the air outlet end of the detection device through an air pipe, and the air outlet end of the flowmeter is communicated with the air inlet end of the flow control device through an air pipe;
The air pump damping and heat dissipation system comprises an air pump, a heat dissipation fan, damping springs, an air pump mounting plate and an air pump driver, wherein the air pump and the air pump driver are mounted on the air pump mounting plate, a plurality of damping springs are mounted between the air pump mounting plate and a second chassis, the heat dissipation fan is mounted on two sides of the air pump, and a silencer is further mounted on the air pump; the air inlet end of the air pump is communicated with the air outlet end of a flow control device in the flow regulating system through an air pipe;
the first case and the second case are two mutually independent cases, a quick clamp is arranged between the first case and the second case, the first case is communicated with the second case, an air pipe and a wire are arranged between the first case and the second case, and a foldable support frame is fixed below the second case.
2. An outdoor combined radiographic particulate matter monitoring device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the cutter is one of a TSP cutter, a PM10 cutter, a PM2.5 cutter and a PM1 cutter, and the concentration of different types of particles is measured by connecting different cutters.
3. An outdoor combined radiographic particulate matter monitoring device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the dynamic heating system comprises a heating main body, a heater, a pipe wall temperature sensor, a connecting pipe and a sampling temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the connecting pipe is respectively connected with an air inlet pipe of the sampling pipe and the detecting system, the heating main body is coated on the connecting pipe, the heater and the pipe wall temperature sensor are installed and fixed in the heating main body, and the sampling temperature and humidity sensor is installed in an air passage of a lower air passage seat of the detecting system.
4. An outdoor combined radiographic particulate matter monitoring device according to claim 3, characterised in that: a control system, a touch display screen and an atmospheric pressure sensor are integrated in the first chassis, and an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the upper end of the outer side of the first chassis; the control system comprises a main control board, a driving board and a power supply module, wherein the main control board is respectively and electrically connected with a beta-ray detector, a flow control system, a touch display screen, an atmospheric pressure sensor and an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the main control board is also in control connection with a beta-radiation source, beta rays emitted by the beta-radiation source pass through a paper tape and are received by the beta-ray detector, the beta-ray intensity I0 of the beta-rays passing through the paper tape when dust spots are not enriched in the paper tape before particles are not enriched in the beta-ray detector, the beta-ray intensity I1 of the beta-rays passing through the paper tape when dust spots are arranged in the paper tape after particles are enriched in the paper tape, the mass m of the enriched particles in the dust spots on the paper tape and the attenuation of the beta-rays passing through the paper tape accord with the lambert law, and the concentration of the particles is calculated by combining the volume of the sample gas to be detected, which is acquired by the sampling system; the power module comprises an alternating current power filter, a 12V power converter and a button switch, converts 220V alternating current into 12V direct current, is connected with the driving plate and provides 220V strong current and 12V weak current for the driving plate; the main control board is also electrically connected with the first rotating motor, the second rotating motor, the flowmeter, the air pump, the pipe wall temperature sensor and the sampling temperature and humidity sensor respectively.
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| CN108303356A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-20 | 安徽蓝盾光电子股份有限公司 | A kind of atmosphere particulate matter monitoring instrument |
| CN111077049A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 安徽安光环境科技有限公司 | Portable β ray method particulate matter concentration monitoring system |
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| JP3604496B2 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 2004-12-22 | 株式会社田中電気研究所 | Particle catcher of photoelectric particle concentration measuring device |
| CN202916165U (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-05-01 | 武汉怡特环保科技有限公司 | Instrument for continually and automatically monitoring atmospheric fine-particulates by adopting Beta ray method |
| CN212471241U (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-02-05 | 安徽安光环境科技有限公司 | Filter paper pressing and releasing device of beta-ray atmospheric particulate monitor |
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| CN108303356A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-20 | 安徽蓝盾光电子股份有限公司 | A kind of atmosphere particulate matter monitoring instrument |
| CN111077049A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 安徽安光环境科技有限公司 | Portable β ray method particulate matter concentration monitoring system |
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