CN114594012A - Tide type seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision method, device and system - Google Patents
Tide type seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision method, device and system Download PDFInfo
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- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
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Abstract
The invention provides a tidal seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision method, a device and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after each irrigation is finished, acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through a weighing mechanism, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted; acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through a weighing mechanism, and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix; and acquiring the real-time water content of the matrix, and if the real-time water content of the matrix is smaller than an irrigation threshold, performing seedling tray irrigation based on the real-time reference irrigation amount. The method does not need manual frequent measurement operation records, and greatly simplifies the field monitoring and installation process. The method has the advantages that the growth condition parameters such as the weight of the plant and the like can be accurately obtained through a weighing mode, the problem that the crop information is difficult to obtain on line is solved, and the plant can be accurately irrigated according to the growth condition of the plant in different periods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crop irrigation, in particular to a tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method, device and system.
Background
The tide type irrigation system is a high-efficiency water-saving irrigation system designed based on the tide fluctuation principle, is suitable for planting and managing various potted plants, and can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of water resources and nutrient solution.
At present, in the cultivation process, due to the fact that crop information is difficult to obtain on line, the problems that a reasonable irrigation point of water and nutrients cannot be determined, the water and nutrient absorption amount of crops is uncertain and the like exist, and the growth condition of plants is difficult to master in real time; the tide irrigation decision is mainly based on experience, different liquid levels are adopted at different periods, the specific duration is judged by basic experience, and the accuracy is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method, device and system.
The invention provides a tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method, which comprises the following steps: after each irrigation is finished, acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through a weighing mechanism, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted; acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through the weighing mechanism, and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix; and acquiring the real-time water content of the substrate, and if the real-time water content of the substrate is smaller than an irrigation threshold, carrying out seedling tray irrigation based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
According to the tidal seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the step of acquiring the water content of the real-time substrate comprises the following steps: and calculating the water content of the matrix according to the saturated weight of the matrix and the fresh weight of the plants obtained after each irrigation and by combining the real-time weight and the dry weight of the matrix.
According to the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method, the irrigation threshold is determined according to the substrate saturation weight and the corresponding irrigation coefficient obtained after each irrigation; wherein the irrigation coefficient is determined according to the type of the seedling raising tray, the type of the seedling raising and the seedling raising period.
According to the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method provided by the embodiment of the invention, after calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant, the method further comprises the following steps: determining fresh weight increment according to the fresh weight of the plants at the adjacent irrigation time, and determining the growth rate of the plants by combining the duration of the adjacent irrigation time; determining the evapotranspiration amount according to the change value of the real-time weight of the substrate obtained by the weighing mechanism in unit time length, and determining the evapotranspiration rate of the plant by combining the unit time length.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method for monitoring tidal breeding and deciding irrigation further comprises the following steps after determining the evapotranspiration: and determining the water utilization efficiency according to the fresh weight increment of the plants at the adjacent irrigation time and the corresponding evapotranspiration amount.
The invention also provides a tidal type seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision-making device, which comprises: the fresh weight calculation module is used for acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through the weighing mechanism after irrigation is finished each time, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted; the water quantity calculation module is used for acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole substrate through the weighing mechanism and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the substrate; and the irrigation processing module is used for acquiring the real-time water content of the matrix, and if the real-time water content of the matrix is smaller than an irrigation threshold, performing seedling tray irrigation based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
The invention also provides a tidal seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision-making system, which comprises: the device comprises a weighing mechanism, a bearing mechanism, a cultivation hole tray, gateway equipment and the tide type seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device; the weighing mechanism is connected to the bearing mechanism, the cultivation hole tray is located above the bottom surface of the bearing mechanism, and plants are planted in the cultivation hole tray; the weighing mechanism is provided with an antenna module and is used for sending the weight data acquired by the weighing mechanism to the tide type seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device through the gateway equipment.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making system comprises a weighing mechanism and a weighing mechanism, wherein the weighing mechanism comprises: the upper hook, the lower hook and the tension sensor are arranged on the upper side of the base; the tension sensor is connected to the bearing mechanism at the bottom through the lower hook; the bearing mechanism comprises adjustable cross beams, and the adjustable cross beams are used for adjusting the distance between the cross beams so as to adapt to cultivation hole trays with different sizes; the lower hook is connected with the bearing mechanism through a lifting rope, and the length of the lifting rope is adjusted to adapt to different growth heights of plants.
The tide type seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision-making method and the device thereof provided by the invention adopt a weighing monitoring mode, can bring convenience to tide type irrigation plant monitoring, do not need manual frequent measurement operation records, have the characteristics of small volume, low power consumption and the like, and greatly simplify the field monitoring and installation process because the weighing sensing equipment is low-energy-consumption equipment and is in a dormant state in most of time. The method has the advantages that the growth condition parameters such as the weight of the plant and the like can be accurately obtained through a weighing mode, the problem that the crop information is difficult to obtain on line is solved, and meanwhile, the method can be used for accurately irrigating the plant growth condition at different periods by combining the parameters such as the real-time weight of the matrix.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision system provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a load bearing mechanism provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a weighing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view of an application scenario of the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit board chip connection diagram provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1: a weighing mechanism; 2: an upper hook; 3: a tension sensor;
4: a lower hook; 5: a hook; 6: a lifting rope;
7: a plant; 8: a load bearing mechanism; 9: cultivating hole trays;
10: a gateway; 11: a server; 12: a mobile phone;
13: adjustable load-bearing cross member 51: antenna 52: a display screen.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method and device of the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-8. Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method provided by the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
101. after irrigation is finished each time, the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state is obtained through the weighing mechanism, and the fresh weight of the irrigated plant is calculated by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted.
Firstly, calculating the fresh weight of the plant, which is also the growth amount of the plant, based on the weight of the tide-type irrigation substrate cultivation tank when the initial irrigation is saturated and the weight of the substrate in the cultivation tank when the substrate reaches a stable saturation state after the irrigation is finished each time:
Wf＝Ww-Wd；
in the formula, WfDenotes the fresh weight of the plant, WwThe weight of the matrix in a stable saturated state after irrigation is shown, namely the weight is obtained by a weighing mechanism after all nutrient solution of the seedbed is discharged after irrigation, and the weight is collected. WdRepresents the weight of the substrate when saturated with water, i.e. the weight of the substrate when saturated with water before the plants were not planted. That is, before the plants are not planted, the plants can be watered to be saturated, and the weighing mechanism is used for collecting Wd。
In the embodiment of the invention, after the weighing mechanism acquires the corresponding weight, the weight data is sent to the remote server through the gateway through the wireless network, and the server performs corresponding calculation. That is to say the subject of execution of the method may be a server.
102. And acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through the weighing mechanism, and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix.
The water and the nutrients in the substrate are necessary conditions for plant growth, the information such as salt content, organic content and the like in the substrate can be determined by monitoring the liquid return parameters, the nutrient absorption and utilization conditions of the plants are known, and the calculation formula of the irrigation reference quantity is as follows:
IREF＝Ww-Wt+Wf
In the formula IREFDenotes a reference irrigation water quantity, WtThe real-time weight of the substrate is obtained for the weighing mechanism.
Specifically, the server also performs the corresponding calculation.
103. And acquiring the real-time water content of the substrate, and if the real-time water content of the substrate is smaller than an irrigation threshold, carrying out seedling tray irrigation based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
In one embodiment, the irrigation coefficient N can be determined according to the type of seedling tray, the type of seedling and different periods of seedling, and then combined with WwN is used as corresponding irrigation threshold value, and when V is less than or equal to WwN, irrigating the seedling raising tray, and V is the real-time water content of the matrix.
Correspondingly, the server also performs corresponding calculation, and when the server determines that the real-time water content of the matrix is smaller than the irrigation threshold, the server sends an irrigation signal and a corresponding reference irrigation quantity to irrigation equipment so as to realize the irrigation of the seedling raising tray based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
In tidal irrigation, the water in the seedbed is filled to irrigate the seedlings, and the weight of the water absorbed by the matrix is increased until the weight of the seedling culture unit is increased IREFAnd stopping irrigating the seedlings. And (3) the seedbed is dewatered, the backflow nutrient solution takes away the salt accumulated in the seedling tray, and the matrix is leached at the same time of each irrigation. The calculation formula when irrigation stops is as follows:
Wt＝Wn+IREF
In the formula, WnIndicating the weight collected by the weighing mechanism at the beginning of the irrigation of the water.
The tide type seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision-making method provided by the invention provides a new monitoring mode for tide type irrigation plant monitoring, can bring convenience for tide type irrigation plant monitoring by adopting a weighing monitoring mode, does not need manual frequent measurement operation records, is in a dormant state most of time due to the fact that the weighing sensing equipment is low-energy-consumption equipment, and has the characteristics of small volume, low power consumption and the like, and the field monitoring and installation process is greatly simplified. The method has the advantages that the growth condition parameters such as the weight of the plant and the like can be accurately obtained through a weighing mode, the problem that the crop information is difficult to obtain on line is solved, and meanwhile, the method can be used for accurately irrigating the plant growth condition at different periods by combining the parameters such as the real-time weight of the matrix.
In one embodiment, said obtaining real-time substrate moisture content comprises: and calculating the water content of the matrix by combining the real-time weight of the matrix and the dry weight of the matrix according to the saturated weight of the matrix and the fresh weight of the plant which are obtained after each irrigation.
The substrate in the tidal irrigation mode is used as a supply body of water and nutrients for plants, and the water content of the substrate directly influences the growing environment of the plants and the quality and yield of crops. The existing device for measuring the water content of the matrix mostly directly adopts a soil water sensor, and the matrix cultivation particles are loose due to the comparison with soil, the detection void ratio is large, the density and water content change is also large, and the device has great difference with the soil and has great error in the actual measurement.
The existing special equipment for measuring the water content of the matrix is few, the calibration flow of the sensor is complex, the applicability of the equipment to the detection of different matrix types is poor, and the detection stability and accuracy need to be improved. Meanwhile, the water content measurement is influenced by the development of crop roots in the cultivation process, so that the traditional measurement mode is not suitable for measurement in a tidal irrigation mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, the calculation of the water content of the matrix can be obtained by calculating the dry weight of the matrix, the saturated weight of the matrix, the real-time weight of the matrix and the fresh weight. The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein V represents the real-time moisture content of the substrate; w is a group oftRepresents the real-time weight of the substrate; w is a group ofbRepresents the dry weight of the substrate; wfRepresenting the fresh weight of the plant measured by the weighing mechanism each time; wwRepresents the weight of the substrate when saturated with water.
The tide type seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method provided by the embodiment of the invention does not need to be calibrated in advance, only obtains weight information of the weighing mechanism, has strong applicability to detection of different substrate types and higher detection stability and accuracy, and is not influenced by the water content of crop roots in the cultivation process.
In one embodiment, the irrigation threshold is determined according to the saturated weight of the substrate obtained after each irrigation and the corresponding irrigation coefficient; wherein the irrigation coefficient is determined according to the type of the seedling raising tray, the type of the seedling raising and the seedling raising period. The above embodiments are for illustration and are not described herein.
In one embodiment, after calculating the fresh weight of the plant after irrigation, the method further comprises: determining fresh weight increment according to the fresh weight of the plants at the adjacent irrigation time, and determining the growth rate of the plants by combining the duration of the adjacent irrigation time; determining the evapotranspiration amount according to the change value of the real-time weight of the substrate acquired by the weighing mechanism in unit time length, and determining the evapotranspiration rate of the plant by combining the unit time length.
In monitoring the growth activity of plants, water circulation is an important physiological activity of plants, and its effect on plants extends throughout the growth phase. Evapotranspiration is an important component in plant hydrologic cycle, and is closely related to various physiological activities of plants and formation of biological yield. At present, the evapotranspiration of plants is mainly measured by an evapotranspiration instrument, and the evapotranspiration of water is directly reflected by the change of the overall mass of the plants and soil in unit time according to the water balance principle.
The research on the water consumption rule of plants in a substrate cultivation mode is mainly realized by monitoring the substrate environment through a water content sensor, a conductivity sensor and a temperature sensor. At present, no evapotranspiration measuring device under the tidal irrigation cultivation mode exists, and the water consumption rule of plants under the tidal irrigation cultivation mode is difficult to study. In the process of tidal irrigation cultivation, due to the fact that crop information is difficult to obtain on line, the problems that reasonable irrigation points of water and nutrients cannot be determined, the water and nutrient absorption amount of crops is uncertain and the like exist, and the growth condition of plants is difficult to master in real time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the growth rate can be obtained by obtaining the increase of the fresh weight of the plant in a unit time interval, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, GRRepresents the growth rate of the plant;
represents T1The fresh weight of the plant at that moment;
represents T2The fresh weight of the plant at that time.
The evapotranspiration rate is the instantaneous evapotranspiration rate and the daily evapotranspiration rate, and the evapotranspiration amount of the system can be calculated through the change of the weight in unit time. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, ETRExpressing the transpiration rate of the plant; BW (Bandwidth)T1Represents T1The weight value of the substrate at the moment; BW (Bandwidth)T2Represents T2The weight value of the substrate at that time.
According to the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method, the evapotranspiration amount is determined by the weighing mechanism based on the change value of the real-time weight of the substrate, online acquisition is simple, efficiency is high, a reasonable irrigation point of water and nutrients is determined, the absorption amount of the plants to the water and the nutrients is determined, and the growth condition of the plants is mastered in real time. The research on the water consumption rule of the plants in the tidal irrigation mode is beneficial to better regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer conditions in the growth process of the plants and improving the yield and quality of facility crops.
In one embodiment, after determining the evapotranspiration amount, the method further comprises: and determining the water utilization efficiency according to the fresh weight increment of the plants at the adjacent irrigation time and the corresponding evapotranspiration amount.
The water use efficiency was calculated based on the growth rate of the plant and the evapotranspiration amount of the plant. The water utilization efficiency is the ratio of the growth amount of the plants to the evapotranspiration amount in unit time, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein WUE represents moisture utilization;
represents the amount of plant growth;
indicates the evapotranspiration of the plant.
The tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device provided by the invention is described below, and the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device described below and the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making method described above can be referred to correspondingly.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device provided by the invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device comprises: fresh weight calculation module 201, water quantity calculation module 202 and irrigation treatment module 203. The fresh weight calculation module 201 is used for acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through a weighing mechanism after irrigation is finished each time, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by irrigation before the plant is planted; the water quantity calculation module 202 is used for acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through the weighing mechanism, and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix; the irrigation processing module 203 is used for acquiring the real-time water content of the substrate, and if the real-time water content of the substrate is smaller than an irrigation threshold, the seedling raising tray is irrigated based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
In one device embodiment, irrigation treatment module 202 is specifically configured to: and calculating the water content of the matrix according to the saturated weight of the matrix and the fresh weight of the plants obtained after each irrigation and by combining the real-time weight and the dry weight of the matrix.
In one device embodiment, the irrigation threshold is determined according to the saturated weight of the matrix obtained after each irrigation and the corresponding irrigation coefficient; wherein the irrigation coefficient is determined according to the type of the seedling raising tray, the seedling raising type and the seedling raising period.
In an apparatus embodiment, the irrigation processing module 203 is further configured to, after calculating the fresh weight of plants after irrigation: determining fresh weight increment according to the fresh weight of the plants at the adjacent irrigation time, and determining the growth rate of the plants by combining the duration of the adjacent irrigation time; determining the evapotranspiration amount according to the change value of the real-time weight of the substrate obtained by the weighing mechanism in unit time length, and determining the evapotranspiration rate of the plant by combining the unit time length.
In one device embodiment, the irrigation treatment module 203 is further configured to: and determining the water utilization efficiency according to the fresh weight increment of the plants at the adjacent irrigation time and the corresponding evapotranspiration amount.
The device embodiment provided in the embodiments of the present invention is for implementing the above method embodiments, and for details of the process and the details, reference is made to the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making method, and for brief description, reference can be made to the corresponding content in the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making method.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making system provided by the invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making system comprises: the device comprises a weighing mechanism 1, a bearing mechanism 8, a cultivation hole tray 9, a gateway device 10 and the tide type seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device in the embodiment; the weighing mechanism 1 is connected with the bearing mechanism 8, the cultivation hole tray 9 is positioned above the bottom surface of the bearing mechanism, and the plants 7 are planted in the cultivation hole tray 9; the weighing mechanism 1 is provided with an antenna module 51 for sending the weight data acquired by the weighing mechanism 1 to the tide type seedling monitoring and irrigation decision device through the gateway device 10.
In one embodiment, the top weighing mechanism 1 comprises: an upper hook 2, a lower hook 4 and a tension sensor 3; the tension sensor 3 is connected to a bearing mechanism 8 at the bottom through the lower hook 4; the bearing mechanism 8 comprises adjustable cross beams 13, and the adjustable cross beams 13 are used for adjusting the distance between the cross beams so as to adapt to cultivation hole trays with different sizes; the lower hook 4 is connected with the bearing mechanism 8 through a lifting rope 6, and the length of the lifting rope is adjusted to adapt to different growth heights of plants. Figure 4 is a front view of a load bearing mechanism provided by the present invention, as shown in figure 4, which includes an adjustable cross member 13.
The system can adopt an internal wireless networking mode, the gateway equipment can be fixed in position or can obtain the data of the monitoring equipment along with the movement of the equipment, and meanwhile, the radio frequency communication network ensures that the network can cover the greenhouse environment of the whole planting area, and brings convenience to network arrangement.
The weighing sensing device in the weighing mechanism can be conveniently installed in the tide type irrigation crop cultivation device, and the sensing device can be arranged at the planting stage or the crop budding stage. Because the weighing sensing equipment is low-energy-consumption equipment, the equipment is in a dormant state most of the time, the equipment can construct a monitoring network through a networking process, each weighing sensing equipment starts to adopt a Lora high-frequency signal to try to communicate with the gateway equipment, and if gateway handshake signals are obtained, the weighing sensing equipment can be added into the network constructed by the relay equipment at the first time.
And the weighing sensing device collects the weight data in the steps 101 to 103 at set time intervals and stores the weight data in the device, and the weighing sensing device actively sends the data to the gateway device at regular time. The gateway device performs preliminary sorting, screening and fusion on the data and sends the data to a tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device (which may be a remote cloud server, such as the server 11 in fig. 3). The mobile terminal can be communicated with the remote cloud server to achieve mobile data acquisition.
The tide type seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision-making system utilizes the wireless transmission assembly and the gateway to construct a multi-point type plant growth all-directional monitoring network, integrates a low-power-consumption wide area network technology, and has the characteristics of low power consumption, long transmission distance and the like. The tension sensor parameters are accessed into the platform through the Lora star-shaped network, so that remote real-time monitoring can be conveniently realized. The construction of a high-flux monitoring platform for low-power-consumption wide area network greenhouse tidal irrigation cultivation is realized. The user can directly and conveniently check the corresponding cloud data record at the mobile phone end on site.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a weighing mechanism provided by the present invention, and the weighing mechanism comprises an antenna 51 and a display screen 52. The display screen 52 can be used for displaying the obtained fresh weight of the plant, the real-time weight of the substrate, the reference irrigation amount, the real-time substrate water content, the growth rate of the plant or the transpiration rate of the plant and other parameters. The weighing mechanism bag has a small volume, the upper end of the weighing mechanism bag is a tip, the lower end of the weighing mechanism bag is a rectangle, and the weighing mechanism bag is used for suspending the whole device on a tide irrigation cultivation bed to construct a monitoring network.
Fig. 6 is an application scene diagram of the tide type seedling monitoring and irrigation decision system provided by the invention, wherein a plurality of sets of weighing mechanisms, bearing mechanisms and cultivation hole trays are arranged, networking is realized by combining one gateway device and a server, and seedling monitoring and irrigation decisions of a plurality of plants are carried out.
The tension sensor 3 can be an S-shaped tension sensor, for example, a force-transmission S-shaped high-precision four-wire system S-shaped tension sensor BAB-5MT-20kg can be selected.
The bottom weighing mechanism 8 can also adjust weighing beams 13 for adjusting the distance between the beams to adapt to different cultivation hole trays 9. The length of the lifting rope 6 can also be adjusted to suit different plant 7 heights and to adjust the position level of the load bearing device 8.
The communication between the weight sensing device 1 in the equipment and the gateway equipment 10 adopts low-frequency Lora433MHz radio frequency transmission data, and the communication distance is prolonged by using lower transmission frequency, so that the stability of signal transmission of the weight sensing equipment in the greenhouse is ensured. The whole network structure is a mesh network, and the weight sensing device 1 and the gateway device 10 in the network are self-organized. The gateway device 10 is connected to a remote server 11 through GPRS to provide data support for tidal irrigation cultivation monitoring. The remote server constructs cloud service to provide data and decision support for tidal irrigation cultivation monitoring. The mobile device 12 can access the cloud server to meet the data acquisition and network field diagnosis and maintenance requirements.
Fig. 7 is a circuit board chip connection diagram provided by the present invention, and the data acquisition module of the weight sensing device 1 may be a high precision a/D conversion chip dedicated for the HX712 electronic scale, and a 128-gain low noise amplifier and a 24-bit a/D converter integrated on the chip for supplying power to the tension sensor. Considering that the adopted piezoresistive sensor has a certain temperature drift due to the influence of temperature, a temperature sensor DS18B20 can be additionally arranged for software compensation of the temperature drift of the tension/tension sensor, so that the measurement precision of the system is improved. The core microcontroller of the weight sensing device 1 adopts a low-power-consumption series L431CCT6 design of STM32 to coordinate normal work of each device and complete data acquisition, processing and transmission. The value of the tension sensor is converted into a numerical value through the AD chip, and after the tension sensor is calibrated, the tension coefficient of the tension sensor is determined, so that the collection of tension data is completed.
The weight sensing device 1 can be electrically connected with each sensor and can transmit signals through data lines. Meanwhile, the weight sensing device is also provided with a display screen, and an OLED display screen can be adopted, so that field operators can conveniently acquire measurement data in real time. The data acquisition mechanism in the hook 5 is also internally provided with a storage chip W25Q64 for saving system parameters and backing up acquired sensor data. It should be noted that the various sensors in the present embodiment and the electronic components such as the chip and the processor of the weight sensing device 1 may be of other types, and are not limited herein. The power supply part of the weight sensing device 1 can adopt an external power supply circuit designed by LM2576T-12 and AMS117-3.3 chips, and the weight sensing device 1 mainly completes the value periodic collection of the tension sensor.
The weight sensing device 1 comprises a wireless transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is used for transmitting the parameter signals acquired by the weight sensing device 1 to a remote server. Specifically, the wireless transmission component of the weight sensing device 1 may adopt an APC340 module, and implement one-to-one and one-to-many networking communication by using an antenna 51, a Lora spread spectrum modulation mode, and a transparent transmission mode; the BM71 Bluetooth module can be arranged for on-site use, and related data information can be conveniently viewed through an application program on a mobile phone at a working site.
Considering that the top weight sensing device 1 is inconvenient to wire, a data acquisition board can be arranged in the top weight sensing device 1, and a wireless communication module is integrated on the data acquisition board so as to send data to a data acquisition mechanism or a server or a mobile phone. The data acquisition board only acquires the measured value of the tension sensor. The power supply part adopts a dry battery power supply circuit designed by a TPS61221 chip, and the whole top weight sensing device 1 has no external connection and can be flexibly used. The data acquisition board adopts two alkaline batteries with the capacity of 2500mAh to supply power, the sampling interval is 5 minutes, the working time can reach more than 120 days, and the monitoring of the whole growth cycle of the plant can be realized.
The weight sensing device 1 is further provided with a display screen 52, which can be an OLED display screen, and facilitates the field operator to obtain the measurement data in real time. The weight sensing device 1 is further provided with a memory chip W25Q64 for saving system parameters and backing up the acquired sensor data.
The gateway 10 can adopt a GPRS gateway module, and the collection node communicates with the GPRS gateway through a wireless transmission component to transmit data to the server 7 for storage, so that the terminal computer or the mobile phone 12 can check related data information in real time by matching with corresponding software.
The system utilizes the wireless transmission component and the gateway to construct the tide type irrigation plant growth monitoring system. The system integrates the low-power wide area network technology, and has the characteristics of low power consumption, long transmission distance and the like. Through the access platform of Lora star-shaped net with weighing device 1, can be convenient in remote real time monitoring. The construction of a high-flux monitoring platform for low-power-consumption wide area network tidal irrigation substrate cultivation is realized.
The system provided by the invention meets the requirements of plant growth and on-line monitoring in tidal irrigation seedling raising, can realize wireless mode networking, multi-parameter on-line acquisition, reliable positioning and crop evapotranspiration acquisition, and effectively changes the plant monitoring mode. The water consumption of the plants can be obtained according to the weight change of the substrate in the tidal irrigation cultivation tank, and a water migration rule model of the tidal irrigation cultivation plants is established according to the water evaporation capacity of the cultivation tank and the water consumption of the crops in the irrigation period. And (4) accurately irrigating the plants according to the water consumption of the plants. The method improves the effective management of plant cultivation, promotes the major breakthrough of the management of crop production according to needs, improves the agricultural production efficiency, and promotes the rapid development of facility agriculture and urban modern agriculture.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)801, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)802, a memory (memory)803 and a communication bus 804, wherein the processor 801, the communication Interface 802 and the memory 803 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 804. The processor 801 may invoke logic instructions in the memory 803 to perform a tidal grow seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method comprising: after each irrigation is finished, acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through a weighing mechanism, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted; acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through the weighing mechanism, and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix; and acquiring the real-time water content of the substrate, and if the real-time water content of the substrate is smaller than an irrigation threshold, carrying out seedling tray irrigation based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 803 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the logic instructions are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the tidal grow seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method provided by the above methods, the method comprising: after each irrigation is finished, acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through a weighing mechanism, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted; acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through the weighing mechanism, and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix; and acquiring the real-time water content of the substrate, and if the real-time water content of the substrate is smaller than an irrigation threshold, carrying out seedling tray irrigation based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program being implemented by a processor to execute the tidal grow seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method provided by the above embodiments, the method comprising: after each irrigation is finished, acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through a weighing mechanism, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted; acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through the weighing mechanism, and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix; and acquiring the real-time water content of the substrate, and if the real-time water content of the substrate is smaller than an irrigation threshold, carrying out seedling tray irrigation based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment may be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and may also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A tide type seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision-making method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after each irrigation is finished, acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through a weighing mechanism, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted;
acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through the weighing mechanism, and calculating the real-time reference irrigation amount by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix;
and acquiring the real-time water content of the matrix, and if the real-time water content of the matrix is smaller than an irrigation threshold, performing seedling tray irrigation based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
2. The tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the real-time substrate moisture content comprises:
and calculating the water content of the matrix according to the saturated weight of the matrix and the fresh weight of the plants obtained after each irrigation and by combining the real-time weight and the dry weight of the matrix.
3. The tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the irrigation threshold is determined according to the substrate saturation weight and the corresponding irrigation coefficient obtained after each irrigation;
Wherein the irrigation coefficient is determined according to the type of the seedling raising tray, the seedling raising type and the seedling raising period.
4. The tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant, the method further comprises:
determining fresh weight increment according to the fresh weight of the plants at the adjacent irrigation time, and determining the growth rate of the plants by combining the duration of the adjacent irrigation time;
determining the evapotranspiration amount according to the change value of the real-time weight of the substrate obtained by the weighing mechanism in unit time length, and determining the evapotranspiration rate of the plant by combining the unit time length.
5. The tidal seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method of claim 4, further comprising, after determining the evapotranspiration amount:
and determining the water utilization efficiency according to the fresh weight increment of the plants at the adjacent irrigation time and the corresponding evapotranspiration amount.
6. A tide type seedling culture monitoring and irrigation decision-making device is characterized by comprising:
the fresh weight calculation module is used for acquiring the saturated weight of the matrix when the plant and the matrix in the cultivation tank integrally reach a stable saturated state through the weighing mechanism after irrigation is finished each time, and calculating the fresh weight of the irrigated plant by combining the initial saturated weight of the matrix when the matrix is saturated by water before the plant is planted;
The water quantity calculation module is used for acquiring the real-time weight of the plant and the whole matrix through the weighing mechanism and calculating the real-time reference irrigation quantity by combining the fresh weight of the plant and the saturated weight of the matrix;
and the irrigation processing module is used for acquiring the real-time water content of the matrix, and if the real-time water content of the matrix is smaller than an irrigation threshold, the seedling raising tray is irrigated based on the real-time reference irrigation quantity.
7. A tide type seedling culture monitoring and irrigation decision-making system is characterized by comprising:
weighing mechanism, bearing mechanism, cultivation tray, gateway device and tide type seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device of claim 6;
the weighing mechanism is connected with the bearing mechanism, the cultivation hole tray is positioned above the bottom surface of the bearing mechanism, and plants are planted in the cultivation hole tray;
the weighing mechanism is provided with an antenna module and is used for sending the weight data acquired by the weighing mechanism to the tide type seedling monitoring and irrigation decision-making device through the gateway equipment.
8. The tidal nursery monitoring and irrigation decision system of claim 7, wherein the weighing mechanism comprises: the upper hook, the lower hook and the tension sensor; the tension sensor is connected to the bearing mechanism at the bottom through the lower hook;
The bearing mechanism comprises adjustable cross beams, and the adjustable cross beams are used for adjusting the distance between the cross beams so as to adapt to cultivation hole trays with different sizes;
the lower hook is connected with the bearing mechanism through a lifting rope, and the length of the lifting rope is adjusted to adapt to different growth heights of plants.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the tidal grow monitoring and irrigation decision method of any of claims 1 to 5.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the tidal grow seedling monitoring and irrigation decision method of any of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN202210088359.3A CN114594012A (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Tide type seedling raising monitoring and irrigation decision method, device and system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115004993A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-06 | 华南农业大学 | Tidal irrigation rapid drainage device and rapid drainage method |
| CN116830945A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-10-03 | 沈阳农业大学 | Accuse Wen Chaoxi formula bed device of growing seedlings |
| CN117652314A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-08 | 武汉亚非种业有限公司 | Circulation seedling raising device and seedling raising method |
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2022
- 2022-01-25 CN CN202210088359.3A patent/CN114594012A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115004993A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-06 | 华南农业大学 | Tidal irrigation rapid drainage device and rapid drainage method |
| CN115004993B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-07-28 | 华南农业大学 | Tidal irrigation rapid drainage device and rapid drainage method |
| CN116830945A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-10-03 | 沈阳农业大学 | Accuse Wen Chaoxi formula bed device of growing seedlings |
| CN116830945B (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2024-03-08 | 沈阳农业大学 | Accuse Wen Chaoxi formula bed device of growing seedlings |
| CN117652314A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-08 | 武汉亚非种业有限公司 | Circulation seedling raising device and seedling raising method |
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