CN114592820A - Energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for offshore fracturing wellhead - Google Patents
Energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for offshore fracturing wellhead Download PDFInfo
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- CN114592820A CN114592820A CN202111195146.2A CN202111195146A CN114592820A CN 114592820 A CN114592820 A CN 114592820A CN 202111195146 A CN202111195146 A CN 202111195146A CN 114592820 A CN114592820 A CN 114592820A
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 59
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 110
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
- E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
- E21B33/062—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams
- E21B33/063—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams for shearing drill pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/08—Wipers; Oil savers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/35—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well specially adapted for separating solids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing well mouth, which relates to the technical field of fracturing well mouths and is used for solving the problems that crude oil generated by well blowout of the existing offshore well mouth is always sent out to be ended automatically, so that the waste of the crude oil is caused, the environment is polluted, and the plugging capability of the existing device for the well blowout is poor; compared with the existing device, the device has the advantages of higher response capability and better plugging capability to blowout, greatly reduces the eruption of crude oil, collects the crude oil, reduces waste and reduces environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fracturing wellhead plugging, in particular to an energy-saving type blowout prevention pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing wellhead.
Background
Blowout is a phenomenon that fluid in a stratum is sprayed out of the ground or flows into other strata in a well, most of the phenomenon occurs in the field of oil and gas exploitation, and the reasons for causing the blowout are various: the stratum pressure is inaccurate to master, the mud density is low, and the height of a mud liquid column in the well is reduced; tripping suction, and other undesirable measures.
In the process of oil field development and production, most oil wells are produced by sucker rod type oil extraction, but the existing device has poor plugging capability to blowout, the sprayed crude oil cannot be effectively collected in time, so that the loss of a large amount of crude oil is caused, toxic gas contained in the crude oil can cause huge pollution to the environment, the sucker rods have different degrees of deflection after the existing sucker rods are used for a long time, and if a large amount of dirt is attached to the surfaces of the sucker rods, the sealing difficulty of the sucker rods is increased, oil leakage at well mouths is further caused, the working environment of the oil pumping unit is worse, the sucker rods are easy to break due to lack of lubrication after being used for a long time, so that the danger of blowout at well mouths is increased, and the great environmental pollution and potential safety hazard are caused;
therefore, the energy-saving blowout prevention pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for an offshore fracturing wellhead, which is used for solving the following problems:
the first piston pushes the semicircular oil guide pipe to be tightly attached to the sucker rod by rotating the first threaded rod, so that the eruption of crude oil is reduced, the crude oil which is injected at a high speed from the rock stratum enters the semicircular oil guide pipe and enters the oil collecting tank through the oil conveying pipe, the crude oil which is generated by blowout of the offshore wellhead is effectively collected, the pollution to the sea is effectively reduced, and the problems that the crude oil which is generated by blowout of the existing offshore wellhead is always erupted until the eruption is automatically finished, the waste of the crude oil is caused, and the environment is polluted are solved; through rotating the second threaded rod, make the third piston drive and promote the piece and remove, and then make first semicircular shearing sword and the semicircular shearing sword of second mutually support and cut off the sucker rod to first semicircular shearing sword can get into the semicircular clamping groove that the semicircular shearing sword of second was seted up, forms inclosed space in communicating pipe, realizes the shutoff further to crude oil mixture, solves the poor problem of the shutoff ability of current device to marine wellhead emergence blowout.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for offshore fracturing well mouths comprises a blowout preventer body, a sucker rod and a communicating pipe, wherein the communicating pipe is fixedly installed at the top of the blowout preventer body through bolts, a lubricating assembly is installed inside the communicating pipe, the sucker rod is installed inside the blowout preventer body, an oil collecting assembly is installed at one end of the blowout preventer body, first connecting pipes are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the communicating pipe, a shearing assembly is installed in each first connecting pipe, and a plugging assembly is installed inside the blowout preventer body;
the oil collecting assembly comprises a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, a sealing ring, an oil conveying pipe, a semicircular oil guide pipe, a first threaded rod, a handle, a first piston and a first support, the outer side of the blowout preventer body is symmetrically communicated with the second connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe respectively, the oil conveying pipe is installed on the inner wall of the second connecting pipe through the sealing ring, the semicircular oil guide pipe is rotatably connected inside the blowout preventer body, the semicircular oil guide pipes are symmetrically arranged, the two semicircular oil guide pipes are matched with the sucker rod, the sealing ring is installed on one side adjacent to the semicircular oil guide pipe, the first threaded rod is installed inside the third connecting pipe, the handle is fixed at one end of the first threaded rod through spot welding, the first piston is movably connected to the other end of the first threaded rod through a bearing, the sealing ring is installed on one side of the first piston, and the sealing ring is matched with the third connecting pipe, and one side of the first piston, which is far away from the first threaded rod, is rotatably connected with the semicircular oil guide pipe through the first support.
Further, the collection oil subassembly still includes horizontal pole, oil collecting tank, fender oil board, filter screen, brush, blow off pipe and goes out oil pipe, the outside of preventer body is fixed with the horizontal pole through spot welding, the top fixedly connected with oil collecting tank of horizontal pole, the oil collecting tank is linked together with defeated oil pipe, the inside fixedly connected with fender oil board of oil collecting tank, fixedly connected with filter screen between fender oil board and the oil collecting tank inner wall, the through-hole has been seted up in the outside of oil collecting tank, and the through-hole endotheca is equipped with the stock, the one end fixedly connected with brush of stock, the other end of stock extends to the oil collecting tank outside, the brush cooperatees with the filter screen, the bottom intercommunication of oil collecting tank has the blow off pipe, the switch is installed in the outside of blow off pipe, one side intercommunication of oil collecting tank has out oil pipe.
Further, the plugging assembly comprises a sleeve, a second piston, a first telescopic rod and an air bag, one end of the sleeve is communicated with the semicircular oil guide pipe, the other end of the sleeve is communicated with the air bag, the second piston is arranged inside the sleeve, the second piston is connected with the sleeve through the first telescopic rod, and a first spring is sleeved on the outer side of the first telescopic rod.
Further, the shearing assembly comprises a third piston, a second threaded rod, a pushing block, a first semicircular shearing knife, a second semicircular shearing knife and a semicircular clamping groove, the second threaded rod is movably connected to one side of the third piston through a bearing, the handle is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the third piston, of the second threaded rod, a sealing ring is installed on one side of the third piston, and the sealing ring is matched with the first connecting pipe.
Furthermore, one side fixedly connected with that the third piston is far away from the second threaded rod pushes a block, one of the ends of the pushing block is provided with a first semicircular shearing knife through the detachable mounting, the other end of the pushing block is provided with a second semicircular shearing knife through the detachable mounting, one end of the second semicircular shearing knife is provided with a semicircular clamping groove, and the semicircular clamping groove is matched with the first semicircular shearing knife.
Further, a slotted hole has been seted up to the inside symmetry of communicating pipe, lubricating component includes semi-circular support cutting ferrule, semi-circular support cutting ferrule is installed to the inside symmetry of communicating pipe, first spout has been seted up in the outside of semi-circular support cutting ferrule, semi-circular support cutting ferrule's top threaded connection has the third threaded rod, the outside cover of third threaded rod is equipped with the sleeve, and two telescopic internal threads revolve to opposite directions, there is the backup pad telescopic outside through second leg joint, the slipmat is installed to one side of backup pad, the backup pad cooperatees with the slotted hole.
Furthermore, the bottom of semi-circular support cutting ferrule is fixed with the scraper blade through spot welding, the scraper blade cooperatees with the sucker rod, there is the ball outside of semi-circular support cutting ferrule through bearing swing joint, the internally mounted of semi-circular support cutting ferrule has oil injection pipeline, and oil injection pipeline and ball cooperate, the sealing plug is installed to the one end that oil injection pipeline is located the top.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the blowout preventer is applied to blowout of an oil well, the first threaded rods on two sides of the blowout preventer body are rotated to enable the first piston to push the semicircular oil guide pipe to approach the sucker rod until the semicircular oil guide pipe is tightly attached to the sucker rod, so that the blowout of crude oil is reduced, the crude oil sprayed at high speed from a rock stratum enters the semicircular oil guide pipe and enters the oil collecting tank through the oil conveying pipe, the oil baffle plate arranged in the oil collecting tank enables the spraying speed of the crude oil to be effectively buffered, the impact force of the crude oil is greatly reduced, the filter screen filters cement, rock particles and sludge mixed in the crude oil, so that the purity degree of the crude oil passing through the oil outlet pipe is further improved, the crude oil generated by blowout of an offshore wellhead is effectively collected, the pollution to the ocean is effectively reduced, and the problem that the crude oil generated by blowout of the existing offshore wellhead is always sprayed to the self-finish is solved, causing the waste of crude oil and the pollution to the environment.
2. When the oil well blowout preventer is applied to oil well blowout, part of high-speed injected crude oil enters the oil collecting tank through the oil pipeline, and the other part of high-speed flowing crude oil continuously impacts the second piston to enable the second piston to move in the sleeve and compress the air sealed inside until the air in the air bag is completely filled into the air bag, and the air bag continuously fills with the air to enable the volume of the air bag to be continuously increased until the air bag is tightly attached to the sucker rod to further plug a crude oil mixture from a rock stratum, so that the plugging of a well blowout occurring on an offshore wellhead is greatly improved.
3. When the device is applied to blowout of an oil well, the third piston drives the pushing block to move by rotating the second threaded rods on the two sides of the communicating pipe, the two pushing blocks respectively drive the first semicircular shearing knife and the second semicircular shearing knife to move towards the sucker rod, so that the first semicircular shearing knife and the second semicircular shearing knife are mutually matched to cut off the sucker rod until the first semicircular shearing knife enters the semicircular clamping groove formed in the second semicircular shearing knife, a closed space is formed in the communicating pipe, further plugging of a crude oil mixture is realized, and the problem that the plugging capability of the existing device for blowout of an offshore wellhead is poor is solved.
4. When the oil pumping rod is applied to the normal oil pumping environment of an oil well, the third threaded rod is rotated to drive the two sleeves with the opposite screwing directions of the internal threads to mutually approach until the support plate is tightly supported in the slotted hole, so that when the oil pumping rod moves up and down, the rolling balls continuously lubricate and cool the oil pumping rod to prevent rusting, the service life of the oil pumping rod is prolonged, the sealing property of the oil pumping rod is ensured for a long time, the oil pumping rod can be ensured to move up and down without deviation, and the problem of oil leakage of a well mouth caused by deviation shaking and breaking after the existing oil pumping rod is used for a long time is solved.
5. When the oil collecting tank is used, the hairbrush connected with the long rod is moved to clean dirt attached to the surface of the filter screen, the filter screen is prevented from being blocked due to the coagulation of the dirt attached to the surface of the filter screen, crude oil cannot enter the oil outlet pipe through the filter screen, the switch is turned on, and the dirt in the oil collecting tank is discharged through the sewage discharge pipe, so that the dirt with certain toxicity and pollution capacity is cleaned, and the dirt is prevented from being diffused and polluting the external environment.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the plugging process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the area A of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the area B of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the area C of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the D region of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the semicircular oil guide pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of a communication tube structure of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the shear sucker rod configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the sucker rod plugging process by the semicircular oil guide pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is the bottom view of the structure of the semicircular oil guide pipe for completely blocking the sucker rod.
Reference numerals: 1. a blowout preventer body; 2. a sucker rod; 3. a communicating pipe; 301. a slot; 4. a lubrication assembly; 401. a semicircular support cutting sleeve; 402. a first chute; 403. a third threaded rod; 404. a sleeve; 405. a second bracket; 406. a support plate; 407. a squeegee; 408. a ball bearing; 409. an oil injection pipeline; 6. an oil collection assembly; 601. a second connecting pipe; 602. a third connecting pipe; 603. a seal ring; 604. an oil delivery pipe; 605. a semicircular oil guide pipe; 606. a first threaded rod; 607. a handle; 608. a first piston; 609. a first bracket; 610. a cross bar; 611. an oil collecting tank; 612. an oil baffle plate; 613. filtering with a screen; 614. a brush; 615. a blow-off pipe; 616. an oil outlet pipe; 617. a long rod; 7. a first connecting pipe; 8. a shear assembly; 801. a third piston; 802. a second threaded rod; 803. a pushing block; 804. a first semicircular shearing knife; 805. a second semi-circular shear knife; 806. a semicircular clamping groove; 9. a plugging component; 901. a sleeve; 902. a second piston; 903. a first telescopic rod; 904. an air bag.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-2 and fig. 5, the outer side of the blowout preventer body 1 is symmetrically communicated with a second connecting pipe 601 and a third connecting pipe 602, respectively, an oil pipe 604 is installed on the inner wall of the second connecting pipe 601 through a sealing ring 603, a part of the high-speed injected crude oil enters an oil collecting tank 611 through the oil pipe 604, and a part of the high-speed flowing crude oil continuously impacts a second piston 902 included in the plugging component 9, so that the second piston 902 moves in a casing 901 and compresses the internally sealed air until the internal air is completely filled into an air bag 904, the air bag 904 continuously increases the volume of the air bag 904 due to the continuous filling of the air until the air bag 904 is tightly attached to the sucker rod 2, thereby further plugging of crude oil mixture from a rock formation is realized, the plugging of a blowout on an offshore wellhead is greatly improved, and when the impact force of the crude oil is not enough to generate a large-scale blowout, the first telescopic rod 903 is acted by the first spring to make the second piston 902 move reversely, so that the air in the air bag 904 is drawn back into the sleeve 901, and the air in the air bag 904 is changed into an initial form due to the fact that no air is filled and the elasticity of the air bag 904, so that the air bag 904 has the advantage of being used for multiple times, and the cost is reduced.
By arranging the plugging component 9, a part of crude oil flowing at a high speed enters the casing 901 through the semicircular oil guide pipe 605, the crude oil continuously impacts the second piston 902, so that gas in the casing 901 is filled into the air bag 904, and the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 and the air bag 904 quickly plug the crude oil in a blowout in time, so that the difficulty of subsequently shearing the sucker rod 2 is greatly reduced, the sucker rod can quickly react when a blowout occurs at a well mouth, the effective plugging of the crude oil is realized, the waste of the crude oil is reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 1-3, fig. 5-8 and fig. 10-12, when the present invention is applied to oil well blowout, the handle 607 included in the oil collecting assembly 6 is rotated to drive the first threaded rod 606 to rotate, and the first piston 608 is rotatably connected to the semicircular oil guiding pipe 605 through the first bracket 609, so that the first piston 608 pushes the semicircular oil guiding pipe 605 to approach the sucker rod 2 until the semicircular oil guiding pipe 605 is tightly attached to the sucker rod 2, thereby reducing the blowout of crude oil, so that the crude oil jetted from the rock formation at high speed enters the semicircular oil guiding pipe 605 and enters the oil collecting tank 611 through the oil conveying pipe 604, the bottom of the oil collecting tank 611 is supported by the cross bar 610, the oil baffle plate 612 arranged in the oil collecting tank 611 effectively buffers the jetting speed of the crude oil and greatly reduces the impact force of the crude oil, the filter screen 613 filters cement, rock particles and sludge mixed in the crude oil, the purity degree of the crude oil passing through the oil outlet pipe 616 is further improved, the crude oil generated by blowout of an offshore wellhead is effectively collected, the pollution to the sea is effectively reduced, the problems that the crude oil generated by blowout of the offshore wellhead is usually sent to the end of self-running, the crude oil is wasted and the environment is polluted are solved, when the operation is carried out, the shearing assembly 8 is installed in the first connecting pipe 7, the third piston 801 drives the pushing block 803 to move by rotating the second threaded rod 802 on two sides of the communicating pipe 3, the two pushing blocks 803 respectively drive the first semicircular shearing knife 804 and the second semicircular shearing knife 805 to move towards the sucker rod 2, the first semicircular shearing knife 804 and the second semicircular shearing knife 805 are matched with each other to cut off the sucker rod 2 until the first semicircular shearing knife 804 enters the semicircular clamping groove 806 formed by the second semicircular shearing knife 805, a closed space is formed in the communicating pipe 3, further plugging of crude oil mixture is achieved, the problem that the plugging capability of the existing device for blowout on an offshore wellhead is poor is solved, after blowout is finished, the long rod 617 is moved, the brush 614 connected with the long rod 617 cleans the filter screen 613, dirt attached to the surface of the filter screen 613 is prevented from being condensed to block the filter screen 613, crude oil can not enter the oil outlet pipe 616 through the filter screen 613, and the switch is turned on, so that dirt inside the oil collecting tank 611 is discharged through the sewage discharge pipe 615.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 1-4 and fig. 9, when the invention is applied to the normal oil pumping environment of an oil well, the semicircular supporting sleeve 401 is placed inside the communicating pipe 3, the third threaded rod 403 included in the lubricating component 4 is rotated to drive the two sleeves 404 with opposite internal threads to slide in the first sliding groove 402 and approach each other until the supporting plate 406 connected by the second bracket 405 is tightly supported in the slotted hole 301, and the ball 408 is tightly contacted with the oil pumping rod 2, after the oil pumping rod 2 is used for a period of time, the sealing plug is opened to add lubricating oil into the oil pumping pipeline 409, so that when the oil pumping rod 2 moves up and down, the ball 408 continuously lubricates and cools the oil pumping rod 2 to prevent rusting, the service life of the oil pumping rod 2 is prolonged, the sealing performance is ensured for a long time, the oil pumping rod 2 can also be ensured to move up and down without deviation, and the problem of oil leakage of a well mouth caused by deviation and breakage after the existing oil pumping rod 2 is used for a long time is solved, and the bottom of semicircular support cutting ferrule 401 is fixed with scraper blade 407 through spot welding, and scraper blade 407 scrapes the adnexed filth in sucker rod 2 surface, avoids 2 adnexed filths in sucker rod surface to become dry solid influence sucker rod 2's normal use through long-time.
The working process and principle of the invention are as follows:
when a blowout occurs in an offshore oil well, the first threaded rod 606 is rotated, the first piston 608 pushes the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 to approach the sucker rod 2 until the semicircular oil guide pipe 605 is tightly attached to the sucker rod 2, so that primary plugging of crude oil is realized, further blowout of crude oil is reduced, a large amount of time is gained for operating personnel to handle blowout accidents, a less-pollution working environment is provided, a part of crude oil flowing at high speed continuously impacts the second piston 902, the second piston 902 moves in the sleeve 901 and compresses the air sealed inside until the air in the air bag 904 is completely filled into the air bag 904, the volume of the air bag 904 is continuously increased due to continuous filling of the air in the air bag 904 until the air bag 904 is tightly attached to the sucker rod 2, further plugging of crude oil mixtures from rock strata is realized, and the plugging effect of plugging the blowout occurring at the offshore well mouth is greatly improved, meanwhile, the other part of the crude oil injected at high speed enters a semicircular oil guide pipe 605, and enters an oil collecting tank 611 through an oil conveying pipe 604, an oil baffle plate 612 effectively buffers the injection speed of the crude oil, and greatly reduces the impact force of the crude oil, a filter screen 613 filters cement, rock particles and sludge mixed in the crude oil, so that the purity degree of the crude oil passing through an oil outlet pipe 616 is further improved, the crude oil is discharged through the oil outlet pipe 616, the crude oil generated by blowout at an offshore wellhead is effectively collected, and pollution to the sea is effectively reduced, while the operation is performed, an operator rotates a second threaded rod 802 to enable a third piston 801 to drive a pushing block 803 to move, the two pushing blocks 803 respectively drive a first semicircular shearing knife 804 and a second semicircular shearing knife 805 to move towards a sucker rod 2, so that the first semicircular shearing knife 804 and the second semicircular shearing knife 805 are mutually matched to cut off the sucker rod 2, until the first semicircular shearing knife 804 enters the semicircular clamping groove 806 formed in the second semicircular shearing knife 805, a closed space is formed in the communicating pipe 3, the crude oil mixture is further blocked, and after the blowout is stopped, a switch on the drain pipe 615 is rotated to remove the residual cement, rock particles and sludge at the bottom of the oil collecting tank 611;
when the invention is applied to the normal oil pumping environment of an oil well, the sucker rod 2 is easy to block due to lack of lubricating oil after long-time work, the sealing plug is opened at the moment, the lubricating oil is injected into the oil injection pipeline 409, and the lubricating oil effectively lubricates the ball 408, thereby realizing the lubrication of the sucker rod 2, preventing the sucker rod from rusting and cooling, prolonging the service life of the sucker rod 2 and ensuring the sealing property of the sucker rod for a long time.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead comprises a blowout preventer body (1), a sucker rod (2) and a communicating pipe (3), wherein the communicating pipe (3) is fixedly installed at the top of the blowout preventer body (1) through a bolt, a lubricating assembly (4) is installed inside the communicating pipe (3), and the sucker rod (2) is installed inside the blowout preventer body (1), and is characterized in that an oil collecting assembly (6) is installed at one end of the blowout preventer body (1), first connecting pipes (7) are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the communicating pipe (3), a shearing assembly (8) is installed in the first connecting pipes (7), and a plugging assembly (9) is installed inside the blowout preventer body (1);
the oil collecting assembly (6) comprises a second connecting pipe (601), a third connecting pipe (602), a sealing ring (603), an oil conveying pipe (604), a semicircular oil guide pipe (605), a first threaded rod (606), a handle (607), a first piston (608) and a first support (609), the outer side of the blowout preventer body (1) is respectively and symmetrically communicated with the second connecting pipe (601) and the third connecting pipe (602), the oil conveying pipe (604) is installed on the inner wall of the second connecting pipe (601) through the sealing ring (603), the semicircular oil guide pipe (605) is rotatably connected inside the blowout preventer body (1), the semicircular oil guide pipes (605) are symmetrically arranged, the two semicircular oil guide pipes (605) are matched with the sucker rod (2), the sealing ring (603) is installed on one side adjacent to the semicircular oil guide pipe (605), the first threaded rod (606) is installed inside the third connecting pipe (602), one end of the first threaded rod (606) is fixed with a handle (607) through spot welding, the other end of the first threaded rod (606) is movably connected with a first piston (608) through a bearing, a sealing ring (603) is installed on one side of the first piston (608), the sealing ring (603) is matched with a third connecting pipe (602), and one side, away from the first threaded rod (606), of the first piston (608) is rotatably connected with a semicircular oil guide pipe (605) through a first support (609).
2. The energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil collection assembly (6) further comprises a cross bar (610), an oil collection tank (611), an oil baffle (612), a filter screen (613), a brush (614), a blow-off pipe (615) and an oil outlet pipe (616), the cross bar (610) is fixed to the outer side of the blowout preventer body (1) through spot welding, the top of the cross bar (610) is fixedly connected with the oil collection tank (611), the oil collection tank (611) is communicated with the oil pipeline (604), the oil baffle (612) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the oil collection tank (611), the filter screen (613) is fixedly connected between the oil baffle (612) and the inner wall of the oil collection tank (611), a through hole is formed in the outer side of the oil collection tank (611), a long rod (617) is sleeved in the through hole, the brush (614) is fixedly connected to one end of the long rod (617), the other end of stock (617) extends to the oil collecting tank (611) outside, brush (614) and filter screen (613) cooperate, the bottom intercommunication of oil collecting tank (611) has blow off pipe (615), the switch is installed in the outside of blow off pipe (615), one side intercommunication of oil collecting tank (611) has oil pipe (616).
3. The energy-saving blowout-preventing pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the plugging assembly (9) comprises a casing (901), a second piston (902), a first telescopic rod (903) and an air bag (904), one end of the casing (901) is communicated with a semicircular oil guide pipe (605), the other end of the casing (901) is communicated with the air bag (904), the second piston (902) is installed inside the casing (901), the second piston (902) is connected with the casing (901) through the first telescopic rod (903), and a first spring is sleeved on the outer side of the first telescopic rod (903).
4. The energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the shearing assembly (8) comprises a third piston (801), a second threaded rod (802), a pushing block (803), a first semicircular shearing knife (804), a second semicircular shearing knife (805) and a semicircular clamping groove (806), the second threaded rod (802) is movably connected to one side of the third piston (801) through a bearing, a handle (607) is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the third piston (801), of the second threaded rod (802), a sealing ring (603) is installed on one side of the third piston (801), and the sealing ring (603) is matched with the first connecting pipe (7).
5. The energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 4, characterized in that one side, away from the second threaded rod (802), of the third piston (801) is fixedly connected with a pushing block (803), one end of one pushing block (803) is detachably provided with a first semicircular shearing knife (804), one end of the other pushing block (803) is detachably provided with a second semicircular shearing knife (805), one end of the second semicircular shearing knife (805) is provided with a semicircular clamping groove (806), and the semicircular clamping groove (806) is matched with the first semicircular shearing knife (804).
6. The energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the inside of the communicating pipe (3) is symmetrically provided with slotted holes (301), the lubricating component (4) comprises a semicircular supporting clamping sleeve (401), the semicircular supporting clamping sleeve (401) is symmetrically arranged in the communicating pipe (3), a first sliding groove (402) is formed in the outer side of the semicircular supporting clamping sleeve (401), a third threaded rod (403) is connected to the top of the semicircular supporting clamping sleeve (401) in a threaded mode, a sleeve (404) is sleeved on the outer side of the third threaded rod (403), the internal threads of the two sleeves (404) are opposite in screwing direction, the outer sides of the sleeves (404) are connected with a supporting plate (406) through a second bracket (405), and a non-slip mat is arranged on one side of the supporting plate (406), and the supporting plate (406) is matched with the slotted hole (301).
7. The energy-saving blowout prevention and pressure relief device for the offshore fracturing wellhead according to claim 6, is characterized in that a scraper (407) is fixed to the bottom of the semicircular supporting sleeve (401) through spot welding, the scraper (407) is matched with the sucker rod (2), a ball (408) is movably connected to the outer side of the semicircular supporting sleeve (401) through a bearing, an oil injection pipeline (409) is installed inside the semicircular supporting sleeve (401), the oil injection pipeline (409) is matched with the ball (408), and a sealing plug is installed at one end, located at the top, of the oil injection pipeline (409).
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| CN202111195146.2A CN114592820B (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Energy-saving blowout prevention pressure relief device for offshore fracturing wellhead |
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| CN116480311A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-07-25 | 烟台大学 | Blowout-preventing oil exploitation equipment |
| CN116517495A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-08-01 | 胜利油田长龙橡塑有限责任公司 | High-water-content wellhead sealing device |
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| CN114592820B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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