CN114590669A - Elevator and control device - Google Patents

Elevator and control device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114590669A
CN114590669A CN202110314781.1A CN202110314781A CN114590669A CN 114590669 A CN114590669 A CN 114590669A CN 202110314781 A CN202110314781 A CN 202110314781A CN 114590669 A CN114590669 A CN 114590669A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
drive sheave
car
current
motor
rescue operation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110314781.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
久保田猛彦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of CN114590669A publication Critical patent/CN114590669A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/027—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions to permit passengers to leave an elevator car in case of failure, e.g. moving the car to a reference floor or unlocking the door
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/02—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
    • B66B1/06—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B66B1/3415—Control system configuration and the data transmission or communication within the control system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B66B1/36—Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/043—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B15/00—Main component parts of mining-hoist winding devices
    • B66B15/02—Rope or cable carriers
    • B66B15/04—Friction sheaves; "Koepe" pulleys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/40—Details of the change of control mode
    • B66B2201/403—Details of the change of control mode by real-time traffic data
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B50/00—Energy efficient technologies in elevators, escalators and moving walkways, e.g. energy saving or recuperation technologies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are an elevator and a control device, which can restrain the excessive speed of a car in rescue operation. The elevator control device is provided with a speed detection unit, a short circuit determination unit, and a rescue operation unit. The speed detection unit detects the rotational speed of the drive sheave based on the current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short-circuits the three-phase electric wire. The short circuit determination unit determines whether or not there is a short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor, based on a current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short-circuits the three-phase electric wire. The rescue operation unit monitors the state of excess speed of the car during rescue operation based on the detection result of the speed detection unit or the determination result of the short determination unit based on the current detected by the current detector when the three-phase electric wire is short-circuited. The rescue operation unit causes the brake device to brake the drive sheave in accordance with the monitored situation.

Description

Elevator and control device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an elevator and a control device.
Background
Patent document 1 discloses an example of an elevator. The elevator is provided with a permanent magnet synchronous motor for driving the car by means of a driving rope sheave and a main rope. In the event of an elevator failure, there is a possibility that passengers become trapped inside the car. In the rescue operation of trapped passengers, the car is braked by a dynamic brake (dynamic brake) which is realized by impedance shorting of the three-phase wires of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Documents of the prior art
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2000-143115
Disclosure of Invention
However, in the elevator of patent document 1, when a contact failure or the like occurs at a contact point that short-circuits the three-phase electric wires, there is a possibility that the car brake by the dynamic brake does not function effectively. In this case, the car may travel at an excessive speed during the rescue operation.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems. The invention provides an elevator and a control device capable of restraining the excessive speed of a car in rescue operation.
The elevator of the invention is provided with: a motor, which is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current; a drive sheave that rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor; a braking device for holding a load of the car received by the drive sheave by a main rope wound around the drive sheave; a drive device that outputs a three-phase alternating current for driving the motor to the motor; a current detector that detects a current flowing through a three-phase electric wire connecting the driving device and the motor; an electromagnetic contactor having a contact capable of short-circuiting the three-phase wire at a position closer to the driving device than the current detector; a speed detection unit that detects a rotational speed of the drive sheave based on a current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short-circuits the three-phase electric wire; and a rescue operation unit that causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when the rotational speed detected by the speed detection unit exceeds a preset speed threshold during a rescue operation in which the car is moved to a stop position of a floor where passengers can get off the car when passengers are trapped inside the car.
The elevator of the invention is provided with: a motor which is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current; a drive sheave that rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor; a braking device for holding a load of the car received by the drive sheave by a main rope wound around the drive sheave; a drive device that outputs a three-phase alternating current for driving the motor to the motor; a current detector that detects a current flowing through a three-phase electric wire connecting the driving device and the motor; an electromagnetic contactor having a contact point capable of short-circuiting the three-phase wire at a position closer to the driving device than the current detector; a short circuit determination unit that determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid when a value obtained by adding absolute values of current values of three phases of three-phase currents flowing through the three-phase electric wire does not exceed a preset current threshold value, based on the current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short circuits the three-phase electric wire; and a rescue operation unit that causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when a time period during which the short circuit determination unit continuously determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid exceeds a preset time threshold during a rescue operation in which the car is moved to a stop position of a floor where passengers can get off the car when passengers are trapped inside the car.
The control device of the present invention is a control device applied to an elevator having: a motor, which is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current; a drive sheave that rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor; a braking device for holding a load of the car received by the drive sheave by a main rope wound around the drive sheave; a drive device that outputs a three-phase alternating current for driving the motor to the motor; a current detector that detects a current flowing through a three-phase electric wire connecting the driving device and the motor; and an electromagnetic contactor having a contact capable of shorting the three-phase wire at a position closer to the driving device than the current detector, wherein the control device includes: a speed detection unit that detects a rotational speed of the drive sheave based on a current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short-circuits the three-phase electric wire; and a rescue operation unit that causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when the rotational speed detected by the speed detection unit exceeds a preset speed threshold during a rescue operation in which the car is moved to a stop position at which passengers can get off the car when passengers get trapped inside the car.
The control device of the present invention is a control device applied to an elevator having: a motor, which is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current; a drive sheave that rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor; a braking device for holding a load of the car received by the drive sheave by a main rope wound around the drive sheave; a drive device that outputs a three-phase alternating current for driving the motor to the motor; a current detector that detects a current flowing through a three-phase electric wire connecting the driving device and the motor; and an electromagnetic contactor having a contact capable of shorting the three-phase wire at a position closer to the driving device than the current detector, wherein the control device includes: a short circuit determination unit that determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid when a value obtained by adding absolute values of current values of three phases of three-phase currents flowing through the three-phase electric wire does not exceed a preset current threshold value, based on the current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short circuits the three-phase electric wire; and a rescue operation unit that causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when the short circuit determination unit continuously determines that short circuit failure by the electromagnetic contactor has occurred during a rescue operation in which the car is moved to a stop position of a floor where passengers can get off when passengers are trapped inside the car.
Effects of the invention
The elevator or the control device of the invention can restrain the excessive speed of the car in the rescue operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an elevator according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of short circuit effectiveness determination by the short circuit determination unit in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of short circuit effectiveness determination by the short circuit determination unit in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a hardware configuration diagram of a main part of an elevator according to embodiment 1.
Description of the reference symbols
1: an elevator; 2: a hoistway; 3: a traction machine; 4: a main rope; 5: a car; 6: a counterweight; 7: a control system; 8: a motor; 9: a drive sheave; 10: a braking device; 11: a drive device; 12: a current detector; 13: an encoder; 14: a brake control device; 15: an electromagnetic contactor; 16: a control device; 17: a three-phase wire; 18: a normally closed contact; 19: a coil; 20: a normal operation section; 21: an emergency stop portion; 22: a rescue operation unit; 23: a speed detection unit; 24: a short circuit determination section; 100 a: a processor; 100 b: a memory; 200: dedicated hardware.
Detailed Description
A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description is simplified or omitted as appropriate.
Embodiment 1.
Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an elevator 1 according to embodiment 1.
The elevator 1 is applied to a building having a plurality of floors. A hoistway 2 of an elevator 1 is provided in a building. The hoistway 2 is a vertically long space that spans a plurality of floors. The elevator 1 includes a hoisting machine 3, a main rope 4, a car 5, a counterweight 6, and a control system 7.
The hoisting machine 3 includes a motor 8, a drive sheave 9, and a brake device 10. The motor 8 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current. The drive sheave 9 is a sheave that rotates in conjunction with the rotation shaft of the motor 8. The braking device 10 is a device for braking the drive sheave 9. The brake device 10 brakes the drive sheave 9 by a frictional force generated by pressing a brake shoe against a braking surface that rotates in conjunction with the drive sheave 9 by an elastic force of a spring or the like, for example. The brake device 10 moves the brake shoes away from the braking surface when releasing the drive sheave 9, for example, by using electromagnets to pick up the armature.
The main ropes 4 are ropes wound around the drive sheave 9. The main ropes 4 support the load of the car 5 on one side of the drive sheave 9. The main ropes 4 support the load of the counterweight 6 on the other side of the drive sheave 9. Therefore, the drive sheave 9 receives a torque caused by the load of the car 5 on one side by the main ropes 4. Further, the drive sheave 9 receives a torque caused by the load of the counterweight 6 on the other side via the main ropes 4. That is, the drive sheave 9 receives a torque due to an unbalanced load of the car 5 and the counterweight 6 via the main ropes 4. The unbalanced load is a load generated due to an imbalance of the load of the car 5 and the load of the counterweight 6. The load of the car 5 includes a load of the car 5.
The car 5 is a device that transports passengers between a plurality of floors by traveling in the vertical direction in the hoistway 2. The counterweight 6 is a device for balancing the load applied to the drive sheave 9 with respect to the car 5. The car 5 and the counterweight 6 travel in opposite directions in the hoistway 2 by rotation of the drive sheave 9 and movement of the main ropes 4 by the driving force generated by the motor 8. The car 5 travels to a landing position of each floor during normal operation and stops. The landing position of each floor is a position at which a passenger can get on and off the car 5 at the floor.
The control system 7 is a system that controls the operation of the elevator 1. The control system 7 includes a drive device 11, a current detector 12, an encoder 13, a brake control device 14, an electromagnetic contactor 15, and a control device 16.
The drive device 11 is a device that outputs three-phase alternating current for driving the motor 8 to the motor 8. The drive 11 is connected to the motor 8 by means of a three-phase cable 17. The drive device 11 supplies electric power to the motor 8 through a three-phase electric wire 17.
The current detector 12 is a device that detects a current flowing through the three-phase electric wire 17. In this example, the current detector 12 detects a current flowing through the U-phase and V-phase electric wires of the three-phase electric wire 17. At this time, the current flowing through the W-phase wire of the three-phase wires 17 is indirectly detected, for example, by a relational expression in which the sum of the three-phase currents is 0.
The encoder 13 is provided in the motor 8 of the hoisting machine 3. The encoder 13 is a device that detects the rotation angle of the motor 8. The encoder 13 may detect the rotation speed of the motor 8 from a temporal change in the rotation angle of the motor 8.
The brake control device 14 controls the braking and releasing operations of the brake device 10. The brake control device 14 causes the brake device 10 to release the drive sheave 9 by supplying power to an electromagnet of the brake device 10, for example. The brake control device 14 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 by, for example, stopping the power supply to the electromagnet of the brake device 10. Here, the brake control device 14 supplies power to the brake device 10 independently of power supplied from the drive device 11 to the motor 8. That is, even when an abnormality occurs in the drive device 11, the brake control device 14 can control the operation of the brake device 10.
The electromagnetic contactor 15 is a connector for a dynamic brake. The electromagnetic contactor 15 has a normally closed contact 18 and a coil 19. The normally closed contact 18 is a contact that when closed shorts the three-phase wire 17. The normally closed contact 18 shorts the three-phase electric wire 17 at a position closer to the driving device 11 than the current detector 12. The normally closed contacts 18 short the three-phase wires 17, for example, by means of an impedance. In this example, the normally closed contact 18 shorts each group of the U-phase and W-phase wires and the V-phase and W-phase wires among the three-phase wires 17. The coil 19 is an element that opens and closes the normally closed contact 18 in response to an input. The coil 19 opens the normally closed contact 18 when an opening command is input. The coil 19 closes the normally closed contact 18 when no command is input.
The control device 16 is a device that controls the operation of the elevator 1. The control device 16 includes a normal operation unit 20, an emergency stop unit 21, a rescue operation unit 22, a speed detection unit 23, and a short circuit determination unit 24.
The normal operation section 20 is a section that controls normal operation of the elevator 1, such as traveling of the car 5 between a plurality of floors. During the normal operation, the normal operation portion 20 opens the normally closed contact 18 by inputting an opening command to the coil 19 of the electromagnetic contactor 15. Therefore, during normal operation, the three-phase electric wire 17 is not short-circuited. When the car 5 is driven, the normal operation unit 20 causes the brake device 10 to release the drive sheave 9 by the brake control device 14. The normal operation unit 20 drives the motor 8 by the driving device 11 based on the rotation speed of the motor 8 based on the output of the encoder 13 and the current value based on the output of the current detector 12. At this time, the car 5 travels to a stop position at an arbitrary floor by the rotation of the drive sheave 9 and the movement of the main ropes 4 by the driving force generated by the motor 8. When the car 5 reaches the stop position, the motor 8 is normally stopped by the drive device 11 in the operation portion 20. When the car 5 stops at the stop position, the normal operation unit 20 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 by the brake control device 14. At this time, the braking device 10 maintains the unbalanced load applied to the drive sheave 9.
The emergency stop unit 21 is a unit that controls emergency stop of the elevator 1 when an abnormality occurs or the like. The abnormality occurring in the elevator 1 includes, for example, a situation in which the driving of the motor 8 is no longer possible due to a failure of the drive device 11. The emergency stop unit 21 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 by the brake control device 14 at the time of emergency stop. In addition, during an emergency stop, the normal operation portion 20 closes the normally closed contact 18 by stopping the input of the command to the coil 19 of the electromagnetic contactor 15. Thereby, the three-phase electric wire 17 is short-circuited. When the rotating shaft of the motor 8 rotates due to a torque such as an unbalanced load when the three-phase electric wires 17 are short-circuited, the motor 8 functions as a generator to generate an induced electromotive force. A braking force is generated in the motor 8 by an interaction between a current flowing due to the induced electromotive force and a magnetic field of the permanent magnet. That is, the braking force of the dynamic brake is generated.
Here, when the position at which the car 5 on which the passenger is riding is stopped is not a landing position of any floor due to an emergency stop, the passenger may be trapped inside the car 5. At this time, the rescue operation is performed, and the car 5 is moved to a stop position at a floor where passengers trapped in the car 5 seated thereon can get off. The floor where passengers can get off is, for example, the nearest floor to the position where the car 5 stops. The rescue operation unit 22 is a part that controls a rescue operation that is automatically performed without requiring a manual operation by a professional such as a maintenance person of the elevator 1.
The speed detection unit 23 is configured as follows: the rotation speed of the drive sheave 9 is detected from the current detected by the current detector 12 when the three-phase electric wire 17 is short-circuited. Here, the frequency of the induced electromotive force when the motor 8 functions as a generator is proportional to the rotation speed of the rotating shaft of the motor 8 that is interlocked with the drive sheave 9. Therefore, the speed detector 23 can detect the rotation speed of the motor 8 and the drive sheave 9 from the frequency of the current detected by the current detector 12 without depending on a device such as the encoder 13 that detects the rotation angle or the rotation speed of the motor 8 during normal operation. That is, even when the encoder 13 has failed, the speed detection unit 23 can detect the rotation speed of the drive sheave 9 and the traveling speed of the car 5 traveling by the rotation of the drive sheave 9.
The short circuit determination unit 24 is as follows: whether or not the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 is effective is determined based on the current detected by the current detector 12 when the three-phase electric wire 17 is short-circuited. Here, when a contact failure occurs in the normally closed contact 18, the three-phase electric wire 17 may not be effectively short-circuited. In the case where the three-phase electric wires 17 cannot be effectively short-circuited, no current flows through the three-phase electric wires 17, and therefore no braking force of the dynamic brake is generated. On the other hand, if the three-phase electric wire 17 is effectively short-circuited, since a current flows through the three-phase electric wire 17 when the rotation shaft of the motor 8 rotates, the short-circuit determination unit 24 can determine that the short-circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 is invalid when the current detected by the current detector 12 is smaller than a predetermined reference.
The rescue operation unit 22 performs a rescue operation as follows, for example.
Rescue operation unit 22 causes brake device 10 to release drive sheave 9 by brake control device 14. Thereby, the drive sheave 9 is rotated by the torque of the unbalanced load of the car 5 and the counterweight 6. At this time, the rotating shaft of the motor 8 interlocked with the drive sheave 9 also rotates, and thus the braking force of the dynamic brake is generated due to the short circuit of the three-phase electric wires 17. Therefore, the car 5 travels at a constant speed with the unbalanced load and the braking force of the dynamic brake balanced. When the car 5 reaches a stopping position at a floor where passengers can get off, the rescue operation unit 22 stops the car 5 by, for example, the braking force of the brake device 10. Thereby, the trapped passengers can get off the car 5.
On the other hand, when the unbalanced load exceeds the maximum value of the braking force of the dynamic brake due to a large load carried by the car 5, the speed of the car 5 is increased without being constant. Therefore, the rescue operation unit 22 monitors the rotation speed of the drive sheave 9 based on the detection result of the speed detection unit 23. When the rotational speed of the drive sheave 9 exceeds a speed threshold, the rescue operation unit 22 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 by the brake control device 14. The speed threshold is, for example, a threshold of a rotation speed set in advance in accordance with an upper limit of the speed of the car 5 in the rescue operation.
Here, when the car 5 does not reach the stop position, the rescue operation unit 22 stops the car 5 by the braking force of the brake device 10, and then causes the brake device 10 to release the drive sheave 9 by the brake control device 14. Thereby, the car 5 travels again. After that, when the rotational speed of the drive sheave 9 exceeds the speed threshold again, the rescue operation unit 22 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 again by the brake control device 14. By repeating the release and braking of the brake device 10 in this manner, the rescue operation unit 22 can perform the rescue operation within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the speed of the car 5 even when the load carried by the car 5 is large.
Further, a contact failure occurs in a part of the normally closed contact 18, and thus the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 may be partially invalidated. For example, in the three-phase electric wire 17, short-circuiting of any one set of U-phase and W-phase electric wires or V-phase and W-phase electric wires may become ineffective. Even in this case, since the induced current of the single phase flows, the braking force of the dynamic brake is partially generated. At this time, the speed detector 23 detects the rotation speed of the drive sheave 9 based on the frequency of the induced current of the single phase. Therefore, even when the speed of the car 5 increases due to a part of the braking force of the dynamic brake, the rescue operation unit 22 can perform the rescue operation within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the speed of the car 5.
Further, a contact failure occurs in the normally closed contact 18, and thus the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 may be ineffective. For example, in the three-phase electric wire 17, two sets of short circuits of U-phase and W-phase electric wires and V-phase and W-phase electric wires may become ineffective. At this time, since no induced current flows through the three-phase electric wire 17, the speed detector 23 cannot monitor the rotation speed of the drive sheave 9 any more. Therefore, the rescue operation unit 22 monitors the effectiveness of the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 based on the determination result of the short circuit determination unit 24. When starting the rescue operation, the rescue operation unit 22 causes the short circuit determination unit 24 to start determination of whether or not the short circuit is effective. Further, the rescue operation unit 22 may stop the determination of the effectiveness of the short circuit by the short circuit determination unit 24 while the braking device 10 is braking the drive sheave 9. Rescue operation unit 22 measures the time during which short circuit determination unit 24 continuously determines that the short circuit by electromagnetic contactor 15 is invalid. When the measured time exceeds the time threshold, rescue operation unit 22 causes brake device 10 to brake drive sheave 9 by brake control device 14. The time threshold is, for example, a time threshold set in advance corresponding to the time when the speed of the accelerated car 5 reaches the upper speed limit in the rescue operation when the braking force of the dynamic brake does not function.
Here, when the car 5 does not reach the stop position, the rescue operation unit 22 may cause the brake device 10 to release the drive sheave 9 by the brake control device 14 after the car 5 stops due to the braking force of the brake device 10. Thereby, the car 5 travels again. After that, when the short circuit determination unit 24 determines that the short circuit is ineffective continuously for a time period exceeding the time threshold again, the rescue operation unit 22 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 again by the brake control device 14. By repeating the release and braking of the brake device 10 in this way, the rescue operation unit 22 can perform the rescue operation within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the speed of the car 5 even when the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 is ineffective due to a contact failure or the like.
Alternatively, the rescue operation unit 22 may stop the automatic rescue operation when the short circuit determination unit 24 continuously determines that the short circuit is invalid and the time exceeds the time threshold. At this time, the trapped passenger is rescued by an operation of a professional such as a serviceman of the elevator 1.
Next, an example of the short circuit validity determination by the short circuit determination unit 24 will be described with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
Fig. 2 and 3 are diagrams illustrating an example of the effectiveness determination of the short circuit by the short circuit determination unit 24 in embodiment 1.
In fig. 2 and 3, the horizontal axis represents time. In fig. 2 and 3, the vertical axis represents the magnitude of the current.
Fig. 2 shows a relationship between an unbalanced load and an induced current flowing through the shorted three-phase electric wire 17. Curves a and b show examples of temporal changes in the induced current when different unbalanced loads are applied to the drive sheave 9. The unbalanced load corresponding to curve b is smaller than the unbalanced load corresponding to curve a. The curve a corresponds to a state in which the load of the car 5 deviates from the balanced load, for example. The curve b corresponds to a state in which the load of the car 5 is close to the balanced load, for example. As shown in fig. 2, the smaller the unbalanced load, the smaller the rotation speed of the drive sheave 9, and therefore, the smaller the peak value and the frequency of the waveform of the induced current. That is, when the unbalanced load is small, the time during which the current value of the induced current detected by the current detector 12 is in the vicinity of 0 becomes long. Therefore, when the effectiveness of the short circuit is determined from the current values of any individual phase among the three-phase currents, if the unbalanced load is small, the short circuit may be determined to be ineffective even if the short circuit is actually effective. Therefore, the short circuit determination unit 24 determines the effectiveness of the short circuit as described below so that the determination can be performed more reliably even when the unbalanced load is small.
Fig. 3 shows an example of temporal changes in the absolute value of each phase of the induced current detected by the current detector 12. Here, phase W current IWFor example by using U-phase current IUAnd V phase current IVAnd according to the relation I that the sum of the three-phase currents is 0U+IV+IWAnd indirectly detected as 0, etc. As shown in fig. 3, although the time for which the current value of each phase is in the vicinity of 0 is long, the absolute value of the current value of each phase of the three phases is added to obtain a value | IU|+|IV|+|IWI varies within a certain range from 0. Therefore, the short circuit determination unit 24 determines that the sum of the absolute values of the current values of the three phases exceeds the current threshold IthWhen the short circuit is determined to be effective, the short circuit is determined to be effective by the electromagnetic contactor 15. Here, the current threshold IthFor example, the current threshold is set in advance to determine whether or not an induced current flows through the short-circuited three-phase electric wire 17. On the other hand, the value obtained by the addition of the short circuit determination unit 24 does not exceed the current threshold IthIf it is determined that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 is invalid. Thus, the short circuit determination unit 24 can more reliably determine the effectiveness of the short circuit even when the unbalanced load is small and the period of the waveform of the induced current is long relative to the time threshold.
As described above, the elevator 1 according to embodiment 1 includes the motor 8, the drive sheave 9, the brake device 10, the drive device 11, the current detector 12, the electromagnetic contactor 15, and the control device 16. The motor 8 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current. The drive sheave 9 rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor 8. The braking device 10 holds the load of the car 5 such as the unbalanced load received by the drive sheave 9. The drive device 11 outputs three-phase alternating current for driving the motor 8 to the motor 8. The current detector 12 detects a current flowing through the three-phase electric wire 17. The three-phase electric wire 17 connects the driving device 11 and the motor 8. The electromagnetic contactor 15 has normally closed contacts 18 capable of short-circuiting the three-phase electric wires 17 at a position closer to the driving device 11 than the current detector 12. The control device 16 includes a speed detection unit 23, a short circuit determination unit 24, and a rescue operation unit 22. The speed detector 23 detects the rotational speed of the drive sheave 9 based on the current detected by the current detector 12 when the electromagnetic contactor 15 shorts the three-phase electric wire 17. The short circuit determination unit 24 determines whether or not there is a short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15, based on the current detected by the current detector 12 when the electromagnetic contactor 15 short circuits the three-phase electric wire 17. The short circuit determination unit 24 determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 is invalid when a value obtained by adding absolute values of three phase current values of three phase currents flowing through the three-phase electric wire 17 does not exceed a preset current threshold value. The rescue operation is an operation of the elevator 1 in which the car 5 is moved to a stop position at a floor where passengers can get off when passengers are trapped inside the car 5. The rescue operation unit 22 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 when the rotation speed detected by the speed detection unit 23 exceeds a preset speed threshold during the rescue operation. The rescue operation unit 22 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 when the short circuit determination unit 24 continuously determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 is ineffective for a time period exceeding a preset time threshold during the rescue operation.
With this configuration, the excessive speed of the car 5 is monitored based on the current detected by the current detector 12 when the electromagnetic contactor 15 shorts the three-phase electric wire 17. The situation includes, for example, acceleration of the car 5 and contact failure at the electromagnetic contactor 15. The rescue operation unit 22 can suppress an excessive speed of the car 5 during the rescue operation because the brake device 10 brakes the drive sheave 9 in accordance with the monitored situation. The speed detector 23 detects the rotational speed of the drive sheave 9 from the current flowing when the three-phase electric wire 17 is short-circuited. Therefore, even when the encoder 13 or the drive device 11 has failed, the rescue operation unit 22 can perform the rescue operation while monitoring the rotation speed of the drive sheave 9. Even when the braking force of the dynamic brake does not function, the rescue operation unit 22 causes the braking device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 before the speed of the car 5 reaches the upper speed limit during the rescue operation. Therefore, the rescue operation unit 22 can perform the rescue operation within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the speed of the car 5 even when the electromagnetic contactor 15 has a contact failure or the like.
In the rescue operation, the rescue operation unit 22 causes the drive sheave 9 to brake the brake device 10, and then causes the drive sheave 9 to release the brake device 10. When the rotation speed detected by the speed detector 23 exceeds the preset speed threshold again, the rescue operation unit 22 causes the brake device 10 to brake the drive sheave 9 again. The rescue operation unit 22 moves the car 5 to the floor stopping position by repeating the release and braking of the drive sheave 9.
With this configuration, even when the unbalanced load is large relative to the braking force of the dynamic brake, the rescue operation can be performed within a range not exceeding the upper limit of the speed of the car 5.
In addition, the rescue operation unit 22 may stop the rescue operation when the short circuit determination unit 24 continuously determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor 15 is invalid for a time period exceeding a time threshold during the rescue operation.
According to this configuration, when the braking force of the dynamic brake is not generated, the automatic rescue operation by the rescue unit is stopped. At this time, the passengers trapped in the car 5 are rescued by a manual rescue operation performed by a professional such as a serviceman while confirming the movement of the car 5.
The control device 16 may include only one of the speed detection unit 23 and the short circuit determination unit 24. In this case, rescue operation unit 22 performs rescue operation only based on either the detection result of speed detection unit 23 or the determination result of short circuit determination unit 24. In addition, when the encoder 13, the drive device 11, or the like normally functions, the control device 16 may monitor the rotation speed of the drive sheave 9 based on information obtained from the encoder 13, the drive device 11, or the like.
The elevator 1 may also be a traction elevator implemented by roping of a different type than that shown in fig. 1. The elevator 1 may also be a drum elevator without counterweight.
Next, an example of the hardware configuration of the elevator 1 will be described with reference to fig. 4.
Fig. 4 is a hardware configuration diagram of a main part of the elevator 1 according to embodiment 1.
For example, each function of the elevator 1 in the control device 16 and the like can be realized by a processing circuit. The processing circuit is provided with at least 1 processor 100a and at least 1 memory 100 b. The processing circuit may include the processor 100a and the memory 100b, or may include at least 1 dedicated hardware 200 instead of or in addition to them.
When the processing circuit includes the processor 100a and the memory 100b, each function of the elevator 1 is realized by software, firmware, or a combination of software and firmware. At least one of the software and the firmware is described as a program. The program is stored in the memory 100 b. The processor 100a reads out and executes the program stored in the memory 100b to realize each function of the elevator 1.
The processor 100a is also called a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a Processing device, an arithmetic device, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a DSP. The memory 100b is constituted by a nonvolatile or volatile semiconductor memory such as a RAM, a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or an EEPROM.
In the case where the processing circuit includes the dedicated hardware 200, the processing circuit is realized by, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, a parallel programmed processor, an ASIC, an FPGA, or a combination thereof.
The functions of the elevator 1 can be implemented by the processing circuit. Alternatively, the functions of the elevator 1 can be realized by the processing circuit in a unified manner. The functions of the elevator 1 may be implemented partially by dedicated hardware 200 and partially by software or firmware. In this way the processing circuit realizes the functions of the elevator 1 by means of dedicated hardware 200, software, firmware or a combination thereof.

Claims (7)

1. An elevator, wherein the elevator is provided with:
a motor, which is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current;
a drive sheave that rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor;
a braking device for holding a load of the car received by the drive sheave by a main rope wound around the drive sheave;
a drive device that outputs a three-phase alternating current for driving the motor to the motor;
a current detector that detects a current flowing through a three-phase electric wire connecting the driving device and the motor;
an electromagnetic contactor having a contact point capable of short-circuiting the three-phase wire at a position closer to the driving device than the current detector;
a speed detection unit that detects a rotational speed of the drive sheave based on a current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short-circuits the three-phase electric wire; and
and a rescue operation unit that causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when the rotational speed detected by the speed detection unit exceeds a preset speed threshold during a rescue operation in which the car is moved to a stop position of a floor where passengers can get off the car when passengers are trapped inside the car.
2. The elevator according to claim 1,
the rescue operation unit repeatedly performs the following operations during the rescue operation to move the car to the landing position, the operations including: and a braking device for releasing the drive sheave after the braking device brakes the drive sheave, and for braking the drive sheave again when the rotational speed detected by the speed detection unit exceeds a preset speed threshold again.
3. The elevator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the elevator is provided with a short circuit determination part which determines that the short circuit realized by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid when a value obtained by adding absolute values of three phase current values of three phases of three-phase currents flowing through the three-phase electric wire does not exceed a preset current threshold value according to the current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor makes the three-phase electric wire short circuit,
the rescue operation unit causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when the short-circuit determination unit continuously determines that the short-circuit failure by the electromagnetic contactor has exceeded a predetermined time threshold during the rescue operation.
4. An elevator, wherein the elevator is provided with:
a motor, which is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current;
a drive sheave that rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor;
a braking device for holding a load of the car received by the drive sheave by a main rope wound around the drive sheave;
a drive device that outputs a three-phase alternating current for driving the motor to the motor;
a current detector that detects a current flowing through a three-phase electric wire connecting the driving device and the motor;
an electromagnetic contactor having a contact point capable of short-circuiting the three-phase wire at a position closer to the driving device than the current detector;
a short circuit determination unit that determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid when a value obtained by adding absolute values of current values of three phases of three-phase currents flowing through the three-phase electric wire does not exceed a preset current threshold value, based on the current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short circuits the three-phase electric wire; and
and a rescue operation unit that causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when a time period during which the short circuit determination unit continuously determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid exceeds a predetermined time threshold during a rescue operation in which the car is moved to a stop position of a floor where passengers can get off the car when passengers are trapped inside the car.
5. The elevator according to claim 3 or 4,
the rescue operation unit stops the rescue operation when the short circuit determination unit continuously determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid for a time period exceeding the time threshold during the rescue operation.
6. A control device applied to an elevator comprising:
a motor, which is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current;
a drive sheave that rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor;
a braking device for holding a load of the car received by the drive sheave by a main rope wound around the drive sheave;
a drive device that outputs a three-phase alternating current for driving the motor to the motor;
a current detector that detects a current flowing through a three-phase electric wire connecting the driving device and the motor; and
an electromagnetic contactor having a contact capable of shorting the three-phase wire at a position closer to the driving device than the current detector,
the control device is provided with:
a speed detection unit that detects a rotational speed of the drive sheave based on a current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short-circuits the three-phase electric wire; and
and a rescue operation unit that causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when the rotational speed detected by the speed detection unit exceeds a preset speed threshold during a rescue operation in which the car is moved to a stop position at which passengers can get off the car when passengers get trapped inside the car.
7. A control device applied to an elevator comprising:
a motor, which is a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-phase alternating current;
a drive sheave that rotates in conjunction with a rotating shaft of the motor;
a braking device for holding a load of the car received by the drive sheave by a main rope wound around the drive sheave;
a drive device that outputs a three-phase alternating current for driving the motor to the motor;
a current detector that detects a current flowing through a three-phase electric wire connecting the driving device and the motor; and
an electromagnetic contactor having a contact capable of shorting the three-phase wire at a position closer to the driving device than the current detector,
the control device is provided with:
a short circuit determination unit that determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid when a value obtained by adding absolute values of current values of three phases of three-phase currents flowing through the three-phase electric wire does not exceed a preset current threshold value, based on the current detected by the current detector when the electromagnetic contactor short circuits the three-phase electric wire; and
and a rescue operation unit that causes the braking device to brake the drive sheave when a time period during which the short circuit determination unit continuously determines that the short circuit by the electromagnetic contactor is invalid exceeds a predetermined time threshold during a rescue operation in which the car is moved to a stop position of a floor where passengers can get off the car when passengers are trapped inside the car.
CN202110314781.1A 2020-12-07 2021-03-24 Elevator and control device Pending CN114590669A (en)

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EP3190076B1 (en) * 2016-01-07 2019-06-12 Kone Corporation Motion feedback in an elevator
WO2024094306A1 (en) * 2022-11-04 2024-05-10 Kone Corporation Elevator safety apparatus and elevator with said safety apparatus

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JP2004238138A (en) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-26 Otis Elevator Co Passenger rescue operating apparatus at power outage/failure of elevator
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