CN114589264B - Machining system and machining method of thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head - Google Patents

Machining system and machining method of thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114589264B
CN114589264B CN202011405110.8A CN202011405110A CN114589264B CN 114589264 B CN114589264 B CN 114589264B CN 202011405110 A CN202011405110 A CN 202011405110A CN 114589264 B CN114589264 B CN 114589264B
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seal head
stamping
blank
stainless steel
thin
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CN114589264A (en
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沈凯
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Ouxing Machinery Equipment Co ltd
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Ouxing Machinery Equipment Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/38Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures
    • B21D51/44Making closures, e.g. caps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/16Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts of specific articles made from metal rods, tubes, or profiles, e.g. crankshafts, by specially adapted methods or means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10Die sets; Pillar guides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16Heating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/18Lubricating, e.g. lubricating tool and workpiece simultaneously
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D45/00Ejecting or stripping-off devices arranged in machines or tools dealt with in this subclass
    • B21D45/02Ejecting devices
    • B21D45/04Ejecting devices interrelated with motion of tool
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32Hydrogen storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal stamping forming, and discloses a processing system and a processing method of a thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head, wherein the processing system comprises a stamping device, the stamping device comprises an upper die mounting seat and a lower die mounting seat, an upper die is mounted on the upper die mounting seat, a lower die is mounted on the lower die mounting seat, a die head is mounted below the upper die, a die head connecting seat is arranged between the die head and the upper die, and the die head is mounted in the center of the upper die; the processing method comprises the steps of blanking, prepressing and forming, primary heating, secondary stamping, secondary heating and forming of a three-time stamping product; the processing method of warm stamping forming can avoid the phenomenon that most of circular arc sections on the edges of the seal heads bulge.

Description

Machining system and machining method of thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal stamping forming, in particular to a processing system of a thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head and a processing method for performing warm stamping forming on a large-diameter thin-wall seal head by using the processing system.
Background
The seal head is a key pressed part of various pressure containers and storage tanks, wherein the thin-wall seal head with the thickness T less than or equal to 3mm is mainly applied to inner liners of the pressure containers and the storage tanks on spacecrafts and large-size pressure containers, and the forming process of the seal head has important influence on the manufacturing technology of the pressure containers. The traditional pressure vessel seal heads are produced by a stamping method, and the stamping method requires a hydraulic press with large tonnage and large table top and a complete set of large-scale dies, so that the seal heads are not suitable for the production characteristics of single seal heads, small batches and multiple varieties of aerospace pressure vessels. Therefore, the spinning method is adopted to produce various sealing heads from the 60 s abroad. Because the size of the end socket on the spacecraft is larger than that of a civil product, and the end sockets are designed into smaller wall thickness for reducing the weight, and meanwhile, the requirement on the dimensional accuracy is high, the forming difficulty is large, and particularly, the spinning forming difficulty of the thin-wall end socket with small thickness-diameter ratio is larger. There is a need to develop a low cost, high quality, high precision spin forming technique.
The existing large-diameter thin-wall sealing head is difficult to process, thick-specification sealing heads are generally adopted to replace the existing large-diameter thin-wall sealing head, and a cold stamping process or a hot stamping process is adopted. The stamping process can lead to the small R section of the seal head to easily bulge, and the inclination of the straight section is larger after the seal head is formed, so that a more perfect processing method is needed to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a processing system and a processing method of a thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
the processing system of the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head comprises a stamping device, wherein the stamping device comprises an upper die mounting seat and a lower die mounting seat, an upper die is mounted on the upper die mounting seat, a lower die is mounted on the lower die mounting seat, a die head is mounted below the upper die, a die head connecting seat is arranged between the die head and the upper die, and the die head is mounted in the center of the upper die; the lower die is used for placing a blank, and a cylinder ejection mechanism is arranged below the blank and used for ejecting the blank upwards.
Preferably, the stamping device is further provided with a frame, a heating gun is arranged on the frame and positioned above the lower die, and the muzzle of the heating gun is opposite to the bending position of the edge of the blank.
Preferably, the straight-edge inclination repairing device further comprises a first fixing mechanism positioned at the inner side of the sealing head and a first correcting mechanism arranged on the outer surface of the sealing head relative to the fixing mechanism, wherein the contact surface of the first fixing mechanism and the sealing head is a convex spherical surface, the contact surface of the first correcting mechanism and the sealing head is also a convex spherical surface, the first fixing mechanism is used for fixing the sealing head, and the first correcting mechanism moves outside the sealing head.
Preferably, the bulge repairing device further comprises a second fixing mechanism positioned at the inner side of the sealing head and a second correcting mechanism arranged on the outer surface of the sealing head relative to the fixing mechanism, the contact surface of the second fixing mechanism and the sealing head is a convex spherical surface, the contact surface of the second correcting mechanism and the sealing head is a concave spherical surface, the second fixing mechanism is used for fixing the forming sealing head, and the second correcting mechanism moves outside the sealing head.
A processing method of a thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head is used for processing the austenitic stainless steel seal head with the thickness T less than or equal to 3mm, and the processing method adopts a processing system to process the austenitic stainless steel seal head and comprises the following steps:
A. blanking, namely calculating blanking size according to the specification and the thickness of the required seal head and cutting the blanking size into blanks;
B. pre-pressing, namely placing the blank on a lower die, coating lubricating oil on the surface of the blank, and pre-pressing; the plate is pre-pressed to form a blank plate, a blank of the blank plate is ejected out by using a cylinder ejection mechanism, and a heating gun faces the blank plate;
C. heating once, and heating by adopting a heating gun in an open fire baking mode to obtain a heated embryonic end socket, wherein the heating temperature is 300-350 ℃; the heating temperature can ensure that the processed sealing head is not easy to deform, and the heating temperature condition is lower, so that the processing is easy to realize and control;
D. c, secondary stamping, namely returning the cylinder pushing mechanism in place, putting the embryonic end enclosure obtained in the step C on the upper end surface of the lower die, stamping, ejecting a semi-finished product by using the cylinder pushing mechanism when two thirds of the stamping is performed, and performing secondary heating;
E. d, secondary heating, namely, after the secondary stamping of the semi-finished product is completed in the step D, heating again, wherein the heating temperature is 300-350 ℃;
F. forming a product by three times of stamping; and E, carrying out third stamping forming on the semi-finished product subjected to the secondary heating in the step E.
The warm stamping has the characteristics of small grains of the internal structure of the plate during heating, soft material property, good plasticity, difficult deformation and easy pressing of the plate, provides good conditions for forming the end socket with large diameter and thin thickness, and realizes the purposes of strong plasticity and uniform forming of the plate.
Preferably, the step of prepressing in the step B is to select a proper pressure parameter, press the lower end face of the die head to the surface of the blank, press the lower end face of the upper die to the upper end face of the lower die, and then press the blank to finish prepressing molding of the blank.
Preferably, the top cylinder mechanism is provided with a rotating structure, and the rotating structure can drive the sealing head on the top cylinder mechanism to rotate and heat the sealing head while rotating. The rotary structure can heat the sealing head or the blank or the semi-finished product while rotating, so that the sealing head can be heated uniformly when each heating is performed, and deformation or other conditions caused by local overheating can not occur.
Preferably, after the press forming is completed, if a local bulge occurs, the bulge is repaired by a bulge repairing device.
Preferably, after correction, if the inclination of the straight edge position is larger, the straight edge position is repaired by the straight edge inclination repairing device, and no correction mark exists after repair.
Preferably, the device for cutting the blank in the step A is a numerical control plasma cutting machine.
The invention has the remarkable technical effects due to the adoption of the technical scheme: the thin-wall sealing head is formed by heating through a specific process and heating temperature, and has the characteristics of thinness and difficult deformation.
The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of preliminary forming, repeated heating and forming, and warm stamping forming is adopted, so that the forming temperature is low, and compared with the existing forming temperature, the method has the advantages that the forming temperature is 1000 ℃, and the phenomenon of local overthickness or overthinness is avoided, so that the forming is more uniform;
the processing method of warm stamping forming can avoid the phenomenon that most of circular arc sections on the edges of the seal heads bulge, but a few of the bulge phenomena can be generated locally, and the local bulge phenomena are repaired by the bulge repairing device. If the corrected straight edge inclination is relatively large, the straight edge inclination is normal after the straight edge inclination is repaired by the straight edge inclination repairing device, and no correction mark exists on the surface, so that the processing difficulty is reduced when the large-diameter thin-wall sealing head is manufactured, and the product is easy to mold.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the straight edge inclination repairing apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bulge repair device.
The names of the parts indicated by the numerical reference numerals in the above drawings are as follows: the device comprises a 1-upper die mounting seat, a 2-lower die mounting seat, a 11-upper die, a 12-die head, a 13-die head connecting seat, a 21-lower die, a 22-cylinder jacking machine, a 3-stand, a 31-heating gun, a 41-first fixing mechanism, a 42-first correcting mechanism, a 51-second fixing mechanism and a 52-second correcting mechanism.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
1-3, a processing system of a thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head comprises a stamping device, wherein the stamping device comprises an upper die mounting seat 1 and a lower die mounting seat 2, an upper die 11 is mounted on the upper die mounting seat 1, a lower die 21 is mounted on the lower die mounting seat 2, a die head 12 is mounted below the upper die 11, a die head connecting seat 13 is arranged between the die head 12 and the upper die 11, and the die head 12 is mounted in the center of the upper die 11; the lower die 21 is used for placing a blank, and a cylinder ejection mechanism 22 is arranged below the blank and is used for ejecting the blank upwards. The two sides of the lower die are provided with reserved processing grooves for bending during processing, and the bottom is provided with a smooth bottom surface.
The stamping device is also provided with a frame 3, the frame 3 is provided with a heating gun 31, the heating gun 31 is positioned above the lower die 21, and the muzzle of the heating gun 31 is opposite to the bending part of the blank edge. The heating gun 31 may be provided with one or more, and may be specifically set according to the specification of the required head.
The straight-edge inclination repairing device comprises a first fixing mechanism 41 positioned at the inner side of the sealing head and a first correcting mechanism 42 arranged on the outer surface of the sealing head relative to the fixing mechanism, wherein the contact surface of the first fixing mechanism 41 and the sealing head is a convex spherical surface, the contact surface of the first correcting mechanism 42 and the sealing head is also a convex spherical surface, the first fixing mechanism 41 is used for fixing the sealing head, and the first correcting mechanism 42 moves at the outer side of the sealing head. If necessary, the seal head is fixedly arranged on the straight-edge inclination repairing device for repairing.
The bulge repairing device comprises a second fixing mechanism 51 positioned at the inner side of the sealing head and a second correcting mechanism 52 arranged on the outer surface of the sealing head relative to the fixing mechanism, the contact surface of the second fixing mechanism 51 and the sealing head is a convex spherical surface, the contact surface of the second correcting mechanism 52 and the sealing head is a concave spherical surface, the second fixing mechanism 51 is used for fixing the forming sealing head, and the second correcting mechanism 52 moves at the outer side of the sealing head. If necessary, the seal head is fixedly arranged on the bulge repairing device for repairing.
Example 2
A processing method of a thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head is used for processing the austenitic stainless steel seal head with the thickness T less than or equal to 3mm, and the processing method adopts a processing system to process the austenitic stainless steel seal head and comprises the following steps:
A. blanking, namely calculating blanking size according to the specification and the thickness of the required seal head and cutting the blanking size into blanks;
B. pre-pressing, namely placing the blank on a lower die 21, coating lubricating oil on the surface of the blank, and pre-pressing; the plate is pre-pressed to obtain a rudiment plate, a blank of the rudiment plate is ejected out by using a cylinder ejecting mechanism 22, and a heating gun 31 is opposite to the rudiment plate;
C. heating once, and heating by adopting a heating gun 31 in an open fire baking mode to obtain a heated embryonic end socket, wherein the heating temperature is 325 ℃;
D. c, secondary stamping, namely returning the cylinder pushing mechanism 22 in place, putting the embryonic end enclosure obtained in the step C on the upper end surface of the lower die 21, stamping, ejecting a semi-finished product by using the cylinder pushing mechanism 22 when two thirds of the stamping is finished, and carrying out secondary heating;
E. d, secondary heating, namely, after the secondary stamping of the semi-finished product is completed in the step D, heating again, wherein the heating temperature is 325 ℃;
F. forming a product by three times of stamping; and E, carrying out third stamping forming on the semi-finished product subjected to the secondary heating in the step E.
In the step B, the pre-pressing step is to select proper pressure parameters, press the lower end surface of the die head 12 to the surface of the blank, press the lower end surface of the upper die 11 to the upper end surface of the lower die 21, and then press the blank to finish the pre-pressing forming of the blank.
The heating gun 31 can be provided with one or more, and the top cylinder mechanism 22 is provided with a rotating structure, and the rotating structure can drive the sealing head on the top cylinder mechanism 22 to rotate, and the sealing head is heated while rotating, so as to ensure that the heating is sufficient.
After the stamping forming is finished, if the phenomenon of local bulge occurs, the bulge is repaired by the bulge repairing device.
After correction, if the straight edge position gradient is larger, the straight edge position gradient correction device is used for correcting the straight edge position gradient correction device.
The equipment for cutting the blank in the step A is a numerical control plasma cutting machine.
Example 3
The difference from example 2 is that the heating temperature in step C is 300 ℃; the heating temperature in step E is 350 ℃;
example 4
The difference from example 2 is that the heating temperature in step C is 350 ℃; the heating temperature in step E is 300 ℃;
in summary, the foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims should be construed to fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The machining method of the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head is used for machining the austenitic stainless steel seal head with the thickness T being less than or equal to 3mm and is characterized by adopting a machining system of the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head for machining, wherein the machining system of the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head comprises a stamping device, the stamping device comprises an upper die mounting seat, a lower die mounting seat and a frame, an upper die is mounted on the upper die mounting seat, a lower die is mounted on the lower die mounting seat, a die head is mounted below the upper die, a die head connecting seat is arranged between the die head and the upper die, and the die head is mounted in the center of the upper die; the lower die is used for placing a blank, a cylinder ejection mechanism is arranged below the blank and used for ejecting the blank upwards, a heating gun is arranged on the stand, the heating gun is positioned above the lower die, and a muzzle of the heating gun is opposite to a bending position of the edge of the blank;
the processing method comprises the following steps:
A. blanking, namely calculating blanking size according to the specification and the thickness of the required seal head and cutting the blanking size into blanks;
B. pre-pressing, namely placing the blank on a lower die, coating lubricating oil on the surface of the blank, and pre-pressing; the plate is pre-pressed to form a blank plate, a blank of the blank plate is ejected out by using a cylinder ejection mechanism, and a heating gun faces the blank plate;
C. heating once, and heating by adopting a heating gun in an open fire baking mode to obtain a heated embryonic end socket, wherein the heating temperature is 300-350 ℃;
D. c, secondary stamping, namely returning the cylinder pushing mechanism in place, putting the embryonic end enclosure obtained in the step C on the upper end surface of the lower die, stamping, ejecting a semi-finished product by using the cylinder pushing mechanism when two thirds of the stamping is performed, and performing secondary heating;
E. d, secondary heating, namely, after the secondary stamping of the semi-finished product is completed in the step D, heating again, wherein the heating temperature is 300-350 ℃;
F. forming a product by three times of stamping; and E, carrying out third stamping forming on the semi-finished product subjected to the secondary heating in the step E.
2. The method for processing the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and B, selecting proper pressure parameters, pressing the lower end face of the die head to the surface of the blank, pressing the lower end face of the upper die to the upper end face of the lower die, and then stamping to finish blank prepressing molding.
3. The method for processing the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cylinder pushing mechanism is provided with a rotating structure, and the rotating structure can drive the sealing head on the cylinder pushing mechanism to rotate and heat the sealing head while rotating.
4. The method for processing the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the processing system of the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head further comprises a bulge repairing device, the bulge repairing device comprises a second fixing mechanism positioned on the inner side of the seal head and a second correcting mechanism arranged on the outer surface of the seal head relative to the fixing mechanism, the contact surface of the second fixing mechanism and the seal head is a convex spherical surface, the contact surface of the second correcting mechanism and the seal head is a concave spherical surface, the second fixing mechanism is used for fixing the formed seal head, and the second correcting mechanism moves on the outer side of the seal head.
5. The method for processing the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after the stamping forming is finished, if the phenomenon of local bulge occurs, the bulge is repaired by the bulge repairing device.
6. The method for processing the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the processing system of the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head further comprises a straight-side gradient repairing device, the straight-side gradient repairing device comprises a first fixing mechanism positioned at the inner side of the seal head and a first correcting mechanism arranged on the outer surface of the seal head relative to the fixing mechanism, the contact surface of the first fixing mechanism and the seal head is a convex spherical surface, the contact surface of the first correcting mechanism and the seal head is also a convex spherical surface, the first fixing mechanism is used for fixing the seal head, and the first correcting mechanism moves outside the seal head; after correction, if the straight edge position gradient is larger, the straight edge position is restored by the straight edge gradient restoring device.
7. The method for processing the thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the equipment for cutting the blank in the step A is a numerical control plasma cutting machine.
CN202011405110.8A 2020-12-04 2020-12-04 Machining system and machining method of thin-wall austenitic stainless steel seal head Active CN114589264B (en)

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CN117282873B (en) * 2023-11-27 2024-03-26 河南神州精工制造股份有限公司 Laminated forming assembly of binding type set combined die and forming method thereof

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