CN114584994A - Beam forming and power distribution method and device for satellite-ground integrated communication network - Google Patents

Beam forming and power distribution method and device for satellite-ground integrated communication network Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114584994A
CN114584994A CN202210215150.9A CN202210215150A CN114584994A CN 114584994 A CN114584994 A CN 114584994A CN 202210215150 A CN202210215150 A CN 202210215150A CN 114584994 A CN114584994 A CN 114584994A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
base station
satellite
ground
follows
energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210215150.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王勇
王磊
林志
郝士琦
赵青松
牛和昊
左磊
王阳阳
骆盛
王忠华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National University of Defense Technology
Original Assignee
National University of Defense Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by National University of Defense Technology filed Critical National University of Defense Technology
Priority to CN202210215150.9A priority Critical patent/CN114584994A/en
Publication of CN114584994A publication Critical patent/CN114584994A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/12—Detection or prevention of fraud
    • H04W12/126—Anti-theft arrangements, e.g. protection against subscriber identity module [SIM] cloning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0473—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being transmission power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam forming and power distribution method for a satellite-ground integrated communication network, which comprises the following steps: grouping mobile users and energy collection users in each cell; setting constraint conditions and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem by taking the sum rate maximization of the satellite-ground integrated communication network as an objective; dividing a wave beam of a base station into two orthogonal wave beams, obtaining a normalized base station wave beam forming weight vector by adopting a penalty function method, and substituting the normalized base station wave beam forming weight vector into an original optimization problem to convert the normalized base station wave beam forming weight vector into two independent convex optimization sub-problems; the allocated transmit power of the base station beam and the beamforming weight vector of the satellite are optimized separately. The invention combines wireless energy-carrying transmission and beam forming technology, and provides a technical scheme for improving the effectiveness and safety of satellite-ground integrated communication network information transmission.

Description

Beam forming and power distribution method and device for satellite-ground integrated communication network
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a beam forming and power distribution method and device for a satellite-ground integrated communication network.
Background
The traditional ground mobile communication network has stable and reliable transmission and better service quality, but needs the support of related infrastructure, has very limited communication coverage range and cannot realize effective coverage in remote areas. The satellite communication system has the advantages of no geographical condition restriction, wide-range coverage, remote communication, flexible networking and the like, but the satellite network is very dependent on the line-of-sight communication, and the communication service quality provided by the satellite is obviously not as stable as that of the ground network due to the shielding of various high-rise and other obstacles. The satellite-ground integrated communication network combines the respective advantages of a ground network and a satellite network, has the characteristics of small ground network delay and wide satellite network coverage range, has important significance for realizing the leap-type development of the informatization construction of China, and becomes a current research hotspot.
With the emergence of novel wireless network architectures such as wireless sensor networks, the demand of wireless terminal equipment for energy is increasing day by day, and the sustainability and the mobility of wireless communication are restricted by the traditional wired charging or battery power supply mode. Therefore, the wireless energy-carrying transmission technology is developed, energy collection is carried out while information transmission is carried out, the frequency band efficiency and the energy efficiency of the system are greatly improved, and the wireless energy-carrying transmission technology has important practical significance and research value.
Because the energy collection user can be used as a potential eavesdropper to steal information, the security of communication is threatened. With the application and development of the multi-antenna technology, the beam forming technology is one of the important ways to realize the security of the physical layer, and the technology can enhance the channel quality of the main channel, thereby effectively enhancing the security of information transmission and receiving wide attention. How to reasonably design the beam forming weight vector and distribute power on the basis of ensuring the requirements of safe transmission and energy acquisition to maximize the system and the rate is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a beam forming and power distribution method and device for a satellite-ground integrated communication network, which are used for solving the technical problems of reasonably designing a beam forming weight vector and distributing power on the basis of ensuring the requirements of safe transmission and energy acquisition.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a beamforming and power allocation method for a satellite-ground integrated communication network, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: grouping mobile users and energy collecting users in each cell;
step S2: setting constraint conditions and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem by taking the sum rate maximization of the satellite-ground integrated communication network as an objective;
step S3: dividing a wave beam of a base station into two orthogonal wave beams, obtaining a normalized wave beam forming weight vector in an iteration mode by adopting a penalty function method, and converting the optimization problem into two independent convex optimization subproblems;
step S4: the allocated transmit power of the base station beam and the beamforming weight vector of the satellite are optimized separately.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a beamforming and power distribution apparatus for a satellite-ground integrated communication network, the apparatus comprising:
a grouping module: configured to group mobile users and energy harvesting users within each cell;
a model building module: configuring a target of maximizing the sum rate of the satellite-ground integrated communication network, setting a constraint condition, and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem;
a conversion module: the method comprises the steps that a wave beam of a base station is divided into two orthogonal wave beams, a normalized wave beam forming weight vector is obtained in an iteration mode through a penalty function method, and the optimization problem is converted into two independent convex optimization sub-problems;
a distribution module: configured to separately optimize the allocated transmit power of the base station beam and the beamforming weight vector of the satellite.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a beamforming and power distribution system for a satellite-ground integrated communication network, comprising:
a processor for executing a plurality of instructions;
a memory to store a plurality of instructions;
wherein the instructions are configured to be stored by the memory and loaded by the processor to perform the beamforming and power allocation method for a satellite-oriented integrated communication network as described above.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium having a plurality of instructions stored therein; the instructions are used for loading and executing the beam forming and power distribution method of the satellite-oriented integrated communication network by the processor.
According to the scheme, the invention provides a beam forming and power distribution method for a satellite-ground integrated communication network, aiming at the satellite-ground integrated communication network, a beam forming technology is adopted to group mobile users and energy acquisition users, and beam forming weight vectors and power distribution factors are designed, so that the sum rate maximization of the whole system is realized under the condition of meeting the requirement of user service quality. According to the technical scheme, the technical scheme of the invention at least has the following effects: the method adopts a software defined radio architecture, integrates information collection, beam forming and power distribution calculation into a gateway station, reduces the requirements on hardware and calculation complexity of the satellite and the base station, only involves simple matrix operation of the satellite and the base station on the transmitted signals, and has simple hardware realization and strong practicability; aiming at a satellite-ground integrated communication network, a grouping scheme of mobile users and energy collection users is provided, potential eavesdroppers of the mobile users are determined by utilizing the correlation of user channels, and effective and safe transmission of information is realized; a safe beam forming and power distribution scheme is provided, and the spectrum efficiency and the information transmission safety of the system are improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a satellite-ground integrated communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a beam forming and power allocation method of a satellite-ground integrated communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a base station beam pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of system and rate versus number of base station antennas for one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a beam forming and power distributing apparatus for a satellite-ground integrated communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First, a satellite-ground oriented integrated communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1.
In a satellite-ground integrated communication network, a satellite primary network serves a plurality of ground stations, a cellular secondary network serves a plurality of mobile users and energy acquisition users by adopting a beam forming technology, and a satellite and a base station realize spectrum sharing in downlink transmission.
The multi-beam communication satellite 101 transmits signals after adopting the beam forming technology
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
To the ground station 102_ l, while the base station 201_ m of the mth cell uses the signal after the transmit beam forming
Figure 481890DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The mobile users 202_ m _ k in the kth group in the cell are considered to be equipped with high-gain parabolic antennas to overcome the severe path loss caused by long-distance transmission, so that the interference of satellite signals to cellular users of base stations and eavesdroppers is negligible. Thus, the received signal of the ground station 102_ l can be represented as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(formula 1)
Wherein,Lthe number of the ground stations is the number of the ground stations,Mis the number of cells in the cell,Kfor the number of packets per cell,
Figure 668020DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is transmitted from the satellite 101 tolThe normalized signal of each ground station 102 l,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
is shown aslThe received signal of each ground station 102 l,
Figure 309961DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
for the normalized signal sent by the base station 201_ v to the mobile user 202_ v _ u,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
which is the channel fading coefficient between satellite 101 and ground station 102 l,
Figure 847122DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
beamforming weight vectors for signals transmitted by satellite 101 to ground station 102 l,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
as channel fading coefficients between the base station 201_ v and the ground station 102_ l,
Figure 501219DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
beamforming weight vectors for signals transmitted by the base station 201_ v to the mobile users 202_ v _ u,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
representing white gaussian noise at the ground station 102_ l;
Figure 807435DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
for the signal sent by the vth base station to the u-th user in the cell,lis as followslNumber of each ground station, i is the numberlNumber outside of individual ground station, viA beamforming weight vector for the signal sent by the satellite to the ith ground station,s i (t)for the satellite to transmit to the ith ground station signal,h v,l H from the v base station to the vlChannel vectors for individual ground stations.
Since the primary satellite network shares the spectrum with the secondary cellular network, then(m,k)The received signal of the mobile user 202_ m _ k can be represented as
Figure 59425DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
(formula 2)
Wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
denotes the first(m,k)The received signal of mobile user 202_ m _ k,
Figure 441472DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
white gaussian noise at mobile user 202_ m _ k;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
for the channel vector from the mth base station to the kth user in the cell,
Figure 633681DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
the beamforming weight vector for the kth user signal sent by the mth base station in the cell,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
for the signal sent by the mth base station to the kth user in the cell,
Figure 794404DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
a beamforming weight vector for the mth base station to send to the u-th user signal in the cell,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
for the signal sent by the mth base station to the u-th user in the cell,
Figure 778147DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
the channel vector of the kth user in the cell from the nth base station to the mth base station,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
a beamforming weight vector for the nth base station to transmit to the u user signal in the cell,
Figure 289900DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
and sending a signal to the u-th user in the cell for the v-th base station, wherein v is the number of the base station except the m-th base station, m is the number of the base station, and u is the number of the user in the cell of the v-th base station.
The received signal of the energy harvesting user 203_ m _ k may be represented as:
Figure 722018DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
(formula 3)
Wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
a received signal representing the (m, k) th energy harvesting user 203_ m _ k,
Figure 566608DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
for the channel fading coefficients between the base station 201_ v and the energy harvesting users 203_ m _ k,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
white gaussian noise at the energy harvesting user 203_ m _ k;
Figure 721253DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
the channel vector for the mth base station to the kth energy harvesting user in the cell,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
acquiring the channel vector of a user for the kth energy in a cell from the nth base station to the mth base station,
Figure 923564DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
and k is the number of the energy collection user in each cell.
A beam forming and power distribution method for a satellite-ground integrated communication network in which a satellite primary network serves a plurality of ground stations and a ground cellular secondary network serves a plurality of mobile users and energy harvesting users is described as an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 2, where the satellite primary network and the ground cellular secondary network share a Ka band spectrum, and the method includes the following steps:
step S1: grouping mobile users and energy collection users in each cell;
step S2: setting constraint conditions and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem by taking the sum rate maximization of the satellite-ground integrated communication network as an objective;
step S3: dividing a wave beam of a base station into two orthogonal wave beams, obtaining a normalized wave beam forming weight vector in an iterative mode by adopting a penalty function method, and converting the optimization problem into two independent convex optimization sub-problems;
step S4: the allocated transmit power of the base station beam and the beamforming weight vector of the satellite are optimized separately.
In this embodiment, the satellite and the base station implement spectrum sharing in downlink transmission. Considering that an energy collection user as a potential eavesdropper tries to steal a signal sent to a mobile user, firstly, a user pairing method is provided based on the correlation of channels between the mobile user and the energy collection user so as to determine the potential eavesdropper of each mobile user; secondly, under the conditions of ensuring the service quality of a mobile user, the energy carrying requirement of an energy acquisition user and the limitation of the transmitting power of a satellite and a base station, the optimization problem of system and rate maximization is established; then, a multi-beam combination scheme is provided, and a penalty function method is adopted to obtain beam forming weight vectors and power distribution factors of the satellite and the base station with low complexity.
The step S1: grouping mobile users and energy harvesting users within each cell, comprising:
step S11: respectively putting K mobile users and K energy collection users in the mth cell into a set
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
And
Figure 316630DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
in, initialization m = 1; initializing i = 1;
step S12: computing collections
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
And
Figure 451945DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
channel correlation between arbitrary users, i.e.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
Wherein
Figure 777491DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
respectively representing the channel fading coefficients from a base station to a mobile user i and an energy receiving user j;
step S13: traversing the energy acquisition users to acquire the channel correlation corresponding to each energy acquisition user
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
A value; selecting a mobile user and an energy acquisition user corresponding to the maximum channel correlation value, and taking the selected mobile user and the selected energy acquisition user as a group; and are collected
Figure 263836DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
And
Figure 273643DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
deleting the selected mobile user and the selected energy acquisition user; assigning i to i + 1;
step S14: if i is greater than K, the m group of users is completely grouped, m is assigned as m +1, and the step S15 is entered; otherwise, go to step S12;
step S15: if M is greater than M, all user grouping is finished; otherwise, i =1 is initialized, and the process proceeds to step S12.
The grouping of the mobile users and the potential eavesdroppers is completed in the steps, the base station adopts the beam forming technology, and the mobile users and the energy acquisition users are grouped simultaneously by taking the channel correlation as an index. Firstly, grouping the mobile users 202 and the energy collection users 203 in each cell to determine potential eavesdroppers of each mobile user, wherein the method has low calculation complexity, and each user is divided into a group pairwise according to the channel correlation among the users to obtain a grouping result. The grouping method determines potential eavesdroppers of all mobile users in advance, and provides reference for the design of a beam forming method so as to improve the safety of information transmission.
The step S2: setting constraint conditions and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem by taking the sum rate maximization of the satellite-ground integrated communication network as a target, wherein:
the objective function of the optimization problem is expressed as:
Figure 794623DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
(formula 4)
Wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
and
Figure 759911DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
are respectively the firstlA ground station 202lSignal to interference plus noise ratio threshold and(m,k)i.e. group k mobile user 202 um_kThe signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio threshold,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
is as follows(m,k)I.e. the kth group of energy harvesting users 203 \um_kIs determined by the eavesdropping signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio limit,
Figure 890810DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
is a first(m,k)Energy harvesting user 203m_kThe energy-carrying threshold of the energy-carrying device,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
and
Figure 327476DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
which base station antenna transmit power constraint for the satellite;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
the beamforming weight vector for the kth user signal sent by the mth base station in the cell,
Figure 139181DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
for the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the signal received by the kth user in the cell of the mth base station,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
is as followslThe signal to interference and noise ratio of the received signal at each ground station,
Figure 934093DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
the signal to interference and noise ratio limit for the signal received for the kth user in the cell of the mth base station,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
for the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the kth eavesdropped received signal in the cell of the mth base station,
Figure 863871DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
the radio energy carrying limit sent by the mth base station to the kth user in the cell,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
is sent to the satellitelA beamforming weight vector for each ground station signal, F being a norm symbol,
Figure 563884DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
in order to limit the total transmit power of the satellite,
Figure 200402DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
the beamforming weight vector for the kth user signal sent by the mth base station in the cell,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
for the total transmit power limit of all base stations, m is the number of the base station, k is the number of the user and eavesdropping,lthe number of the ground station.
Mobile user 202 andthe energy collection users 203 are grouped, then an objective function of an optimization problem is established, under the conditions that a ground station and mobile users meet the requirements of service quality, the interception and energy carrying requirements of the energy collection users and the transmission power of a base station and a satellite are limited, constraint conditions of a satellite and base station beam forming weight vector and power distribution are set, an objective function of a system and a rate maximization is established, and(m,k)mobile user 202 um_kAchievable rate of received signal
Figure 540117DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
Is shown as
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
Of 1 atlA ground station 202lThe achievable rate of the receive channel is expressed as
Figure 317711DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
。
The step S3: dividing the wave beam of the base station into two orthogonal wave beams, obtaining a normalized wave beam forming weight vector by adopting a penalty function method, and converting the optimization problem into two independent convex optimization sub-problems, wherein:
first order
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
，
Figure 1240DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
Then equation 4 above can be re-expressed as:
Figure 757843DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
Figure 799617DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
(formula 5)
Wherein,(m,k)is as followsmIn a cellkThe number of the groups is set to be,
Figure 408716DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
is as followsvA cellular base station 201vAnd a first (u, k)Mobile user 202 uu_kThe channel fading coefficient in between is determined,
Figure 600662DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
is a firstvA cellular base station 201vAnd a first(u,k)Energy harvesting user 203u_kThe channel fading coefficient in between is determined,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
is a satellite andla ground station 102lThe channel fading coefficient in between is determined,
Figure 539669DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
is a satellite and(m,k)mobile user 202 um_kThe channel fading coefficient in between is determined,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
is shown as(m,k)Mobile user 202 um_kThe first step(m,k)Energy harvesting user 203m_kAnd a first ground station 102lThe variance of the noise is determined by the variance of the noise,
Figure 250879DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
is the trace of the matrix and is the trace of the matrix,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
is the rank of the matrix.
Resolving the beamforming weight vector of the base station 201_ m transmitted to the mobile user 202_ m _ k signal into
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
(formula 6)
In the formula,
Figure 471907DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
and
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
is that make
Figure 61020DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
Satisfy the requirement of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
And satisfies the normalization factor of
Figure 821910DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
. Two beams
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
And
Figure 205486DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
the need to satisfy the orthogonality condition
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
. Thus, the beamforming weight vector pointing to the mobile user 202_ m _ k
Figure 648231DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
Can be obtained from the following formula
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
(formula 7)
Degree of orthogonality
Figure 70729DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
Is provided with
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
To ensure
Figure 781065DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
. Introducing auxiliary variables
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
Equation 7 can be expressed as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
(formula 8)
Since the first equality constraint in equation 8 is non-convex, the above equation remains non-convex. Therefore, the first equation constraint is substituted into the target function of the formula 8 by adopting a penalty function method, and the optimization problem in the form of the generalized Rayleigh quotient can be obtained
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
(formula 9)
In the formula 9, the first and second groups,
Figure 584811DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
the optimal solution can be expressed as
Figure 623174DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
(formula 10)
In the formula 10, the first and second phases,
Figure 960614DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
in order to introduce the variable(s),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
for the normalized beamforming weight vector,
Figure 558080DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
for the channel matrix from the mth base station to the kth user in the cell,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
is an orthogonal threshold, and I is a unit diagonal matrix;
Figure 516415DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
is the maximum value of the problem (9),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
and
Figure 104391DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix pair (a, B) and the eigenvector to which the eigenvalue corresponds are represented, respectively.
In this embodiment, a penalty function method is adopted to obtain a normalized beamforming weight vector, including:
step S31: initializing system parameters: channel with a plurality of channels
Figure 340463DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
Signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio threshold of ground station
Figure 635178DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio threshold of mobile user
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
Safety limits for energy recipients
Figure 300DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
And energy reception threshold
Figure 511791DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
Satellite transmit power budget
Figure 315668DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
Base station transmit power budget
Figure 730468DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
Setting the iteration precision
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
(ii) a Wherein,
Figure 33536DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
is as followsvA cellular base station 201vAnd a first(u,k)Mobile user 202 uu_kThe channel fading coefficient in between is determined,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
is as followsvA cellular base station 201vAnd a first(u,k)Energy harvesting user 203u_kChannel fading in betweenThe coefficients of which are such that,
Figure 330525DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
is a satellite andla ground station 102lThe channel fading coefficient in between is determined,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
for the satellite and the (m, k) th mobile user 202 um_kThe channel fading coefficient therebetween;
step S32: setting the number of iterations
Figure 991224DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
(ii) a And based on
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
Calculating equation 10 to obtain
Figure 558734DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
；
Figure 124713DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
solving for variables in the process
Figure 814058DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
At the initial value of the time of the start,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
in the process of solving for iteration
Figure 585836DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
At the initial value of the time of the start,
Figure 444071DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
in the process of solving for iteration
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
At the initial value of the time of the start,
Figure 587476DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
is composed of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
The conjugation transpose of (1);
step S33: updating
Figure 216647DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
(ii) a Based on the following formula
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
，
Figure 339586DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
For the (n-1) th iteration
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
The value:
Figure 239278DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
(formula 11)
Figure 255382DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
In order to introduce the auxiliary variable(s),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
according to an auxiliary variable
Figure 14260DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
The obtained beam forming weight vector is calculated,
Figure 377108DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
according to an auxiliary variable
Figure 570454DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
The solution of the problem 9 found;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
solving for variables in the process for the nth iteration
Figure 321241DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 3633DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
in solving for the nth iteration
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 966910DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
in solving for the nth iteration
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE130
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 342659DEST_PATH_IMAGE131
and
Figure 670872DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
respectively represent matrix pairs
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE133
The maximum eigenvalue of (2) and the eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue;
step S34: when in use
Figure 637298DEST_PATH_IMAGE134
The step S35 is entered, otherwise, the step S33 is entered;
step S35: outputting normalized beamforming weight vectors
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE135
。
The above steps can be solved to obtain a normalized beamforming weight vector
Figure 528899DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
. The beamforming weight vector in equation 6 needs to be further solved
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE137
The beam is directed to energy extractionSet users 203_ m _ i, wherein
Figure 962417DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
Constructed from the formula
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE139
(formula 12)
The above equation can be solved by a method similar to equation (7).
Due to the fact that in the formula (7)
Figure 350279DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
Zero-forcing limitation to interference between networks, interference between satellite primary network and cellular secondary network can be directly omitted, and setting is carried out
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE141
And
Figure 197144DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
the original optimization problem (5) can be converted into two sub-optimization problems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE143
(formula 13)
Figure 187709DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
(formula 14)
In the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE145
。
for equation (13), by introducing an auxiliary variable
Figure 210154DEST_PATH_IMAGE146
The optimization problem can be converted into
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE147
(formula 15)
By introducing auxiliary variables
Figure 332700DEST_PATH_IMAGE148
Neglecting the noise power term with very small value
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE149
The first constraint of the above equation can be converted into
Figure 765997DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
(formula 16)
Thus, the sub-optimization problem (13) has been transformed into the solvable convex optimization problem
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE151
(formula 17)
Introducing variables for the sub-optimization problem (14)
Figure 704128DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
Can convert the optimization problem into
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE153
(formula 18)
Analogously to equation (15), by introducing an auxiliary variable
Figure 407510DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
Neglecting the noise power term with very small value
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE155
The first constraint of the above problem can be converted into
Figure 668334DEST_PATH_IMAGE156
(formula 19)
In the formula,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE157
the second and third limits of equation (18) can be rewritten to the semi-definite limit form
Figure 568419DEST_PATH_IMAGE158
(formula 20)
To this end, the sub-optimization problem (13) has been transformed into the solvable convex optimization problem
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE159
(formula 21)
The power distribution factor can be directly solved through an iterative algorithm
Figure 339935DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
And beam allocation factor
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE161
. The invention effectively utilizes the interference of non-target mobile users from different eavesdroppers to meet the energy capture requirement of an energy receiver, simultaneously inhibits the eavesdropping process and ensures the safe transmission performance of the system.
In this embodiment, the optimization problem is converted into two independent convex optimization sub-problems, where the two independent convex optimization sub-problems are respectively:
Figure 271726DEST_PATH_IMAGE162
(formula 22)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE163
(formula 23)
In the embodiment, the beam of the base station is divided into two orthogonal beams, and a normalized beam forming weight vector is calculated, so that the interference between the satellite main network and the cellular secondary network is eliminated.
The step S4: acquiring a weight vector and a power distribution factor, designing beams and distributing transmitting power for a satellite and a base station according to the weight vector and the power distribution factor, wherein:
the weight vector and the power allocation factor are respectively:
beamforming weight vector
Figure 237539DEST_PATH_IMAGE164
Power division factor
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE165
。
The designing of beams and the allocation of transmission power for the satellite and the base station according to the weight vectors and the power allocation factors comprises:
beamforming weight vector
Figure 654614DEST_PATH_IMAGE166
Power division factor
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE167
。
Fig. 3 depicts the beam pattern of the signal sent by the base station 201_1 to the mobile user 202_1_ 2. The main lobe direction of the generated beam is aligned to the target mobile user 202_1_2, deeper nulls are generated in other mobile users and the ground station, and the beam side lobe is aligned to potential eavesdroppers of other mobile users. The solution of the invention is illustrated to be able to exploit the interference inside the cell while fulfilling the requirements of secure transmission and wireless energy carrying.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between system sum rate and the number of base station antennas in two different strategy cases. Compared with the complete zero-forcing beam forming scheme, the multi-beam combination scheme greatly improves the system and the speed. The complete zero-forcing beam forming scheme restrains the interference in the cell and provides the energy required by energy carrying by using extra power, and the scheme of the invention simultaneously realizes the requirements of safe transmission and wireless energy carrying by using the interference in the cell, so the effectiveness and the safety of the scheme provided by the invention are higher.
As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a beam forming and power distributing apparatus for a satellite-ground integrated communication network, where the apparatus includes:
a grouping module: configured to group mobile users and energy harvesting users within each cell;
a model building module: configuring a target of maximizing the sum rate of the satellite-ground integrated communication network, setting a constraint condition, and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem;
a conversion module: the method comprises the steps that a wave beam of a base station is divided into two orthogonal wave beams, a normalized wave beam forming weight vector is obtained in an iteration mode through a penalty function method, and the optimization problem is converted into two independent convex optimization sub-problems;
a distribution module: configured to separately optimize the allocated transmit power of the base station beam and the beamforming weight vector of the satellite.
There is provided a beamforming and power distribution system for a satellite-to-ground integrated communication network, comprising:
a processor for executing a plurality of instructions;
a memory to store a plurality of instructions;
wherein the instructions are configured to be stored by the memory and loaded by the processor to perform the beamforming and power allocation method for a satellite-oriented integrated communication network as described above.
Providing a computer-readable storage medium having a plurality of instructions stored therein; the instructions are used for loading and executing the beam forming and power distribution method of the satellite-oriented integrated communication network by the processor.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of hardware plus a software functional unit.
The integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The software functional unit is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a physical machine Server, or a network cloud Server, etc., and needs to install a Windows or Windows Server operating system) to perform some steps of the method according to various embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for beamforming and power allocation for a satellite-to-ground integrated communication network, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: grouping mobile users and energy collection users in each cell;
step S2: setting constraint conditions and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem by taking the sum rate maximization of the satellite-ground integrated communication network as an objective;
step S3: dividing a wave beam of a base station into two orthogonal wave beams, obtaining a normalized wave beam forming weight vector in an iterative mode by adopting a penalty function method, and converting the optimization problem into two independent convex optimization sub-problems;
step S4: the allocated transmit power of the base station beam and the beamforming weight vector of the satellite are optimized separately.
2. The satellite-ground oriented unified communications network beam forming and power distribution method of claim 1, wherein the step S2: setting constraint conditions and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem by taking the sum rate maximization of the satellite-ground integrated communication network as a target, wherein:
the objective function of the optimization problem is expressed as:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(formula 1)
Wherein,
Figure 67516DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
and
Figure 24714DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
are respectively the firstlSignal-to-interference-and-noise ratio threshold and the second of individual ground station(m,k)I.e. firstmIn a cellkThe mobile user signal to interference plus noise ratio threshold of each,
Figure 491467DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is as follows(m,k)I.e. firstmIn a cellkEavesdropping SINR limit of individual energy-harvesting users, whereinmIs the number of the base station cell,kthe numbers of the users and the energy harvesting users,Mas to the number of cells,Lin order to be able to count the number of ground stations,Kthe number of users and energy harvesting users;
Figure 668371DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
is a firstm,k) The energy carrying threshold of the energy collecting user,
Figure 747447DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
and
Figure 326196DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
for which base station antenna transmit power constraints for the satellite, the satellite transmit power budgets are respectively
Figure 698272DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Base station transmit power budget
Figure 595427DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
；
Figure 711151DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Is as followsmA base station sends to the first base station in the cellkA beamforming weight vector for each user signal,
Figure 878827DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is as followsmWithin a cell of a base stationkThe signal to interference and noise ratio of the received signal of each user,
Figure 421804DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is a firstlThe signal to interference and noise ratio of the received signal at each ground station,
Figure 278027DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
is a firstmWithin a cell of a base stationkSignal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) limitation of signals received by each user;
Figure 197441DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
is as followsmWithin a cell of a base stationkThe signal to interference plus noise ratio of the eavesdropping received signal,
Figure 954045DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
is as followsmA base station transmits to the first base station in the cellkThe wireless energy carrying limitations of an individual user,
Figure 432037DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
is sent to the satellitelA beamforming weight vector for each ground station signal, Fis a sign of a norm,
Figure 539670DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
in order to limit the total transmit power of the satellite,
Figure 262776DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
for the total transmit power limit of all base stations,lthe number of the ground station.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein splitting a beam of a base station into two orthogonal beams comprises:
Figure 873886DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
in the formula,
Figure 525709DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
respectively, are the beamforming weight vectors, respectively,
Figure 855059DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
and
Figure 116276DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
is that make
Figure 847472DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Satisfy the requirement of
Figure 690704DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
And satisfies the normalization factor of
Figure 976192DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(ii) a Two beamforming weight vectors
Figure 306679DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
And
Figure 157961DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
the need to satisfy the orthogonality condition
Figure 682745DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
；
Figure 783425DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
Is the power allocation factor;
Figure 150559DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
solving by an initial value determination formula:
Figure 121926DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
degree of orthogonality
Figure 316147DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Is provided with
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
To ensure
Figure 671168DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
(ii) a Introducing auxiliary variables
Figure 77878DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
The initial value determination formula can be converted into:
Figure 402287DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
wherein,
Figure 236251DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
is as followsmFrom the base station to the intracellkThe channel matrix of an individual mobile user,
Figure 514785DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
is as followsmA base station touIs first in a celljThe channel matrix of each of the mobile users is,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
is as followsmFrom the base station to the intracelljThe channel matrix of each energy-harvesting user,
Figure 288969DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
is as followsmA base station tolThe channel matrix of each ground station is,
Figure 703769DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
is composed of
Figure 443055DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
The conjugate transpose of (a) is performed,jnumber of energy harvesting users.
4. The satellite-ground-oriented integrated communication network beam forming and power distribution method of claim 3, wherein the normalized beam forming weight vector is obtained in an iterative manner by using a penalty function method, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S301: initializing system parameters: channel with a plurality of channels
Figure 943307DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
Signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio threshold of ground station
Figure 190355DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio threshold of mobile user
Figure 725242DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
Safety restrictions of energy receivers
Figure 166587DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And energy reception threshold
Figure 921179DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Satellite transmit power budget
Figure 738962DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Base station transmit power budget
Figure 128355DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Setting the iteration precision
Figure 475023DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
(ii) a Wherein,
Figure 713981DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
is as followsmA cellular base station and
Figure 804297DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
the channel fading coefficients between the mobile users,
Figure 313775DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
is as followsmA cellular base station and
Figure 332809DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
the channel fading coefficients between the energy-harvesting users,
Figure 294949DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
is a satellite andlthe channel fading coefficients between the individual ground stations,
Figure 923377DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
is a satellite and
Figure 756203DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
channel fading coefficients between mobile users;
step S302: number of initialization iterations
Figure 208788DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
(ii) a And based on
Figure 923803DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
The following formula is calculated:
Figure 152659DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
to obtain
Figure 403774DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
And
Figure 794304DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
(ii) a Wherein,
Figure 229571DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
in order to introduce the auxiliary variable(s),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
according to an auxiliary variable
Figure 527698DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
The obtained beam forming weight vector is calculated,
Figure 600696DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
according to auxiliary variables
Figure 398013DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
Solving the obtained solution;
Figure 822041DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
is as followsnVariables in the sub-iterative solution process
Figure 330383DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 789046DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
is as followsnIn the process of sub-iterative solution
Figure 754334DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
A value;
Figure 134500DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
is as followsmBase station to the first in the cellkThe channel matrix of an individual user is determined,
Figure 712112DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
is a firstnIn the process of sub-iterative solution
Figure 526746DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 633243DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
is as followsnIn the process of sub-iterative solution
Figure 766284DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 616428DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
and
Figure 118577DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
respectively represent matrix pairs
Figure 395975DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
The maximum eigenvalue of (2) and the eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue;
Figure 281891DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
solving for variables in the process
Figure 201305DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
At the initial value of the time of the start,
Figure 990532DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
is composed of
Figure 969989DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
Is set to the initial value of (a),
Figure 77623DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
is composed ofobjOf the initial value of (a) is,
Figure 768105DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
is composed of
Figure 644794DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
The conjugate transpose of (1);
step S303: updating
Figure 60732DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
(ii) a Calculating out
Figure 688284DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
，
Figure 480660DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
Is as followsn-1Of a second iteration
Figure 8593DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
The value of the sum of the values,
Figure 93968DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
；
step S304: when the temperature is higher than the set temperature
Figure 176193DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
The step S305 is entered, otherwise, the step S303 is entered;
Figure 506680DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
is a set convergence threshold;
step S305: outputting normalized beamforming weight vectors
Figure 859426DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
；
Step S306: establishing initial value determination formula and solving
Figure 86008DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
：
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
Degree of orthogonality
Figure 216382DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
Is provided with
Figure 819402DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
To ensure
Figure 259610DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
(ii) a Introducing auxiliary variables
Figure 922673DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
The initial value determination formula can be converted into:
Figure 949797DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
is as followsmBase station touIn a cellkThe channel matrix of an individual mobile user,
Figure 481141DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
is a firstmBase station tolThe channel matrix of each ground station is,
Figure 539971DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
is as followsmFrom the base station to the first in the cellkThe channel matrix of each energy-harvesting user,
Figure 373935DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
is composed of
Figure 183628DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
The conjugate transpose of (a) is performed,jthe number of the user for energy collection;
step S307: initializing system parameters: channel with a plurality of channels
Figure 895494DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
Signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio threshold of ground station
Figure 841453DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Of mobile userssNR threshold
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
Safety limits for energy recipients
Figure 938329DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And energy reception threshold
Figure 704160DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Satellite transmit power budget
Figure 452673DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
Base station transmit power budget
Figure 456401DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Setting the iteration precision
Figure 399211DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
(ii) a Wherein,
Figure 652338DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
is a firstmA cellular base station and
Figure 938963DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
the channel fading coefficients between the mobile users,
Figure 328356DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
is as followsmA cellular base station andlthe channel fading coefficients between the individual ground stations,
Figure 173559DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
is a firstmFrom a cellular base station to the first cellkChannel fading coefficients between the energy-collecting users;
step S308: number of initialization iterations
Figure 913982DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
(ii) a And based on
Figure 4297DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
The following formula is calculated:
Figure 15241DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
to obtain
Figure 532810DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
And
Figure 229371DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
(ii) a Wherein,
Figure 857798DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
in order to introduce the auxiliary variable(s),
Figure 251477DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
according to an auxiliary variable
Figure 205526DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
The obtained beam forming weight vector is calculated,
Figure 687586DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
according to an auxiliary variable
Figure 385283DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
Solving the obtained solution;
Figure 134933DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
is as followsnVariables in the sub-iterative solution process
Figure 781857DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 718589DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
is as followsnIn the process of sub-iterative solution
Figure 688819DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
A value;
Figure 761817DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
is as followsmBase station to the first in the cellkThe channel matrix of each energy receiver is then determined,
Figure 293555DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
is as followsnDuring sub-iterative solution
Figure 717583DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 757083DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
is as followsnDuring sub-iterative solution
Figure 684588DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
The value of the one or more of the one,
Figure 649876DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
and
Figure 561201DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
respectively represent matrix pairs
Figure 669971DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
The maximum eigenvalue of (2) and the eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue;
Figure 484605DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
solving for variables in the process
Figure 387839DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
At the initial value of the time of the start,
Figure 550574DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
is composed of
Figure 931877DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
Of the initial value of (a) is,
Figure 365132DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
is composed ofobjIs set to the initial value of (a),
Figure 940732DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
is composed of
Figure 92228DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
The conjugate transpose of (1);
step S309: updatingn=n+1(ii) a Based on formula 2
Figure 11642DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
，
Figure 532360DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
Is as followsn-1Of a minor iteration
Figure 42976DEST_PATH_IMAGE130
The value of the sum of the values,
Figure 416189DEST_PATH_IMAGE131
；
step S310: when the temperature is higher than the set temperature
Figure 640759DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
If not, the step S311 is carried out, otherwise, the step S309 is carried out; is a set convergence threshold;
step S311: outputting normalized beamforming weight vectors
Figure 48606DEST_PATH_IMAGE133
。
5. The satellite-ground-oriented integrated communication network beam forming and power distribution method of claim 4, wherein the two independent convex optimization sub-problems are respectively:
Figure 198965DEST_PATH_IMAGE134
wherein,
Figure 26850DEST_PATH_IMAGE135
is as followslThe power allocation factor of each ground station,Lin order to be able to determine the number of ground stations,
Figure 84805DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
is satellite tolThe channel matrix of each ground station is,
Figure 816001DEST_PATH_IMAGE137
is as followslThe noise power of the individual ground stations,
Figure 638725DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
to the satellite after extracting power factorlThe signal strength of the individual ground stations,
Figure 986530DEST_PATH_IMAGE139
for the signal to interference and noise ratio limitations of the ground station,
Figure 317017DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
is the transmit power limit of the satellite.
6. The satellite-ground oriented unified communications network beam forming and power distribution method of claim 5, wherein the step S4: separately optimizing the allocated transmit power of the base station beam and the beamforming weight vector of the satellite, wherein:
based on the two independent convex optimization questionsSolving the problem to obtain a normalized beamforming weight matrix of the satellite
Figure 932413DEST_PATH_IMAGE141
The power division factor is
Figure 690153DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
The power allocation factor of the base station is
Figure 259675DEST_PATH_IMAGE143
The beam allocation factor is
Figure 364160DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
。
7. A beamforming and power distribution apparatus for a satellite-to-ground communications network, the apparatus comprising:
a grouping module: configured to group mobile users and energy harvesting users within each cell;
a model building module: configuring a target of maximizing the sum rate of the satellite-ground integrated communication network, setting a constraint condition, and establishing an objective function of an optimization problem;
a conversion module: the method comprises the steps that a wave beam of a base station is divided into two orthogonal wave beams, a normalized wave beam forming weight vector is obtained in an iteration mode through a penalty function method, and the optimization problem is converted into two independent convex optimization sub-problems;
a distribution module: configured to separately optimize the allocated transmit power of the base station beam and the beamforming weight vector of the satellite.
8. A satellite-to-ground communication network-oriented beamforming and power distribution system, comprising:
a processor for executing a plurality of instructions;
a memory to store a plurality of instructions;
wherein the plurality of instructions are for storage by the memory and for loading and executing by the processor the method for beamforming and power allocation for a satellite-to-ground integrated communication network according to any of claims 1-6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a plurality of instructions; the plurality of instructions for being loaded by a processor and executing the method for beamforming and power allocation for a satellite-to-ground integrated communication network according to any of claims 1 to 6.
CN202210215150.9A 2022-03-07 2022-03-07 Beam forming and power distribution method and device for satellite-ground integrated communication network Pending CN114584994A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210215150.9A CN114584994A (en) 2022-03-07 2022-03-07 Beam forming and power distribution method and device for satellite-ground integrated communication network

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210215150.9A CN114584994A (en) 2022-03-07 2022-03-07 Beam forming and power distribution method and device for satellite-ground integrated communication network

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114584994A true CN114584994A (en) 2022-06-03

Family

ID=81778444

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210215150.9A Pending CN114584994A (en) 2022-03-07 2022-03-07 Beam forming and power distribution method and device for satellite-ground integrated communication network

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114584994A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117715087A (en) * 2024-02-02 2024-03-15 南京信息工程大学 Method and system for dynamically distributing network resources in heaven and earth integration manner

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018119673A1 (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-05 深圳先进技术研究院 Relay energy carrying communication system, and transmission rate optimization method and apparatus thereof
CN111447631A (en) * 2020-03-05 2020-07-24 南京邮电大学 Satellite-ground combined beam forming and power distribution method based on non-orthogonal multiple access technology

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018119673A1 (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-05 深圳先进技术研究院 Relay energy carrying communication system, and transmission rate optimization method and apparatus thereof
CN111447631A (en) * 2020-03-05 2020-07-24 南京邮电大学 Satellite-ground combined beam forming and power distribution method based on non-orthogonal multiple access technology

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ZHI LIN;MIN LIN;WEI-PING ZHU;JUN-BO WANG;JULIAN CHENG: "Robust Secure Beamforming for Wireless Powered Cognitive Satellite-Terrestrial Networks", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COGNITIVE COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117715087A (en) * 2024-02-02 2024-03-15 南京信息工程大学 Method and system for dynamically distributing network resources in heaven and earth integration manner
CN117715087B (en) * 2024-02-02 2024-04-26 南京信息工程大学 Method and system for dynamically distributing network resources in heaven and earth integration manner

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Huang et al. Uplink massive access in mixed RF/FSO satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks
Saeidi et al. Weighted sum-rate maximization for multi-IRS-assisted full-duplex systems with hardware impairments
Foschini et al. Coordinating multiple antenna cellular networks to achieve enormous spectral efficiency
Tian et al. Overlapping user grouping in IoT oriented massive MIMO systems
Huaicong et al. Ergodic sum rate for uplink NOMA transmission in satellite-aerial-ground integrated networks
Tian et al. Stochastic analysis of cooperative satellite-UAV communications
CN109714085B (en) Downlink NOMA transmission method based on dual-polarization MIMO
CN111885732B (en) Dynamic resource allocation method for enhancing NOMA visible light communication network security
Zhu et al. Multi-UAV aided millimeter-wave networks: Positioning, clustering, and beamforming
CN113037340B (en) Safe precoding method of multi-beam low-orbit satellite communication system
Kong et al. Beamforming design and performance analysis for satellite and UAV integrated networks in IoRT applications
CN103248414A (en) Method for multi-relay two-hop transmission based on interference alignment and beamforming
Mu Joint beamforming and power allocation for wireless powered UAV-assisted cooperative NOMA systems
Yang et al. Joint transceiver design for network-assisted full-duplex systems with SWIPT
Wang et al. Performance modeling and analysis of base station cooperation for cellular-connected UAV networks
CN114584994A (en) Beam forming and power distribution method and device for satellite-ground integrated communication network
Abdelhakam et al. Efficient WMMSE beamforming for 5G mmWave cellular networks exploiting the effect of antenna array geometries
Bhowal et al. Polarization-enabled MIMO bidirectional device-to-device communications via RIS
CN115696437A (en) IRS-based user total rate maximization method of wireless energy transmission network
Yang et al. Sum rate and max-min rate for cellular-enabled UAV swarm networks
Sachan et al. Uplink Sum Rate and Capacity of Hybrid Precoding mmWave Massive MIMO System.
CN103346867B (en) Multiple cell multi-user's co-channel interference suppression method based on triangle decomposition and SLNR algorithm
CN114448479B (en) Massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) safe transmission optimization method based on antenna selection
CN115865160A (en) Beam forming method and system of large-scale MIMO-NOMA system in low-orbit satellite communication scene
CN115037337A (en) Intelligent reflecting surface driven multi-user cooperative transmission method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
CB03 Change of inventor or designer information

Inventor after: Lin Zhi

Inventor after: Wang Zhonghua

Inventor after: Wang Lei

Inventor after: Wang Yong

Inventor after: Hao Shiqi

Inventor after: Zhao Qingsong

Inventor after: Niu Hehao

Inventor after: Zuo Lei

Inventor after: Wang Yangyang

Inventor after: Luo Sheng

Inventor before: Wang Yong

Inventor before: Wang Zhonghua

Inventor before: Wang Lei

Inventor before: Lin Zhi

Inventor before: Hao Shiqi

Inventor before: Zhao Qingsong

Inventor before: Niu Hehao

Inventor before: Zuo Lei

Inventor before: Wang Yangyang

Inventor before: Luo Sheng

CB03 Change of inventor or designer information